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KiG 2010, 14Anniversaries

1. Introduction

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1. Uvod

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izvan svoje domovine.

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zemljovida Ugarske , za koji je dao svoj -

ri,

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-ne tiskao prvi svezak svjetske povijesti pod naslovom

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ske nizine, pokraj rijeke Drave, gotovo

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je vidljivo iz posvete knjizi ---

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posvete je jasno da je iz roditeljskog

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ma svijest o vrijednosti znanja, ali

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3. Studiranje u Budimu i Pešti

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3.1. Hrvatski znanstvenici u

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kao asistent astronom dvadesetak godi-16,

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trenja

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sip Franjo Domin , koji je naslijedio gra--

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three departments: philosophy, theology and law, but Joseph II soon transferred the Faculty of Theology to the central seminary, so the Academy operated with two departments, as the only institution of higher education in the Croatian lands, until 1850 (Kombol and Novak 1992). This was the reason why Croatian sci-entists chose to work at the University of Pešt, rather than in Zagreb.

3.1. Croatian scientists in

and gathered in European cities, espe-cially in the cities of the Empire, of which Croatia was a part and a hereditary king-dom. They held different positions and often replaced each other. In the imperial public job system, Croats held the right to became professors at colleges and uni-versities in Croatia, Austria and Hungary (URL 4). So, many Croatian scientists worked at the universities in Trnava,

Academy and the University of Vienna, at several academies in Hungary and Veliki Varadin and beyond the borders of the Hapsburg empire, especially in Italy and Russia, in missions12 and more.

in teaching mathematics and physics at the University of Buda and Pešt over the course of many years, and in astro-

Professor of Mathematics at the Univer-sity of Pešt (from 1784 until his death in 1788), was a Croatian scientist, Joseph Mitterpacher13. He was succeeded by the

14 from Senj. From

12 In astronomy, the most important missio-naries in the 18th century were Ferdinand

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-nent mathematician, astronomer, natura-list, geologist, builder of roads and emban-kments and supervisor of all the Jesuit set-tlements in Mexico. He proved that Cali-fornia was a peninsula. One of the islan-ds in the northern Gulf of California bears

(1710–1793) from Kotoriba was one of the most learned mathematicians and astro-

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ces of the Portuguese King Joseph I. He published astronomical observations for the creation of precise geographical maps of the areas explored (Kren 2002).

13 Jesuit Joseph Mitterpacher (1739–1788) was born in Belje and died in Budapest (URL 6).

14 The prominent Croatian and Hungarian astronomer and mathematician Janos Pa-

-gy, was a clergyman in the district of Za-greb, then in 1778 became a practitioner

as a “repeater” (assistant charged with carrying out exercises with students) with great success at the University of

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peating” the material treated in lectures

became very good friends, sharing a passion for mathematics and astronomy.

at the Vienna Observatory, among his

mathematics and astronomy which won a University award. From 1777 to 1815, the Buda Observatory was located at the Royal Palace in Buda. Ferenc Bruna16 from Zagreb worked for twenty years as an assistant astronomer at the Buda Observatory. In 1797, he became Professor of Mathematics at Pešt Uni-versity. Bruna observed the eclipses of

and planets with the Moon, and other phenomena, mostly focusing on deter-mining longitudes, which was one of the most important issues resolved at that time, after the invention of the precise clock, or chronograph. At the time of his

-tory. But he only managed to get the post of second assistant much later, in 1797, shortly before Bruna left the observatory. At the end of 1791, the Professor of

assistant for exercises at Buda University and assistant to Professor Janos Baptista Horvat. Upon the death of Professor Mitter-pacher, he assumed the Chair of Higher Mathematics from 1788 to 1797. In 1797 he sought retirement and went to Vienna, where he worked in astronomy and geode-sy. He took another position in 1803 as an assistant at the observatory in Buda, and later became its director. He was a skilled

-vered. His calculations were used by ma-thematicians like Gauss and others. He established a new observatory on Gellért Hill (Buda) and was its director until 1824.

(number 11191) from the Višnjan Obser-

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1782.16 The Jesuit mathematician and astronomer

Ferenc Bruna (1745–1817) was born in Za-greb and died in Budapest. In about 1780, he became an assistant astronomer at the Buda observatory. He published many val-uable observations in Ephemerides astro-nomicae -ed retirement, he took over the position of Professor of Higher Mathematics.

Physics and Mechanics at the University of Budapest was Joseph Ferenc Domin17 from Zagreb, who succeeded the Jesuit János Horvat18, a Burgenland Croat.

These textbooks had a major impact on education in the Austrian Empire and in Croatia. Horvat also wrote a mathemati-

arithmetic, algebra and geometry, and the second geometry and the cross-

-cle associated with the University of Buda

them as a student and later. In Buda, a Franciscan cultural circle was also active,

19, a Franciscan friar, played an important role. In 1779, he held a chair at the higher school of philosophy in Buda, and from 1783 to 1791, he taught physics at the University of Lvov, before his tragic death

was supporter of Joseph II. He worked

17 Josip Franjo Domin (1754–1819) from Zagreb received his doctorate in 1777 in Trnava. He worked at the Academy in Gyor and Pecs as Professor of Experimental Physics, Mechanics, Cosmology and Eco-nomics. In 1792, Domin replaced Profes-sor Ivan Horvat and worked for nine years as Professor of Physics and Mechanics at the University of Pešt. Domin and Bru-na together catalogued the natural histo-ry collection. Domin was Dean of the Fac-ulty of Philosophy (1794–1796) and Rec-tor of the University of Budapest (1798). In 1800, he was appointed a canon of Za-greb Cathedral. He moved to Zagreb and acted as Rector of the Zagreb Diocesan Seminary in the Parish of St. Mary and

He died in 1819 and was buried in Zagreb Cathedral (URL 4).

18 Ivan Horvat (1732–1799) was most likely

in Burgenland. He was Prefect of the Jes-uit School in Trnava, and then taught phi-losophy for two years, when Trnava Uni-versity moved to Buda. He taught phys-ics and mechanics in Buda and Pešt Uni-versity until 1792, when he was appointed Abbot of St. Mary in Epereisu. He died in Budapest in 1799. His lectures at the Uni-

1982).19

Croat from Budapest. Ordained in Ilok in

Buda in 1778 and in 1779 accepted a chair at the higher philosophical school in Buda, where he stayed until 1781. He left the Franciscan order and became a military chaplain in Bukovina (URL 4).

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4. Na Kraljevskoj akademiji u Velikom Varadinu

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ispit. Dvije godine radio je kao asistent

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5. Educational Activity and Study of Astronomy in Vienna

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5. Prosvjetiteljsko djelovanje i

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-tan. Uskoro se pokazala nova opasnost,

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5.1. Pokušaj stvaranja narodnih novina na hrvatskom jeziku

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rika datira davno prije ilirizma.

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5.1. Attempts to create a national newspaper in Croatian

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and Dalmatia, in Croatian, permission

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5.2. Svjetska povijest na hrvatskom

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5.2. A history of the world in Croatian: (World

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Latinski naziv: Belostenec:

stellae errantes

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5.3. Studij astronomije

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6.1. Cooperation with the cartographer Lipszky

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dova te je pred-

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J. Lipsky: Mappa generalis regni Hungariae ..., sheet VIII, 1806, map is kept in the Collection of Maps and Atlases of the National and University Library in Zagreb

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Obljetnice

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14° 21´ 46" +4"Carlopago

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Kassa 21° 16´ 20" +120" 49° 26´ 46" +44"

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Nebeska me-hanike (Mechanica Coelestis)38

Monatliche Correspondenz,

Intelligenzblatt

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7. Conclusion

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Berlin Astronomical Yearbook

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Mapa Generalis Regni Hun-gariae partiumque adnexarum Croatiae Slavoniae et Confinionum Militarium Magni item Principatus Transylvaniae geometricis partium dimensionibus, recentisimisque astronomics observa-

Provinciarum Bucovivinae, Galliciae, Silesiae, Austriae, Styriae, Carinthiae, Carnioliae, Dalmatiae, Bosniae, Seviae, Valachiae Moldaviae et quam principis honoribus Serenissima Regio Joseph Archiducis Palatine dedicet Joannes de Lipszky Legionic Caes et Reg. Equestris Hungaricae Lib.; Pesthini Anno 1806th (General map of the Kingdom of Hungary and associated parts of Croatia, Slavonia and the Military Frontier ... -

Mappa Generalis (Repertoriumand 1808, and Tabula 1810.

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KiG 2010, 14

Literatura / References

života i rada mirka danijela bogdanića

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