zentralanstalt für meteorologie und geodynamik global phenology data geo 2009-2001 working plan...
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Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik
GLOBAL PHENOLOGY DATA
GEO 2009-2001 Working Plan Sub-task Number: US-09-03d
Elisabeth Koch, Mark D. Schwartz, Jake Weltzin
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OUTLINE
Definition History of phenological research and networks Motivation of Global Phenology Data Status Quo of GPD Potential applications Major results of recent phenological studies
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DEFINITION
Phenology is the study of the timing of recurring biological events in the animal and plant world
Examples:
Leaf unfolding and flowering of plants in spring, fruit ripening, colour changing and leaf fall in autumn, as well as the appearance and departure of migrating birds and the timing of animal breeding are all examples.
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1300 years of flowering of cherry in Kyoto
Source A.Menzel
HISTORY OF PHENOLOGICAL RESEARCH AND NETWORKS
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HISTORY OF PHENOLOGICAL RESEARCH AND NETWORKS
Carolus Linnaeus
In Philosophia Botanica, 1751 he outlined
methods for compiling annual plant calendars of leaf opening, flowering, fruiting and leaf fall, together with climatological observations“so as to show how areas differ”…
First known phenological network in Sweden and Finland 1750 - 1752
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HISTORY OF PHENOLOGICAL RESEARCH AND NETWORKS
Societas Meteorologia Palatina 1781-1791 1st pan European phenology network
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HISTORY OF PHENOLOGICAL RESEARCH AND NETWORKS
19th to 20thcentury
US network run by the Smithsonian Institute1851 - 1859: 320 sites in 33 states
Belgium: Adolphe Quetelet 1840 - 1870iesapp. 80 sites in different West European countries
K.k. Monarchy: Carl Fritsch 1851 - 1877varying number of sites in former Austrian Hungarian monarchy
Europe: Hoffman & Ihne´s network 1884 - 1941
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MOTIVATION OF GLOBAL PHENOLOGY DATA
phenology has rapidly become an important tool for climate change impact studies (IPCC, 2007) long phenological records are existing plant development in mid and high latitude climate region is
strongly dependant on temperature thus plant development esp. in spring is an indicator for
climate warming
and climate change & impacts can be communicated to the public very effectively via phenology earlier onset of spring is much more as phenological events
can be observed rather easily observations can be carried out by citizen scientits
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STATUS QUO OF GPD
http://www.usanpn.org/files/shared/images/data/FORS_opfl_09.png
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STATUS QUO OF GPD
http://www.usanpn.org/files/shared/images/Schwartz_SIBloom_1996_0.png
SI spring index: modelled lilac honeysuckle 1st bloom dates
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STATUS QUO OF GPD
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STATUS QUO OF GPD
http://www.zamg.ac.at/cost725/login.php
follow up COST725
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STATUS QUO OF GPD
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POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS
necessary for understanding the interaction between atmosphere and biosphere
increase the knowledge of critical exchanges in the planetary carbon balance
Development status of vegetation influences albedo, evapotranspiration>> energy balance of the earth – atmosphere system
ground truth observations for NDVI-data coupling of ground- and satellite-based
observations with meteorological measurements for crop-yield modelling
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MAJOR RESULTS OF RECENT PHENO STUDIES
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MAJOR RESULTS OF RECENT PHENO STUDIES
Temperature reconstruction with grape harvest dates back to the 16th century in ViennaMaurer, Ch., E. Koch, Ch. Hammerl, T. Hammerl, and E. Pokorny (2009) BACCHUS temperature reconstruction for the period 16th to 18th centuries from Viennese and Klosterneuburg grape harvest dates, J. Geophys. Res., doi:10.1029/2009JD011730, in press.
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MAJOR RESULTS OF RECENT PHENO STUDIES
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UPCOMING ACTIVITIES
PEP725: 5 years budget Restructuring of database Update & maintenance Conferences: 1st in June 2010 in Dublin
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THE END
THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION!!!