zarpanel nutrientes1
TRANSCRIPT
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LOS NUTRIENTES
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• LAS PROTEINAS
4,39 Kcal/g
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Aminoácidos esenciales y no esenciales
• Valina Alanina
• Leucina Prolina
• Treonina Glicina
• Lisina Serina
• Triptófano Cisteina
• Histidina Asparagina
• Fenilalanina Glutamina
• Isoleucina Tirosina
• Arginina Acido Aspártico
• Metionina Acido Glutámico
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Ureotélicos
Uricotélicos
Amoniotélicos
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PROTEINA EN RUMIANTES CNCPS
FRACCION DEGRADACION
A Inmediata degradación
B1 Rápida degradación (200-300%/H)
B2 Lenta degradación (5-15%/H)
B3 No degradable (0,5-1,5%/H)
C Ligada a la lignina
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CARBOHIDRATOS (4,16 Kcal/g)
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1. Según átomos de Carbono:
• Triosa, tetrosa, pentosa, hexosa, heptosa
2. Según el número de cadenas
• Monosacáridos, disacáridos, oligosacáridos (fructanos), polisacáridos.
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Fraccionamiento de carbohidratos según CNCPS
• FRACCION A: Rápidamente degradable (azúcares)
• FRACCION B1: Media V de degradación (almidón y
pectinas) 90 a 100% degradación
• FRACCION B2: Baja V de degradación (Chos de PC) 50
a 75%
• FRACCION C: Ligada a la fibra (lignina)
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LOS LÍPIDOS (9,45 Kcal/g)
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Acido linoléico conjugado (ALC)
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DEFICIENCIAS DE ÁCIDOS GRASOS
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VITAMINAS
LIPOSOLUBLES
• A (Retinol)
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• D (D2: Ergocalciferol, D3: Colecalciferol)
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• E (alfa tocoferol)
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• K (K1: filoquinina, K2: menaquinona, K3: menadiona)
S
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HIDROSOLUBLES
COMPLEJO B
• Tiamina (B1)
Enzimas del ciclo de Krebs
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• Riboflavina (B2)
En coenzimas FAD y FMN
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• Niacina (ácido nicotínico B3)
En NAD y NADP
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• Acido pantotenico (B5)
En la coenzima A
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• Piridoxina (B6)
Coenzima en el metabolismo de proteínas, N, lípidos, azufre y el hierro
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• Biotina (B8)
Metabolismo de proteínas, lípidos y carbohidratos
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• Cianocobalamina (B12)
Síntesis de coenzimas, unida a folacina, metabolismo de propionato.
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• Folacina (ácido fólico)
Síntesis de a.a, formación de sangre y glóbulos blancos.
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• Colina
Metabolismo de lípidos, lipotrópica. Acetil colina
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• Acido ascórbico (Vit C)
Enzimas de oxido reducción, metabolismo del hierro. Se forma de glucosa.
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EL AGUA
• 40% intracelular
• 6% extracelular
• 54% sistema digestivo y urinario
NUTRIENTE (1 g)
O2 necesario para oxidación (L)
Agua metabólica producida (L)
Carbohidratos
0,83
0,56
Lípidos
2,02
1,07
Proteínas
0,97
0,40
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CONSUMO APROXIMADO POR ESPECIE
TIPO DE ANIMAL
LITROS DÍA Bovinos carne
22 a 66 Vacas tipo leche
38 a 110 Ovejas y cabras
4 a 15
Caballos
30 a 45 Cerdos
11 a 19 Pollos
0,2 a 0,4 Pavos
0,4 a 0,6