zambian traveller

Free cervical cancer screening at the Wusakile and Malcolm Watson Hospitals for over 32,000 women aged between 20 and 65 in the surrounding communities.

MOPANI INTRODUCES FREE CERVICAL CANCER SCREENING

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One of the best home-grown companies forging a fruitful and enduring partnership with Zambia

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First Quantum Minerals has been operating in Zambia since 1997, enduring the lowest copper prices in history to become the nations largest copper producer. First Quantum Minerals currently operates Kansanshi Mine in Solwezi and Bwana Mkubwa Mine in Ndola. The global metals and mining company whose success is rooted in Zambia was recently granted a mining license through its wholly-owned subsidiary Kalumbila Minerals Limited to operate three potential mines Sentinel, Enterprise and Intrepid, collectively called Trident, 120 Kilometres west of Solwezi, North Western Province.

Happy Holidays

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nshi Mine

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mbia

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FE) Best Empl

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o consecutiv

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Canadas top

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In warm appreciation of our fruitful and enduring partnership, we extend our best wishes for a happy holiday season to our esteemed staff, their families, government, business and other imminent partners.

Wishing you happiness during this joyful season, and greater prosperity throughout 2013!!!

Philip Pascall,CEO & Chairman

1 Editor Sean Potter Advertising: Sean Potter Helen Walden George Makulu

Administration: Val Potter

Distribution: Helen Walden George Makulu Moses Chirwe

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Contributors:Cephas SinyangweDan BoylanDavis MulengaDick JonesFirst Quantum MineralsGethsemane MwizabiGeorge MakuluGodfrey MsiskaHumphrey LombeHumphrey NkondeKansanshi Mining plcKate NivisonKonkola Copper MinesLechwe SchoolMopani MiningRoy KausaShapi ShachindaTom CockremT.W. JenkinsZambian Ornithological Society

REpubLiC of South AfRiCASean Potter38 Mandy RoadReuven 2091, Johannesburg, RSA P.O. Box 82117, Southdale 2135, RSATel: +27 (0) 83 522 0144 Fax: +27 (0) 86 517 5972e-mail: [email protected]

ZAmbiA:Copperbelt:Helen WaldenP.O. Box 22255, Kitwe, Zambia.Tel: +260 (0) 21 2 226 378Cell: +260 (0) 977 746 177E-mail: [email protected]:George MakuluP.O. Box 34537, Lusaka, Zambia.Cell: +260 (0) 976 949 219E-mail: [email protected]

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Features4-7 Mopani introduces free cervical cancer screening8-11 Pick up a pomegranate12-13 FQMs Little counsels: Zambia must pivot to greater competitiveness14-15 Exploring Germanys wonderful winelands20 FQMs positive impact in health sector wins Swedish envoy praise 21 FQM injects K500million in sponsor- starved sports22-23 One man one river: David Lemon takes break from Zambezi Cowbell Trek24-25 FQM: Anecdote of Chingola youths leading the way out of illegal mining26-27 Sir Hans Sloane - the man who founded Chelsea and invented milk chocolate28-29 Flamboyant and Jacaranda Blossums Jive30-32 Comaco stops poaching Cartel34-37 Travelling Light? Going Away?40-43 Lovely Lamu - Kenyas Tropical Island Paradise44-45 Grandma Moses: An art feature with a heart warming glow

Regulars2-3 Map of Zambia16 Sudoku, Crossword & Quiz38 Orica Birds of Zambia - The Egyptian Goose46 Financial Page47 Recipe Page48 Crossword & Quiz answers Kids Corner

Cover: MOPAnI InTRODuCES FREE

CERvICAL CAnCER SCREEnInG

Website:www.thezambiantraveller.com

January/February 2013Issue no. 76

Pick up a Pomegranate

Germanys Winelands

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CONTENTS

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One Man One River

Sir Hans Sloane

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Flamboyants & Jacarandas

Comaco stops poachers

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Grandma Moses

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The Zambian Traveller is distributed to tourists, business and professional people within Zambia, surrounding states and from overseas. It is available on board domestic flights within Zambia and on international Zambezi Airlines flights. Presented to both business and tourist visitors to the Republic of Zambia through hotels, embassies, government departments, major companies, ZNTB offices in Lusaka, Pretoria, New York and London. Also distributed via tourist shops and outlets, travel agents and tour operators within the region. Free copies are supplied to advertisers for own circulation. Available on board Luxury coaches to and from Zambia.

Entry Requirements: Foreign Nationals require entry visas, which are available at the point of entry.Vaccinations: Yellow Fever (Compulsory) and Cholera. Anti-malaria precautions are highly recommended.Foreign Currency: There are no restrictions on the importation of foreign currency into Zambia. The only requirement is that all cash and travellers cheques should be declared through customs at point of entry.Capital: LusakaDriving: Left hand side of the road. Legal driving age is 18 years old. All foreigners and visitors are required to carry an international drivers licence.Voltage: 240 volts (square pin plugs).Weight and Measures: Metric system.Time: Difference 2 hours ahead of GMT.International dialling code: (+260), Lusaka 21 (0) 1, Ndola and the Copperbelt 21 (0) 2, Livingstone 21 (0) 3.Airport Departure Tax: International ZMK105,000.00, Internal ZMK42,000.00 Security Tax; ZMK16,000.00 domestic, ZMK25,000.00 InternationalPopulation: Zambia has a population of approximately 13 million (Census 2010)Official Language: EnglishCurrency: Kwacha (ZMK)Major Traditional Exports: Copper and cobalt. Non-Traditional: Primary agricultural and horticultural products, gemstones, timber, electricity, cement and textiles.Major Imports: Crude oil, chemicals and machinery, iron, steel and manufactured goods.

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January/February 2013 Zambian Traveller4

Mopani Copper Mines Plc has introduced free cervical cancer screening at the Wusakile and Malcolm Watson Hospitals for over 32,000 women aged between 20 and 65 in the surrounding communities.

Mopani has decided to invest in the programme as part of its wider CSR initiatives across the surrounding communities. The company understands that regular screening for cervical cancer is crucial in controlling the disease through early detection and treatment.

Speaking at the launch of the Cervical Cancer Screening Center at Wusakile Hospital on 21 November 2012, Danny Callow, the Chief Executive Officer at Mopani, said the burden of cervical cancer in Zambia was too large to be left to government alone. Its for this reason that the company decided to launch cervical cancer screening programme to supplement governments effort aimed at combating the condition. The objective of this programme, therefore, is to increase access to screening services of cervical cancer to all women residing in Kitwe, Mufulira and other surrounding areas at no cost to them.


Continued on pg 6

Mopani Management officials pose for a photo with the First Lady outside the cervical cancer screening centre.

Zambian Traveller January/February 2013 5

Mopani Copper Mines Plc has introduced free cervical cancer screening at the Wusakile and Malcolm Watson Hospitals for over 32,000 women aged between 20 and 65 in the surrounding communities.

Mopani has decided to invest in the programme as part of its wider CSR initiatives across the surrounding communities. The company understands that regular screening for cervical cancer is crucial in controlling the disease through early detection and treatment.

Speaking at the launch of the Cervical Cancer Screening Center at Wusakile Hospital on 21 November 2012, Danny Callow, the Chief Executive Officer at Mopani, said the burden of cervical cancer in Zambia was too large to be left to government alone. Its for this reason that the company decided to launch cervical cancer screening programme to supplement governments effort aimed at combating the condition. The objective of this programme, therefore, is to increase access to screening services of cervical cancer to all women residing in Kitwe, Mufulira and other surrounding areas at no cost to them.


Continued on pg 6

Mopani Management officials pose for a photo with the First Lady outside the cervical cancer screening centre.

Cervical cancer is one of the major public health problems affecting women not only in Zambia but the world at large. According to the World Health Organisation, it is estimated that approximately 500,000 women globally develop cervical cancer every year and almost half of the cases result in deaths. More than 80% of the new cases of the disease occur in developing countries. In this regard, Zambia has been cited as having the second largest rate of cervical cancer in the world with 1,900 cases recorded annually, out of which 68% are fatal. This unfortunate trend can however be reversed drastically if cervical cancer was given the attention it deserved by all stakeholders.

Mopani Copper Mines therefore joins the nation and the world at large in pooling resources to combat cervical cancer. To successfully undertake this programme, Mopani has recruited eleven (11) members of staff on a full time basis to manage the project and has allocated the sum of K1.3 billion kwacha (US$250,000) in the 2013 budget to set up the two cervical cancer screening centres. The service will be made available to over 32,000 women aged between 20 and 65 years across the surrounding communities, said Callow.

The first lady, Dr Christine Kaseba-Sata, has extolled Mopani for coming up with such a fantastic life-saving initiative which she said will go a long way in protecting the lives of women in the country.

It is an established fact that cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths among women especially in Southern Africa, and Zambia in particular, where the negative impact of the disease has been exacerbated by the high prevalence of HIV/AIDS among women.

The good thing is that cervical cancer can be prevented and treated. The initiative by Mopani to introduce cancer screening centres in Kitwe and Mufulira is therefore an excellent and timely intervention because regular cancer screening of our women folk can greatly help reduce the mortalities associated with this medical condition as early detection of cervical cancer is key to its treatment and a guarantee to prolonged life. My appeal therefore to women is to go for regular screening to enable health personnel to detect the disease in its infancy.

I wish therefore to salute and commend Mopani Copper Mines Plc for this humane gesture and for

always coming on board to support Governments efforts in the enhancement of medical services to the community in their areas of operation, said Dr Kaseba.

And speaking on behalf of the women in Kitwe and Mufulira, Mrs. Siwila thanked Mopani for its concern over the plight of women in Zambia and for coming onboard to help combat cervical cancer

which has devastated women in the country. She also applauded the first lady for showing leadership and motherliness in her spirited fight against the disease. She urged all women to get screened and called on other companies to take a leaf from Mopani and join in the fight against the killer disease.

The cervical cancer screening centre has been named after the First Lady, Dr Christine Kaseba-Sata, who has also dedicated it to the women who have died from cervical cancer and those struggling to cope with the disease.

Dr Kaseba unveiling the plague at the cancer screening centre.

Mopani CEO, Danny Callow giving a speech during the launch of the cervical cancer screening centre

Dr Kaseba visiting Children at the Clubfoot Centre During the tour of Wusakile Hospital



By: Kate Nivison

Do you like surprises? Are you on the look-out for something healthy and colourful to perk up your diet? Nows the time to start checking your local market (super or otherwise) for pomegranates. They are in season from February to April in the southern

hemisphere, and will probably have come from South Africa which is leading the rush, in this region at least, to meet a big increase in demand world-wide for these rather odd-looking but fascinating fruit.

Pomegranates are about the size and shape of a large apple. Their outer skin is tinged with an attractive reddish colour but dryish, almost papery, to the touch, while the fruit itself feels hard and heavy in the hand, so it doesnt immediately invite you to take a juicy bite. As with pineapples and coconuts, theres quite a knack to getting at whats inside. Yet over 5,000 years ago, farmers in the Middle East decided that pomegranates were well worth the effort. It is one of the oldest cultivated tree fruits,

and charred remains have turned up in the ruins of early Bronze Age Jericho (Israel) where it had already spread from its place of origin the arid lands of todays Iran. A dried one was found in the tomb of Queen Hatshepsuts butler, so they had obviously found favour with Egypts pharaohs by around 1500 BC. King Solomons crown is said to have been modelled after the woody calyx at the base of the fruit, and they get honourable mentions in the Bible, the Koran and Hindu scriptures.

So what is it about pomegranates that made them so popular among these discerning ancient cultures? One thing dieticians agree on is that people everywhere, and as far back as humans go, just love something sweet. Sugar cane, honey and fruits which surround their hard woody seeds (the pips or stones being normally discarded by humans) with soft sweet flesh are obvious favourites. But the pomegranates style of spreading itself around is slightly different. It is only revealed on ripening, when the outer casing suddenly bursts open. Crammed inside are hundreds of what look like mini red jelly

PICK UP A POMEGRANATE!

This ancient symbol of health and good fortune is fast becoming Southern Africas new Superfruit

King Solomons crown was said to be modelled on the calyx of the fruit.

Flowering pomegranate trees in the Gardens of Cordoba.


For enquiries & reservations call. 0211 250000


sweets just waiting to be popped into the mouth by the handful. These are called arils. They are slightly larger than a plump maize grain and each contains a delicious thirst-quenching hit of juice with an intriguing hint of tartness. As a bonus, added crunch and (and goodness) is provided by one tiny seed per aril.

Naturally the reasoning went that something that looked and tasted so good had to be special a gift from the gods, perhaps, that could do you good as

well. Combine that thought with another characteristic of ancient civilisations the love of symbolism and the pomegranate was bound to be a winner. Red is the colour of health as well as good luck in many Eastern cultures, and all those juicy arils positively bursting out of their casing (250-350 per fruit is quite usual) suggested another ancient fixation fertility. With all that going for it, the pomegranate soon found its way along the trade routes south and west to the Mediterranean lands, and east to along the Silk Road to China. In India in particular, not just the juicy arils, but the pith and even the bark soon found uses in traditional Ayurvedic medicine for everything from dysentery and intestinal parasites to heart and gum tonics and eye-drops.

When it came to cultivating and marketing, the pomegranate had some

other strong points. While growing it from seed was easy enough, taking cuttings was faster and more reliable. The (smallish) trees, once established, were remarkably unfussy about soil type, could tolerate months of drought and would start to bear after only six years. In the days of camel and donkey transport in semi-arid conditions and before refrigeration, the ripe fruit didnt bruise and could be stored for months without spoiling, which gave pomegranates an edge over more obvious luxury soft-fruit competitors, such as peaches and apricots.

From its heartland in the dry plateaux and irrigated gardens of the Middle East, the pomegranate also spread westward with the Arab conquests into North Africa and then to the Moorish province of Andaluca in Spain. It acquired various European names, mostly involving pomme (apple) plus grains (seeds). You will find academic arguments online about this, including the possibility that when hand-grenades first appeared in 17th century warfare, they were so called because they resembled pomegranates in the way they handled and exploded.

When it came to an official Latin name, the tree became Punica granatum to reflect the likelihood that Phoenician traders (anything Punic in the ancient world means Phoenician) had already brought it to North Africa and Spain much earlier than the Arabs. Be that as it may, the ancient city of Granada is named after its wealth of pomegranate orchards. The fruits distinctive shape figures prominently in attractive street dcor and tile work, and elsewhere in Andaluca. It even appears on the manhole covers. It was certainly Arab/Moorish skills with irrigated gardens (vegas) that increased its popularity and spread pomegranate cultivation to Spanish settlements in the Americas. While known for a lot more than its pomegranate juice cocktails, the worlds most famous Sin City, Las Vegas, started its career as simply that irrigated gardens in a patch of otherwise useless desert.

Pomegranates are one of the oldest cultivated fruit trees.

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The redder the better; pomegranates score well for healthy eating.

Each juice aril contains a tiny crunchy seed.

Pomegranates look good on the table, and do you good.

There were still a few centuries to go, however, before the might of American agri-business and marketing turned its full attention to the pomegranate. The change came about because of the dawning realisation that it is quality as much as quantity that matters when it comes to healthy eating. Fresh is better than processed, raw is better than cooked, and anything that ripens red is bound to be full of the latest magic ingredients antioxidents. These help control diseases caused by inflammation and may reduce the risk of various cancers. Such was the excitement when pomegranate juice was tested that some claims of the pomegranates-can-cheat-death variety had to be dealt with firmly by the American Food and Drugs Administration (FDA).

That said, there now seems to be a consensus that pomegranate juice that includes the crushed seeds scores twice as high as its nearest rivals, such as red wine, orange juice and green tea when it comes to providing an adults daily vitamin C requirement, some of the B vitamins and potassium and antioxident/flavonoids. Ironically, this comes at a time when a Spanish company has unveiled a high-tech wonder machine to remove the seeds and aril coating, both of which contain valuable nutrients. But if only half of what is being claimed for chomping the

arils just as they come, getting to grips with fresh pomegranates on regular basis could be a valuable health tonic as well as a juicy, colourful treat for the family.

Its easy once you get the knack. Score the skin/rind five or six times with a sharp knife from stem to calyx. It should then pull open easily as an attractive star or daisy shape. Lay out the aril-covered stars on a plate and watch them disappear. If you have a sudden glut, making juice at home is no fun. Its better to freeze the arils as they are. Just make twice the number of scores, then crack sharply on the base over a bowl of cold water. The arils sink, while the pith and skin float on the top for discarding. Arils look great sprinkled over salads of all kinds, and are now often added when dried to trail mix for healthy snacks. Commercial juice is delicious chilled, half-and-half with red wine, or as a great mixer in cocktails.

If you fancy a little tree of your own, the seeds sprout easily. They are popular in China and Japan for bonsai mini-tree treatment for indoors or balconies, and have pretty, scarlet-to-orange, hibiscus-like flowers. But if you are in it for the long haul, beg a cutting from a neighbours tree or go for one already rooted from a nursery. These will tolerate most soils except waterlogged conditions, and even short periods down to -10 C at night. A resting period of drought is actually essential for fruiting, but in semi-arid areas extra water is appreciated in the hot season.

The Cape area of South Africa is leading the way in the southern hemisphere for this healthy and profitable crop, and Australia is catching on fast. Both have a long way to go before they catch India, the top producer at around 1.6 million tons a year more than twice its nearest rival, Iran, where the story of this remarkable fruit began. But there are many areas in Southern Africa where pomegranates could be grown commercially with a little seasonal irrigation, or at home, for good health and enjoyment.


Q: What is your reaction to the planned introduction of an integrated framework to monitor all mineral exports and proceeds?

A: As long as it does not introduce a bureaucratic bottle-neck in the production and shipping process, we have no concerns. However, if the process suggested creates substantial bureaucracy, this will eventually create costs and slow down realisation of profits. There is a fine balance to be struck.

Within that context, please allow me to make a telling observation. There is often a misconception that the way to reduce untoward activities and associated corruption is with more bureaucracy in fact without bureaucracy it is almost impossible for corruption to occur.

Q: Government has proposed to apply transfer pricing rules to interest made on payments by mining companies. How is this likely to affect you?

A: We have recently announced development of the Trident project in North Western Province, and substantial upgrades to Kansanshi, resulting in expenditure in Zambia of nearly US$4bn (K20tn). Some of this expenditure is financed by debt, and the result of the proposed changes will make it more expensive for us to finance these projects, and they will be less profitable as a result of any increase in the cost of debt.

Q: Government has proposed to increase withholding tax rate on earnings to non-residents for management or consultancy fees and royalties to 20 percent from 15 percent. What is your comment?

A: All of the mines have to rely on external consultants and specialists. Generally speaking, they are loathe to accept any Zambian taxes, and so the mine ends up bearing the cost of the tax. An increase like this will simply flow through to the cost of mining and reduce profitability in Zambia.

Q: What would you say about the government proposal to make it a requirement for tax incentives to be granted only when the investor meets their obligation of employment creation for Zambians?

A: We would support a move towards eradicating special tax incentives for specific mines. We support a tax system which is applied equally and consistently to all mines in Zambia. For the government to really seriously tackle the task of job creation it first needs to make it easier for companies to start and run in this country. Zambia recently lost 10 places on the list of countries in terms of ease of doing business. Kansanshi Mine has been delayed in its efforts to build a new township with affordable housing and schooling for its employees and other residents of Solwezi. This project will create hundreds of jobs once the government helps to clear away some small vested interests that are preventing job creation from happening.

Adam Little, Head of Tax at First Quantum Minerals (FQM), talks about the 2013 Budget, and the need for enhanced competitiveness.

FQMs Little counsels: Zambia must pivot to greater competitiveness

It is good for government to insist on value addition for as long as the fundamentals of ease of doing business were enhanced rather than diminished.

Zambian Traveller

Adam Little - Head of TaxFirst Quantum Minerals

Q: More broadly, what are the major challenges for mining in Zambia, and what would you suggest to overcome these challenges?

A: Many countries in Africa are land-locked, and in the case of Zambia, we are double land-locked in terms of access to most ports. This makes it very difficult for the country to be cost competitive, as the border transfers add to costs both of imports and exports.

This factor makes it even more important for cooperation between the countries in the region. The recently initiated one stop shop customs clearance at Chirundu has been a great success in speeding up movements at that border. Hopefully this success can be replicated at all border crossings.

We humbly suggest that the real ability of a country to create wealth and jobs is through encouraging the private sector to invest and set up operations in the country. Such companies can only succeed in an enabling environment. This is very clearly illustrated by the success of a country such as Singapore on average it takes 35 seconds to clear a container entering or leaving the country. Their objective is to quickly

bring raw materials into the country add value and quickly get the products to market.

This compares to the time of 72 hours on average that a container might take to get cleared at border crossings to get into Zambia.

Q: Does the concept of value addition appeal to mining players?

A: It is good for government to insist on value addition for as long as the fundamentals of ease of doing business were enhanced rather than diminished. Eliminating restrictions to access financing to fund projects related to value addition is one possible way this could happen.

It may be of interest to know that the one country that has recently used its copper industry to pull up its entire economy has been Chile. A significant proportion of Chiles copper is exported in the form of concentrate because the greatest area of value addition for a copper mine is mining the ore and upgrading it to concentrate. The economics of smelting concentrate and of final fabrication of copper products (wire or tube) are very poor unless there

is a market for such products on your doorstep.

Q: What do you say about the labour-related problems facing the mining sector in South Africa?

A: We believe that the South African mining industry is in a different position to the Zambian mining industry, and we sincerely believe that there is no need for the type of tragic confrontation that we have recently seen in South Africa. South Africa has completely missed the last two mining booms, due largely to the problems associated with labour relations and also to the uncertainly of ownership raised by talks of nationalisation. The effect of this on the entire South African economy has been catastrophic, which has seen the country decline from a position where it contributed 40% of Africas total GDP to less than 20% in just 18 years. As a result all South Africans are now poorer than they were a decade ago. In the meantime other African countries, Zambia included, with more balanced relationships, have enjoyed the boom times with a material rise in living standards across most of the continent.

Construction work under way at Sentinel Mine that will be operated by Kalumbila Minerals Limited (KML), a wholly-owned First Quantum Minerals (FQM) subsidiary. The mine, located in Senior Chief Museles area at Kalumbila in Solwezi is the first of three potential mines at Trident, FQMs new large-scale mining project.

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Richard Rhys Jones almost missed the boat on a Rhine River cruise

The industrial city of Stuttgart was the departure point for a combined road-and-river tour of Germanys enchanting Rhineland-Palatinate winelands that took our group of tourists to historic towns, fairy tale castles and vast vineyards climbing up steep hills.

As most people know, Rhineland is wineland, for this state of four million inhabitants is responsible for two-thirds of Germanys wine production, and visitors tend to leave as confirmed wine lovers, even if they werent on arrival.

But for me, this trip sticks in the memory as one that almost ended soon after it began. After travelling from Stuttgart, the coach stopped at a riverside jetty and we were told to wait for the arrival of the Rhine cruise ship. I decided to quickly visit a public toilet next to the jetty, but it smelt as though the entire Eighth Army had relieved themselves in there, and an old man in gumboots was busy hosing it down. I walked back to use the toilet in the coach, but afterwards discovered I was trapped and couldnt get out because the driver (unaware that I was inside) had locked the coach door. Luckily, my wife came looking for me, found me wildly gesticulating at the rear window, and called the driver to release me. We ran onto the boat just before the gangplank was raised.

River cruising is such a pleasant way to view the constantly-changing passing scenery and there is a sense of connecting with a 1 233-km-long river that for centuries has been the main artery for the transportation of people and goods between the Swiss Alps and the Netherlands. Barges carrying goods chugged busily by in both directions as we entered the Rhine Gorge and safely steered past the Lorelei rocks on the port side where, according to legend, a beautiful maiden sang siren songs to lure ships and sailors to their doom. Even today, the rocks can be a challenge for inexperienced navigators.

On both banks of the river the steep hills were covered in grape vines interspersed with magnificent ancient castles. There are more than 40 castles and ancient fortifications along the Romantic Rhine, some occupied and some in ruins. After the Romans invaded they kept eight legions in five bases along the river, and

the remains of some of these forts can still be seen.

Our ship drew alongside the jetty of picturesque Rudesheim on the east bank of the river and we disembarked to view Germanys second most popular tourist attraction after Cologne Cathedral. Its a charming wine-making town at the foot of the Niederwald with beautifully-decorated restaurants on either side of the main pedestrianised cobblestone street where brass bands play dance music day and night in the summer. The town is usually packed with tourists during the July wine festival, when a wine queen and her two princesses are chosen from the local maidens, and even during the autumn month of October when I was there it was quite crowded.

Another great attraction is the Lorelei Glockenspiel (built in 1729) on the tower of Rudesheimer Castle, whose many carillon bells play a tune on the hour every hour between 10 a.m. and 10 p.m. There is also a fascinating museum exhibiting the musical instruments of four centuries, from music boxes to trombones.

Back on the miniature cruise liner we sailed sedately along for several more kilometres until the ship docked at Bacharach on the west bank of the wide river and we were ushered onto the tour coach by the driver/tourist guide. The remainder of the tour highlighted the history and scenic wonders of several towns, each with a charm and character of its own.

We were treated to a short tour of Saarbrucken, capital of the neighbouring state of Saarland which nestles between France, Luxembourg and Rhineland-Palatinate. Its rich coalfields and iron ore were a bone of contention between France and Germany for more than a century, causing the city to change rulers regularly, and this has given its 250 000 citizens a typical Franco-German way of life.

It was fortunate that the medieval district of St. Johns, with its church and quaint houses clustered around the old market square, escaped Allied bombing during World War II. The most memorable local attraction is the 13th century Gothic Church of St. Arnual, now amongst the most important historical monuments in Germany. Situated opposite the house where Dr Albert Schweitzer lived before his missionary years in West Africa, its dark grey exterior stonework belies the colourful tombs of ancient royalty lining the interior walls, all of them realistic replicas of the men and women who lived more than 500 years ago. Most of the sepulchres are in a vertical position but an exception is the tomb of Elizabeth of Lorraine (1395-1456), Countess of Nassau-Saarbrucken, who was a pioneer of the German novel during her lifetime.

From Speyer we headed for Luxembourg City, a commune with a city status. Its the capital of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg and the seat of several European Union institutions, including the Court of Justice, the European Investment Bank and the Secretariat of the European Parliament. Founded at the intersection of two Roman roads, it was ruled in turn by the Romans,

EXPLORING GERMANYS WONDERFUL WINELANDS

Castles among the steep hillside vineyards of the Romantic Rhine.


Burgundians, Spanish, French, Austrians, Prussians and the Dutch.

When Grand Duke William III died in 1890 without any male heirs, the Duchy passed out of Dutch hands into an independent line under Grand Duke Adolphe, and Luxembourg became fully independent. Despite declaring neutrality, it was occupied by the Germans in both world wars.

Luxembourg is famous for its wide selection of cuisines and restaurants, and the American Cemetery and Memorial is the resting place of 5 076 military dead, including General George Patton.

Only 15 km from the Luxembourg border is Trier, another very old German town built on a plateau overlooking the Moselle River, a tributary of the Rhine. The Imperial Baths were commissioned by Emperor Constantine in 300 AD, but the most impressive reminder of Triers Roman past is the 12th century Porta Nigra (Black Gate), the best-preserved Roman city gate north of the Alps. The imposing Constantine Basilica, a 220-foot-long throne hall used by Emperor Constantine, is now a Protestant church, and the grand Roman Catholic Trier Cathedral houses the Holy Tunic, a garment said to be worn by Jesus when he died.

Triers most famous son was Karl Marx, born there in 1818. The captivating Karl Marx Museum houses his personal history, original letters, photographs and rare first editions of his works. Near the Porta Nigra our tourist guide pointed out an apartment block where the

Marx family lived in the early 1800s, but a McDonalds fast food outlet now incongruously occupies the ground floor of this historic building.

In Homburg, 36 km from Saarbrucken, tourists can explore the excavated remains of an entire Roman settlement. Also worth a visit are Europes largest sandstone caves in a hill above the town. Residents lived in the Schlossberg Caves to escape Allied bombs during World War II and the furniture they used can still be seen.

Homburg is famous for the formal felt hat characterised by a single dent running down the middle of the crown and a stiff brim shaped in a kettle curl. The Homburg hat was popularised by the dapper King Edward VII of England after he visited Germany in the early 1900s. Much later, Al Pacino wore a Homburg in the movie The Godfather and it was dubbed The Godfather Hat.

After Homburg, our coach headed for the city of Speyer, dominated by the impressive 12th century Speyer Cathedral. Completed in 1111 AD, it was the largest church of its time and is the burial site of eight Holy Roman emperors and German kings. Speyer boasts a realistic monument to the 500 Roman legionnaires

who defended the city after it was established in 10 BC on one of the main routes along the Rhine.

In 1529, the Imperial Diet met in Speyer and the majority agreed that the 1521 Imperial ban on Martin Luther and his followers should stand. The resolution outraged the evangelical princes and Imperial towns who drew up a letter of protest and presented it to Emperor Charles V. This Protestation at Speyer caused a split in the Christian church and is considered the birth of Protestantism in Germany. Members of Luthers Reformation Movement were thereafter known as Protestants.

Back in Stuttgart, the tour ended with a visit to the Mercedes-Benz Museum and its intriguing collection of 160 vehicles, ranging from the first Daimler to use spark plugs in 1886 to impressive models owned by the worlds rich and famous. It is the only museum in the world that can exhibit in a continuous timeline more than 125 years of auto industry history from its beginnings to the present day.

Not surprisingly, this very modern museum attracts almost one million visitors every year.

Homburgs Schlossberg Caves sheltered German citizens in World War II.

Karl Marx lived in apartments close to the Porta Nigra in Trier, his birthplace.

The tomb of Elizabeth of Lorraine is watched over by other royalty in the Gothic Church of St Arnual, Saarbrucken.


HOw tO pLay SudOkuYou have to fill in the missing numbers on the grid so that each horizontal row, vertical column and 3 x 3 square contains the numbers 1 to 9 without leaving out or repeating any number.

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GeneraL knOwLedGe Quiz1. EuroDisney was built in which country?2. What is the main airport in Germany?3. What does the F stand for in FBI?4. Which Jane starred in Klute and Nine To Five?5. Who directed Apocalypse Now?6. Charles de Gaulle was President of which European country?7. What went before Ties in the sitcom which had over 160 episodes?8. Boris Karloff starred as which monster in one of the first horror movies?9. How many brothers were in the original Jackson family line up?10. Who led the communist revolution in Cuba?11. The Channel Tunnel links England with which European country?12. What does a carpophagus animal feed on?13. What was the name of the Russian goldsmith who became famous for his jeweled eggs?14. Who created the Mars bar?15. Who was the first Briton to win the US Open tennis title?16. Which language apart from English is an official language of Canada?17. A cow normally has how many teats?

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years in seven phases that started with the fee paying ward followed by the new administration block.

The upgraded hospital will have a huge positive impact in Solwezi, and the entire North Western Province, and it is another vivid example of how FQM is ensuring that benefits from the mineral wealth of the nation flow in a significant and sustainable manner to all Zambians.

In a related development, the Swedish envoy called on accredited diplomats in Zambia to travel in the hinterland to deepen their understanding and responses to social and economic opportunities and challenges as the nations economy expands with mining being the main driver of the growth.

Nordstroms trip to North Western Province included a tour of Kansanshi Mine, a subsidiary of FQM in which it holds a stake of 80 percent while the remaining20 percent is held by ZCCH-IH.

SWEDISH ambassador Lena Nordstrom has commended First Quantum Minerals (FQM) in its efforts to enhance quality and affordable healthcare for Zambians, noting that her countrys development support to Zambia also had a huge focus in the same sector.

The Swedish envoy said: The purpose of my trip to Solwezi was to see where the economic growth was taking place and to discuss with mining companies to learn about activities and projects. FQMs support to upgrade Solwezi General Hospital will serve as a huge step for people of North Western Province to access quality and affordable healthcare.

She added: Sweden has cooperated with Zambia in many areas including health since 1970s, and want to commit more support towards maternal and child health. Of course, a modernised hospital here in Solwezi will be very critical in that quest.

The K11 billion upgrade of the hospital, a brainchild of FQM, has advanced with the fee paying wing completed while the administration block reached roof level.

Gertrude Musunka, FQM Health Programmes Coordinator said: The upgrade started in October 2011 and is expected to be completed in five

Above) From left, Alan Delaney, Kansanshi Mine Assistant General Manager with Lena Nordstrom, Swedish Ambassador to Zambia when she toured Zambias largest copper producer by output. (Below) Work in progress: Construction team working on the nearly completed new administration block at Solwezi General Hospital.

Zambian Traveller

FQMs positive impact in health sector wins Swedish envoy praise

Godfrey Msiska, Kansanshi Mine Public Relations Manager hands over a K45 million package of players kit for the Rugby National Team to Chishimba Kambwili, Youth & Sports Minister.

Football icons have been around for many years. What about a tennis king? The same can be asked about a scrabble champion and a top-notch national rugby team.

FQM injects K500million in sponsor-starved sports


Top: Victorious Team Nigeria at the 2012 Africa Scrabble Championship held in Livingstone, Zambia.ABoVE: Vital serve: With the support of FQM, tennis in Zambia aims to recapture the glory days.

That might be a reality in the near-future - thanks to the more than K500 million invested in sponsor-starved sports such as tennis, scrabble and rugby by the London, Toronto and Lusaka-listed metals and mining company, First Quantum Minerals (FQM).

FQM has invested in excess of K5 billion in sports development in the last few years. Part of that investment has helped to spur the success of Zambias number one sport soccer through funding operations of the Football Association of Zambia (FAZ), and ensuring that the football-crazy Zambians followed the action from the crucial qualifiers to the final whistle of the 32 games played at the 2012 AFCON Championship co-hosted by Guinea and Gabon, says General Kingsley Chinkuli, FQM Country Manager.

We believe that FQMs support of other less-sponsored sports such as scrabble, tennis, rugby and others will act as a huge catalyst to replicate the success of soccer in other disciplines, and ultimately inculcate the culture of a winning nation.

Within the context of a deep-seated practice of maximising benefits and opportunities for people in communities where FQM operates, the mining company highlighted specific benefits it has provided to low-profile sports: Rugby has in the last few years enjoyed financial support running in hundreds of millions of Kwacha, the latest being a K45 million package of players kit; The Scrabble Association of

Zambia, aided by FQMs K52 million sponsorship, successfully hosted the Africa Scrabble Championship in 2012; Zambia Open Tennis Championship returned to Zambia after an absence of two decades in part, thanks to the more than K20 million sponsorship from Kansanshi Mine, co-owned by FQM and ZCCM-IH; womens golf and others got the much needed financial boost, too.

Chishimba Kambwili, Youth & Sports Minister lauded FQM for spearheading sports development: Zambias sports progress, through the financial support of companies like Kansanshi Mine, will be significant and substantive.

General Kingsley Chinkuli,FQM Country Manager

Zambian Traveller

Football icons have been around for many years. What about a tennis king? The same can be asked about a scrabble champion and a top-notch national rugby team.

FQM injects K500million in sponsor-starved sports


Top: Victorious Team Nigeria at the 2012 Africa Scrabble Championship held in Livingstone, Zambia.ABoVE: Vital serve: With the support of FQM, tennis in Zambia aims to recapture the glory days.

That might be a reality in the near-future - thanks to the more than K500 million invested in sponsor-starved sports such as tennis, scrabble and rugby by the London, Toronto and Lusaka-listed metals and mining company, First Quantum Minerals (FQM).

FQM has invested in excess of K5 billion in sports development in the last few years. Part of that investment has helped to spur the success of Zambias number one sport soccer through funding operations of the Football Association of Zambia (FAZ), and ensuring that the football-crazy Zambians followed the action from the crucial qualifiers to the final whistle of the 32 games played at the 2012 AFCON Championship co-hosted by Guinea and Gabon, says General Kingsley Chinkuli, FQM Country Manager.

We believe that FQMs support of other less-sponsored sports such as scrabble, tennis, rugby and others will act as a huge catalyst to replicate the success of soccer in other disciplines, and ultimately inculcate the culture of a winning nation.

Within the context of a deep-seated practice of maximising benefits and opportunities for people in communities where FQM operates, the mining company highlighted specific benefits it has provided to low-profile sports: Rugby has in the last few years enjoyed financial support running in hundreds of millions of Kwacha, the latest being a K45 million package of players kit; The Scrabble Association of

Zambia, aided by FQMs K52 million sponsorship, successfully hosted the Africa Scrabble Championship in 2012; Zambia Open Tennis Championship returned to Zambia after an absence of two decades in part, thanks to the more than K20 million sponsorship from Kansanshi Mine, co-owned by FQM and ZCCM-IH; womens golf and others got the much needed financial boost, too.

Chishimba Kambwili, Youth & Sports Minister lauded FQM for spearheading sports development: Zambias sports progress, through the financial support of companies like Kansanshi Mine, will be significant and substantive.

General Kingsley Chinkuli,FQM Country Manager

Zambian Traveller



After walking some 1800km following the Zambezi River from its source at Ikelengi in Zambias Northwestern Province David Lemon has now taken a break from his epic exploration of Africas fourth longest river. He made up his mind when he reached Siavonga, a Zambian resort town on the Northern banks of the largest manmade Lake Kariba.

There are several factors that have led to David to suspend his ambitious mission, mainly the lack of nutririon and the weight he lost. He will resume his journey in 2014 from where he left off in Siavonga, I thought I would probably die if I carried on from Siavonga, he said. He has now returned to England where he would document his interactions with the people of the valley.

When, he embarked of historical journey back in April of 2012, he did not foresee all the challenges facing him, especially in the Zambezi escarpment where temperatures sometime reach 44C. There was no way to escape the heat. His shoes got worn and his body became weary. He made the decision to suspend the expedition as his body could not

take the battering after walking such a long distance along the Zambezi. He fell several times and had lost three cameras along the way.

The gorges, valleys and mountains turned out to be a nightmare for the 68 year old adventurer, who began his epic journey the Zambezi Cowbell Trek in April. It was justifiable that he suspend his ambitious trek to walk the entire length of the Zambezi River. Unlike other parts of Zambia where the land is flat, the Zambezi escarpment can be very cruel. It was a hard decision to terminate the journey as Cowbell Zambezi Trek generated a lot of interest in the Southern African region and beyond African shores.

Southern Africas weather conditions are no stranger to him. But it had been over 20 year since David left Southern Africa to live in the United Kingdom. Coming down in April of 2012 to embark on the Zambezi exploration, which he had been planning for months, was something he knew was going to be difficult, yet meaningful and historical.

Andy Taylor, managing director for Promasidor, the company sponsoring David said We think he has made the right decision as he needs to go and regain his energy and strength to make a fresh comeback. Mr Taylor, who picked David up in Siavonga was proud of the fact that the explorer made such significant progress, as it is no joke to walk over 1800 km

David then visited the David Shepherd Wildlife Orphanage in Lilayi where he interacted and fed baby elephants with Cowbell milk. The main purpose of his journey has been to highlight the plight of elephants in Southern Africa.

It goes without saying, that his expedition has been eventful every step of the way. He had to

One man one river:

David Lemon takes break from Zambezi Cowbell Trek

One of the places where David slept in the valley when night caught up with him

By Gethsemane Mwizabi


punch seven extra holes on his leather belt. At the start of his ambitious trek, he was weighed 93kg but has now lost 26kg of that weight.

Due the unfriendly terrain of the Zambezi Escarpment he could only walk 3km per day on average. In Western province he covered 10km, the most in one single day. He had to throw off some his baggage to travel lighter.

At one point, north of Livingstone, as nightfall caught up with him and he couldnt find a decent surface to camp, he had to curl up and sleep on a 1.5 metre flat rock in one of the gorges. From Zambias tourist capital he had to cross 10 small rivers before reaching Lake Kariba. The terrain was extremely rough and had steep, nail-biting climbs and descents where falling could well have proved fatal. Challenges where expected and the dangers of the terrain really took a toll on him.

Other dangers being faced when walking the Zambezi is always crocodiles and mosquitoes. Crocodiles are numerous in all sections of the river and there are a number of different malarial mosquitoes throughout the region. Prophylactics has to be taken for the mosquitoes and a wary eye kept out for crocodiles when anywhere near the river.

The Zambezi is the Africas fourth-longest river empties into the Indian Ocean at a settlement called Chinde in Mozambique. The 3,540 kilometre river (2,200 miles) has its source at Mwinilunga in the north western corner of Zambia and flows through Angola, along the borders of Namibia, Botswana, into Zambia where it borders Zimbabwe then on to Mozambique, where it empties into the Indian Ocean.

Back in England David will write about the various people of the valley. He will also learn some Portuguese to help him communicate the people of Mozambique where the Zambezi River empties into the Indian Ocean at Chinde.

David is aware that the remaining half of his journey could even be tougher as the terrain in Mozambique is an unknown factor. He is thinking of changing his diet for the second leg of journey. I will to see a nutritionist to find out what diet I should adopt, as I was losing weight too fast, said David.

When he arrives back at Easter of 2014, he would be joined by a group of Zambians in Siavonga who will accompany him for part of the way.

David at the David Shepherd Wildlife OrphanageDavid feeds a baby elephant at the an elephant

orphanage in Lusakas Lilayi area

On the phone before departure at Simon Mwansa Kapwepwe

airport The valley where David traversed following the Zambezi


Konkola CopperMines plc

THROUGH a journey of self-discovery, 22-year old Suzyo Kumwenda is focusing on a future of unlimited possibilities. Suzyo, an ex-illegal miner in Chingola, has flipped to a new profitable page in life. Suzyo is a role model for several Chingola youths, who had fallen prey to a syndicate of copper thieves commonly known as Jerabos, a clich for 'Jail-boy' or 'ex-convict.' As Suzyo pursues a 3-year Diploma in Clinical Medicine, at the Kafue Institute of Health Sciences and Research (KIHSR) near the capital city Lusaka, his bold decision to abandon illegal mining is impacting on his peers hundreds of kilometres away in the mining town of Chingola. Suzyo's colleague Christopher Chola, aged 25, also an ex-illegal miner has a desire to enter into law school by 2014. Suzyo is our leader, he has inspired all of us Chola told Konkola Copper Mines (KCM) Chairman Navin Agarwal and Chief Executive Officer Jeyakumar Janakaraj recently. This strong point is shared by reformed 20-year old Davies Sinyangwe, who is also working hard to accomplish his wish to become a Mechanical Engineer. Davies went back to pursue his secondary education at Kabundi High School in Chingola. KCM and other mines have persistently fought to rid some of their assets of illegal mining, which police say is being driven by the selfish desires of the Jerabos. Enhanced policing around its Nchanga Open Pits by KCM police officers and Zambia Police has scored many successes so far. However, the model to empower the youths through the Youth Talent Club, which is being funded by KCM and implemented by the Development Aid from People to People (DAPP), is impacting positively on youth behaviour. Suzyo is credited by many youths as the leader for change in the entire matrix. I became irresponsible when I was in Grade 11 in 2007 and a friend of mine introduced me to the Jerabos. I joined the group of copper thieves because of some challenges I faced as a single orphan, recounts the medium-built Suzyo as his eyes spin with remorse.

Anecdote of Chingola youths leading the way out of illegal mining!

Although his ill-gotten cash from selling pilfered copper ore enabled Suzyo to buy food and cover other expenses, he recounts the undertaking was too risky and the money inadequate to count for a decent life. Additionally, it just kept eating-off his conscience.

PATIENCE IS A VIRTUE Accordingly, he learned one secret in life, 'rush not.' It pays to wait patiently, if something is meant to be yours, the best is to wait and it will surely come rather than forcing matters. I got into illegal mining because of my being impatient, my involvement with the 'Jerabo-life' was because I needed quick money, Suzyo says. We used to go into the pits around 19:00 hours every day after school and went back home after midnight... it was very dangerous Suzyo recounts a touching experience one night when his colleague died instantly after being trapped in the tunnels.

Even though I feared for my life, I had no option but to continue, says Suzyo, who wasted three years in the illegal and dangerous activity. Suzyo initially thought there was nothing else he could do apart from straying into the Nchanga open-pits. But soon he realised there was a better life elsewhere and he credits his friend Chris Musonda for introducing him to the Youth Talent Club. As Chris started telling me about the Youth Talent Club

It pays to wait patiently, if something is meant to be yours, the best is to wait and it will surely come rather than forcing matters. I got into illegal mining because of my being impatient...

Suzyo Kumwenda studying

and the benefits of joining the club, I never believed his story because it looked like a waste of time. I saw stone-picking as a very lucrative business, says Suzyo. As his friend persisted, Suzyo visited the Youth Talent Club and was part of a seminar overwhelmingly attended by reform-minded youths.

POOLING RESOURCES TO FOSTER CHANGEOne day I decided to follow him to the club, and we were taught how to manage businesses. That time, I was at cross-roads not knowing which way to go whether to continue with picking stones or start-up my own 'clean' business, says Suzyo. In February 2011, Suzyo and nine other youths received a K3 million DAPP soft-loan. This amount was not enough to start-up a meaningful business and the 10 youths consented to form two groups of five each. Suzyo and four others pooled their K1.5 million total capital to start a chicken rearing business, while the other group started a kiosk business. We started with 100 chicks, and after selling the chickens, we moved to 150 chicks, Suzyo explains. A few months later, three of the group members quit and got into formal employment. Soon after that Suzyo was running the business alone. I made some reasonable cash, which I managed to save. I had some challenges but I did not succumb to the difficulties, he says.As time progressed, Suzyo's mother handed him an

acceptance letter from the Kafue institute and his K3 million savings and a K1 million bonus from his mother was enough to pay fees for his tertiary education. Suzyo's strong desire to be in school tallied with his mother's wish for the son's better education. So when mummy gave me the acceptance letter, I

looked at it as a blessing and accepted it whole-heartedly, he says. Though in school, Suzyo has not abandoned the chicken business back home.

.We used to go into the pits around 19:00 hours every day after school and went back home after midnight... it was very dangerous... Even though I feared for my life, I had no option but to continue!

My sister is in charge of the business. I cannot afford to stop the business because it is the only means of raising funds to pay for my school fees. Suzyo's determination has inspired Chola to open a bank account.

A LEADER IN THE MAKING I have managed to save K9 million, says Chola, whose talent for artistic crafts made using paper, beads, cassava, glue, wood and grass earns him a minimum of K60,000 per artefact. Chola says he has managed to construct a two-roomed

house on his mother's plot in Chingola's Kapisha residential area. We were used like slaves by the Jarabos, Chola

recalls. I want to tell my fellow youths that it is unprofitable to engage in illegal mining. At the centre of the Youth Talent Club is the selfless

widow Ireen Chola, a DAPP Section Leader in Kapisha, who recruits the youths in the club. KCM, which has spent K450 billion on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) programmes in the last six years, finances the DAPP to implement numerous sustainable livelihood programmes. These programmes have changed the lives of many youths, men and women in its areas of operation Nampundwe, Chingola, Chililabombwe and Kitwe. I have one son and I would not want him to be involved in illegal mining because it is extremely dangerous. As a result, I help the youths to change their lifestyle by encouraging them to pursue something profitable in life, she says. She is our mother-figure! exclaims Davies Sinyangwe, the changed Grade 11 Kabundi High School student. Above all, I thank KCM that they have this programme for the youths, which is truly changing our lives. Suzyo summarises thus, nothing will stop me from achieving my goals! Reading Suzyo's mind creates a strong impression of a leader that will impact young people for generations to come. Courtesy of the Zambia Daily Mail

Ireen Chola the Youth Talent Club mother-figure

Members of the Youth Talent Club display their art-facts during an exhibition at Nchanga cricket Club in Chingola.


as a medicine for digestive and consumptive illnesses. `Theobrama cacao turned out to be a nice little earner.

Sloane also promoted the use of quinine, investing money in the purchase of `Cinchona Succiruba, the Peruvian bark from which it is obtained. This, too, proved to be a shrewd move, when he returned to London, a city rife with diseases such as cholera, small pox and malaria, the quinine he had amassed added to his fortune when used in the treatment of such ills. He advocated inoculation for the prevention and treatment of small pox at a time when it was not universally acknowledged.

Sloanes other, more significant acquisition in Jamaica was Elizabeth Rose, the rich widow of another doctor and plantation owner who, when they both returned to England, became his wife. With an income of X1,000 pa and a marriage settlement from her first husband of

The Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea covers ti%-e square miles of prime London real estate, much of which is located in conservation areas. Many embassies are based there, along with numerous historical and cultural landmarks, such as the Natural History and Victoria and Albert museums. Quite a few of its thoroughfares - Sloane Square, Sloane Street, Sloane Terrace, Hans Place, Hans Crescent, Hans Road (and there was at one time a Hans Town), are named after one man, Sir Hans Sloane (1660-1753), who can claim to be founder of the Chelsea we know today.

Sloane was born in County Down, Ireland in 1606, the year the English Civil War ended and the monarchy was restored under Charles IL He moved to England at 19 to study medicine at the Apothecaries Hall, having himself suffered from what was possibly tuberculosis in his midteens. His medical studies were continued in France where he was granted his degree of Doctor in Medicine in 1683. In 1684 he returned to London. The year 168 saw not only the death of Charles II and the succession of his brother, the Duke of York as James II, but also Sloane became a Fellow of the Royal Society at 25. Young Hans was on his way up the ladder of success.

This continued when he was appointed Personal Physician to Christopher Monck, 2nd Duke of Albemarle, who was Governor of Jamaica. Having survived the hazardous three month journey on the frigate `Assistance, Sloanes time on the island was of crucial importance to him for, while there, he indulged his passion for collecting and amassed about 800 plants, enough to furnish his work on `The Natural History of Jamaica when he returned to England in 1689.

One of the plants he collected was `Theobroma Cacao from which we get chocolate. Sloane had observed native women give it, mixed with their own milk, to their young children as a drink. On returning to England, the recipe was eventually developed, marketed as `Sir Hans Sloanes Milk Chocolate and sold

SIR HANS SLOANE - THE MAN WHO FOUNDED CHELSEA AND INVENTED MILK CHOCOLATE

By: Terence Jenkins

A playful memorial to those orphaned children who attended the nearby charity school in Hans Town


Sir Hans Sloane tornb in Chelsea Old Church graveyard

X10,000 (a huge sum in those days), she proved a fine catch for the young, aspiring doctor and collector.

They set up home in Bloomsbury and so successful was Sloane in his medical practice that he was appointed Physician to Queen Anne and, eventually, to her successors, George I and George II. Although he was becoming richer, Sloane did not lack a social conscience and when he was appointed Physician in Charge of Christs Hospital, he returned his annual salary of X30 to help those more in need. Although he became President of the College of Physicians, governor of many of the London hospitals and Physician General to the Army, he found time to hold a free surgery for the destitute each morning.

Although he lived in Bloomsbury, in 1713 Sloane bought the Manor of Chelsea from Lord Cheyne. For this he acquired 180 acres of land and buildings and Chelsea Place, the manor house, as befitted a man who, in 1716, was made a baronet. The manor had originally belonged to King Henry VIII and was where his wives, Katherine Howard, Catherine Parr and Anne of Cleeves had lived. Sloane later bought Beaufort House, Sir Thomas Moores home, and land along the Thames. In 1722 he ceded to the Apothecaries the Chelsea Physic Garden for a nominal fee of ,C5 pa. Sloane himself had begun his

career with the Apothecaries so it was perhaps fitting that he helped ensure the survival of this important centre of study and education.

Sloane kept distinguished company. For many years he was Secretary to the Royal Society and as such mingled with the foremost men of the age of enlightenment. Sir Isaac Newton was President for 24 years and on his death in 1727 Sloane became his successor. Samuel Pepys was his friend, he entertained Handel to tea, and the Swedish scientist Linnaeus came to visit.

While in Bloomsbury, Sloane continued collecting and so large did his collection become that he had to buy the house next door to accommodate it. Eventually, it numbered over 80,000 items, including books, plants, pictures, minerals and animals: he had a whales skeleton, works by Alberta Durer and the famous Vegetable Lamb of Tartary, which proved not to he an animal but a rhizone of a fern.

Sloane offered the collection to the nation and in 17,53 the British Museum Act was passed to buy it for X20,000. It became the nucleus of this world famous museum. Later many items went from it to help found the Natural History Museum and the British Library so not only was Sloane, by buying and developing property, responsible for modern Chelsea but we also owe him a debt for three of our great cultural institutions.

In 1724 Elizabeth Sloane died, aged 64, and fifteen years later, in 1739, Sloane was struck down with some form of paralysis, from which he never fully recovered. In 1742 he moved from Bloomsbury to his Manor House in Chelsea. He was to be its last occupant, it was demolished after his death. The Old Manor House garden still lies beyond Cheyne Mews, containing mulberry tress planted by Queen Elizabeth I, a fact that Sloane himself, with his interest in all things natural, appreciated.

This statue of Sir Hans Sloane stands in what was `Hans Town, another part of Chelsea earned after him, but which is now covered by what was once the Duke of York Barracks and

is now a modern square and shopping development


miles away alongside the Zambian national flags and banners that adorn the buildings and light poles to celebrate Zambias national day on 24th October.

Zambian artist Peter Maibwe captured the Jacaranda and the Flamboyant trees in full bloom. The Zambian water colourist once said: The greatest artist is God

In India the Flamboyant tree is called Krisnachura, which literally means the Crown of Lord Khrisna, it is also sometimes known as Gulmohar or the Peacock Flower because of its unique bright colours when it blossoms. The Flamboyant tree blazes the Zambian landscapes with its red, orange and yellow blossoms.

In Zambia the Flamboyant with its bright orange, red and yellow blossoms in middle of August, when the Jacaranda tree is in full blossom as well.

The Flamboyant tree originates from Madagascar and it was brought to Zambia in the late 1950s from Southern Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) by the Northern Rhodesian (Zambia) Municipal Council. The first trees planted in Lusaka were planted along the old Cairo Road up to the Kabwe Roundabout. And from then onwards it was planted in woodlands and along the Burma Road and spread throughout the country like a bush fire.

Every year the Flamboyant trees join in Zambias Independence celebrations as they can be spotted

FLAMBOYANT AND JACARANDA BLOSSOMS JIVE

By Roy Kausa


because he painted all these beautiful Jacaranda and the Flamboyant trees by his words alone.

It is amazing to drive or walk along the roads in Zambias major towns in July when the Jacarandas start to blossom and its bright hazy purple flowers are a marvel to view. However, the deep purple of the Jacaranda tree is soon overshadowed by the bright red orange and yellow Flamboyant come August.

The peak of the Flamboyant blooming is when the temperature is at its highest, soaring just above 38C in parts of Zambia.

In November the Flamboyant pops out white flowers as if to subdue the hot bright red glow. The white colour in the Flamboyant gives the clusters of red,

orange and yellow a new lease of life.

Local artists such as Flinto Chandia and Friday Tembo use Jacaranda wood for carving. When dried and seasoned the wood changes colour to a light brown which at times, when polished with honey wax, looks like ivory.

The Jacarandas dried seed pods are used to make ear rings. The dry seed pods are collected by the craft people who first of all clean and sand paper them. They are then polished with linseed oil before being painted in bright African designs. These earings have become extremely popular in curio shops in Zambia.

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Poaching in many parts of the country has continued unabated with some chiefs perpetrating the crime, thereby threatening to drive certain species of wild animals into extinction. Added to this is the indiscriminate cutting down of trees in the name of charcoal burning. This has prompted Community Markets for Conservation (COMACO), a Zambian registered and non-profit making company, to embark on transformation and empowerment training for poachers and charcoal burners to save game from further wanton killing and curb further damage to the environment, CHARLES MUSONDA reports.

I used to kill 35 hippos and more than 40 buffaloes in one year. As for the common duiker, it was like chicken - it was almost everyday. If I wanted to buy sneakers, I would just go into the bush and kill a buffalo. This is a confession by John Banda (not real name) a former poacher of Mwase Mphangwe in Luangwa Valley, Eastern Province.

Another self-confessed former poacher, Patrick Seyama, has revealed that though poaching is a lucractive business by village standards, it is a fatal feat, which has resulted in the demise of 10 of his cronies after game scouts did to them what they were doing to animals.

Our lives are very hard, we were afraid because we did not know whether we would find village scouts ahead of us or if they were following us from behind. So most of the time, we would wait for the scouts to stop patrolling then we would go on and start killing animals, Seyama says. the target we were using was to aim one bullet at one elephant. So if I fire three shots at one group (herd) of elephants, I would kill three of them and sometimes we would kill up to 12 elephants in one raid. Since we couldnt carry 12 elephants from the bush to the village, we just used to get the ivory tusks and leave the carcasses to rot.

Seyama now feels he could have been either slain or arrested because of the many animals he killed before COMACO rescued him from the deadly trap he had set for himself.

As for Banda, poaching made him have an inhuman conscience, but now I am human being. I was a destroyer because I was killing animals that can help communities in so many ways. He says he has willingly surrendered

his firearm in return for the empowerment training he has received from COMACO. He now earns a legal income from skills he has received from COMACO, these include carpentry, gardening and fish farming. On the other hand, Seyama boasts of having enough clean money to educate his children and buy goods he was fancying when he spent nights in the bush chasing and shooting animals at will.

My life is improving because it was miracle to have money at the time I was a poacher. I can now buy bicycles, radios and I can afford to send my children to school. We have learnt the badness of poaching. We have also been trained in conservation farming, bee- keeping, gardening, fish farming and blacksmithing.

This is how COMACO, which is supported by the US and Norwegian governments, is empowering the less priviledged and saving wild animals from poach

zambian traveller

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