you can trust the communists (to be communists) fred c. schwarz

8/14/2019 You Can Trust the Communists (to Be Communists) Fred C. Schwarz

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You Can Trust The Communists (to be Communists)

Dr. Fred C. Schwarz

Chapter 1 Trust the CommunistsMarxism-Leninism Peace Truth Righteousness Love

Chapter 2 The Recruiting o a CommunistCapitalist Disenchantment with Capitalism Materialist PhilosophyIntellectual Pride Unulilled Religious !eed

Chapter ! The "o#ding o a Communist

"rigin "rgani#ation

Chapter $ The Communist at %or&

The Li$eral%s Dilemma The &irth o a 'ront Captive "rganisations

Chapter $ The Communist at %or&

The Li$erals% Dilemma The &irth o a 'ront Captive "rgani#ations

Chapter ' Techniues or Seizing ower(ei#ure o Power Revolt Through La$or Union Control

Chapter * Successu# Techniues For Seizing owerRussia China C#echoslova)ia

Chapter + Conso#idation o ower

Chapter , -##ies o Communism

Intellectual Dishonesty Cultural InterchangeChapter /rainwashing

*xhaustion Conusion Chronic Physical Pain 'ear Indoctrination

Chapter 10 The Diicu#t Deious -nd Dangerous Dia#ectic'eatures o the Dialectic

Chapter 11 rogram For Suria#Motivation +nowledge "rgani#ation

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1 Trust the Communists

The thesis o this $oo) is very simple It is that Communists are Communists I intend toshow that they are exactly what they say they are. they $elieve what they say they $elieve.their o$/ective is the o$/ective they have repeatedly proclaimed to all the world. theirorgani#ation is the organi#ation they have descri$ed in minute detail. and their moral code isthe one they have announced without shame "nce we accept the act that Communists areCommunists0 and understand the laws o their thought and conduct0 all the mysterydisappears0 and we are conronted with a movement which is rightening in its super$organi#ation0 strategic mo$ility and universal program0 $ut which is perectly understanda$leand almost mathematically predicta$le

In the $attle against Communism0 there is no su$stitute or accurate0 speciic )nowledgeIgnorance is evil and paralytic The $est intentions allied with the most sincere motives are

ineective and utile i they are divorced rom ade1uate )nowledge Consider a mother whohas a small daughter to whom she is devoted 'or this daughter she is determined to do all thata mother may do (he eeds her a well-$alanced diet to $uild a healthy $ody. she provides theinest education to develop her mind. she cares or her spiritual well-$eing0 and gives her alovely home In the environment o this young girl0 there are men who speciali#e in gainingthe conidence o little girls $y giving them candy and enticing them into automo$iles tomolest them I the mother neglects to give her child the speciic inormation to meet such asituation0 she will ail in her duty0 and all her loving care will count or nothing when thecrisis comes There is no su$stitute or speciic )nowledge

It is the purpose o this $oo) to give that )nowledge (ome o it is a little technical (ome o it

may seem a long way rom the everyday needs and activities o lie !onetheless0 theinormation contained in it is essential to survival

The statement is re1uently heard2 34ou cannot trust the Communists53 This is incorrect. youcan trust the Communists

They are extremely trustworthy 4ou can trust a cancer cell to o$ey the laws o its lawlessgrowth 4ou can trust an armed $an) ro$$er to ta)e the money and try to escape (imilarly0you can trust the Communists to act in accordance with the laws o their $eing

6hen people operate according to clearly deined principles0 they are $oth trustworthy and predicta$le 6hile we continue to $elieve that the Communists thin)0 eel and $elieve as wedo0 the Communist movement is0 as 6inston Churchill descri$ed it0 3a riddle wrapped in anenigma3 The movements o the heavenly $odies appeared mysterious and unpredicta$le tillCopernicus discovered the governing laws 6hen we understand the philosophy oCommunism0 the uniying purpose concealed in their re1uently chaotic and contradictoryconduct is revealed

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Marxism-Leninism

!i)ita +hrushchev said2 38nyone who thin)s we have orsa)en Marxism-Leninism deceiveshimsel That won%t happen till shrimps learn to whistle3 6e can trust the Communists to

practice Marxism-Leninism6hat is Marxism-Leninism9 (tripped to its $arest essentials0 Marxism is the doctrine o theuniversality o class warare0 and Leninism is the doctrine o the historic role o theCommunist Party to consummate the universal class war in world Communist victory The

$asic doctrine o Marxism-Leninism is that a state o war exists and that the Communist Partyhas $een created to win this war The war was originally discovered0 not declared0 $y +arlMarx It is $etween two classes o society which he called the proletariat and the $ourgeoisieThe $ourgeoisie is the class o property ownership0 the class that owns the means o

production The proletariat he deined as the class o wage la$or &etween these two classes0Marx claimed to discover a state o war The $ourgeoisie desires proit. the proletariat desireshigh wages I wages go up0 proits come down I proits go up0 wages come down Thusthere is a undamental conlict $etween these two classes This conlict Marx called the classwar

Marx taught that the $ourgeoisie is the esta$lished class in Capitalist society It has created the(tate as an instrument to oppress and exploit the proletariat In reaction the proletariat createsthe Communist Party to wage war against the (tate Thus the class war maniests itsel as war

$etween the Communist Party and the (tate 6ith the progress o history0 the CommunistParty has come to power in Russia0 China0 and *astern *urope The $ourgeoisie remains in

power in 8merica and her associated allies Thus the class war has transerred itsel rom thenational to the international plane The undamental doctrine o Marxism0 thereore0 is thatRussia and 8merica are at war. that China and 8merica are at war-- not that they could $e at

war. not that they might $e at war. not that they will $e at war. $ut that they are at war Thiswar is historically declared. it is universal. it encompasses every aspect o society. in it therecan $e no vestige o truce The Communists did not choose it. they simply recogni#ed it Theirduty is to prosecute the war to total and complete victory

The weapons o this warare are not merely the classical weapons o guns0 tan)s0 $om$s0 andaircrat The weapons are universal *ducation is a weapon. language is a weapon. trade is aweapon. diplomacy is a weapon. religion is a weapon. cultural interchange is a weapon TheCommunists view every act and /udge every situation as part o the class war 6hen the&olshoi &allet perorms in the United (tates0 that is an action in the class war. when a groupo 8merican clergymen visits Russia0 that is an action in the class war. when the (oviet

participates in negotiations or 3peace03 they ight a $attle in the class war Their participationin the United !ations is part o this warare The $asic Communist doctrine is2 36e are atwar53 This is the rame o reerence within which every action and thought must $e assessedand /udged

It does not ta)e two to ma)e a ight 8n idea in the mind o one is enough Let me illustrateDuring the war against :apan0 I was a doctor in the &ris$ane ;eneral <ospital &ris$ane0capital city o the state o =ueensland in north-eastern 8ustralia0 was the head1arters o;eneral Mac8rthur and the 8merican troops or the advance to the Philippines and :apanInto the hospital0 there came one day a man who told me that he had put his inger down histhroat to ma)e himsel vomit $ecause the 8mericans were going to poison him I loo)ed athim in some astonishment

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3<ow do you )now they are going to poison you93 I as)ed

3I saw them watching me as I was having my dinner3

36hy are they going to poison you93

3I don%t )now3

I sought or an explanation o his attitude 3<as your wie $een running around with the8mericans93

That was the only time he showed any emotion <e $ecame 1uite indignant and said 0 3"h0no0 nothing li)e that53

3They are not going to poison you3

34es they are3

3I )now they%re not3

3I )now they are3

<e was not angry <e was not yelling0 shouting0 or screaming <e did not have piercing0staring0 penetrating eyes <e had none o the external characteristics o insanity <e loo)ed

perectly normal !onetheless0 I diagnosed him as a mental case and sent him down to themental ward <owever0 he was not a $ad case <is wie came in and too) him home

(ome days later0 an 8merican oicer went into a pu$lic rest room in =ueen (treet0 &ris$ane0and was shot dead with a sawed-o shot gun <is assailant ran away The police0 assumingthat the criminal was a man li)e unto themselves0 thin)ing as they thought0 and moved $ytheir motives0 investigated without success They considered the normal motives or murder--ro$$ery0 /ealousy0 revenge0 alcoholic ury-- $ut they could not ind one clue

8 wee) later in a su$ur$ o &ris$ane0 another 8merican oicer was )illed $y the same sawed-o shot gun This time they caught the assailant It was the man whom I had treated at thehospital

<e had $een wor)ing on a $a)er%s delivery van0 going rom house to house delivering $read tothe housewives0 handling the money0 giving the change0 playing with the children 8pparentlyhe was 1uite normal &ut deep down in his conscious and unconscious mind0 he $elieved a lie<e )new the 8mericans were going to )ill him <e wished they were not so determined $ut he)new they were 8 man must protect himsel <e too) a shot gun0 sawed o the $arrel0 sawedo the stoc)0 and carried it around with him or sel-protection <e wal)ed into the rest room<e saw the 8merican oicer <e )new his lie was in danger <e pulled out the gun0 shot theoicer dead0 and ran or his lie 8 wee) later he repeated the same process <e was ta)en0

convicted o criminal insanity0 and sentenced to an asylum or the insane

It did not ta)e two to ma)e a 1uarrel 8n idea in the mind o one was enough Those 8mericanoicers had never seen the man in their lives Towards him they had no attitude exceptgoodwill &ut he $elieved that they were $ent on his destruction (uddenly a gun lashed anda man died It does not ta)e two to ma)e a 1uarrel 8n idea in the mind o one is enough

The Communists $elieve that they are at war with us This conviction will never $e changedin the slightest degree $y any action o the 'ree 6orld I0 tomorrow0 the leaders o the 'ree

!ations were to accede to every demand made $y the Communist leaders0 i they were toneutrali#e every (trategic 8ir Command $ase0 i they were to grant the demands on ;ermany0i they were to neutrali#e 'ormosa0 i they were to recogni#e Red China and admit it to the

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United !ations0 i the United (tates were to withdraw every serviceman and weapon withinthe $orders o continental United (tates0 the Communists would merely $elieve they had wonmassive victories in the class war 8 step towards our inal con1uest and destruction wouldhave $een ta)en 6e must either recogni#e this and deend against it0 or ignore it and $edestroyed 6e have no other choice ➩

Peace

(ince the Communists are at war0 they naturally desire peace 6herever you ind aCommunist0 you ind an advocate o peace 3Peace3 is one o the golden words o theirvoca$ulary They have 3peace3 movements o every )ind. they have peace campaigns0 peace

pri#es0 peace conerences0 peace processions *very Communist is a devotee o peace

Most people0 watching the military preparations o the Communists0 noting the enormous percentage o their $udget devoted to military o$/ectives0 o$serving their ruthless0 $rutalrepression o any attempt $y their captive nations to secure reedom0 classiy the Communists

as $latant hypocrites This is ar rom the truth The Communists are not hypocrites They aresincerely and genuinely dedicated to peace I you gave a mature Communist a lie detectortest and as)ed him i he desired peace with all his heart0 he would pass with lying colorsThey live or peace. they long or peace. they would willingly die or peace

6hat is this peace which they desire9 During the war against :apan0 most 8mericansundou$tedly wanted peace Peace was the thought that comorted mothers whose sons were indanger on distant $attleields. peace was the word which sustained wives0 lonely and anxiouswithout their hus$ands. peace was the goal that motivated servicemen who )new the

$oredom0 the loneliness0 and the danger o war <ad they $een as)ed to deine peace0 theywould dou$tless have descri$ed it as the termination o hostilities in the deeat o the enemy

$y the allies !ot under any circumstances would victory $y :apan have $een termed peaceTo the 8merican people0 peace meant only one thing-- 8merican victory The Communists

$elieve they are at war They desire 3peace3 with all their hearts &ut to them0 peace is thatgolden consummation when the progressive orce o Communism totally overwhelms8merican imperialism and climaxes in Communist world con1uest &y deinition 0 3peace3 isCommunist world con1uest

(ince this is true0 any action that advances Communist con1uest is a 3peaceul3 action 6henthe armies o the Communist Chinese encompass the Ti$etans0 ro$$ing them o their land andood0 stimulating them to rantic0 hopeless revolt0 and then massacring them0 they areconsummating peace 6hen +hrushchev ordered Russian tan)s into &udapest to ire into theapartment $uildings0 reducing them to ru$$le0 entom$ing man0 woman and child0 in his heart

he had a song o peace

The Communists use the word 3peace3 in their own sense with total sincerity 6e interpret itin our sense 6e are the victims0 not o their hypocrisy0 $ut o our own ignorance

The Communists are not hypocrites They suer rom paranoid delusions o an intensesincerity They are so enmeshed in the delusions o Marxism-Leninism that they are $eyondthe scope o rational argument and conviction 8ll o$served phenomena are interpreted withinthe ramewor) o their preconceived conclusions I they were hypocrites0 it would $e mucheasier to deal with them 4ou can ma)e a $argain with a hypocrite. you can scare a hypocrite6hen you are dealing with paranoics o highly organi#ed delusional patterns0 your sole

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recourse is to ac)nowledge and understand these patterns and ta)e appropriate measures to protect yoursel against the conduct which results rom the delusions ➩

Truth

The Communists invaria$ly tell the 3truth03 $ut it is the Marxist-Leninist 3truth3 Those who $elieve that the Communists will lie in the interests o Communism are mista)en In act0 it isnot possi$le or a Communist to lie in the interests o Communism &y deinition0 i astatement is in the interests o Communism0 it is the truth

:esting Pilate as)ed the 1uestion2 36hat is truth93 Christians $elieve that ;od is Truth Truthis a 1uality o ;od <imsel 8n a$solute ;od created an a$solute Truth Truth is TheCommunists airm that this is nonsense There is no ;od. there are no a$solutes. everythingis relative. Truth itsel is a relative o the class struggle Lenin said2 3The Communist Party isthe mind0 the conscience0 and the morals o our epoch Proletarian morality is determined $ythe exigencies o the class struggle3 Truth is a weapon o the class war0 and any statement

that advances Communist con1uest is 3true3 6e can trust the Communists always to say thatwhich will advance Communist con1uest 6e can trust them always to tell the Marxist-Leninist 3truth3

Millions o dollars are $eing spent on the production o $eautiul literature telling this 3truth3The truth0 according to their literature0 is simple2 6here Communism comes to power0everyone is happy0 prosperous0 and ree. 8merica0 on the other hand0 is the vilest0 most evil0most degenerate nation the world has ever seen

8n excellent example o the Marxist-Leninist truth is contained in a $eautiul0 photographicmaga#ine pu$lished in *nglish $y the Communists in !orth +orea Most o the maga#ine isgiven over to the portrayal o the radiant happiness and glorious prosperity o !orth +orea

under Communism Towards the end0 however0 they present the picture o 8merica "n a page entitled 3Massacre Committed $y 8merican &rutes03 there are six photographs o $odiesta)en rom a mass grave lying side $y side upon the ground Their relatives weep over themUnderneath0 is the ollowing text2

Man)ind remem$ers the shoc)ing atrocities the <itlerites perpetrated in the concentrationcamps in Ma/dane) and "swiencim

Recently another case o atrocities $y the 8merican murderers which exceeds in its cruelty theatrocities $y the <itlerites was discovered in +orea

In a shat o the Ra)yun Mine0 :angyun County0 (outh <wanghai Province0 some ABB dead $odies were discovered

During their temporary occupation o :angyun County during the +orean 6ar0 the 8mericanmurderers rounded up miners o the Ra)yun mine and the peasants in the near$y villages and

put them through severe torture Then the 8merican devils )ic)ed the tortured miners and peasants into the shat ,BB meters deep

In the shat corpses were piled up on top o one another0 and the torn pieces o the $odies $ore $ullet holes and scars made $y the $ayonets Many mothers had their $a$ies tied on their $ac)s The shat presented a most gruesome scene



<onest-minded people can not $ut hate and condemn the 8merican Imperialist murdererswhose lust or $lood )nows no end

'uneral services or the murdered too) place in the Ra)yun mine in the midst o children%scrying or their lost athers0 old women wailing over their dead sons The people%s enmity and

curses upon the 8merican devils rent the air %8venge us o the 8merican imperialists53 Thiswas the cry o the ABB murdered

&ut even at the moment in (outh +orea0 the 8merican murderers are slaughtering our $rothersand sisters This we can not tolerate

8merican canni$als get out o +orea immediately ,,

This is the Marxist-Leninist truth The o$/ective truth is0 o course0 1uite dierent 6hen theCommunists retreated in !orth +orea0 they too) with them all the a$le-$odied personnel toserve as la$orers Those who could not stand the rigors o the northward /ourney-- old men

and women0 pregnant women0 very young children and $a$ies-- they massacred and $uried ina mass grave i they $elonged to the untrustworthy social classes The advancing 8mericantroops time and again ound mass graves illed with the $odies o those murdered $y theCommunists The Communists merely disinterred one o their own mass graves0 and0 withmoral indignation0 indicted 8merica or it $eore the conscience o the world Their moralindignation was real0 not simulated This is almost incomprehensi$le

<itler wor)ed on the principle2 Tell a lie0 ma)e it $ig0 repeat it oten0 and the ma/ority o the people will $elieve you The Communists have urther developed this concept 8ny lie thatadvances Communist con1uest is0 $y deinition0 not a lie $ut the Marxist-Leninist truth Thematurity o a Communist can $e /udged $y the extent to which he can divorce himsel rom

the evidence o his senses and totally identiy himsel with the verdict o the CommunistParty 6hen conronted with a choice $etween the evidence o his eyes and the verdict o theCommunist Party0 the mature Communist will $elieve with such conviction what the Party hassaid that0 were he given a lie detector test0 he would pass it with lying colors <e wouldexperience all the emotions associated with truth when he thought o the decision o the Party

6e are astounded when we see evidence o this 8n 8merican plane was shot down over(oviet 8rmenia The 8merican orces recorded the conversation o the Russian pilots as theyshot down the plane 6hen Mi)oyan0 visiting 8merica0 was conronted with the evidence0 hewas not conounded in the least <e did not $elieve it It was not true <e was a Communist0 aMarxist-Leninist The Communist Party had said that it did not happen0 and the verdict o the

Party is the Marxist-Leninist truth8ll Communists do not attain this maturity Many o them would possi$ly eel a slightelement o dou$t in such a situation 'inal maturity is attained with the a$ility to identiy one%semotions completely with the verdict o the Party

Communist scientists inally derive their 3truth3 rom the verdict o the Communist PartyLa$oratory experimentation is secondary and must $e interpreted in accordance with the

policy outlined $y the Party ➩

,, Korea0 ol 7@0 ,E@A0 FPyongyang0 Democratic People%s Repu$lic o +orea2 'oreign LanguagesPu$lishing <ouseG

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In the late ,E?B%s there arose in Russia a great de$ate in the realm o &iology It concerned the1uestion o transmissi$ility to ospring o characteristics ac1uired during the lie o the

parent Most reputa$le $iologists teach that such characteristics cannot $e transmitted

The Communists attri$ute this theory to Mendel and Morgan and call it Mendal-Morgangenetics 8 Russian $iologist0 Michurin0 developed a theory at variance with this <is theorywas advocated $y a plant $reeder called Lysen)o

The $iological section o the Russian 8cademy o (ciences met to discuss this issue The'oreign Languages Press o Moscow pu$lished a ull report o the conerence under the title03Proceedings o the 8cademy o (cience on the Teaching o 8cademician Lysen)o3 Thever$atim speeches o the leading Russian scientists were pu$lished Many o these0 on the

$asis o their long la$oratory experience0 contended that the Michurin-Lysen)o school was inerror 8s scientists0 they detailed the evidence on which they $ased their conclusions

The issue was resolved very simply !ear the end o the report there is a chapter entitled03Concluding Remar)s o 8cademician L D Lysen)o3 <e reports2 3Comrades0 the 1uestion isas)ed in a note handed to me2 %<as the Central Committee o the Party adopted any positionwith regard to your report9% I wish to state that the Central Committee o the Communist Partyhas read my report and has approved it3 F Prolonged ovation. Great applause. All rise.)

8 strange se1uence ensues The leading Russian scientists who had opposed the Lysen)o position on the $asis o their la$oratory experience0 had a crisis revelation during the nightThe ollowing day0 they as)ed permission to ma)e statements 6hen permission was granted0they rose and indicated that the error o their way had now $een revealed to them Theyrepented o their ormer service to imperialist $iology and dedicated themselves to true

proletarian $iology

The cynic may say2 3That is easy to understand They were scared They )now what would

happen to them i they did not agree with the Party line3 <owever0 the 1uestion goes deeperthan that They were scientists and they were Communists They were Communists irst andscientists second 8s Communists they $elieved the Communist Party to $e 3the mind o ourepoch03 the ountain o all 3truth3 The verdict o the Party must ta)e precedence over theexperience o the senses0 even in the scientiic experiment

It may $e argued that this situation no longer exists0 that things have changed Russianscientists do not all agree with Lysen)o now

The 1uestion at issue is not the rightness or wrongness o the Lysen)o theories0 $ut the righto the Communist Party to determine scientiic truth $y edict That situation has not changedRussian scientists may have changed their views0 $ut only $ecause they have $een permitted

to do so $y the Party 3Truth3 remains the exclusive province o the Party➩

Righteousness

The Communists demand and develop characters o 3righteousness03 that is0 Marxist-Leninistrighteousness In the $oo)0 How to Be a Good Communist, Liu (hao-chi0 President oCommunist China and $rilliant theoretical writer says2

&ut i sacriice has to $e made or the Party0 or class and national li$eration0 that is0 or theemancipation o man)ind0 or social evolution and or the interests o the greatest ma/ority o

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man)ind em$racing countless millions o people0 countless Communist Party mem$ers willace death with e1uanimity and ma)e any sacriice without the slightest hesitation To thema/ority o Communist Party mem$ers0 it will $e accepted as a matter o course %to lay down

one%s lie or a no$le cause% or %to die or righteousness0% i necessary 7

6hat is this righteousness or which they are ready to die9 Righteousness is conduct whichwill advance Communist world con1uest 8ccording to this deinition0 :oseph (talin was thevery personiication o Marxist-Leninist righteousness The many who $elieve that+hrushchev attac)ed and condemned (talin missed the point o his speech entirely+hrushchev did two things2 <e descri$ed (talin0 and he condemned him <is descriptiondepicted a man so vile that most ol) too) it or condemnation 6hat he said0 in eect0 wasthis2 (talin was a murderer. he was not a reluctant murderer0 $ut an enthusiastic murderer <een/oyed murder <e got a thrill out o the torture o his own riends 6hen the :ewish doctorswere arrested and accused o poisoning danov0 (talin called in the man responsi$le orexamining them and indicated the type o torture to $e given to each one <e gave threeundamental rules or getting conessions2 3&eat0 $eat and $eat again3 <e said2 3I you don%t

get a conession $y this date0 we will shorten you $y a head53

+hrushchev indicated that (talin was a star)0 raving madman 36hen you went in to see himin the morning0 he would loo) at you and say0 %6hat have you $een up to9 4ou have a shityloo) in your eye today% 4ou never )new whether you would leave as his riend or underarmed guard to $e shot3 <e presents a picture o a murderer o limitless appetite0 a picture omegalomaniacal0 sadistic madness &ut he concludes $y saying2 3Don%t misunderstand me(talin was a good man <e was a Marxist-Leninist <e did these things as a Marxist-Leninist2

!o higher praise could have $een given $y +hrushchev3

<ow could he /ustiy $oth description and designation9 Let us pro/ect ourselves into thestream o history0 and loo) at (talin in historic perspective (talin assumed power when theCommunists were a $eleaguered garrison and he $rought them to the verge o world con1uestIt was (talin who set up their educational program which today is graduating three times asmany engineers and scientists as the 8merican program It was (talin who $ecame the patrono scientiic research It was (talin who esta$lished their su$marine and missile programswhich have caused the shadow o impeding death to all over the lie o every person in the'ree 6orld It was (talin who organi#ed the con1uest o China It was (talin who deceived8merican and 'ree 6orld statesmen (talin $rought Communism to the very verge o worldcon1uest 8 ew generations hence0 when Communism has con1uered the world0 andregenerate man)ind lives in perect happiness and complete a$undance0 the name o (talin0who did so much to $ring this to pass0 will $e honored and revered <is personal

idiosyncrasies will $e ignored and orgotten Dead men do not complain 6ho worries a$outlast year%s allen leaves9 (talin is the super$ exemplar o Marxist-Leninist righteousness➩

Love

6e can trust the Communists to maniest pure0 Marxist-Leninist 3love3 "ne o the $est pictures o Marxist-Leninist 3love3 was revealed in the $oast made $y +lementi oroshilov0now president o Russia0 to 6illiam C &ullitt0 8merica%s irst am$assador to the (ovietUnion 8t a $an1uet in Russia in ,E>?0 oroshilow told &ullitt that in ,E,E he persuaded

77 Liu (hao-chi0 <ow to &e a ;ood Communist FPe)ing2 'oreign Languages PressG0 pp@@-

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eleven thousand C#arist oicers at +iev to surrender $y promising them that0 i theysurrendered0 they0 their wives and their amilies would $e permitted to return to their homes6hen they surrendered0 he executed the eleven thousand oicers and all male children0 andsent the wives and daughters into the $rothels or the use o the Russian army <e mentionedin passing that the treatment they received in the $rothels was such that none o them lived or

more than three months >

oroshilov was merely acting in o$edience to the dictates o Marxist-Leninist 3love3&elieving as he $elieved0 he acted in a truthul0 righteous0 and loving manner There he stood0one o history%s anointed0 entrusted with the destiny o world con1uest and humanregeneration There stood a group o male and emale animals which he could utili#e selishly

$y )eeping his promise to them and ma)ing himsel eel good in the $ourgeois sense0 orwhich he could utitl#e or the ultimate regeneration and happiness o all man)ind $ydestroying them <is duty lay clearly $eore him 8s a Communist he had no choice <e wasnothing. these people were nothing. the will o history was everything <e saw his duty clearTo the executioners went all the males0 and to the $rothels went all the emales The Red

8rmy was strengthened0 world con1uest came a day nearer0 human regeneration a little closer0and oroshilov had a conscience as clear as spring water0 and a sense o duty no$ly done <ewas comorted $y an acute awareness o the ulillment o Marxist-Leninist 3love3

Communists $elieve they have a destiny Their destiny is to create a new world and regenerateman)ind To do this they must con1uer the world0 shatter the Capitalist system0 and0 $yCommunist dictatorship0 esta$lish the regenerative environment o (ocialism This newenvironment will rear the young to perection

8n inescapa$le step o their scientiic program or the regeneration o man)ind is theelimination o the residual diseased social classes ollowing world con1uest 8 ew years ago0the 8merican Communist Party would openly ac)nowledge that0 having con1uered this

country0 they would need to put to death one third o the 8merican people This is not punishment. it is (ocial (cience It is not cruelty. it is 3love3 It is as though the surgeon too)the scalpel in a loving ashion to cut away the gangrenous tissue so that the new and perectmight come to maturity

Communism is applied godless materialism (t Paul writes2

&ecause that0 when they )new ;od0 they gloriied him not as ;od0 neither were than)ul. $ut $ecame vain in their imaginations0 and their oolish heart was dar)ened Proessingthemselves to $e wise0 they $ecame ools0 and changed the glory o the uncorrupti$le ;odinto an image made li)e to corrupti$le man0 and to $irds0 and ourooted $easts0 and creepingthings 6hereore ;od also gave them up to uncleanness through the lusts o their own hearts0

to dishonour their own $odies $etween themselves2 who changed the truth o ;od into a lie0and worshipped and served the creature more than the Creator0 who is $lessed or ever ?

*merging rom its lair o godless materialism0 dressed in garments o science0 Communismseduces the young and utili#es their perverted religious enthusiasm to con1uer the world&uilding on the doctrines o godless materialism0 Communism has completely reversed themeaning o our $asic moral terms 6hen we0 in our ignorance o this act0 insist on ➩

>> 6illiam C &ullitt0 38 Tal) with oroshilov03 printed in The ;reat Pretense0 prepared and released $y the Committee on Un-8merican 8ctivities0 U( <ouse o Representatives0 6ashington0 DC0May ,E0 ,E@0 pp,A-E

?? Romans ,27,-7@

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interpreting their phraseology as i they $elieved the Christian philosophy rom which wehave derived our $asic concepts0 we aid and a$et them in their program or our con1uest anddestruction "nce it is )nown what the Communists $elieve0 there is no diiculty inunderstanding0 interpreting0 and predicting their conduct "n the oundation o )nowledge0and on that oundation alone0 may an ediice o survival $e $uilt

1. Korea0 ol 7@0 ,E@A0 FPyongyang0 Democratic People%s Repu$lic o +orea2 'oreignLanguages Pu$lishing <ouseG

7 Liu (hao-chi0 <ow to &e a ;ood Communist FPe)ing2 'oreign Languages PressG0 pp@@-

> 6illiam C &ullitt0 38 Tal) with oroshilov03 printed in The ;reat Pretense0 prepared andreleased $y the Committee on Un-8merican 8ctivities0 U( <ouse o Representatives06ashington0 DC0 May ,E0 ,E@0 pp,A-E

? Romans ,27,-7@

➩

,,



2 The Recruiting o a Communist

I there is one 1uestion as)ed more re1uently than any other0 it is this2 6hy do rich people0educated people0 even religious people $ecome Communists9 People say0 3I can understandthe appeal o Communism to the poor0 to the ignorant0 to the exploited0 and to the oppressed6hat I cannot understand is its appeal to the wealthy0 the educated and the religious 6hy domillionaires0 college proessors0 and even ministers o religion $ecome Communists93

The truth is that Communism as such has little appeal or the poor0 the oppressed0 or theexploited The $asic appeal o Communism is to the educated0 and particularly to the student-intellectual

8 summary survey o leading Communist personalities will soon show that the great ma/oritywere recruited as students 6hile I was in Portland0 "regon0 I went to collect my laundry I

mentioned to the laundryman the alarming igures o Communist advance <e had enoughintelligence to $e alarmed <e said0 36e must do something5 6e must do something53 <ethought or a moment and then said0 36e must eed them !o man ever $ecame a Communiston a ull stomach3

I loo)ed at him and said0 3I could mention one or two who did2 +arl Marx0 'rederic) *ngels0ladimir Lenin0 :oseph (talin0 Molotov0 &ulganin0 +alinin0 Mi)oyan0 +aganovich0 Mao Tse-tung0 Chou *n-lai0 Liu (hao-chi0 Chu The0 <o Chi minh0 6hitta)er Cham$ers0 6illiamRemington0 <al 6are3 I ran out o $reath0 $ut not out o names ;o to any country in theworld0 ta)e the outstanding Communist igures0 and0 i they $ecame Communists in a non-Communist country0 you will ind almost without exception that they em$raced Communismas student-intellectuals

Consider0 or example0 the Communist Party o China The chairman0 Mao Tse-tung wasconverted to Communism at the age o twenty-one while he was student-li$rarian at the

!ational University in Pe)ing The Prime Minister0 Chou *n-lai0 son o a wealthy Chinesearistocrat0 was studying at a university in Paris0 'rance0 when he $ecame a Communist Thecommander-in-chie o the Red 8rmy0 Chu The0 son o a wealthy Chinese0 was converted toCommunism $y Chou *n-lai while he was studying at a Prussian military academy in;ermany Liu (hao-chi0 $rilliant theorist and heir apparent to Mao Tse-tung0 em$racedCommunism as a young student The record is the same wherever you go The sinister truth isthat a ma/ority o the students in the world today are attracted to Communism Until theappeal o Communism to student- intellectuals is understood0 any eort to com$at its

inluence among them is utile'ollowing an address at a &aptist school in the (outh0 two students approached me "ne wasrom Mexico0 and the other rom !orth +orea The student rom Mexico said0 36hen I wasdoing the pre-medical course in Mexico City0 AB per cent o the medical students wereCommunists They were organi#ed into cells Their leaders0 utterly godless and materialistic0were trained in Moscow3

8ctually0 it is dou$tul that AB per cent o the students were really mem$ers o the CommunistParty This would $e contrary to the Communist concept o a small0 elite group whichinluences0 controls0 and exploits much larger groups <owever0 his statement does indicatethe powerul inluence o Communism among the students o Mexico The same thing is true

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in universities in Central and (outh 8merica0 India0 :apan0 Indonesia0 the !ear *ast0 8rica0and0 in a measure0 in *urope and 8merica The appeal to Communism to the student-intellectual is extensive and powerul indeed

It may well $e as)ed why this is so (ome insight into this was given $y the second student<e was a reugee rom !orth +orea 8merica had opened its arms and its heart and had givenhim reuge <e was surrounded $y love and aection. he was well ed and well clothed0 anindividual protected $y the law0 signiicant and important Despite all this0 the ideas theCommunists had planted in his mind as a child were still there

<e $egan immediately to tell me all that was wrong with 8merica0 and right withCommunism The trou$le with 8merica0 he said0 was the way the $osses exploited thewor)ers0 particularly in the (outh 8merican prosperity was a $u$$le that was going to $urstinto unemployment0 depression0 crisis0 and civil war <e went on to say that in !orth +orea0they had !ew Democracy which was $ad0 so $ad that he had had to lee rom it &ut !ewDemocracy was going to develop into (ocialism such as existed in Russia which was much

$etter (ocialism would inally evolve into Communism which was very good UnderCommunism0 human nature would $e so perect that there would no longer $e the need orany government whatsoever

The reality had driven him orth in hunger0 na)edness and terror0 $ut the vision still livedwithin his mind

This student showed rather clearly certain aspects o the appeal o Communism to the studentmind Communism utili#es our things to recruit the young intellectual These are 2

,Disenchantment with capitalism7Materialist philosophy

>Intellectual pride?Unulilled religious need

Capitalist Disenchantment with Capitalism

The irst step in the ma)ing o a Communist is disenchantment with the Capitalist system8ccording to the Marxist analysis o Capitalism0 depression and war are the inevita$leconse1uences o the Capitalist system Capitalism is also the creator o vice0 crime0 and all theevils o society This has $een the great recruiting doctrine o Communism 6hitta)erCham$ers said that every intelligent person o his ac1uaintance who $ecame a Communist didso in terms o the Marxist analysis o Capitalism as the creator o depression and war "ncethey accepted the Marxist thesis that Capitalism caused recurrent depression and war0 it was ashort step to the acceptance o the Leninist program or the destruction o Capitalism

The Marxist analysis supericially0 is very convincing Marx taught that the Capitalist systemdoes two things2 it produces commodities or distri$ution0 and it circulates purchasing poweror money In other words0 Capitalist society is $uilt upon the production o commodities to $eexchanged or money and the distri$ution o money to secure those commodities Capitalistsociety is healthy0 according to Marx0 when the amount o money availa$le to the people isade1uate to $uy the commodities produced ➩

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Marx contended that0 $y the very nature o Capitalism0 this $alance $etween goods producedand money availa$le cannot $e maintained or very long 8 certain se1uence o events isinevita$le The goods produced have a certain money value That money is distri$uted in twoways2 the ma/or portion is paid out in wages to the wor)ers who manuacture the goods-- tothe directors0 the supervisors0 and all the la$orers down to the /anitor2 a smaller portion is

retained as proit $y those who own the means o production During the early stages o theindustry0 the money paid to the owners as proit goes into circulation0 $ecause new capitalgoods such as $uildings and machinery are necessary (ince these capital goods are producedand are not availa$le or purchase $y the mass o the people0 the wages paid to the wor)ers

producing these capital goods are used to $uy consumer commodities During the period ocapitali#ation0 there is usually enough money in circulation to $uy the consumer goods

produced &ut eventually the point is reached where there are enough actories and machinery0and there is no longer need or this expenditure The proit is then retained and accumulated in

$an) $alances0 and the only money circulated is the money paid in wages or producing thegoods (ince this is never 1uite enough to $uy the goods produced0 production inevita$lyleads to over-production

8t irst this over-production is small and almost unnoticea$le0 $ut gradually it $ecomes moresigniicant The warehouses o the manuacturers $ecome illed with goods0 the inventories othe distri$utors are complete0 and the point is reached where the actory has enough goods onhand to supply the demand or some considera$le period 6hen that point is reached0alternative courses o action present themselves The manuacturers may say0 3!ow0 the realtrou$le is that people haven%t enough money to purchase these goods 6e had $etter ind someway in which people can get more money3 "n the other hand0 they may say0 36e haveenough goods now 6e do not need to ma)e any more or a certain period 6e had $ettercease production until our surplus is used up3 The normal process is to ollow the lattercourse and to lay o the wor)ers 6hen they are laid o0 the purchasing power is urther

reduced0 and the situation $ecomes worse8ccording to Marx0 this cycle is inevita$le Production leads to over-production which leadsto unemployment This leads to reduced purchasing power0 which aggravates the entiresituation $y accelerating the accumulation o surplus products and leading to urtherunemployment The eventual outcome is depression and crisis 6arehouses are illed withgoods which the people cannot $uy The economy stagnates and grinds to a standstill

6hen this happens0 a method must $e ound where$y purchasing power is once again givento the people that the goods may $e $ought and that the wheels o the economy may $egin toroll once again <istorically0 one method has always put money in people%s poc)ets without

simultaneously creating consumer goods That method is war 8 war $rea)s out on some pretext or another Money is ound to inance the war. the wheels o industry $egin to turn onwar production. money is distri$uted to the people0 and the surplus consumer products are

purchased 6hen the surplus is consumed0 normal production $egins again0 and the cyclegoes on0 repeating itsel again and again 8ccording to Marx0 thereore0 as long as Capitalismcontinues0 there will $e recurrent crises o depression and war

This seems a powerul and convincing argument It is the more dangerous $ecause it is0 li)emost Marxian arguments0 a hal-truth &y ta)ing some o the varia$les in the situation andconcentrating on them0 it produces conclusions which appear very sound These conclusions0however0 are not necessarily valid0 or there are many important actors which are ignored ➩

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In the irst place0 Marx%s argument is merely diagnostic *ven i it $e assumed that hisdiagnosis is accurate0 it does not necessarily ollow that the treatment prescri$ed $y theCommunists is correct "ther groups who accept the Marxian analysis o Capitalism havecompletely dierent prescriptions or treatment (ocial Credit devotees0 or example0 say thatthe pro$lem is not over-production0 $ut lac) o purchasing power Thereore the amount o

surplus production should $e assessed periodically0 and a national dividend declaredcorresponding to the surplus This money0 given to the people0 can $e used to $uy up thesurplus and production will continue

In the second place0 the argument ignores many most important actors in distri$ution8lthough this is not a text$oo) o economics0 some o these ignored actors should $ementioned They are2

,The dynamic nature o money7The role o psychology in the economy>The relation o advertising to distri$ution?Consumer credit

@Continually expanding mar)etPeople%s capitalismHThe role o government and legislation

1. The Dynamic Nature o Money

Money is not static The same amount o money spent three or our times will distri$ute threeor our times as many goods There is an intriguing story a$out a man who wrote a chec) or ahundred dollars without having any money in the $an) 6ith it he $ought a certain articleThe man rom whom he purchased the article too) the chec) and0 without cashing it at the

$an)0 used it to purchase certain goods These he sold or one hundred and twenty dollars0

ma)ing a proit o twenty dollars on the deal The person to whom he gave the chec) didli)ewise This happened ten times0 each person ma)ing a proit o twenty dollars0 $eore thechec) inally reached the $an) where it was dishonored The ten people who had handled itgot together and decided that to avoid trou$le0 each o them would contri$ute ten dollars tocover the chec) This was done. the hundred dollars was paid. and each o them was richer $yten dollars This story simply illustrates that the 1uestion o credit and rate o circulation omoney must $e considered

!. The Role o Psychology in the "conomy

(uppose everyone is persuaded that a depression is coming and decides not to $uy another

automo$ile or twelve months The result would $e an immediate depression in the automo$leindustry with all the conse1uences that ollow It is 1uite o$vious that the psychologicalattitude o the people has a tremendous $earing on the economic situation o a country This isan aspect o economic theory to which Marx gave little attention

#. The Relation o $%vertising to Distri&ution

The 1uestion o the psychological outloo) o the consumer naturally leads to the 1uestion oadvertising and its role in distri$ution During the recession in ,E@A0 this actor wasunderstood more completely and a campaign started urging people to $uy The recession didnot develop into a depression The Marxist cycle was $ro)en ➩

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Marx himsel cannot $e $lamed or his ailure to consider the role o advertising as theadvertising industry was not in existence during his lietime It is the ollowers o Marx whoare culpa$le in this respect

'. Consumer Cre%it

8n outstanding development o modern Capitalism is consumer credit ;oods are purchasednot with money presently owned0 $ut $y a promise to pay in the uture This has $ecome sucha large actor in the economy that any analysis which does not consider this is o$viouslyallacious

(. The Continually "xpan%ing Mar)et

<uman aspirations are limitless0 and under a ree economy these orm a continuallyexpanding mar)et 8 large percentage o 8merican industry now produces items that did noteven exist a ew years ago The vast electronics industry0 or example0 has $een a very recent

development The dou$le-car garage is now as normal to the modern home as the aucet withrunning water (oon the motor$oat will $e the routine companion o the car

*. People+s Capitalism

Possi$ly the most devastating repudiation o the Marxist doctrine is the development o people%s Capitalism within the United (tates Marx oresaw the wealth the wealth o thecommunity $eing concentrated in ewer and ewer hands The class owning this wealth hecalled the $ourgeoisie0 and the natural orces within Capitalism would constantly diminish thenum$er o this class

Contrary to the expectations o Marx0 the ownership o 8merican industry is constantly

enlarging There are now nearly as many stoc) holders in the United (tates as there aremem$ers o organi#ed la$or It is 1uite conceiva$le that in a short period0 the num$er o stoc)holders will exceed union mem$ership The proits received $y the vast ma/ority o thesestoc) holders are utili#ed or purchasing

This renders the whole argument o the 3class war3 ridiculous !othing does such damage tothe principles o Marxism as the development o wor)er ownership in 8merican industryProletarian stoc) holders certainly ma)e the concept o universal class war somewhatludicrous

,. The Role o overnment an% Legislation

'inally0 the Marxist analysis ignores the role o government and legislation in relation to theeconomy The anti-trust laws have restrained the development o monopoly within the8merican economy 6hatever the individual viewpoint o the role o government ineconomic aairs0 it is a actor which cannot $e ignored

In spite o the oregoing0 the Marxist analysis has convinced many people It would $e asimple matter to go $eore any inexperienced student group and0 ta)ing them unprepared0convince practically every one o them that the Marxist argument is sound This is what theCommunists have done (tudents throughout the world are $eing taught as a $asic principlethat the Capitalist system is evil and the creator o depression and war Disenchantment with

,



the Capitalist system is the irst step in the conversion o a student-intellectual toCommunism

I the situation is considered o$/ectively0 it will $e seen that there is much to $e said in supporto Capitalism The Capitalist system has produced more goods0 provided a more e1uita$ledistri$ution0 and maintained a higher level o personal reedom than any other system in theworld has $een a$le to do

The +orean student who spo)e to me said0 3" course0 in 8merican there is ar more reedomthan anywhere else3

3That%s interesting03 I replied 3<ow did the 8merican people get that reedom93

<e loo)ed at me0 pu##led

3Let%s thin) a$out it or a while03 I said 3The reedom in 8merica has a material and aspiritual oundation The material oundation is the eicient production o goods in 1uantityand their extensive distri$ution is so that most people have the material re1uirements oreedom-- suicient ood0 shelter0 clothing0 transportation0 and other necessities The material

system within 8merica has produced more ood0 clothing0 and shelter per individual than anyother system 8dd to this material a$undance the spiritual concept o man as the child o ;od0created0 loved0 redeemed0 ininite in value0 and possessed o certain inaliena$le rights Theresult is this reedom you admire3

Then I as)ed0 36hat is the material system that has produced these goods in such 1uantity anddistri$uted them so widely93

3I don%t )now03 he replied

34ou most certainly do )now 4ou have $een telling me or hal an hour how $ad it is It is theCapitalist system Did it never occur to you that may$e the Capitalist system that you a$hor so

much stands in causal relationship to the reedom you cherish so highly93<e was lost This had not $een part o the closed circle o argument that he had heard <isarguments were all wor)ed out and complete These new ideas came in and shattered thesymmetry and perection

The idea o collective ownership ascinates some people0 $ut its $eneits are a mirage Thestory is told o a visitor to a Russian actory who as)ed the wor)ers0 36ho owns this actory9%

36e do03 they replied

36ho owns the land on which it is $uilt93

36e do3

36ho owns the products o the actory when they are made93

36e do3

"utside in a corner o a large par) were three $attered /alopies The visitor as)ed0 36ho ownsthose cars out there93

They replied0 36e own them0 $ut one o them is used $y the actory manager0 one is used $ythe political commissar0 and the other is used $y the secret police3

The same investigator came to a actory in 8merica0 and said to the wor)ers0 36ho owns thisactory93 ➩

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3<enry 'ord03 they replied

36ho owns the land on which it is $uilt93

3<enry 'ord3

36ho owns the products o the actory when they are made3

3<enry 'ord3

"utside the actory was a vast par) illed with every ma)e and variety o modern 8mericanautomo$ile <e said0 36ho owns all those cars out there93

They replied0 3"h0 we do3

4ou may ta)e your choice $ut0 personally0 give me the automo$ile

The concept that Capitalism is inherently evil and collective ownership inherently good iscontradicted inally $y one unanswera$le act 6herever Communism is in power0 the peoplelee $y the millions They leave everything they love0 and they lee to loneliness and the

un)nown to escape the horror o lie under Communist rule"n the other hand0 when all the evils o the Capitalist system have $een admitted0 the actremains that every year multiplied thousands ris) their lives0 not trying to get out o 8merica0

$ut trying to get in They swim the Rio ;rande River Their goal is not to live at 8merica%shighest standard0 $ut to live at her lowest "n a comparative $asis0 the economic system ocompetitive ree enterprise has produced a$undance and li$erty and is a magnet to the lessortunate

Many students0 however0 have a sense o shame concerning Capitalism They have $eenconvinced $y Communist arguments that the Capitalist system is evil0 that it has ailed0 andthat it must $e replaced "nce convinced o this0 a student has ta)en the irst step toward

$ecoming a Communist

Materialist Philosophy

The second actor in the creation o a Communist is materialist philosophy The student-intellectual is taught that there is no ;od. that matter in motion is the sum total o all $eing.that each individual is a $ody in which a stomach secretes gastric /uices0 a liver secretes $ile0and a $rain secretes emotion and thought There is no soul. there is no spirit. there is noheaven to gain0 no hell to shun 8 new scientiic age has $een $orn0 and the need or ;od has

$een a$olished The modern outloo) is materialism

(pea)ing at a university0 I outlined these $asic0 Communist materialist $elies o communism2FaG ;odlessness

F$G The material nature o man

FcG The environmental nature o man%s intellectual and so-called spiritual 1ualities

8 woman /umped to her eet and said0 36hy0 I hear these things taught in this university everyday The proessor o psychology goes to the $oard and draws a diagram <e says0 %4ou areonly a machine 4ou are no more and no less 4ou are a pattern o conditioned $ehavior Themachinery o your $ody is very complex Indeed0 your $rain is so complex that it gives the ➩

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impression o reedom0 choice0 and volition &ut actually0 you are as automatic as anautomo$ile 4ou have no soul0 you have no spirit0 and0 in the last analysis0 you have no mind%<e laughs at ;od and he laughs at morality3

That man is not necessarily a Communist <e may even consider himsel an anti-Communist&ut every student who $elieves what he teaches will ind the Communist program logical andappealing 'or Communism carries this teaching to its logical conclusion

Communism says that every characteristic and attitude o the human personality emergesrom the $rain The $rain is ormed $y the accumulation o experiences in the orm oconditioned relexes These experiences are provided $y the environment which is

predominantly economic 6hat we thin)0 what we eel0 what we $elieve0 whom we love0 andwhom we worship merely relect our economic environment

"nce you accept this0 it ollows0 as night ollows day0 that i you can control completely theenvironment0 you can generate the mind and character you desire Thus Communism $ecomesa program or scientiic0 materialistic regeneration

This program or regeneration opens a wonderul vista or the human mind The RussianCommunists already claim to have successully regenerated many people "ne $oo) theyhave pu$lished is entitled Peoples Regenerated. They claim they will produce perect peoplewith perect $odies0 perect minds0 and perect characters0 living together in perect happinessThis is to $e done $y means o science

The irst step in the program is to ace realistically the scientiic needs The presentenvironment is Capitalistic and evil0 creating degenerates0 criminals0 and sundry viciouscharacters 6hile that environment continues0 human nature cannot $e changed To try and

persuade people to $e dierent while they live in an environment that determines how theyact is atuous nonsense It is li)e trying to dry the $a$y while he is still lying in the $ath water

To $e successul0 you must ta)e him out o the water irst (imilarly0 i man is to $e changed0he must $e removed rom his Capitalistic environment To do this0 the Communists mustcon1uer the world and utterly destroy the Capitalist environment Capitalism will then $ereplaced $y (ocialism which is $uilt not on proit0 greed0 and sel0 $ut on service0 cooperation0and others

In the new environment o (ocialism0 the $a$es will receive new experiences which willcondition them to unselish0 voluntary service The $a$es will grow to children0 the childrento adolescents0 and the adolescents to adults <ow dierent things will $e5 *veryone willwor) $ecause he loves to wor) *veryone will give $ecause it is $etter to give than to receiveThe hand o none will $e raised in anger against his $rother !o longer will there $e need or a

police orce0 or there will $e nothing or the police to do There will $e no income tax to pay0

$ecause people0 wor)ing willingly0 s)ilully0 and creatively0 will produce total a$undance0 $utwill parta)e merely to the extent o their limited needs 8ll that mars the happiness o manwill $e gone orever ice0 crime0 amine0 pestilence0 and war will $e merely words rom aorgotten past0 while a$undance0 $rotherhood0 and mutual0 co-operative service will $ind livestogether in the golden day o Communism that has dawned upon the earth

're1uently ater depicting this promise o Communism0 I am accused o ma)ing it appear tooattractive This is exactly the way it appears to the student That is why student-intellectuals

/oin the Party This is /ust how Communism is presented to them0 and on their materialistoundation0 it is logical Liu (hao-chi in his $oo)0 How to Be a Good Communist 0 writes2

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6hat is the most undamental and common duty o us Communist Party mem$ers98severy$ody )nows0 it is to esta$lish Communism0 to transorm the present world into aCommunist world Is a Communist world good or not9 6e all )now that it is very good Insuch a world there will $e no exploiters0 oppressors0 landlords0 capitalists0 imperialists orascists There will $e no oppressed and exploited people0 no dar)ness0 ignorance0

$ac)wardness0 etc In such a society all human $eings will $ecome unselish and intelligentCommunists with a high level o culture and techni1ue The spirit o mutual assistance andmutual love will prevail among man)ind There will $e no such irrational things as mutualdeception0 mutual antagonism0 mutual slaughter and war0 etc (uch a society will0 o course0

$e the $est0 the most $eautiul and the most advanced society in the history o man)ind 6howill say that such a society is not good9 <ere the 1uestion arises2 %Can Communist society $e

$rought a$out9% "ur answer is %yes% 8$out this the whole theory o Marxism-Leninism oersa scientiic explanation that leaves no room or dou$t It urther explains that as the ultimate

result o the class struggle o man)ind0 such a society will inevita$ly $e $rought a$out F,G

It is on the oundation o materialism that this scientiic program or human regeneration is

$uilt

There are0 o course0 one or two unpleasant steps on the way to this glorious goal "ne othese is the pro$lem o dealing with those who populate the world when the Communistscon1uer it These people0 ormed in the old environment0 will thin)0 eel0 love0 and worship inan esta$lished pattern I they are allowed to raise their young0 they will reproduce in themtheir own 1ualities0 and the Communist aim o generating new characters and perect humansociety will $e thwarted "$viously0 thereore0 they cannot $e allowed to remain where theyare

(ome o them will $e segregated and used to do some useul wor) until they die (ome othem can $e reeducated in re-educational institutions0 namely0 the la$or hospitals The diseaseo Capitalist character0 according to the Communists0 is determined $y the alse la$orrelationships o the Capitalist system In Capitalist society0 la$or is associated with proit orreward0 whereas la$or should $e its own reward The unortunate victims o Capitalist societywill $e ta)en in their diseased state0 and put into Communist institutions o pure la$or Therethey will rise in the morning to la$or0 and will go to $ed at night weary and exhausted withnever a thought o any reward The therapeutic o la$or will cure them o their grievousCapitalistic disease The Communists consider themselves humane in the extreme or

providing these therapeutic institutions o la$or to regenerate diseased Capitalist man)ind Itis our $ourgeois ignorance that causes us to classiy them as slave la$or camps

It is only the young0 however0 who merit the curative process The older mem$ers o the

diseased classes who are esta$lished in their ways must o$viously $e destroyed This theCommunists $elieve to $e their duty (uch people would not $e happy in the newenvironment It is )indness to destroy them--a type o social euthanasia The Communistshave no conscience a$out it $ecause0 according to their materialist philosophy0 it is $ut a steptowards the glorious goal o the regeneration o all man)ind This step may seem a littleunpleasant i $ourgeois sentimentality persists0 $ut it is 1uite necessary to the process oregenerating man)ind

The record o Communism is one o recurrent ratricide and genocide Their contempt orindividual human lie has )nown no $ounds 6hether the lie to $e sacriiced was that oriend or oe appears to have $een immaterial The Communist Party o Russia devoured its

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➩ own creators (talin put to death a ma/ority o the original &olshevi)s The Communistsdestroyed not only landlords and Capitalists0 $ut peasants and wor)ers0 +almuc)s and &altswith e1ual erocity In spite o )nowing this0 the allegiance o many educated0 apparentlycultured 8merican Communists has not $een shattered Many people are ama#ed that they donot turn rom Communism in loathing and repulsion when conronted with its unuttera$le

$ar$arism0 $rutality0 and intellectual prostitutionTo the dedicated Communist0 however0 these are $ut the temporary necessary sacriices which

the glorious uture demands To wipe out the residual Capitalist de$ris is not murder $ut socialscience (ince any individual man is a mere historic accident0 an undergraduate $east0 it isstupid to regard him as o ininite value It is the species and the class that are important TheCapitalist class has $een re/ected o history and must $e destroyed

Capitalism in 8merica has developed to a greater degree than Capitalism in many othercountries Thereore the num$er inected $y the capitalist virus is larger than in other lands 8greater program o elimination will thus $e needed It is pro$a$le and natural that0 shouldCommunism prevail in 8merica0 a program o class li1uidation will ensue that will dwarsimilar programs in other countries

To those Capitalists who can regard the triumph o Communism with e1uanimity0 I would as)the 1uestion2 6hat will $e your attitude when you and your amily ace destruction $ecause oyour mem$ership in the historically re/ected Capitalist class9 8s the wide-$ore revolver withthe sot-nosed $ullet is placed at the nape o your nec) to shatter your pattern oCapitalistically conditioned relexes into a $loody o$livion0 will you $e a$le to comort yourdying hours with the thought that you are dying in a good cause0 in the interests o thescientiic regeneration o the animal species homo sapiens and the $irth o the classlesssociety9

ntellectual Pri%e

8 third actor in the ma)ing o a Communist is intellectual pride The student o eighteen ornineteen years o age is $eginning to eel the reedom o his new intellectual environment <eis /ust $eginning to reali#e how little his parents )now 'or sixteen or seventeen years the trutho their $ac)wardness and ignorance passed him $y0 $ut now the light is dawning <e hascome to reali#e the sordidness o the traditions o his own country and to discover thatnational heroes0 even men li)e 6ashington and Lincoln were motivated $y personal0 selishgreed &ecoming disenchanted with his amily and national heritage0 he is ripe or conversionto Communism Convinced o his intellectual $rilliance0 he sees himsel as master o the

situation0 as one who is entitled0 $ecause o his superior intelligence0 to $e the executive o thegreat program or the regeneration and perection o all man)ind Man)ind certainly needschanging0 and he is /ust the man to do it

/nulille% Religious Nee%

The ourth actor in the ma)ing o a Communist is unulilled religious need 3Man shall notlive $y $read alone3 Lie needs a purpose Man is $orn with a heart to worship ;od0 to reachout or something $igger and $eyond himsel0 to see) some no$le vision or which tosacriice0 some purpose or which to live and die 6hen denial o the existence o ;od

7,



deprives him o his natural ulillment0 Communism provides a su$stitute It gives him a senseo purpose and destiny0 gives meaning to lie0 and provides a motive or sacriice

People are mystiied when a man $orn to great wealth and social position $ecomes aCommunist0 spends his ortune or Communist purposes0 and even goes to /ail in the interestso the Communist cause To many people0 this does not ma)e sense

Let us try to put ourselves in his position 8s a child he has the inest tutors <e is veryintelligent ery early in lie he learns that there is no ;od0 that the idea o ;od is or dull andsecond rate minds0 and that he0 in the purity and perection o his intellect0 has no need or;od <e accepts the Darwinian hypothesis concerning the origin o man0 and the Marxianhypothesis concerning the origin o civili#ation0 culture0 morality0 ethics0 and religion

8s a young man he sits on the mount o learning and watches the progress o the animalspecies rom the /ungles via savagery and $ar$arism to civili#ation <e watches the

productive orces as they operate on the human species dividing it into nations and classes0creating cultures0 civili#ations0 moral codes0 educational and political institutions andreligious aith <e sits a$ove it all0 and $eyond it all <e is lost in lonely isolation Lie isdevoid o meaning0 purpose0 and o$/ective 4et he is a young man with all the idealism andemotional urgency o youth 6here can he ind ulillment9 (ome see) it in sporting lie.some in the lie o a play$oy These outlets have little appeal or him

(uddenly he hears a whisper on the $ree#e that history in the goodness o its heart is callingunto itsel a ew o its inest and its $est-- superior intellects0 courageous characters with aninsight into its mind and its purpose0 and a )nowledge o historic law and historic will. that itis uniting them into its inest organi#ation and giving them the destiny o con1uering theworld and regenerating man)ind It comes as a vision o glory It sets a song singing in hisheart It puts stars $eore his eyes It leads him orward to live and0 it necessary0 to die in theCommunist cause In it he inds a religious reuge or his godless and un$elieving heart

Communists are not $orn. they are made They are $eing ormed constantly on the campuseso the world 8s long as youth is disillusioned0 materialistically orientated and spirituallyunulilled0 there will $e no dearth o Communist recruits <erein lies our greatest challenge

, Liu (hao-Chi0 <ow to &e a ;ood Communist FPe)ing0 China2 'oreign Languages Press0,E?EG0 pp >H->A

➩

77



! The "o#ding o a Communist

Communist art34 5rigin and 5rganization

The achievements o Communism are unprecedented in the annals o human history TheCommunists have repeatedly achieved the impossi$le They have made idiots o every expert8ny man who had predicted twenty years ago0 the situation that exists in the world today0would have $een laughed to scorn <ow have they done it9 6hat orce has $een let looseupon the world9

The achievements o Communism are the achievements o organi#ation The CommunistParty was ormed0 not on a principle o economic doctrine or philosophy $ut upon a principleo organi#ation Communism is the great illustration o the truism that organi#ation will

inevita$ly con1uer disorgani#ation and spontaneity

0rigin

+arl Marx and 'rederic) *ngels were the authors o the $asic philosophic and economicCommunist doctrines They lived and wrote rom a$out ,A?B to ,AEB During their lives0many movements were ormed to advanced Marxist teaching 8 Marxist party was inallyormed in Russia under the name o the (ocial Democratic La$or Party The individual largelyresponsi$le or its ormation was a man called Ple)hanov

In ,EB> a conerence o the Russian (ocial Democratic La$or Party was held in &russels0

&elgium The police0 o$/ecting to this international gang o rac)eteers and revolutionariesmeeting in their air city0 as)ed them to move0 whereupon they went across to London0*ngland0 the historic haven o reugees This congress in ,EB> is one o the signiicant eventsin world history

8 young man named ladimir Ilyich Lenin came to the congress with very deinite ideasa$out the type o organi#ation that was necessary to achieve $asic Marxist o$/ectives Lenindesired a party organi#ed on military lines0 composed o proessional revolutionaries su$/ectto maximum discipline and indoctrination <e desired a party o total o$edience andsu$mission that would operate with a single mind and will 8t the congress0 he introduced amotion to implement his ideas concerning the nature o the Party <e moved that no one $e

accepted as a mem$er o the Party unless he served in a disciplined capacity in one o theParty organi#ations 8 man could not come and say0 3I approve the doctrines0 the aims and themethods o your Party I%d li)e to /oin I%ll pay my mem$ership dues I%ll a$ide $y the rules(ign me up3 This was not the way it was to $e done Lenin declared that i a man wished to

/oin the Party0 he should irst lin) up with one o its wor)ing units The Party operatedthrough multiple local organi#ations (ome o these units met in neigh$orhoods0 others met inactories0 while still others met in the military orces <aving /oined one o these units0 theindividual could prove himsel $y wor)ing within it in a disciplined0 o$edient ashion "nly inthis way should he come into Party mem$ership

Lenin%s motion was opposed $y Martov who approved the idea in principle0 $ut who thoughtit a little too extreme <e pointed out that there were certain important individuals who would

7>



$e em$arrassed i they had to serve in a hum$le0 disciplined capacity in one o the Partyorgani#ations-- such people as mem$ers o the aristocracy0 important $usinessmen0 leadinggovernment servants0 university proessors Many o these people approved o the Party andwere willing to support it0 $ut they would $e em$arrassed i they had to /oin a street cornergroup and engage in its activities Thereore he suggested a special clause that would allow

general mem$ership or special people who could come into mem$ership without /oining oneo the wor)ing units

Lenin0 however0 stood irm0 insisting that they did not want such people They needed a partyo unity0 discipline and o$edience0 with every mem$er under o$servation and control Thoseunwilling to /oin on these conditions could $ecome sympathi#ers and helpers0 $ut they mustremain on the outside The Party wanted no mem$er who was not totally su$/ect to Partydiscipline

The vote was ta)en and Lenin o$tained a ma/ority The Russian word or ma/ority is a)in to3$olshevi)3 and the word or minority is a)in to 3menshevi)3 The ollowers o Lenin $ecame)nown as the &olshevi)s0 and those o his opponent0 Martov0 were )nown as the Menshevi)s

It was a seemingly unimportant dierence o opinion concerning Party mem$ership0 $ut theclet that is caused has $ecome the determinant o the destiny o the world !either Lenin norMartov reali#ed its depth and signiicance They held unity conerences periodically0 $ut therewere 1uarrels and the clet widened In ,E,H the division $ecame ormal and inal In thatyear0 Lenin returned to Russia rom exile in ;eneva0 (wit#erland0 ater the revolution that hadoverthrown the C#ar0 and renamed the &olshevi) segment o the Russian (ocial DemocraticLa$or Party the Communist Party o Russia F&olshevi)G 'rom that tiny ragment0 the entire

present world Communist movement has developed

There has never $een any growth li)e that o the Communist Party in the history o man)ind(ome measure o its growth is revealed $y the act that0 in one generation0 the Communists

have con1uered more people than Christians have even told a$out Christ ater nearly twothousand years (ome measure o their progress is indicated $y the act that today there areive children in school learning in detail the godless doctrines o Communism or every onechild in school learning anything a$out Christ The success o the Communist Party has $eendue to the ceaseless activity o this Leninist organi#ation

The irst step is the recruitment o an intellectual elite to $e the core o the Communist PartyThe idea is not to recruit great masses o people The concept is that o a disciplined anddedicated minority who con1uer the masses $y reason o their superior )nowledge andorgani#ation (ome o the inluences that lead to the recruitment o the intellectual havealready $een discussed It is no light thing to /oin the Communist Party The mem$ership

price is very heavy It is yoursel *verything you are and everything you hope to $e is givenutterly to the Communist Party (ome idea o the concept that the Communists have o theirrole and destiny is given $y the speech o :oseph (talin on the death o Lenin

Comrades0 we Communists are people o a special mould 6e are made o a special stu 6eare those who orm the army o the great proletarian strategist0 the army o Comrade LeninThere is nothing higher than the title o mem$er o the Party whose ounder and leader wasComrade Lenin It is not given to everyone to $e a mem$er o such a party It is not given toeveryone to withstand the stresses and storms that accompany mem$ership in such a party Itis the sons o the wor)ing class0 the sons o want and struggle0 the sons o incredi$le privation

7?



and heroic eort who $eore all should $e mem$ers o such a party That is why the Party othe Leninists0 the Party o the Communists0 is also called the Party o the wor)ing class

Departing rom us0 Comrade Lenin ad/ured us to hold high and guard the purity o the greattitle o mem$er o the Party 6e vow to you0 Comrade Lenin0 that we will ulil your $ehest

with creditF,G

In his $oo)0 How to Be a Good Communist 0 Liu (hao-chi0 President o Communist China0outlines the 1ualities demanded o a Communist

6hether or not a Communist Party mem$er can a$solutely and unconditionally su$ordinatehis personal interests to the Party%s interests under all circumstances is the criterion withwhich to test his loyalty to the Party0 to the revolution and to the Communist cause

To sacriice one%s personal interests and even one%s lie without the slightest hesitation andeven with a eeling o happiness0 or the cause o the Party0 or class and national li$eration

and or the emancipation o man)ind is the highest maniestation o Communist ethics This isa Party mem$er%s highest maniestation o principle This is the maniestation o the purity o

proletarian ideology o a Party mem$erF7G

The demand is or a$solute and unconditional su$-ordination o personal interests to theParty%s interests under all circumstances The Communist must not only $e prepared to die orCommunism0 $ut he must eel happy while he is dying Lenin deined Communists as 3deadmen on urlough3 The Communist dies to sel0 and gives the Community Party his lie

0rganiation

The principle o Communist Party organi#ation is )nown as 3democratic centralism3 TheParty0 at the $ase0 is made up o local units0 each containing a small num$er o people Thisunit may $e called a cell0 a clu$ or any innocuous name It may $e a neigh$orhood group0 aactory group0 a school group or a nationality group *ach local group elects a representativeto a district council which co-ordinates the actions o the local units This election orepresentatives is the democratic aspect o the organi#ation <owever0 the local unit may notinstruct its representative how to vote at the district council "nce elected0 he is responsi$le tothe district council0 not his local group

6hen the district council meets0 each issue is openly de$ated with arguments or and against0until the vote is inally ta)en 6hen the vote is ta)en0 a change comes over the situation "nce

the vote is ta)en0 the decision is unanimously $inding on every mem$er o the committee&ac) they go to their local units to carry the verdict to them They may not go $ac) and say03This is how the committee voted0 $ut personally I was against it3 They must present theverdict enthusiastically and with conviction The decision o the district council is $inding onevery mem$er o the local group !o decision can ever $e appealed $elow Under specialcircumstances it can $e appealed to a higher committee

In a similar ashion0 the district committees elect representatives to a higher committee Thedecisions o that higher committee0 once made0 are unanimously $inding on every mem$er0and $inding everywhere $elow it0 with a possi$ility o appeal a$ove 'inally0 the CentralCommittee o the Party is reached 'rom the Central Committee there is elected the executive

7@








o the Central Committee0 )nown as the Presidium0 ormerly called the Polit$uro 6ith thiscommittee the ultimate is reached (ince decisions made at each committee level areunanimously $inding everywhere $elow it0 decisions made $y the top committee0 thePresidium o the Central Committee0 are a$solute and inal There is no possi$ility o appealTheir decisions carry the character o a$solute truth

The mem$ers o this Presidium are tried0 proven Communists They have wor)ed their wayup $y hard0 dedicated service They are long esta$lished in the principles o Communistdiscipline and o$edience and they o$serve unalteringly the principle that the ma/ority vote itinal and a$solute &eore the vote is ta)en0 they may oppose a proposal vehemently0 $ut oncethe vote is ta)en they must $elieve that the ma/ority decision is right with their whole heart

!o vestige o conscientious o$/ection remains 8s a united $ody they report to the CentralCommittee The Central Committee hears the report0 is instructed in the reasons or it0 andunanimously approves it 'rom the Central Committee0 the delegates go down to the nextcommittee level where the same process is repeated The report is given0 unanimouslyapproved0 and processes to wor) it out are esta$lished In this way0 a decision reached at the

top committee level $ecomes $inding on every mem$er throughout the entire organi#ationPeriodically0 we see evidence o what appears to $e undamental division within theCommunist Party Leading Communists are suddenly hurled rom their seats o power They

plunge into the a$yss o shame0 disgrace0 and0 re1uently0 o death 6hen we hear o1uarreling in the top ran)s o Communism0 we smile happily and wait or the split to come0and or Communism to disintegrate &ut our hopes are always doomed to disappointment

$ecause we do not understand that 1uarreling at the top level o Communism leading to thedisgrace o leading Communists is not an evidence o division0 $ut a proo o unity It is not amaniestation o wea)ness. it is a sign o strength

<istorically0 this is 1uite easy to prove In ,E7?0 Lenin died <e let the destiny o world

Communism in the hands o a Polit$uro o seven men 8ll were Communist world igures0each o them utterly dedicated to the Communist cause 8ll o them had given a lietime oservice to Communism0 had orsa)en home0 amily0 and ortune0 had undergone hardship andsuered imprisonment and privation or the sa)e o Communism 6hen Lenin died0 theyturned on one another in an orgy o mutual destruction 6hen the inal record was written0(talin had emerged victorious and the other six died violent deaths 8ccording to ourcustomary interpretation0 the Communist Party should have $een rent asunder and haveshivered into ragments In actual act0 the very reverse too) place It ac1uired a monolithicunity and strength0 and went ahead to con1uer well nigh hal the world

This seems incomprehensi$le $ecause the principle o democratic centralism has not $eenunderstood 8ccording to this principle0 the decision o the Presidium is a$solute I thatcommittee votes that one mem$er is a traitor0 he must $elieve that he is a traitor0 he mustconess that he is a traitor0 and he must welcome his own execution 'or his mind is the mindo the Party0 and his lie $elongs to the Party The willingness o the top Communistleadership to act in this way is an evidence o unity and strength0 not o division andwea)ness It reveals their total dedication and devotion to the party

6hen Lenin died0 the great name in Communism was Leon Trots)y The name Trots)y waslin)ed with that o Lenin throughout the chancelleries o the world as the author o theCommunist revolution Most people expected Trots)y to assume power Trots)y was a greatorator0 a military genius0 a $rilliant philosopher0 historian and author

7



&ut Trots)y had /oined the &olshevi)s only in ,E,H <e was more or less a 3:ohnnie comelately3 In ,EB>0 he had $een called 3the dagger o Lenin03 and was Lenin%s spo)esman In,EB@0 when revolution $ro)e out in Russia0 Trots)y was the chairman o the Petrograd (oviet6hen the revolution ailed he was arrested and $rought to trial <e made a great oratoricaldeense o the right o revolution0 $ut was convicted0 and sentenced to lietime (i$erian exile

C#arist treatment o political prisoners was $enign and compassionate compared with thetreatment meted out $y the Communists <e escaped shortly ater he arrived in (i$eria0 andwent into *uropean exile

&etween ,EB@ and ,E,H Lenin and Trots)y 1uarrelled constantly a$out points o doctrineLenin led the &olshevi)s. Martov led the Menshevi)s. and Trots)y led an intermediate grouptrying to conciliate the &olshevi)s and the Menshevi)s Trots)y called Lenin the exploiter othe worst elements o the proletariat Lenin called Trots)y a compromiser without principle

Lenin returned to Russia in 8pril0 ,E,H0 and ormed the Communist Party rom the &olshevi)segment o the Russian (ocial-Democratic La$or Party Trots)y arrived in May rom !ova(cotia0 Canada0 where he had $een interned <e was met at the railway station $y cheering

throngs and made a speech in line with the policies o Lenin In :uly0 ,E,H0 he /oined the&olshevi)s 6hen the :uly revolution was a ailur0 Trots)y was arrested and Lenin went intohiding <owever0 inluences were $rought to $ear or Trots)y%s releast <e was re-electedchairman o the Petrograd (oviet0 and chairman o the Military Revolutionary Committee 8ssuch he was oicial military head o the Communist revolution 'ollowing the success o therevolution0 he was 'oreign Minister and creator and Commander-in-Chie o the Red 8rmy<e was leader o the Red 8rmy while it deeated the armies o intervention <e was a mem$ero the Polit$uro until ,E7?

Trots)y had a great name and a great popular ollowing <e was a hero to the Red 8rmy &utthe act that he had a great name was unimportant The act that he was Commander-in-Chie

o the Red 8rmy0 and its idol0 was also unimportant The only important thing was the vote hecould get in the Polit$uro o the Communist party ater Lenin%s death Trots)y received practically no votes at all0 or inoviev0 +amenev0 and (talin ormed a triumvirate to )eephim out o power The death o Lenin was ollowed $y an interregnum o collectiveleadership Trots)y was expelled rom the Polit$uro0 dismissed as Commander-in-Chie o theRed 8rmy0 and exiled rom Russia <e could have ta)en the Red 8rmy and turned it againstthe Communist Party0 $ut he reused to do so The Communists have a name or the act ousing military power or political purposes They call it 3&onapartism3 Trots)y scorned&onapartism <e said0 3<istory has given one instrument only or the ulillment o its

purpose That instrument is the Communist Party3 6hen he was escorted to the Tur)ish $order0 he ma)e them push him across <e wanted it on record that he had not let Russia o

his own volition<e settled eventually in Mexico City where he organi#ed and wrote <e ormed the 'ourthInternational <is name0 meanwhile0 had $ecome the synonym o evil and hatred within theCommunist empire The word 3Trots)yite3 was the vilest curse word their tongues could ind'inally he was assassinated $y a young man who wormed his way into the Trots)yorgani#ation and awaited his opportunity 6hen that moment came0 he too) a short-handledax0 the )ind used or mountain-clim$ing0 and crashed it through the s)ull and into the $rain oLeon Trots)y

7H



Trots)y had the greatest reputation in Russia on the death o Lenin &ut Trots)y was voted out $y the Polit$uro0 and his ame availed him nothing 8ccording to the principle o democraticcentralism0 the decision o the Polit$uro o the Communist Party is inal and a$solute

The men who caused Trots)y%s overthrow in the Polit$uro were inoviev0 +amenev0 and(talin inoviev and +amenev had $een Lenin%s lielong colla$orators and co-wor)ers Theywere $rilliant writers with amous names inoviev was in charge o the Leningrad (ovietorgani#ation and head o the Communist International +amemev was President o (ovietRussia (talin did not have the $rilliance0 the oratory0 or the writing s)ill o the other two0 $uthe was (ecretary o the Polit$uro and the Party 8s secretary0 he was the man who appointedall the provincial oicials <e was the $ureaucrat par excellence (uddenly0 to theirama#ement0 inoviev and +amenev ound themselves isolated in the Polit$uro They wereexpelled rom the Polit$uro0 and rom the Communist Party They hum$led themselves0conessed their sins0 and pleaded or readmission to the Party as ordinary mem$ers Theirre1uest was granted Thus $egan the mad0 recurring cycle o conession0 expulsion0 andreadmission until0 inally0 the great (talinist purges o ,E>0 they stood up and said0 36e are

unit to live 6e have $etrayed the wor)ing class Please ta)e us out and shoot us3 (talinhastened to grant their last re1uest

The rise o (talin to complete power was unnoticed until accomplished It was widelyanticipated that the mantle o Lenin%s power would inally rest on the capa$le shoulders o

!i)olai &u)harin &u)harin was a $rilliant Communist theorist0 the author o The A B C o

Communism0 head o the Communist International ater the decline o inoviev. a man o thecali$er o Lenin himsel 6hen the vote was ta)en0 however0 (talin was victorious $y ama/ority o our to three "nce the vote was ta)en it was $inding on all seven mem$ers o thePolit$uro Unanimously they went down to report the verdict to the Central Committee and0inally0 the vote at the top $ecame the $elie and the marching orders o the entire CommunistParty There is no way where$y 1uarreling among the leadership can transer itsel to Party

mem$ership

(talin was then in complete power <e appointed those whom he approved 8s secretary othe Polit$uro0 he was in charge o the calling o the meetings and determined the agenda othose meetings 'rom ,E7E until his death in ,E@> his power remained a$solute

The rise o (talin to personal and a$solute dictatorship was not due to the 1ualities o his personality0 $ut due to the nature o the structure o the Communist Party 8n acceptedCommunist principle is that every mem$er is su$/ect to Party discipline This is a euphemismor the reality that every mem$er is under constant0 personal0 intimate supervision Theorgani#ed instrument to administer Party discipline was called "rg$uro 8ssociated with itwas the internal Party police Individuals rose to great heights o administrative power withinthe Communist Party0 yet the secret police supervised their lives in minute detail Theirtelephone calls were monitored Their individual interviews recorded Their papers0 $oth

personal and pu$lic0 were at the disposal o the secret police who possessed a )ey to the saeo every oicial The only Communist oicial to whom this did not apply was the num$er oneman0 :oseph (talin To him the secret police inally reported and rom him they too) theirorders

Thus every mem$er o the Polit$uro0 powerul as he was0 was isolated rom all othermem$ers There was no possi$ility o the prior consultation necessary i united and plannedaction was to $e ta)en at a Polit$uro meeting I two mem$ers should meet and (talin should

$ecome suspicious0 they could 1uic)ly $e arrested and thus prevented rom reaching the next

7A



meeting In this way0 each meeting o the Polit$uro was under the complete domination o(talin 8ll other mem$ers in attendance were isolated rom each other and the inormation onwhich their decisions were to $e made was given to them $y (talin himsel In this manner his

power $ecame limitless

<is achievements are un$elieva$le +hrushchev recounts them in detail in his speechattac)ing the cult o personality and outlining the 3mista)es3 o (talin0 $ut he does not clearlyindicate how (talin did it <e tell us0 or example0 that (talin put to death the military leaderso Russia who were the idols o the armed orces <e tells us that (talin caused to $e arrestedand shot or treason HB percent o the Central Committee that elected him to power in ,E>?--EA mem$ers out o ,>H <e tells us o entire nationalities that (talin destroyed <e relateshow0 during the war0 (talin sat in an oice with a glo$e in ront o him and gave speciicorders to the military commanders in the ield In one operation alone0 $ecause o theignorance o (talin and his reusal to heed the plea o the commanders in the ield0 hundredso thousands went to their deaths +hrushchev tells us what (talin did0 $ut he does not explainwhat gave him the power to do it <ow does a man put to death the ma/ority o the military

commanders9 <ow does he put to death the ma/ority o the leaders o his own political party9+hrushchev gives an indication when he says 3Dierent mem$ers o the Polit$uro reacted indierent ways at dierent times3 To understand this statement0 we must understand thesituation that existed The Polit$uro was made up o seven men0 each o them all-powerulwithin his administrative department0 $ut each o them under constant0 hourly surveillanceThe internal Communist secret police chec)ed everyone they met0 listened in on every phoneconversation0 had a )ey to every sae0 read every document0 and reported everything they didto (talin Two o them might desire to coner on some 1uestion to come $eore the Polit$uroThey could not do it I (talin heard o their meeting0 he would have them arrested $eore thenext session o the Polit$uro was called Thus each o them came to a Polit$uro meetingcompletely unaware o the attitude o other mem$ers !ot one o them had any idea how the

others were going to vote I a man voted against (talin and the motion was deeated0 his liewas ultimately oreit This was the end result o the all-or-nothing law o Communism "nlywhen this situation is clearly visuali#ed can we understand why the other mem$ers o thePolit$uro were powerless to halt the cataract o (talinist criminality "nly in the light o theunderstanding o Communist organi#ation does the plaintive plea o +hrushchev0 3Dierentmem$ers o the Polit$uro reacted in dierent ways at dierent times03 $ecome signiicant

(talin occupied a position o limitless power rom which he operated as a tyrant une1ualed inthe annals o history &ut it was Communism0 not (talin0 that was responsi$le or histremendous power It was the organi#ational structure o Communism that pro/ected him tohis all-powerul position

Communist organi#ation remains the same It has not changed The events ollowing the deatho (talin recapitulate minutely the events ollowing the death o Lenin Multitudes o peoplestand up and say0 38h0 $ut there is a dierence5 (talin used to execute those he expelled0 $ut+hrushchev does not3 (uch people have no )nowledge o history Lenin died in ,E7? (talincame to total power in ,E7E The expellees rom the Polit$uro were not executed until ,E>In the meantime0 they were re1uently given /o$s appropriate to their a$ilities in distant areasThe same thing has happened since (talin died Immediately ater the death o (talin0 therewas a period o collective leadership ollowed $y the emergence o &ulganin and +hrushchev&ulganin was eventually overthrown and appointed to some minor position Today at the top

7E



is the all-powerul +hrushchev0 pro/ected $y the Communist Party to leadership o theCommunist movement throughout the world

Those who prate on the importance o pu$lic opinion within Russia0 and proclaim the powero the Red 8rmy0 are ignorant o the political acts o lie in Communist countries 8ll powerresides in the Communist Party (ome time ago a name re1uently in pu$lic discussion wasthat o hu)ov0 Commander-in-Chie o the Red 8rmy0 riend o President *isenhower "ur

pundits advised that President *isenhower and hu)ov meet and negotiate They pointed outthat the Red 8rmy was a very powerul organi#ation and claimed that hu)ov as itsCommander-in-Chie was the real power in Russia Let hu)ov and President *isenhower gettogether and they could iron out the pro$lems o the world

In truth0 hu)ov%s position as Commander-in-Chie o the Red 8rmy gave him no more powerthan i he had $een head o the &oy (couts 8ll power is in the Communist Party TheCommunist Party is a uniied0 disciplined party The man at the top has all authority 'rom itsmem$ership one disciplined man it ta)en and made Commander-in-Chie o the Red 8rmy Inhis administrative position within the army he is very powerul0 $ut as a Communist he is

totally su$/ect to the orders that come down rom the top o the Communist Party (imilarly0other men are selected to ill all signiicant governmental0 educational0 cultural and religious

positions0 $ut each o them owes complete o$edience to the head o the Party

The dierence $etween the (tate and the Party is rarely understood The head o the Russian(tate may $e an insigniicant individual 6hen (talin was all-powerul within Russia0 whilehe was putting to death the ma/ority o the oicers o the Red 8rmy0 the ma/ority o leadingCommunists0 the ma/ority o industrial managers0 he was merely (ecretary o the CommunistParty 6hen it was necessary or him to meet with President Roosevelt in the capacity o chieo the (oviet (tate0 he appointed himsel to that position 6hen he thought it advisa$le0 heappointed himsel Commander-in-Chie o the Red 8rmy &ut his power never depended on

his $eing President o Russia0 or Commander-in-Chie o the Red 8rmy <is power wasderived rom his position as head o the Communist Party

'or the Communist0 the Party $ecomes the very voice and $reath o ;od The statement $y !i)olai &u)harin $eore his execution is most revealing (aid he0 3Comrades0 I eel it is myduty to ma)e the ollowing statement 4ou all )now that or three months I would saynothing (uddenly I changed and conessed to everything o which I was accused $y theComrade Prosecutor 6hy the change9 I thin) you are entitled to )now 8s the moment odeath approaches and one goes out into the great loneliness0 the thought o going out alone0unorgiven0 apart orm the Party in which I have lived and which to me has $een lie itsel0was a prospect I could not ace. and0 i $y some miracle I should not die0 lie outside the Partywould to me $e worse than death itsel3 There is something rightening a$out a movementthat can evo)e such devotion in one it is a$out to destroy

The curse o Communism is that $y the Party it creates0 it ta)es the idealism o its youngrecruits and uses it as an ultimate instrument o dictatorship0 tyranny and genocide Theirintelligence is prostituted0 their idealism de$auched0 and they are molded into intellectualro$ots o un1uestioning o$edience and rightening eiciency at the disposal o the dictator othe Party

, (elected 6or)s o I Lenin FMoscow2 'oreign Languages Pu$lishing <ouse0 ,E@7G0 p7,

7 Liu (hao-chi0 opcit0 p @B

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$ The Communist at %or&

Communists Fronts -nd Captie 5rganizations

The Communists have never aimed at the conversion o great masses o people toCommunism Their whole concept is that o a small party0 compact0 mo$ile0 disciplined anddedicated0 consisting largely o an intellectual elite It is the tas) o this small group to utili#escientiically the social orces that move and direct the masses o the people so that theCommunist Party may come to power over them0 and impose orci$ly the Communist

program The program o Communism0 then0 is to recruit into the service o the Party greatnum$ers o individuals most o whom are unconscious that they are serving the Communist

purpose

're1uently it is as)ed0 3<ow do you tell a Communist93 It is not always easy I a Communistdoes not wish to reveal his Communist mem$ership0 it may $e diicult indeed to esta$lish theact that he is a Communist "ne test that may give valua$le inormation could $e called the3word test3 There are certain words in rather common usage which mean one thing to peoplein general0 and something entirely dierent to the Communists I such a word is introducedinto conversation0 a person%s position may $e indicated $y his interpretation o that word

"ne such word or example0 is 3sectarian3 To most people0 this word is primarily associatedwith religion To the Communist0 however0 it means 1uite another thing The term 3sectarian3would $e applied to a Communist who pu$licly advocates Communism and there$y isolateshimsel0 instead o /oining an organi#ation and wor)ing hard or its o$/ectives so that he can

inally use that organi#ation or Communist purposes0 there$y multiplying his own powermany times

Lenin clearly discusses sectarianism in his remar)a$le $oo)0 Let 6ing Communism2 anInantile Disorder The $oo) was written as a text$oo) to direct the Third International orComintern which had $een organi#ed in ,E,E to wor) or world revolution It is directed

primarily against a group o enthusiastic young ;erman Communists The position they too)was that they were Communists and proud o it They wanted the whole world to )now Theydisguised neither their o$/ectives nor their methods 6ith their goal clearly in view theymarched towards it0 spurning compromise and deceit 6hatever the diiculty or danger0 theyneither turned nor linched They would die or Communism0 $ut they would not cooperatewith their enemies or compromise their principles

Lenin turned upon these young enthusiasts0 whom he called Let 6ing Communists0 the ull power o his invective which $oth his riends and enemies ac)nowledge as considera$le8lthough he did not $elieve in ;od he said0 3;od <imsel has ordained that the young should

$e stupid3 <e ridiculed their unwillingness to indulge in compromise and deceit <e statedthat they had accepted the limitations imposed $y the $ourgeois enemy Compromise anddeceit were very powerul instruments in the Communist program <e pointed out that aspea)er openly advocating Communism was isolating himsel rom the great ma/ority andlimiting himsel to a handul o ra$id ollowers True Communist strategy was to discover anissue that was important to a large num$er o people0 to ocus upon it0 and to rally to it a large

>,



popular group The test o their Communist cali$er was the s)ill they showed in directing the people thus rallied into the service o the ultimate Communist purpose

In illustration o this principle0 Lenin gave speciic instructions to mem$ers o the CommunistParty o *ngland to /oin the &ritish La$our Party i they could0 and to wor) or <endersonwho was the La$our candidate or Prime Minister at that time <e said2

8t present the &ritish Communists very oten ind it hard to approach the masses and even toget a hearing rom them I I come out as a Communists and call upon the wor)ers to vote or<enderson against Lloyd ;eorge0 they will certainly give me a hearing 8nd I will $e a$le toexplain in a popular manner not only why (oviets are $etter than parliament and why thedictatorship o the proletariat is $etter that the dictatorship o Churchill Fdisguised $y thesign$oard o $ourgeois 3democracy3G0 $ut also that I want with my vote to support <endersonin the same way as the rope supports a hanged man F,G

To $e sectarian0 then0 is to operate in isolation instead o utili#ing the great social orces thatactivate large groups o people (ectarianism ran)s high in the list o cardinal Communist

sins

The Communist ormula or eective action is a simple one It may $e summed up2 Discoverwhat people want0 promise it to them0 and go to wor) to get it or them that you may come to

power over them This is the Communist program o action in any situation

In Marxist schools the Communists study the groups that compose a given society They studythe emotions o each group0 their longings and their grievances0 and they devise a program toexploit these am$itions and resentments They $elieve that each group o people is so shortsighted and so selishly motivated that0 provided you are wor)ing in the interests o their most

pressing desires in the immediate environment0 they will pay no attention to what you are promising and promoting at a distance

The Communist is not at all distur$ed $y the act that he may $e wor)ing simultaneously ortwo groups with conlicting interests and o$/ectives This is not inconsistency. it is theapplication o science

The Communists have one o$/ective-to come to power They will do whatever is necessaryor them to achieve this goal In the economic realm0 or example0 they have no consistenteconomic program rom country to country Communist economic policy is to ind out whatany group wants and promise it to them Classical Marxist economics advocated the collectiveownership o land0 $ut the Communists came to power in Russia and China $y the reverse

policy o the distri$ution o land0 $y ma)ing every$ody a little Capitalist Communist policyis to do whatever is necessary to advance the Communist Party%s drive to dictatorial power

(pea)ing at a girl%s school in Dallas0 Texas0 I outlined to them the Communist ormula oradvance2 'ind out what people want0 promise it to them0 and go to wor) to get it or them inorder to come to power over them "ne girl as)ed the very natural 1uestion0 3I Communists

promise people all sorts o thing $ut do not ulill their promises when they come to power0why are they not thrown out93 I replied0 3I I get into this room $y promising you girls that Ihave a lotion that will ma)e each o you very $eautiul0 and i0 as soon as I get in here0 I pullout a machine gun and train it on you0 why don%t you throw me out93 Communism is0 inessence0 the ulilment o the dearest am$itions o the populace0 and retaining power $y theeicient use o orce

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The Communists go to the wor)ing man and promise him higher wages0 shorter wor)inghours and $etter conditions generally They approach the employer with the glittering prospecto industrial peace0 good trading relations and higher proits To the colored man they promiseirst-class citi#enship They will strive so that he may live where he wants to live0 wor) wherehe wants to wor)0 and marry whom he wants to marry They promise the opponents o the

!egro that they will )eep the colored man where he $elongs To the :ew the vision they present is that they will end anti-(emitism or all time To the 8ra$ they vow that they willeliminate the :ews They tell the Christian o glorious religious reedom and Christian revivalunder Communism Their promise to the <indu is to aid in the conversion o every Christianand Moslem to the <indu religion The Moslem is lured $y the promise o assistance in

promoting the cause o Islam

Their program o deception is so oten successul or two reasons In the irst place0 as ar as people can o$serve in the local situation0 the Communists are sincere and )eep their promisesIt is a characteristic o Communist conduct to wor) hard and sacriicially or the immediateneeds o the group they are endeavoring to exploit

8 Communist attorney will re1uently accept a case without any charge0 and will wor)tirelessly and eectively on $ehal o his client in the courts o the land To the individual andhis riends he appears a true angel o mercy They )now nothing o the deeper motives that lie

$ehind his conduct

8n example o the eective and apparently sincere assistance Communism can render tooppressed minorities comes rom Italy 8 missionary representing an evangelistic Protestantdenomination came into conlict with the local authorities and was prevented rom conductinghis (unday evening services <e was approached $y the Communist leader o that city whosympathi#ed with him in his predicament and claimed that it was a violation o the Italianconstitution which granted reedom to religion

To prove his sincerity he invited the missionary to utili#e the acilities o the Communist Partyhead1uarters to conduct his evening service Thus the preacher stood on the platorm provided

$y the Communist Party under the photograph o the $enign and smiling :oseph (talin and proclaimed the Christian gospel It is easy to imagine how diicult it would $e to convincesuch a man that Communism is incompati$le with religious li$erty <is own experienceassures him that they are the great practical supporters o religious li$erty <e is entirelyo$livious to the act that once Communism assumes power not only his li$erty to preach $utalso his li$erty to $reathe would $e in serious /eopardy

In the second place0 the local o$/ective advanced $y the Communists is re1uently one which0ta)en in isolation0 would merit support They go to religious groups0 or example0 in the name

o peace They are ardent advocates o slum clearance and improved housing Today they arethe exponents o a puritanical morality in contrast to their position some time $ac)

In oreign countries0 Christian missionaries teach the natives such Christian principle as3Thou shalt love thy neigh$or as thysel03 and 3Love your enemies3 The Communist thenapproaches the mission convert with a program which seems to do nothing $ut advance theimmediate well $eing o his neigh$or and thereore merits his support as a Christian <eteams up with the Communist or this one purpose and the irst step is ta)en on the $itter

pathway o deviation and doom which Communism has mar)ed out or his unwary eet

8 )nowledge o the true program o Communism and its strategy and tactics is the only protection good people o every sort have against the Communist snare

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2ronts

In order to involve as many people as possi$le0 the Communists organi#e large num$ers o'ronts0 each o them designed to exploit the sel-interest o a given group (ome o these arelocal and temporary0 simple in ormation and outline0 and designed to exploit some local

situation to the ull "thers are on a world-wide scale with vast0 permanent apparatus wor)ingyear ater year throughout the world 6hether large or small0 the purpose o these 'ronts is torecruit well-meaning people to serve unconsciously the Communist conspiracy

The ollowing experience illustrates rather well a simple Communist method o operation8ter addressing a civic clu$ one noon0 I visited the Communist $oo) store in &er)eley0Caliornia It was called the Twentieth Century &oo)store and at that time was located outsidethe gate o the University o Caliornia 6ith me was a minister who was very well inormedon the su$/ect o Communist techni1ues

"ne entire window o the store was given over to a display o $oo)lets prepared $y theCommunists on $ehal o a !egro called 6ells 6hile serving a lie sentence in (an =uentin

prison0 6ells had thrown a cuspidor in the ace o his guard and had smashed his ace UnderCaliornia law0 a prisoner serving a lie sentence who uses violence against a guard iscustomarily condemned to death The death sentence had $een passed Many people thoughtthat the death sentence was excessive

The Communists saw in this situation a social orce0 an emotion common to a group o peoplewhich could $e exploited or the Communist purpose They set out to stir up agitation on

$ehal o 6ells 8ter some months o agitation0 they had prepared a $oo) o some eighty orninety pages showing what they had allegedly done on 6ells% $ehal The $oo) did not help6ells very much0 $ut it presented the Communist Party in a very $enign and humane light

The minister who was with me too) the $oo) and started to $rowse through it <e had glanced

through the Legal Committee or :ustice or 6ells0 and was reading through the ReligiousCommittee or :ustice or 6ells when he was startled to ind there the name o a riend o his0the minister in whose church I was to spea) that evening <e said0 3Ta)e this $oo) out to him0tell him where you ound it0 and see what he has to say3

That evening we had a ine meeting The minister was intelligent and patriotic <e was aervent evangelical Christian and apparently an inormed anti-Communist isiting ater themeeting I produced the $oo)0 told him where I had ound it0 opened it0 and showed him hisname <is ace ell <e said0 3'ancy their doing that53

3<ow did you come to get mixed up in this93 I as)ed

3I didn%t sign that the sentence $e changed03 he replied0 3$ut only that it $e reviewed33!o you didn%t03 I said0 and I read him the letter to which his signature was attached 3<owdid you $ecome involved in it93

<e said0 38 man said to me that here we had an example o cruelty and $ar$arity0 and that asthe Christian ministry was the servant o the orgiving and loving Christ0 and that surely itwas their duty to protest against the cruel0 $ar$arous treatment o this man I they did not

protest0 who would9 <e gave me the names o other ministers who were associated with this protest0 and I thought it would not do any harm i I let my name go in too3

36hat was the man%s name93 I as)ed

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3<e didn%t tell me his name03 was the reply

36hat did he loo) li)e93

3I didn%t see him3

3<ow did he get in touch with you93

3<e called me on the phone3

3Do you mean to tell me03 I said0 3that a man called you on the phone0 and0 without )nowingwho he was or what he represented0 you allowed your name to go into an organi#ation o thisnature9 Do you )now what will happen9 The 8ttorney ;eneral%s Department0 the <ouse Un-8merican 8ctivities Committee0 or some oicial investigative agency will classiy thismovement as a Communist 'ront (ome$ody will then o$serve your name and you will $eclassiied as a supporter o Communist 'ronts 6hat is more0 the truth is that you aresupporting a Communist 'ront 4ou did not do so willingly0 $ut you have $een outsmartedThey have exploited your $asic Christian compassion or their purpose3

This is a regular Communist method o operating 8ny$ody not speciically inormed a$outtheir methods could have $een trapped in a similar ashion I has happened to thousands :&Matthews made the statement that seven thousand Protestant ministers in the United (tateshave $een involved in the Communist apparatus $y allowing their names to $e associated withsome Communist 'ront <is statement was met with indignant and angry protests and treatedas an attac) on the Protestant ministry There were a ew honest ministers such as DanielPoling o !ew 4or) who hum$ly and courageously ac)nowledged the truth Daniel Polingsaid0 38s one o the seven thousand0 I thin) the igure is ar too low3

The principles according to which a Communist 'ront is organi#ed can $est $e understood interms o a series o concentric circles 8t the center is the Communist Party0 a small groupwhose mem$ers are organi#ed0 disciplined0 and dedicated0 and which has a single mind0 willand purpose This Party is composed o $oth open Communists such as 6illiam 'oster0Chairman o the 8merican Communist Party0 and crypto or hidden Communists0 people whodeny their Communist association and ailiation0 $ut who are nevertheless dedicatedCommunists The Communist Party is never entirely a$ove ground Clear rules to this eectwere laid down in the $y-laws o the Comintern where it is stated that in countries where aCommunist Party is allowed legal existence0 the legal party must $e associated with an illegal

party0 and that the legal party must $e under the control o the illegal party The controllingsegment o the Party is always underground

(urrounding this small party at the center there is the #one o ellow travellers 8 ellowtraveller is one who approves Communist philosophy0 Communist o$/ectives0 Communist

organi#ation and tactics0 $ut who0 or some personal reason0 has not su$mitted himsel to totalParty discipline <e has never $een a$le to reach the point o complete personal surrendernecessary or actual Party mem$ership 'ellow travellers re1uently have guilty consciences

$ecause they are not Party mem$ers They are su$/ect in large measure to Party discipline0and they will willingly and sacriicially wor) with the Communists0 $ut they can go into anycourt in the land0 and swear under oath that they are not Communists $ecause they are notmem$ers o the Party (ome o the prominent and powerul 8mericans who have servedCommunism most aithully have $een ellow travellers There is no evidence0 or example0that <arry Dexter 6hite0 who $etrayed 8merican governmental secrets to the enemy and

provided aid to the Communists in every possi$le way0 was a Communist <e was a ellowtraveller

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(urrounding the #one o ellow travellers is the #one o sympathi#ers This #one containsdierent groups who are sympathetic to the Communist Party-various $rands o (ocialists0colla$orators0 and paciists (ympathi#ers are against certain eatures o Communism Theyclaim to $e against the $rutality o the Communists0 as well as against their use o censorshipand their denial o individual li$erty !evertheless they $elieve that0 on the whole0

Communism has achieved many good things 6hile they cannot approve o Communismaltogether0 they eel that there are many good eatures a$out it0 and that it is progressive andin the interests o the wor)ing class0 and that it is possi$le to associate with the Communistsin a local worthy o$/ective They eel that i they wor) with the Communists0 are tolerant othem0 and love them a little0 they will win them rom their extreme practices0 and that the evileatures o Communism will wither away leaving only that which is worthwhile In the groupthere are a num$er o religionists who are particularly prone to argue in this way

(urrounding the #one o sympathi#ers is the #one o pseudo-li$erals Most o these li$erals areto $e ound in the ivory cloisters o colleges and universities0 re1uently occupying

proessorial chairs0 and usually characteri#ed $y a pseudo-intellectual outloo) They ta)e this

attiude2 3I am against Communism I am against the Communist restraint o human li$erty0 Iam against their censorship0 I am against their dictatorship0 and I am against their $rutality !evertheless0 I reuse to $ecome li)e my enemies in order to oppose them0 and while I hatewhat the Communists say and do0 I will ight or the rights o the Communists to spea) andorgani#e even as I will ight or my own rights3 Thus in eect0 they $ecome the protectorsand the runners o intererence or the Communist conspirators They uphold the right oCommunists to $e proessors in schools and universites They are the great deenders o the'ith 8mendment They contend that no restraint or restriction o any )ind should $e appliedto an individual $ecause he has availed himsel o the 'ith 8mendment 8pparently theirviewpoint is that no$ody should suer any social restraints or disadvantages unless there isevidence that is valid in a court o law

Their argument is allacious $ecause they pro/ect certain conditions which prevail in the realmo law into the realm o privilege and social activity where they do not apply 'or example0 aman approaches the president o a $an) see)ing employment The president0 however0 hasheard a rumor that he was dismissed rom his last employment $ecause he had em$e##ledunds0 and as)s the man i this is true The man reuses to answer on the grounds that he mightincriminate himsel The man is 1uite within his rights in reusing to incriminate himsel0 andcertainly cannot $e sent to prison $ecause o his reply0 $ut i the $an) president were toemploy that man0 he would $e oolish indeed The 'ith 8mendment reers merely toimprisonment and legal penalty 8ny attempt to pro/ect it $eyond that realm is notintellectualism or li$eralism0 $ut stupidity

The ollowing little antasy which I have called 3The Li$eral%s Dilemma3 outlines the positionreached when it is claimed that no restraints can $e placed on anyone in any situation unlessthere is evidence that is valid in a court o law0 and that the 'ith 8mendment carries noimplication o guilt

The Li&eral+s Dilemma

Motherhood is gathered in its $eauty and its purity0 desperately concerned $ecause o theincrease in /uvenile delin1uency due to the prevalence o organi#ed vice in the district (owidespread is /uvenile delin1uency $ecoming that the very oundation o the amily itsel is indanger The mothers are determined that something must $e done to eliminate organi#ed vice

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The 3irth o a 2ront

The essential purpose o the Communist 'ront must $e camoulaged with an alleged purposeo wide popular appeal The Communists are very well aware o what the true o$/ective is0while most o the 'ront mem$ers see only the camoulage 8 permanent Communist o$/ective

is to shit the $alance o world military power in avor o Communist military strength6herever they can wea)en the military strength o any ree country0 they help to achieve this

purpose "ne $asic o$/ective0 then0 is to wea)en militarily all those countries opposed toCommunism "$viously i that real o$/ective were proclaimed0 it would not recruit many

people in those countries 8n organi#ation which had the announced purpose o wea)ening8merica militarily so that Communist con1uest would $e easier would rally ew supportersThereore there must $e an announced o$/ective which will accomplish the same purpose0 $utwhich will present itsel in a totally dierent guise "ne announced purpose could $e the

preservation o peace in the ace o the possi$le horrors o a thermo-nuclear war This is the $asis o the array o unholy peace movements spawned $y Communism

Communist personnel are allotted to set up the organi#ation o the 'ront They enlist a ewellow travellers and together they decide the precise nature o the organi#ation to $e ormedThe purposes are clearly designated0 the $asic executive oicers are selected0 mostly rom theran)s o Communists or ellow travellers0 and the slogans which are to recruit the people areormulated 6hen these preparations have $een made0 the ellow traveller approaches thesympathi#er The Communist himsel does not customarily approach the sympathi#er0 or thesympathi#er has certain 1ualms a$out the Communists <e )nows that they cannot always $etrusted &ut the ellow traveller is a$le to assure him that he is not a Communists0 and thuscan ma)e the approach with every hope o success

<e outlines to the sympathi#er the o$/ective0 namely0 the preservation o peace in the ace othe desperate threat o war and annihilation that hangs over us all <e descri$es the demands

or disarmament which are to $e made0 to Communists and non-Communist countries ali)e<e does not point out0 o course0 that these demands cannot possi$ly have any eect inCommunist countries $ecause there is no pu$lic opinion there that they can inluence0 and thatthe people o the Communist countries cannot even ind out a$out these demands unless theCommunist Party decides to tell them <e does not indicate that the real purpose is toinluence pu$lic opinion in ree countries where the government is elected and controlled $ythe people The sympathi#er0 satisied when these demands are nominally extended to allcountries0 is sold on this magniicent idea and is enlisted in the cause

The sympathi#er then approaches the pseudo-li$eral who thin)s it a wonderul idea <e wouldnot $e happy to participate in a Communist plan0 $ut he )nows the sympathi#er is not a

Communist <e is aware0 may$e0 that the sympathi#er has some radical ideas0 $ut he0 unli)emost other people0 is open-minded0 and does not hold that against him "$viously the idea isan excellent one and merits his support Thus the pseudo-li$eral $ecomes the spo)esman whoapproaches the dupe0 the patriotic $usinessman who will supply the inance and therespecta$ility 8t the periphery0 then0 the patriotic $usinessman is approached $y an anti-Communist li$eral or a worthy o$/ective The money is provided0 names are written on theletterhead0 a pu$lic relations department is esta$lished0 the propaganda is proclaimed0 and theorgani#ed Communist 'ront goes into operation (upericially0 it appears to $e the wor) o

patriotic $usinessmen0 educators0 scientists and others o repute0 $ut $ehind these dupes arethe pseudo-li$erals. $ehind them are the sympathi#ers. and $ehind the sympathi#ers0 at the

>A



very center0 are the unseen Communists and ellow travellers who are in control o policy and program

'ronts such as this have $een ormed a thousand times and in a thousand ways They haverecruited many well-meaning anti-Communists into the service o Communism Thus isCommunist science applied where$y the organi#ed ew multiply their eectiveness $yorgani#ing a mass movement that0 on speciic issues0 can sometimes ma)e and $rea)democratic0 anti-Communist governments 8gain the conclusion is clear that an understandingmind and an alert attitude is the only protection the individual has against involuntaryinvolvement *ternal vigilance is the price o li$erty

Captive 0rganiations

Communist 'ronts have $een organi#ed to exploit la$or0 religion0 art0 civil li$erties0 cultureand nationalism The 'ronts that proclaim Peace and !ational Li$eration have $een

particularly eective In addition to these specially organi#ed 'ronts0 the Communists ma)e

use o organi#ations that have $een in existence or long periods 're1uently0 theseorgani#ations were ormed $y non-Communists or non-Communist purposes0 $ut nonethelessthey $ecome captives o Communism This is made possi$le $y the Communists% willingnessto wor) hard at unpleasant tas)s in the interests o such organi#ations In every organi#ation0there is a certain amount o routine wor) to $e done0 wor) that is not spectacular orinteresting0 and thereore not very appealing to most people 6hen the Communists /oin theorgani#ation0 they wor) hard They are availa$le or dull and menial tas)s They write theletters0 they wrap the pac)ages0 they prepare the mimeographed materials ery oten they arethe inest wor)ers that the organi#ation has 6hen election time comes round0 nothing is morenatural than that they should $e elected to executive oice Thus the Communists0 $y reasono their clarity o purpose0 their drive towards an o$/ective0 and their hard0 dedicated wor)0

ta)e over institutions that have $een created with the money o Capitalist enterprise and usethem to destroy li$erty

The Communists are magniicently organi#ed They have dedicated personnel and they haveac1uired vast experience "nly on a $asis o understanding0 organi#ation and dedication canwe hope to meet and deeat them To hate them is utile (ome o their most eective servantshave $een their $itterest enemies *yes that see and minds that thin) must merge with heartsthat love reedom0 to meet this challenge

, I Lenin0 3Let-6ing3 Communism0 an Inantile Disorder FMoscow2 'oreign LanguagesPu$lishing <ouse0 ,E@BG0 pp ,7B-,

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' Techniues or Seizing ower

hi#osoph3 o 6io#ence

The Communists have wor)ed out $oth theoretical and practical techni1ues or theachievement o their goal o world con1uest "ne o their undamental theoretical texts isLenin%s $oo)0 The (tate and the Revolution which has now $ecome the world%s mosttranslated $oo)

Lenin was in the process o writing this $oo) when he let (wit#erland to return to Russia in,E,H to organi#e the Communist sei#ure o power The revolution that overthrew the RussianC#ar in 'e$ruary0 ,E,H0 was not a Communist revolution0 $ut a spontaneous mass risingsupported $y many dierent groups o people 6hen this genuine revolution too) place0 most

o the important Communist personalities were in exile either in (i$eria or in countriesoutside Russia "nce the revolution was accomplished0 a political amnesty was declaredThereupon0 &olshevi)s and revolutionaries who had $een scattered throughout the worldconverged on Petrograd (talin returned rom exile in (i$eria to assume editorship o theCommunist Party paper0 Pravda Trots)y returned rom !ova (cotia Lenin returned rom;eneva0 (wit#erland0 where his pen had $een pouring orth a loodtide o literature urgingcivil war in Russia Upon his arrival in Petrograd0 he inormed the revolutionary wor)ers thathe had returned to con1uer and govern Russia <is claim caused considera$le astonishment0

particularly in the ran)s o the orthodox Marxists It must $e remem$ered that the &olshevi)so whom Lenin was leader were $ut a small party num$ering some twenty thousand mem$ersLenin%s Marxist critics0 when they heard his claim0 said0 3'arewell0 Lenin the Marxist.

welcome0 Lenin the anarchist53

!onetheless0 Lenin achieved the impossi$le 6ithin six months0 with a small $and o aithulollowers0 he had stolen the legitimate ruits o the revolution0 $etrayed the wor)ing people oRussia0 and esta$lished the greatest tyranny and dictatorship the world has ever )nown The(tate and the Revolution which he was writing at that time is still considered a undamentaltheoretical text$oo) In it Lenin sets orth how the Communists are to come to power withinthe state0 and what they must do once they are in power

Lenin here concentrates upon the necessity o violence <e considers government theinstrument $y which the ruling class controls and exploits the su$/ect class 8ll government isclass government0 and the institutions o a state such as the legislature0 the executive0 the

/udiciary0 the police power0 the tax power0 and the educational institutions0 are the instrumentso the ruling class or the exploitation o the su$/ective class 8ccording to Lenin%s thesis0 thegovernments o *urope and 8merica were $ourgeois governments which existed to exploitthe people These governments could $e overthrown only through violence and $loodshed

To Lenin the use o orce and violence was not to $e merely a reaction to orce and violenceused $y the Capitalists To him orce was an instrument o positive purpose and he was totallydevoid o any apologetic attitude towards its use <e states categorically that violence isessential to their purpose2 3The supersession o the $ourgeois state $y the proletarian state isimpossi$le without a violent revolution3 F,G

?B





In saying this0 Lenin went urther than his mentor0 +arl Marx0 had done Marx had allowedthe possi$ility o $loodless revolutions in *ngland and 8merica Marx claimed that since the

$ureaucracy was not developed to the same extent in these countries as in other *uropeancountries0 and since the police and military power o these states was not so great0 thereexisted the possi$ility o a peaceul transition to (ocialism Lenin said that these conditions no

longer applied In *urope0 in *ngland0 and in 8merica0 the revolution to $ring a$out thetransition rom the $ourgeois state to the proletarian must $e violent There could $e no

possi$ility o non-violent0 successul revolution

"ne o the speciic crimes or which Lenin mercilessly chasti#ed +arl +auts)y0 the leadingMarxist theorist o the (econd International0 was his continued clinging to the possi$ility o a

peaceul transition to (ocialism in *ngland and 8merica as had $een admitted $y Marx In histirade0 The Proletarian Revolution and the renegade +auts)y0 Lenin writes2

'urther0 was there in the seventies anything which made *ngland and 8merica exceptional inregard to what we are now discussing9 It will $e o$vious to anyone at all amiliar with there1uirements o science in regard to the pro$lems o history that this 1uestion must $e put To

ail to put it is tantamount to alsiying science0 to engaging in sophistry 8nd0 the 1uestionhaving $een put0 there can $e no dou$t as to the reply2 the revolutionary dictatorship o the

proletariat is violence against the $ourgeoisie. and the necessity o such violence is particularly created0 as Marx and *ngels have repeatedly explained in detail Fespecially in3The Civil 6ar in 'rance3 and in the preace to itG0 $y the existence o a military cli1ue and a

$ureaucracy &ut it is precisely these institutions that were non-existent precisely in *nglandand in 8merica and precisely in the ,AHB%s0 when Marx made his o$servations Fthey do existin *ngland and in 8merica nowG5F7G

The Communist attitude on violence is re1uently misunderstood *ven the opponents oCommunism thin) that the Communists do not necessarily want violence0 that they use

violence only $ecause the exploiting class resists their assumption o power This was neverthe viewpoint o the Communist leaders0 particularly Lenin and *ngels +auts)y0 who wasreputed to have learned the entire wor)s o Marx $y heart0 was viciously attac)ed $y Leninor his lu)ewarm attitude toward violence +auts)y%s attitude was that they might have to useviolence $ut that i they had to do so it would $e regretta$le0 or violence was $ad andcorrupted those who used it In reply Lenin 1uoted rom *ngel%s $oo)0 8nti DJhring2

That orce0 however0 plays also another role Fother than that o a dia$olical powerG inhistory0 a revolutionary role. that0 in the words o Marx0 is the midwie o every old societywhich is pregnant with a new one0 that it is the instrument with the aid o which socialmovement orces its way through and shatters the dead0 ossili#ed political orms-o this there

is not a wor) in <err DJhring It is only with sighs and groans that he admits the possi$ilitythat orce will perhaps $e necessary or the overthrow o the economic system o exploitation-unortunately0 $ecause all uses o orce0 orsooth0 demorali#es the person who uses it 8nd thisin spite o the immense moral and spiritual impetus which has $een given $y every victoriousrevolution5 8nd this in ;ermany0 where a violent collision-which indeed may $e orced on the

people-would at least have the advantage o wiping out the servility which has permeated thenational consciousness as result o the humiliation o the Thirty 4ears% 6ar 8nd this parson%smode o thought-lieless0 insipid and impotent-claims the right to impose itsel on the mostrevolutionary party that history has )nownF>G

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Lenin was an enthusiastic advocate o violence <is revolution was to $e no peaceultransition It is possi$le to sense the delight with which he proclaimed *ngels% teaching on thissu$/ect2

<ave these gentlemen Fthe anti authoritariansG ever seen a revolution9 8 revolution iscertainly the most authoritarian thing there is. it is the act where$y one part o the populationimposes its will upon the other part $y means o riles0 $ayonets and cannon-authoritarianmeans0 i such there $e at all. and i the victorious party does not want to have ought in vain0it must maintain this rule $y means o the terror which its arms inspire in the reactionaries6ould the Paris Commune have lasted a single day i it had not made use o this authority othe armed people against the $ourgeois9 (hould we not0 on the contrary0 reproach it or nothaving used it reely enough9F?G

The second eature o the revolution descri$ed $y Lenin in The (tate and Revolution was its purpose The purpose o the revolution was not to sei#e control o the (tate0 $ut to destroy itMost o the $oo) is given over to the thesis that the (tate must $e destroyed The (tate

unctions in many ways It unctions through the constitution. it unctions through theexecutive authority-the President0 the Ca$inet0 the :ustice Department0 the Police Department0the Deense Department. it unctions through the legislature0 through the /udiciary0 andthrough the civil service The goal o Communism was not to secure a president exercisingconstitutional power It was not to appoint the ca$inet oicers such as the (ecretary o (tateor Deense The appointment o the /udges was not their avowed o$/ective The purpose wasto destroy utterly the constitution0 the legislative system0 the /udicial system0 and theadministrative system0 to wipe out the (tate and $uild a new one in a totally dierent orm

Lenin%s argument is $ased on Marx%s analysis o what had happened to the 'rench Communein ,AH, when the Communards tried to ta)e over the Capitalist (tate and use it as aninstrument o government The Commune was soon overthrown Lenin said that when a (tate

is allowed to continue0 it inevita$ly carries within itsel the seeds o counter revolution Itsmem$ers have their vested interests in the old society The (tate must $e destroyed This wasexpressed $y 6illiam 'oster0 Chairman o the Communist Party o 8merica in hisstatement2

!o Communist0 no matter how many votes he should secure in a national election0 could0even i he would0 $ecome President o the present government 6hen a Communist heads agovernment in the United (tates-and that day will come /ust as surely as the sun rises-thatgovernment will not $e a capitalistic government $ut a (oviet government0 and $ehind thisgovernment will stand the Red 8rmy to enorce the Dictatorship o the Proletariat

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4eiure o Power

The assumption o power0 then0 is $y violent revolution leading to the destruction o the (tateand the esta$lishment o the dictatorship o the proletariat The Communists wor)ed out

theoretical processes $y which this sei#ure o power was to $e reali#ed <istory now recordsthe practical methods $y which they have sei#ed power in a num$er o countries0 speciically0Russia0 China0 and the misnamed People%s Democracies o *astern *urope

The assumption o power may $e $y various methods o which three will $e discussed Theyare2

,Internal revolt through control o the la$or unions7Military con1uest>Piecemeal surrender to military $lac)mail

Revolt Through La&or /nion Control This traditional method which the Communists have advocated or many years has not as yetsucceeded in the esta$lishment o eective Communist power in any country "riginally theysaw the la$or unions as the instrument through which the Communist Party was to come to

power The program was as ollows The Communists were to iniltrate the la$or unions andsecure executive power within them They were then to call an industrial stri)e Thisindustrial stri)e would $ecome a political stri)e0 then a general stri)e and inally arevolutionary stri)e leading to armed insurrection and the con1uest o power

The irst necessity was to iniltrate the la$or unions Lenin speciically states this in his $oo)03Let-6ing3 Communism0 an Inantile Disorder <ow they got into the la$or unions did not

matter They were to wor) their way in0 lie their way in0 or $uy their way in The all importantthing was that they get in

6e must $e a$le to withstand all this0 Fie insults and persecutionG0 to agree to all and everysacriice0 and even-i need $e-to resort to various stratagems0 artiices0 illegal methods0 toevasions and su$teruges0 only so as to get into the trade unions0 to remain in them0 and tocarry on Communist wor) within them at all costsF@G

n%ustrial 4tri)e

"nce in power0 at the appropriate moment0 they were to call an industrial stri)e 8n industrialstri)e is deined as one directed at the achievement o an industrial goal such as higher wagesor shorter wor)ing hours ;enerally spea)ing0 such a stri)e can always $e called There arealways grievances0 and desires or improved conditions that any intelligent Communist leadercan exploit Moreover0 an industrial stri)e is0 generally spea)ing0 the only type o stri)e whichcan $e organi#ed and maintained with the support o the wor)ers The industrial stri)e mustthen $e transerred into a political stri)e

Political 4tri)e

8 political stri)e is not designed to secure immediate0 tangi$le0 industrial $eneits or thewor)ers0 $ut to destroy the Capitalist system 8 political stri)e is designed to undermine theoundations o authority $y creating chaos0 unemployment0 $itterness0 hunger and ear

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Usually0 a political stri)e0 as such0 cannot $e called0 $ut an industrial stri)e can $e transormedinto a political one 8s the political stri)e extends and grows into a general stri)e0 manysituations will arise where the stri)ing wor)ers come into conlict with organi#ed authority0usually with the police0 $ut sometimes with the military orces

Revolutionary 4tri)e

8s acts o violence come to $e associated with it0 the political stri)e transorms itsel into arevolutionary stri)e 6hen the revolutionary stri)e has developed suiciently and drawn intoits or$it enough wor)ing people0 a general insurrection can ta)e place Thus the insurrection issuccessul0 the Communists0 through their control o the la$or unions0 will $e a$le to esta$lishtheir dictatorship o the proletariat

This method0 their traditional method or the sei#ure o power0 has not yet $rought themsuccess in any country &ut it has $een a most important ad/unct to their sei#ure o power andrehearsals o the process have ta)en place in many countries

The last great stri)e wave organi#ed $y the Communists or this purpose was in the year ,E?EDuring that year there were world-wide0 co-ordinated0 organi#ed stri)es There was a doc)wor)ers% stri)e in *ngland when the &ritish authorities expelled rom &ritain as aninternational Communist agent Louis ;old$latt0 secretary-treasuser o the InternationalLongshore 6or)ers and 6arehousemen%s Union The islands o <awaii approached economicstrangulation during the doc)wor)ers% stri)e that year In 8ustralia there was a coal-miners%stri)e These stri)es were co-ordinated on a world-wide scale

The coal-miners% stri)e in 8ustralia is o special interest as it was a rehearsal o theCommunist program or the assumption o total power In 8ustralia0 the Communist Party isan open political party and nominates candidates or political oice in ederal0 state0 andmunicipal government These nominations are made in the name o the Communist Party &utthe Communists in 8ustralia have always $een a small0 politically insigniicant minority0 andtheir candidates invaria$ly ail misera$ly There is a system in 8ustralia where$y a candidate0when he nominates or an elective oice0 must pay a deposit which is reunded i he secures acertain percentage o the votes o the leading candidate This is designed to prevent rivolouscandidates with no prospect o victory rom swamping the candidate list It is a great day orthe Communist Party i one o their candidates saves his deposit The Communists in8ustralia do not get elected to political oice

<owever0 their industrial power is very strong indeed &y ollowing Lenin%s techni1ue0 thishandul o Communists has come to power in a vast segment o 8ustralia%s la$or unions Theyare very hard wor)ers0 they are good organi#ers0 and they are dedicated &ecause o their

organi#ing a$ility and dedication0 they are re1uently elected to executive union oice

6hen I was a resident medical oicer in the ;eneral <ospital in &ris$ane0 8ustralia0 thelargest hospital in the (outhern <emisphere0 the la$or situation was most interesting Theoicial union o the non-medical wor)ers at the &ris$ane ;eneral <ospital was the 8ustralian6or)ers% Union which0 in its leadership0 was ervently anti-Communist The representative othe wor)ers at the hospital was a man called +ing who was a anatical Communist +ing waselected $y the wor)ers as their representative in the hospital not $ecause he was a Communist0

$ut $ecause he was prepared to wor) or them assiduously and courageously *very day whenthey received their pay chec)s0 +ing stood at the oice and waited I one o them had agrievance0 he went to +ing who immediately went to the management There he yelled and

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shouted i necessary0 in order to have the supposed wrong righted Those wor)ers )new that ithey had a grievance0 +ing would $e on their side0 right or wrong0 and that they could dependon him Thereore0 they made him their representative The union itsel was anatically anti-Communist in its leadership and in its oicial pu$lication &ut local Communists such as+ing were a$le $y sheer hard wor) to exercise considera$le inluence and authority The

wor)ers served $y such men saw only the dedication0 not the ultimate purpose&y this method the Communists were a$le to come to power in a large num$er o 8ustralianunions These unions included the (eamen%s Union o 8ustralia0 the secretary to which was aervent0 sel-proclaimed Communist0 the 6aterside 6or)ers% 'ederation o which thesecretary0 :im <ealy0 was a prominent Communist0 and the Coal Miners% 'ederation whichwas under eective Communist control In ,E?E0 the steelwor)ers% union o 8ustralia0 )nownas the 'ederated Ironwor)ers% Union0 was directed $y Communist oicials0 though these havesince $een expelled Thus the Communists were in considera$le power in a very signiicantsection o organi#ed la$or in 8ustralia

In the winter o ,E?E0 a stri)e was called in the coal mining industry Coal is the lie $lood o

8ustralia The country has no natural petroleum and no natural gas Coal is the source o gas0electricity0 and0 $asically0 the source o transportation It is the economic lie $lood o thecountry This was particularly true in ,E?E There had $een a severe coal shortage since theend o the war There were no coal stoc)s at grass anywhere in 8ustralia Coal that was minedone day was transported or use the ollowing day The coal that is used to provide gas orheating and coo)ing in (ydney comes rom !ewcastle which is one hundred miles to thenorth I a storm was raging and a coal ship was held up0 it was 1uite common or gasrationing to $e imposed till the coal arrived Pu$lic utilities generally operated under theconstant threat o coal starvation

In this situation a coal stri)e was called It was called in deiance o the esta$lished lawul

processes or the settling o disputes0 while the dispute was still $eore the ar$itrationauthorities It was called as an industrial stri)e demanding increased wages and ringe $eneits

6hen the stri)e $egan0 chaos $ecame the order o the day There was immediate rationing ogas and electricity Industries that depended upon electricity had to close down <undreds othousands o men were thrown out o wor) It was illegal to $urn more than one electric light

$ul$ in a home at any one time ;as was allowed or an hour in the morning and an hour inthe evening or coo)ing purposes only It was mid-winter ;as ires and electric radiators0which provide the only heat in most 8ustralian homes0 were prohi$ited without a medical

prescription There were a num$er o tragedies "ld age pensioners0 living in rooms $ythemselves and eeling desperately cold0 would illegally light their gas ires and go to sleep8s they slept0 the gas would $e turned o at the main Later the gas would $e turned on againand lood their rooms with deadly umes while they slept on Many did not awa)en

The government in power at that time was the 8ustralian La$our Party0 an avowed0 sel- proclaimed (ocialist Party They declared that this was a revolutionary assault upon theauthority and economy o the country and introduced drastic legislation They sent the armedorces into the strip coal mines to mine coal or the people The 6aterside 6or)er%s'ederation0 the Miner%s 'ederation0 and the (teel 6or)er%s Union under Communist leadershiphad withdrawn large sums o money rom the $an) to use as stri)e pay The executive oicerso these unions were ta)en $eore the courts and ordered to produce these sums o money

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which they had withdrawn $eore the law ree#ing their unds was introduced 6hen theyreused0 they were sentenced to imprisonment or contempt o court

Chaos developed *verywhere there was strie and $itterness The unemployed and the coldwere ripe or Communist agitation The Communist agitators placed the whole $lame on theCapitalist system urging its overthrow

There was a rehearsal or the armed insurrection 6hen :im <ealy0 the secretary o the6aterside 6or)er%s 'ederation0 was sent to prison or reusal to o$ey the court%s order to

produce the money which had $een withdrawn rom the $an)0 the Communists agitated on thewaterront They gathered the longshoremen together and told them that this was an assault onthem This man was their representative They had elected him It was their duty to stand $yhim I they let this go without protest0 soon more serious measures would $e ta)en againstthem such as reductions in wages The men were stirred up and0 thousands strong0 theymarched through the streets It did not $rea) out into open violence0 $ut all the potentials werethere I the moment had $een considered ripe0 an incident could have $een started0 leading toighting In this way a political stri)e $ecomes a revolutionary stri)e0 and a revolutionary

stri)e $ecomes armed insurrection

The most revealing aspect o the whole situation was the helplessness o the wor)ers and the power o the leaders in the crisis hours *very la$or union in 8ustralia lined up0 not in termso the patriotism o its mem$ership0 $ut in terms o the Communist ailiation o its leadersThe mem$ership o the unions was helpless while the leadership was all-powerul This wasvery well illustrated $y the dierent $ehavior o the railwaymen in the states o ictoria and

!ew (outh 6ales ictoria and !ew (outh 6ales0 the two most populous 8ustralian states0are contiguous to each other There is no possi$le way $y which you could dierentiate theictorian wor)ers rom those in !ew (outh 6ales They are similar in every respect

!evertheless0 the ictorian railwaymen were part o the Communist revolutionary ront They

sided with the stri)ers and reused to move the coal mined $y the army0 declaring it hot Therailwaymen o !ew (outh 6ales0 on the other hand0 handled the coal0 transported it0 anddelivered it to pu$lic utilities0 thus playing a large part in the maintenance o essentialservices The railwaymen o !ew (outh 6ales eectively thwarted the Communist o$/ectiveo a transport stri)e to advance the revolution

There was one all-important dierence $etween the railwaymen o the two states In ictoria0the secretary o the railwaymen was :ac) &rown0 a Communist0 while the secretary in !ew(outh 6ales was :ac) 'erguson0 an anti-Communist That was the sole dierence0 $ut in thecrisis hour0 these men had legal authority to ma)e decisions which were $inding on thousandso other men The executives had the power to ma)e the decisions unless a mass meeting wascalled to overthrow them This was well nigh impossi$le since mass meetings may re1uire upto ourteen days% notice Multitudes may starve in ourteen days

're1uently the argument is made that0 provided that wor)ers are patriotic0 a ew extremeunion leaders do not matter very much <istory has proven this to $e nonsense TheInternational Longshore and 6arehouse 6or)ers% Union o the 6est Coast o the United(tates was expelled rom the CI" $ecause it was a consistent instrument o the internationalCommunist conspiracy The longshore wor)ers o Caliornia are no less patriotic than thelongshore wor)ers o the *ast Coast0 $ut on the 6est Coast they are controlled $y a handul oCommunist oicials

That the IL6U is slavishly devoted to Communist purposes is revealed in the pu$lishedreport o the (u$-committee to Investigate the 8dministration o the Internal (ecurity 8ct and

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"ther Internal (ecurity Laws to the Committee on the :udiciary 0 United (tates (enate Thisreport reveals that during the collective or popular ront period o the Communist Party0 theIL6U supported Roosevelt%s anti-aggression program 6ith the signing o the (talin-<itler

pact0 however0 the IL6U suddenly discovered that the war in *urope was o no concern toit It attac)ed President Roosevelt and his policy o giving aid to the allies 'ollowing the

opening o hostilities $etween ;ermany and Russia in :une0 ,E?,0 the IL6U leadershipreversed its policy and declared that the war in *urope was0 ater all0 o vital concern to thela$or movement In the summer o ,E??0 &ridges and the IL6U executive $oard urged thatthe no stri)e pledge $e extended into peacetime 6ith the end o the war in *urope and thecollapse o the wartime colla$oration $etween the (oviet Union and the Democratic !ations0the position o the IL6U0 li)e that o the Communist Party0 underwent another change0 andthe no stri)e pledge was orgotten

6hen the Truman Plan or ;reece and Tur)ey was announced in the spring o ,E?H0 it was $itterly attac)ed in the newspaper o the IL6U0 The Despatcher In a ront page editorial0 itwas compared with the international gangsterism o <itler 6hen the Marshal Plan was

enunciated0 it too was condemned $y the IL6U The IL6U has demanded that the United(tates cease testing and producing the atomic $om$ without calling or internationalinspection o the (oviet%s production o atomic weapons The IL6U has opposed the !orth8tlantic 8lliance In :une0 ,E?E0 The Despatcher hailed the li$eration o China0 comparing itwith the 8merican and 'rench Revolutions Thus thousands o men ollow in minute detailevery twist in the Communist Party line0 $ecause they are helpless in the hands o a ewCommunist leaders who control and direct their assets and utili#e them or the Communist

purpose

8 sample o this Communist process or the sei#ure o power has occurred here in 8merica Ittoo) place in (an 'rancisco in ,E>? (am Darcy0 ormer district organi#er o the CommunistParty o Caliornia0 outlined the Party%s plan o operation in his article on the (an 'rancisco

&ay area general stri)e in The Communist or "cto$er0 ,E>? The su$stance o the article waslater presented in a report $y Darcy to the seventh congress o the Communist Internationalmeeting in Moscow in 8ugust0 ,E>@ The report reads as ollows2

3Let me state here that there would have $een no maritime or general stri)e except or thewor) o our party The very act that it was a sympathy stri)e gives it its political characterThe ight $egan in the decisive sector o (an 'rancisco%s economy0 namely 0 the maritimeindustry It is apparent rom the stated acts that the stri)e had a deinite political character

38$out a wee) previous Fto :une ,AG 0 in anticipation o the possi$le needs or a generalstri)e0 we had succeeded in convincing the Painters Local ,,@A to sign a circular letteraddressed to all other locals o the 8' o L0 declaring their own support or a general stri)e0and as)ing their vote or it0 so that0 should a general stri)e $ecome necessary0 it would $e

possi$le to call it at the critical moment without any harmul delay

3The very next day the Machinists Local A0 the oldest0 and very inluential 8'o L local in(an 'rancisco voted to /oin the general stri)e movement

3" course0 the general stri)e movement was in no sense a spontaneous movement It too)long and careul preparations 8t irst the militants Fie the CommunistsG sent smallcommittees0 chiely rom the longshoremen%s local0 to other 8' o L locals0 appealing orsupport $y a vote or a general stri)e 'irst we tac)led only those locals that we )new weremost militant 8s we $egan to tac)le the larger locals and those in the )ey industries whichwould $e critical or the outcome o the general stri)e0 we sent0 not small delegations0 $ut

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delegations ranging rom ity to as much as our hundred The general stri)e movement wasactually advancing very rapidly0 $y the votes which were daily ta)ing place in the local unionsstimulated largely $y the delegations o militants

34et the wor)ers in the Longshoremen%s local0 an 8' o L ailiate and a crat union0 werea$le under the pressure o circumstances0 1uic)ly to $rea) down their own routine wor) insidetheir own local0 and reach out to other locals as ar removed rom longshore wor) as $a)ersand cleaners and dyers0 and help organi#e them or the general stri)e "ur strategy was to usethe :oint Maritime (tri)e Committee as a $ase

3"n :uly @ the !ational ;uard too) control o the waterront "n that day inally the :ointMaritime (tri)e Committee issued a lealet openly calling or the general stri)e

3;etting the Teamsters to /oin the stri)e was at this time the main orce needed to ma)ecertain the eventuality o the general stri)e This was due to the prestige and strategic postwhich the Teamsters had "n the night o the ,,th the Teamsters met This was0 in a sense0 a

point which was decisive or the general stri)e The Teamsters demanded to hear &ridges0who was given a tremendous ovation0 and they inally voted to go out the next morning

3&y the next morning0 :uly ,70 B local unions had voted or the general stri)e and a$out ,Blocals were already out

3(aturday and (unday were used $y the militants or two activities0 irst0 to pull the remaininglocals out0 and0 secondly0 to mo$ili#e or organi#ational contact 6e had to develop amovement within all the local unions0 or special mem$ership meetings to elect the ive to the;eneral (tri)e Committee instead o appointing them The militants also tried throughagitation0 such as a lealet issued $y the Longshoremen%s local0 a statement $y <arry &ridges0an appeal $y the party and the 6estern 6or)er0 etc0 to stimulate the wor)ers to orce theelection o the delegations o ive to the ;eneral (tri)e Committee in their locals 6e tried to

get an appeal rom the (an 'rancisco ;eneral (tri)e Committee to the Portland wor)ers3"n Monday morning the general stri)e was eective $eyond all expectations !othingmoved in or out o the city 'or practical utility there are six ways o entrance to the cityThese are2 F,G &ay (hore <ighway. F7G U( ,B, road. F>G ()yline &oulevard. F?G the erries.F@G $y sea. FG the railroads *very one o these ways0 excepting the erries and railroads0 was

patrolled $y our pic)eting s1uads o wor)ers !othing moved without permission o the stri)ecommittee 6ithing the city0 transportation was tied up. production stood at a standstill It waso$vious that the military orces were helpless against such a stri)e movement

3In a widely populari#ed radio address $y ;overnor Merriam that very day0 he said2 %&y itsvery nature the general stri)e challenges the authority and a$ility o the ;overnment to

maintain itsel%3FG

8 similar situation is potentially possi$le again The ormation o all transport unions into oneassociation such as that $eing considered at present under the leadership o <oa and &ridgescarries potentials o great danger 8 mass transport stri)e could so paraly#e this country thatstarvation and death would $e rampant in every part The danger is not limited to 8merica 8ninternational transportation tie up could $e earul in its outreach through all the world

The mechanism outlined $y the Communists is still in operation It is not completely out odate Though it has not as yet ully succeeded in ta)ing over a country0 any person ointelligence has great reason or concern when wor)ers can $e compelled to /oinorgani#ations0 contri$ute their money0 and o$ey the leadership imposed $y a small group

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6hen that money can $e used or political purposes $y a constant propaganda campaign $y press0 radio and television so that the pu$lic may $e inluenced to elect legislators undero$ligation to the union leadership0 the very oundation o repu$lican0 democratic governmentis in danger 6hen government $ecomes irreversi$le0 dictatorship is at the door

, I Lenin0 The (tate and Revolution FMoscow2 'oreign Languages Pu$lishing <ouseG0 p>@

7 I Lenin0 The Proletarian Revolution and the Renegade +auts)y FMoscow2 'oreignLanguages Pu$lishing <ouse0 ,E@7G0 pp 7>-?

> =uoted $y Lenin in The Proletarian Revolution and the Renegade +auts)y0 p 7H

? =uoted $y Lenin in The Proletarian Revolution and the Renegade +auts)y0 p 7H

@ I Lenin0 3Let-6ing3 Communism0 an Inantile Disorder FMoscow2 'oreign LanguagesPu$lishing <ouse0 ,E@BG0 p @ F6ords in parenthesis addedG

The 8lliance o Certain Rac)eteer and Communist Dominated Unions in the 'ield oTransportation as a Threat to !ational (ecurity 0 Report $y the (u$committee to Investigatethe 8dministration o the Internal (ecurity 8ct and "ther Internal (ecurity Laws to theCommittee on the :udiciary0 United (tates (enate0 A@th Congress0 (econd (ession0 Decem$er,H0 ,E@A0 United (tates ;overnment Printing "ice0 6ashington0 ,E@A0 pp7A->B

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* Successu# Techniues For Seizing owerThe Communist attempt to sei#e power through la$or union control has not yet achievedcomplete victory or the Communists in any country In those countries where they have

esta$lished their rule0 the means employed have $een 1uite dierent The methods $y whichthey achieved power in Russia0 China0 and C#echoslova)ia merit special study In each casethey sei#ed power utili#ing deception0 esta$lished themselves $y violence0 and maintainedtheir dictatorship $y totally enslaving helpless people

Russia

Revolution $ro)e out in Russia in 'e$ruary0 ,E,H The C#ar was overthrown0 and a repu$licanorder was esta$lished The declaration o a political amnesty $rought into the open the variousRussian revolutionary parties These parties were numerous0 and the degree o theirrevolutionary ervor and devotion to violence varied considera$ly

The most moderate o these parties was the Constitutional Democratic Party )nown as theCadets They avored the esta$lishment o a Parliamentary Repu$lic and change via the $allot

$ox

8 second was the historic Russian revolutionary party0 the (ocial Revolutionaries whose program was agrarian reorm rather than industrial development The (ocial Revolutionarieswere also called the populists $ecause o their slogan0 3to the people3 Desiring to improve thelot o the peasants0 young Russian intellectuals went out to the people with their revolutionarymessage They advocated land ownership $y the peasants themselves They were not aMarxist Party and did not $elieve that Russia should ollow the pathway o Capitalist

development 8s their name indicates0 they avored radical action and were addicted toviolence Lenin attac)ed them re1uently during his career

The anarchists were another signiicant group They were addicted to violence0 assassinationand sa$otage0 and had a long revolutionary tradition and a total contempt or governmentalauthority o every orm

The Marxists were divided primarily into the &olshevi)s and the Menshevi)s0 the ormer $eing under the leadership o Lenin 8s has $een related0 the &olshevi)s $ecame theCommunists

'inally0 there were various independent revolutionary groups0 as well as individuals whoowed allegiance to no party $ut were devotees o violent revolutionary action

These various parties set to wor)0 organi#ed0 and pu$lished their newspapers They participated in common organi#ations )nows as the soviets The soviets were $orn in the ,EB@Russian revolution when the historic techni1ue o the mass stri)e had $een tried and hadailed The soviets were committees ormed in strategic areas to direct the stri)e and therevolution They were called soviets o wor)ers0 soldiers and peasants% deputies Theirdelegates were elected rom the proletariat wor)ing in the actories0 rom the peasantry androm the ran)s o the common soldiers and sailors They $egan as completely unoicial

$odies

The soviets were re-ormed in the days o the Russian Repu$lic ater the overthrow o theC#ar The Menshevi)s and the (ocial Revolutionaries were well represented in these soviets

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The latter were divided into two groups0 Let and Right The &olshevi)s were in a smallminority in the irst hal o ,E,H The slogan at this time was0 38ll power to the soviets03 $utLenin0 illed with a desire to sei#e complete power in Russia and aware that the soviets werear rom $eing under &olshevi) control0 was only hal hearted in his support o this slogan

Meanwhile0 Russia was staggering under the $lows o the ,E,?-,E,A war *normous losseshad $een suered on their western ront The soldiers0 short o necessary weapons0 were in amutinous mood0 while at home0 the people were consumed $y a desire or peace and or landLenin0 the dynamic Marxist who sei#ed every oppportunity to advance his cause0 developed a

program which promised peace and land *verywhere he agitated or the end o the war <eurged the peasants to throw down their arms0 return to their homes0 and sei#e the ields otheir landlords which0 he said0 were rightully theirs The slogan0 3Peace and land03 was very

popular

In adopting such a program0 Lenin had contravened all the accepted standards o Marxistdoctrine Classical Marxist doctrine had $een that private ownership o land was to $ereplaced $y collective ownership Lenin utterly reversed this policy $y promising land to

every$ody The other Mar#ist parties indignantly accused him o stealing the program o the(ocial Revolutionaries This is exactly what he had done0 $ra#enly and shamelessly Leninwas a dynamic Marxist0 a $eliever in the dialectic which0 as we will see0 allowed himcomplete reedom o action and policy I his goal o power could $e achieved $y doing theexact opposite o what he had long advocated0 then that is what he should do The $asicdoctrine o Marxism-Leninism is2 Come to power The Marxist-Leninist will promisewhatever is necessary in order to achieve that end Lenin0 thereore0 promised peace and land&ut the git o land was merely the $ait that covered the $ar$ed hoo) o Communistdictatorship

It is interesting to notice in passing how Communist policy with regard to the ownership o

land varied in the years that ollowed In ,E,H0 Lenin gave the land to the peasants0 $utconiscated the crops when they were harvested The disgruntled armers lost their enthusiasmand the harvest diminished The grain shortage $ecame serious and a desperate amine aroseIn ,E7,0 ater our years o power0 the Communists were on the verge o $eing overthrownTo avert this0 Lenin made a dramatic reversal in policy <e re-esta$lished Capitalism <eintroduced the !ew *conomic Policy which allowed private trading in grain Many o theCommunists regarded this as a conession o utter deeat and some ideological extremistscommitted suicide on the streets &ut Lenin0 regarding the situation in the light o thedialectic0 saw it as a temporary withdrawal or uture advance

During the period o the !ew *conomic Policy0 the arm produce o Russia increased0 and theood situation improved greatly The Communists0 meanwhile0 were esta$lishing their powerin the cities &y ,E7A0 (talin0 who had succeeded Lenin0 elt that they were strong enough to

put their real program into operation <e thereore reversed the !ew *conomic Policy0 anddeclared war on the peasants The most prosperous o the peasants0 who were )nown as3)ula)s03 were arrested0 herded together0 and deported to (i$eria The slogan was03Li1uidation o the )ula)s as a class3 The )ula)s were not landlords The landlords had $eenannihilated in ,E,H-,A The )ula)s were peasants who had armed eiciently and employedla$or on their arms

The )ula)%s land was made the $asis o the collective arms to which the middle and poor peasants were urged to contri$ute their land and livestoc) These peasants0 however0 resisted

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attempts to ma)e them /oin the collectives0 preerring to wor) their own land 6hen they wereorced to /oin0 many o them slaughtered their animals and a great amine rose in the land

In ,E>, (talin decided to teach the peasants a inal lesson <e too) all the wheat rom theU)raine and dumped it down in 6estern *urope0 leaving the U)rainians to starve During thatearul winter o ,E>,0 it is reported seven million starved to death (pea)ing at a meeting inCaliornia0 I was inormed $y a young woman who had $een a school child in +iev in theU)raine at that time that the game they had played on the way to school was counting thedead $odies in the streets In this manner0 (talin ulilled Lenin%s policy o giving the land tothe peasants long enough to consolidate Communist power as a prelude to ta)ing it rom themto esta$lish collective ownership which had remained the real o$/ective even while land was

$eing distri$uted

<owever0 in mid ,E,H0 all this was in the wom$ o the uture The war against ;ermanydragged on0 and the situation in Russia $ecame worse The &olshevi)s gained in popularitythrough their 3peace and land3 program0 and constantly increased their representation in thesoviets $y means o their magniicent organi#ation In :uly0 ,E,H0 they organi#ed a revolt0 $ut

it was ill-timed and unsuccessul0 and Lenin was orced into hiding In "cto$er o that year0however0 the &olshevi)s secured a small ma/ority in the Petrograd (oviet Lenin decided thatthe hour o revolution had come0 or they could now spea)0 not only in the name o theCommunist Party0 $ut in the name o the soviet which represented the entire wor)ing classThe revolution was opposed $y some o Lenin%s co-wor)ers0 particularly inoviev and+amenev0 $ut Lenin%s desires dominated0 and the revolution was called $y the soviet The&olshevi)-led revolutionaries marched on the C#ar%s winter palace and arrested the

provisional government which was in power until the election o a constituent assem$ly0 andwhich included many Menshevi)s and (ocial Revolutionaries in its ran)s

The &olshevi)s did not have wide popular support The only group in the soviet to stand $y

them at that time was the let wing o the (ocial Revolutionary Party &olshevism thus cameto power with a tiny minority o the people0 $ut they esta$lished their terror0 and Lenin $ecame the ruthless lord and master o Russia

In all rural areas peasants% committees were ormed These were composed largely o poor peasants and criminal elements (ome were motivated $y idealism0 while others weremotivated $y hatred These aggressive peasant $odies $ecame a )ey tool o Lenin%s reign oterror <e encouraged them to sei#e the land0 )ill the landlords and divide the estates amongthemselves 're1uently the letters ended thus2 38nyone who opposes this is to $e shot withoutmercy3

Resistance to the Communist regime developed in every area o lie The irst group to revolt

openly were the anarchists who were shot down mercilessly in the streets 'ollowing theanarchists0 the Let 6ing (ocial Revolutionaries revolted and met a similar ate

Conronted with such pro$lems at home0 the new regime was aced with the necessity oending the war against ;ermany 6hen the Commander-in-Chie reused to o$ey theCommunist order to lay down arms0 Lenin and (talin telephoned his dismissal and appointeda private as general o the army to conclude the surrender

Lenin reali#ed that to remain in power he needed a earul instrument o terror The C#ar hadalways had a secret police orce called the ")rana The Communists too) it over0 renamed itChe)a0 and reined and sharpened it into the most earul instrument o terror the world hasever )nown (ee)ing or a man to head up this organi#ation0 Lenin ound a remar)a$le young

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Polish &olshevi) named D#erins)i &orn o wealthy0 aristocratic parents0 D#erins)i had0 as achild0 orsa)en the comorts o his home to dedicate himsel to the poor o the earth as arevolutionary organi#er <is teen-age years were largely spent in Polish prisons where his ruleo conduct was that he0 as the most enlightened and advanced0 was duty $ound to perorm themost menial tas)s <e thereore insisted on cleaning the latrines o the other prisoners as an

example o enlightenment and dedication 6hat $etter man could Lenin have ound to serveas a selless instrument o murder and extermination9 Motivated $y his idealistic dedication0D#erins)i $ecame the organi#er o the red terror0 and the master murderer o modern times

The story is told that one day as the &olshevi) leaders sat in conerence0 Lenin as)edD#erins)i how many traitorous (ocial Revolutionaries they held in prison at that timeD#erins)i replied that there were a$out iteen hundred0 whereupon Lenin as)ed or the list sothat he might see which were old riends and supporters <aving read the list0 Lenin mar)edthe corner o the sheet with a tiny cross D#erins)i too) the sheet0 noted the cross0 loo)ed atLenin0 and 1uietly let the room The ollowing day he inormed Lenin that the iteenhundred had $een executed The cross which Lenin had made to show that he had read the

paper had $een interpreted as an order or the execution o iteen hundred people Lenin hadmerely intended to indicate that he had read the document "n the misinterpretation o adoodle o Lenin%s pencil0 iteen hundred people went to their death

Communist power in Russia was consolidated $y limitless0 pitiless violence Lenin had said036hat does it matter i three 1uarters o the world perish providing the remaining 1uarter isCommunist53 8ny act o terror was /ustiied i it assured continuing Communist control;roup $y group0 the opposing orces were li1uidated until at last the impossi$le was achievedand the Communist Party held Russia in total enslavement 6hen the Communist monsterhad devoured all other revolutionary groups0 it turned and destroyed most o its own creators

China

The Communist con1uest o China is a classical maniestation o the ive steps o Communistcon1uest2

,The con1uest o the student mind7The organi#ation o the student into the Communist Party>The scientiic exploitation o group sel interest to $ring that party to popularity and

power ?Revolutionary con1uest o power @Communist dictatorship and universal slavery

1. The Con5uest o the 4tu%ent Min%

The students in China were a very special class The scholar was always an o$/ect oveneration to the Chinese and the inluence o the students was very considera$le TheCommunists were highly successul in recruiting students into the ran)s o the CommunistParty 8lmost the entire leadership o the Chinese Communist Party /oined that Party asstudents The arguments used to recruit the student intellectual have already $een discussed

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!. 0rganiation o 4tu%ents into the Communist Party

The Communist Party o China was ormed on typical Leninist lines The inner core camerom the ran)s o the intellectuals The $ul) o the general mem$ership came rom the

peasants The mem$ers derived rom the wor)ing class were ew indeed This is a peculiarstructure or a party claiming to $e proletarian The Party was ormed with a single leader0Mao Tse-tung 6ith complete discipline the entire Party mem$ership a$sor$ed the thoughtand o$eyed the orders o Mao Tse-tung

#. 4cientiic "xploitation o roup 4el-nterest

The disciplined0 anatical Communist cadres wor)ed everishly among the masses o the people Their o$/ective was not to convert them to the theories o Communism0 $ut to exploittheir desires and grievances Many o the Chinese people were landless tenant armers 8great $urden o de$t hung round their shoulders Their $urning desires were centered roundthe ownership o the land on which they la$ored0 and reedom rom their $urden o de$t

The Communist approach was thereore very simple They promised the people the ownershipo the land on which they wor)ed and the a$olition o all de$t In addition0 China had )nownthe oppression o oreign power0 so the Communists exploited Chinese nationalism with a

program to exclude the white man rom 8sia 6ith such a program so closely tuned to thedeep-seated desires o the masses o the people0 it is easy to understand why the Communistsachieved a certain popularity 'rom the peasants attracted $y the Communist promises0 MaoTse-tung gathered the youth0 trained them with great eiciency0 and $uilt the ChineseCommunist 8rmy

'. Revolutionary Con5uest o Power

The con1uest o China was successully accomplished through the strategy o the $rilliantChinese Communist leader0 Mao Tse-tung <e developed two new techni1ues which were inlarge measure responsi$le or Communist success in the ace o great odds The irst o thesewas the principle o political warare in association with military conlict The was was wagednot only $y the armed orces0 $ut $y political agents as well who always preceded theCommunist soldiers into any given area Their tas) was to iniltrate and to undermine the willo the people to resist They spread rumor and utili#ed $lac)mail and terror They too)advantage o civil li$erty to destroy civil li$erty They com$ined assassination with sa$otageso eectively that many communities were neutrali#ed and ell easy prey to the Communistmilitary advance !o advance was made $y Communist troops until the way had $een

prepared $y the Communist political agents

The second techni1ue developed $y Mao Tse-tung was that o guerilla warare &y means othis art0 he was a$le to transorm strategic ineriority into tactical superiority 8lthough hisarmy was outnum$ered or many years0 he was a$le to manipulate his troops with such s)illthat he never engaged in pitched $attle unless he outnum$ered the enemy $y three to one <ewas a$le to achieve this $ecause o the superior mo$ility o his troops and $y the techni1ue oguerilla warare which he perected <e would gather together a considera$le num$er o hissoldiers in a given area0 launch a lightning oensive against the enemy at a point where theywere gathered in smaller num$er0 and disappear with his troops $eore the enemy could rally<is soldiers would hide their uniorms0 adopt the character o the surrounding peasantry0 andmingle with the people &y the time the superior orces o the enemy had gathered0 the

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Communist army was nowhere to $e ound &y this dual oensive o political warare andguerilla mo$ility0 the Chinese Communist orces advanced to victory0 con1uering the vastland mass o China

In addition to the internal orces operating within China0 the International Communistmachine wor)ed ceaselessly on their $ehal Russia provided military instructors andweapons Throughout the world the Chinese Communists were pictured as $enign agrarianreormers and the Chiang +ai-she) government as the epitome o corruption The 8mericangovernment endeavored to achieve the impossi$le0 esta$lish a permanent0 peaceul co-existence $etween Communism and the Chinese government This played right intoCommunist hands and ater the deeat o :apan0 Russia delivered the vast weapon hoard o the:apanese Manchurian 8rmy to the Chinese Communists0 and their successul southwardmarch $egan

(. Communist Dictatorship an% /niversal 4lavery

"nce in power the Communist Party systematically set a$out the process o securing a

monopoly over the lives o all Chinese citi#ens so that the Party could remain all-powerul permanently while the people were reduced to the impotence o isolated slaves *very vestigeo alternative authority was smashed The Communist Party secured a monopoly o all police

power0 all economic power0 all military and educational power It $ecame the universal policeman0 employer0 administrator0 /udge0 newsman0 entertainer and teacher It imposed the3Dictatorship o the Proletariat3

Cechoslova)ia

The means adopted $y the Communists or the con1uest o C#echoslova)ia dier somewhat

rom those used in Russia and China (ince it is closer to the method which they pro$a$lyenvisage or the con1uest o 8merica0 it merits some attention They came to power inC#echoslova)ia $y utili#ing an internal Communist minority which operated in the

$lac)mailing shadow o massive external Russian military power <anging li)e a threateningcloud over C#echoslova)ia was the Red 8rmy

8t the conclusion o the second 6orld 6ar0 C#echoslova)ia was the most industriali#ed0 themost prosperous0 and the most democratic o the *astern *uropean states Communism wasan insigniicant orce Three years later C#echoslova)ia was $ound hand and oot as aCommunist slave This was $rought to pass $y a series o small concessions to Communism0each relatively insigniicant in itsel0 each presented as an alternative to attac) $y the Red8rmy0 and o$viously to $e preerred to such an attac) The cumulative eect0 however0 wasthe surrender o C#echoslova)ia to Communism This is the program or 8merica Theconcessions are to $e o$tained $ecause they are preera$le to an atomic war *ach in itselmay appear indecisive0 $ut each will $e a step to surrender *very time the Communists can

persuade 8mericans the alse alternative exists0 that is0 to ma)e this concession as the onlyalternative to atomic or thermonuclear war0 they win a great victory

6ithin C#echoslova)ia0 government was administered $y various departments o executiveauthority0 each department $eing headed $y a ca$inet minister 8uthority in each departmento government was thus largely centrali#ed in the hands o one man Police power0 orexample0 was in the hands o the Minister o Internal (ecurity This applied in education0communications0 transportation0 agriculture0 /ustice and deense

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The irst step ta)en $y the Communist minority was to esta$lish themselves in a coalitiongovernment with democratic and socialist parties They then proceeded to iniltrateCommunists into the top positions in all $ranches o government "nce the top position ineach department o government was illed $y a Communist0 non-Communists and anti-Communists within the organi#ation were powerless to withstand his total authority and

power 6hen0 or example0 the Communists too) over the police orce0 they used the powerso gained to arrest and destroy all those who diered rom them politically0 including those towhom they had temporarily showed riendship Thus did Communism ta)e over the mostdemocratic nation in *astern *urope It is to $e noted that it was not done $y the use o theRed 8rmy0 $ut simply $y the threat o its use

It is a program o this nature which the Communists pro$a$ly envisage or 8merica 6hen8merica is encircled economically0 and militarily0 when oreign mar)ets are disrupted andoreign trade destroyed0 when 8merica is an island in a Communist sea0 and lies under theshadow o military annihilation0 the Communists $elieve that 8merica will ma)e concessionsas did C#echoslova)ia 8uthority will $e centrali#ed and a ew Communists will wield great

power 8t the chosen moment the inal Communist assault will ta)e place and resistance will $e to)en and hal-hearted

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+ Conso#idation o ower

The Dictatorship o the ro#etariat

6hen once the Communists have come to power0 whether it $e in Russia0 China0C#echoslova)ia0 or 8merica0 the next step is to esta$lish the dictatorship o the proletariatLenin deined this as 3the rule-unrestricted $y law and $ased on orce-o the proletariat overthe $ourgeoisie0 a rule en/oying the sympathy and support o the la$oring and exploitedmasses3 F,G This rule is theoretically exercised $y the proletariat0 or0 in other words0 $y thetoiling masses o the people &ut since the Communist Party considers itsel the executive othe proletariat0 this rule is exercised in practice $y the Communist Party The deinition o thedictatorship o the proletariat0 then0 is 3the rule0 $ased on orce and unrestricted $y law0 o theCommunist Party over every$ody else3

(ince this rule is $ased on orce0 the irst act o Communist power is invaria$ly to disarm the people as was done in China (ince this rule is $ased on orce0 and since orce inevita$lygenerates revolt0 a second precaution ta)en $y the Communists is to destroy the potentialleadership o a counter revolution $eore such a revolution can occur 8ny individual with1ualities o leadership who is not su$/ect to Communist discipline is arrested and executed6hether he is pro-Communist or anti-Communist is immaterial I he has 1ualities oleadership which may $e used when the people awa)en and desire to end Communist rule0 heis a danger and must $e destroyed

The dictatorship o the proletariat is accompanied $y a monopoly o the means o

communication $y the Communist Party *very medium o mass communication is ta)enover *very newspaper is a Communist newspaper *very radio station0every televisionchannel0 every pu$lishing house0 every $oo)0 every maga#ine0 every school class iscompletely controlled $y the Communist Party

Under the dictatorship o the proletariat0 an economic monopoly is gradually esta$lishedwhere$y the Communist Party $ecomes the sole employer 8 man then has $ut one choice-hewor)s or the Communist Party where he is told to wor)0 or he starves to death <e may notleave his /o$ and go to another0 or there is only one employer-the Communist Party

4et another eature o the dictatorship o the proletariat is the esta$lishment o a vast0 internalespionage networ) This espionage system is patterned on the human $ody The $ody is made

up o $illions o cells The $ody preserves itsel against the external orces which threaten it $y a vast grouping o espionage agents Certain cells $ecome inormers Physiologically0 theyare called sensory receptors and are to $e ound in the s)in0 muscles and various organsThese sensory receptors perceive heat0 cold0 pain0 and contact with other o$/ects In otherwords0 they collect inormation rom their environment and send it to the $rain The $rainassem$les this inormation and sends orders down another nerve pathway to the executiveauthority0 the muscles0 whereupon muscular reaction is ta)en in relation to the inormationcollected $y those sensory nerve cells in the environment The simple act o $lin)ing whichcloses the eyelids to protect the sensitive eye against an advancing oreign $ody is a goodexample o such a mechanism

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The Communists see the (tate0 not as a mass o individuals0 $ut as an organic unity0 a higherorm o $eing :ust as the $ody has sensory receptors0 so throughout the (tate there areinormers who collect inormation in their environment and send it $ac) to the central nervoussystem-the secret police Children are set to spy on their parents0 wives on their hus$ands0employees on employers0 pastors on their congregations0 parishioners on their pastors *very

group0 large or small0 would have in its midst a num$er o inormers !one o these inormerswould )now who the others were In one inormed and the others did not0 those ailing toreport would automatically $e discovered Thus a stream o inormation rom every segmento the community lows $ac) to the central authority

6ith such a system in existence0 it is inevita$le that a revolt that has any organi#ationwhatsoever will $e discovered at $irth and strangled in inancy

In the days o the C#ar0 a thousand men armed with stic)s and stones were 1uite a ormida$leorce I revolution $ro)e out somewhere in (i$eria0 it too) three months or the news to reachMoscow and six months or troops to get there and 1uell the uprising 6ith modern methodso communication0 however0 the news is $ac) in seconds0 and an air orce detachment is there

in minutes to deal with the trou$le The people are helpless against machine guns and $om$sThe 1uestion is re1uently as)ed2 3Is it li)ely that the people o Russia will revolt93 " coursethey will They have already revolted a thousand times5 &ut the revolts are spasmodic andunorgani#ed0 and they are wiped out almost casually Ten miles away it is not even )nown thatthe revolt has ta)en place $ecause o the power o the Communist dictatorship

The steps $y which the dictatorship o the proletariat was esta$lished in China show thesituation very clearly The Communists came to power in China $ehind the seductive

promises o land ownership and de$t a$olition Immediately ater sei#ing power0 they )eptthese promises The landlords were wiped out and their land was divided and given to the

peasants whose de$ts were simultaneously canceled 'or a $rie period happiness looded the

land The peasants set to wor) to till the land which was now theirsMeanwhile0 the Communists consolidated their power in anticipation o the day when theycould ta)e away the land rom the peasants They )new that when they did this0 resistancewould develop0 and that such resistance would re1uire leadership They surveyed thecommunity to discover those with potentials o leadership I these people were not su$/ect toCommunist discipline0 they were arrested on some pretext or another and destroyed

The Communists set a$out to disarm the people completely ;reat rewards were given tothose who could tell where weapons were hidden0 and the rush to deliver concealed weapons

$egan They introduced a system o universal espionage in which everyone spied on everyoneelse This had special reerence to the children who were encouraged to spy and report on

their own parentsThey stopped reedom o movement and introduced internal passports !o one could travelrom village to village without oicial permission Upon arriving at the village0 the visitorwas not ree to go and stay with riends0 $ut had to stay at an inn set aside $y the Communistsand closely scrutini#ed $y them They stopped reedom o association !o group could gatherexcept under oicial Communist sponsorship and control

*very individual was compelled to write or give a lie conession detailing all the crimescommitted throughout his entire lie and naming all other persons implicated in these crimesThis provided the Communist government with a vast hoard o inormation to $e used againstany individual as they desired

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8 ma/or assault was made on the child mind They were illed with pride Their aectionswere turned rom their parents towards the (tate They were given guns and appointedsentries with orders to challenge and0 i necessary0 to shoot adults The school children would

$e marched out and given the tas) o searching all shops in an area or weapons and currency0and o accosting and searching all adults in the area

'inally there came the day o the mass trials and executions 8 $and would march through thestreets o the city &ehind the $and a group o prisoners would march with hands $ound

$ehind their $ac)s Into the $onds o each prisoner a stic) would $e stuc) with a placard ontop telling the crimes o which he was allegedly guilty &ehind the prisoners the schoolchildren would march to o$serve the execution Then came the general populace Motherswere compelled to ta)e their $a$ies in arms to o$serve the hideous spectacle *ye witnessreports a$ound concerning these things Multitudes o missionaries o impecca$le charactertestiy that these things really happened

<arvest day arrived and the peasants who had $een so thrilled to $ecome owners o their landwere now or$idden to thresh their own grain except in the presence o an armed soldier

6hen the harvest was reaped0 the government too) ar more than the landlords had everta)en

8t this point hatred o Communism was the dominant emotion amongst the people0 $ut theywere so leaderless0 so weaponless0 so immo$ili#ed0 so disassociated0 so spied upon and socowed that organi#ed revolt appeared unattaina$le The Communists had imposed their totaltyranny

The period o peasant land ownership was $rie indeed (oon came the period o collectivearms and then the great communes0 which have attac)ed the very a$ric o the Chinesenation0 the Chinese amily and the character o the Chinese people !o Chinese individualnow owns one acre o ground <e has $een $etrayed to a new serdom more terri$le than that

o the past0 a serdom in which he is the helpless slave o the gargantuan Communist (tate

The dictatorship $ecomes ever more intense The powers in the hands o the top ew $ecomegreater and greater until inally there emerges the man o all power0 the :oseph (talin0 whosits in the seat o the mighty while millions o slaves rush to and ro to do his $idding (uch isthe reign o $rutality0 violence and tyranny which inevita$ly comes $ehind the $eautiul

promise with which Communism deceives its way to power "nly )nowledge can ena$le us tostand against the intermediate seductive phase o limitless deception practised $y those whom: *dgar <oover deines as 3Master o Deceit3

, =uoted $y :oseph (talin0 Pro$lems o Leninism FMoscow2 'oreign Languages Pu$lishing<ouse0 ,E@>G0 p @,

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, -##ies o Communism

The signiicance o Communism can never $e measured $y the num$er o CommunistsLenin%s slogan was 3ewer $ut $etter3 It has $een a long-esta$lished slogan that 3the Partygrows strong through purging itsel3 The theory o Communism is that o the chosen ewwho are organi#ed0 disciplined0 dedicated0 and e1uipped with superior intelligence andunderstanding o the laws o history &y this chosen ew0 the con1uest o the world and theregeneration o man)ind will $e accomplished The num$er o actual Communists has never

$een great

*ven acute o$servers0 noting the numerical wea)ness o the Communists0 have ta)en alsehope rom this act (uch people ail to understand that the Communists are a$le to rally intotheir service multitudes who are completely unaware that they are serving the Communistcause "ur purpose here is to study those attitudes which transorm well-meaning0 patriotic0

Christian people into the allies o Communism

ntellectual Dishonesty

"utstanding among these attitudes is intellectual dishonesty 6hen the truth is too unpleasant0a natural tendency is to reuse to $elieve it 8s a medical man0 I have seen this oten 8 man ocharacter and intelligence is alicted with cancer <e )nows the symptoms perectly well0 andi he saw them in another0 would never have a moment%s dou$t a$out the inal outcome 6henhe o$serves these symptoms in himsel0 however0 a strange thing happens <is characteristichonesty and clarity o /udgement disappear <e ignores the central0 symptomatic stream0 and

sei#ing on peripheral symptoms0 $uilds them into a dream world in which to ta)e reuge whiledoom advances

!o matter how clear the evidence is0 people can always ind an interpretation that will allowthem to cling to what they want to $elieve This is well illustrated $y the story o the priestand the ra$$i who were driving along the road0 the ra$$i in ront and the priest $ehind 8sthey approached the intersection0 the ra$$i gently stood on the $ra)es and $rought his car to ahalt The priest0 however0 had $een ga#ing all round the countryside !oticing at last that hewas right on top o the ra$$i%s car0 he /ammed on the $ra)es0 $ut to no avail <e crashed intothe rear o the ra$$i%s car

The priest and the ra$$i were surveying the damage when along came an Irish policeman

8ter he had examined the wrec) and had ascertained the respective owners o the two cars0he was clearly a man in great mental and emotional distress <e ound himsel in the grip otwo simultaneous0 conlicting duties0 his duty to the Church and his duty to the law <e $eganto trem$le and stammer (uddenly the answer to his prayer came The wrin)les let his $row0and a loo) o conidence and serenity came over his ace <e loo)ed sternly at the ra$$i0 andthen0 turning to the priest0 he as)ed0 3'ather0 what speed was this man going when he $ac)edinto you93 <ow oten the wish $egets the thought

The situation conronting us is dar) and earul To ace the true situation re1uires courageand honesty The vast ma/ority o people are 1uite unwilling to ac)nowledge the truth0

preerring to ignore the evidence0 or to select only those acts which will support their preconceived ideas and will not threaten the ulillment o their desires

B



(ome time ago I met a man I had long admired 8s a /ournalist sympathetic to the (ovietgovernment0 he had $een sent to Russia in the ,E>B%s There he discovered what was reallyta)ing place0 and set out to inorm the world o the truth a$out Communism <e wrotesplendid $oo)s which inluenced me prooundly when I read them some years ago 6hen Imet him0 I than)ed him or what he had done0 and told him how greatly his $oo)s had

inluenced me <e loo)ed at me with a gloomy expression and said0 3It didn%t do much good0did it9 6hen I wrote those $oo)s0 the Communists had a hundred and sixty million !ow theyhave a $illion 6estern civili#ation is doomed 6e are as certain to $ecome extinct as theIndian civili#ation was $eore the advance o the white man3

4ou may dismiss this man as an a$/ect pessimist i you will0 $ut you cannot so easily disposeo the acts I we weigh the evidence o impending Communist con1uest $y any o thestandard methods o /udging human )nowledge0 it is very diicult to escape the conclusionwhich he reached This evidence may $e considered under ive headings2

,The numerical evidence7The military evidence

>The educational evidence?The economic evidence@The communications evidence

1. The Numerical "vi%ence

In the year ,EB>0 Lenin esta$lished the movement called &olshevism with seventeensupporters In the year ,E,H0 Lenin con1uered Russia with a Party o approximately ortythousand mem$ers &y ,E@E0 the party o Lenin had con1uered one $illion people In onegeneration0 the godless Communists have $rought under their control twelve times as many as

<itler ruled at the $eginning o 6orld 6ar II0 twelve times as many as :apan ruled0 and sixtimes the population o the United (tates In less than hal a century0 they have con1uered armore than the total num$er o the world%s population who have heard the minimum story oChrist rom any source ater nearly two thousand years Those who have heard o Christ romany source-Protestant0 Catholic0 :ehovah%s 6itness0 Mormon0 or Christian (cientist-add up toapproximately seven hundred and ity million In one generation the Communists havecon1uered a $illion There are in the world today ive children in school learning in detail thegodless doctrines o Communism0 or every one child in any school anywhere learninganything a$out Christ These acts are earul to contemplate0 $ut they are inescapa$ly true

These igures are the more rightening when they are examined as any honest $usinessmanwould examine them I spo)e in (t Louis0 Missouri0 to the management clu$ o a small $ut

very prosperous irm The president o the irm told me that he wanted to show me the secreto their success Ta)ing me into a room0 he showed me an electronic computer (aid he0 36eare not satisied to )now the past and the present 6e need to )now the uture 8t last we haveound how to discover the uture This machine is the answer 6e eed into it the igures othe past and we get rom it the predictions o the uture Those predictions are so accurate0that upon them we $ase our production and mar)eting schedules3 The machine was sovalua$le that they were paying over K70BBB a month rental or it though they were a smallcompany employing only a$out three hundred people

I said to him0 3<ere is a set o igures to eed into the machine Lenin esta$lished &olshevismwith seventeen supporters in ,EB> <e con1uered Russia with orty thousand in ,E,H Today0

,



the party o Lenin has con1uered one $illion The population o the world is two and three1uarter $illion &y what year will that igure $e reached93

<e replied0 3I%m rightened to try it3

<e had every reason to $e rightened The result would have $een terriying indeed

!. The Military "vi%ence

The oceans that surround 8merica0 traditionally the $arrier o protection against the enemy0have $ecome the source o an ininite danger The Communists have at their disposal someive hundred su$marines Many o these are long range0 and many can ire missiles whichhave a radius o several hundred miles They can carry an atomic or thermo-nuclear warhead8t any time the Communist leader so chooses0 su$marines can emerge rom the waters o thePaciic0 the 8tlantic0 and the ;ul o Mexico0 discharge their guided missiles0 and su$merge(imultaneously0 6ashington0 DC0 &altimore0 Philadelphia0 &oston0 Miami0 !ew "rleans0<ouston0 (an Diego0 Los 8ngeles0 (an 'rancisco0 Portland0 and (eattle could $e wiped rom

the ace o the earth The power to do this is in $eing right now There is no eective deenseagainst it It is true that the United (tates could retaliate through her (trategic 8ir Command0and $y means o her missiles located in *urope (hould she do so0 devastation in Russiawould $e terri$le indeed &ut this would not $ring $ac) to lie one destroyed 8mericanciti#en0 or re$uild rom the vapors one shattered city

Richard 8rens0 director o the <ouse Un-8merican 8ctivities Committee0 tells how theycalled $eore their committee the military man they considered $est e1uipped to deal with thesu$/ect o Communism0 ;eneral 6edemeyer0 aide to ;eneral Mac8rthur in the 'ar *ast8rens as)ed him0 3;eneral 6edemeyer0 how late do you consider it to $e on the Communisttimeta$le or world con1uest93

;eneral 6edemeyer thought or a ew moments0 and then replied0 3Too late I I wereadvising the Communist leaders0 I would say0 %Don%t change one thing you are doing 4ou arewinning as certainly as any group ever won any $attle in the history o man)ind%3

8t the conclusion o the general%s testimony0 Richard 8rens as)ed0 3;eneral0 in the light othese rightening things that you have told us0 what do you advise that we should do93

;eneral 6edemeyer replied0 3<ad you as)ed me that 1uestion iteen years ago0 I could haveanswered it with ease <ad you as)ed it ten years ago0 I could have answered it with diiculty6hen you as) it today0 the only honest reply that I can ma)e is that I do not )now3

&ig $usiness in 8merica ta)es considera$le trou$le to ma)e long range uture predictions Inone city they have esta$lished what in )nown as a 3thin) center3 <ere they have gatheredtogether the inest electronic e1uipment and shill personnel to ma)e these predictions Into thee1uipment they ed all the data they were a$le to collect related to the relative war-ma)ingcapacities o 8merica and Russia to determine $y what year the $alance o power would $eavora$le to Russia in a uture war The date delivered $y the machine was the year ,E@

#. The "%ucational "vi%ence

&y a tremendous concentration on education0 the Communists are today graduating in Russiaalone three times as many engineers and scientists as the United (tates 6hen their China

program matures0 they will graduate ten times as many They are graduating0 at a rough

7



estimate0 one hundred times as many language specialists 6hen their China programmatures0 their linguistic superiority will $e astronomical

8 common reaction to this inormation is to draw comort rom the act that in Communistcountries there is no academic reedom "ne o the great delusions o 8merican educators has

$een that academic reedom is necessary or the achievement o material results I a child istrained in ha$its o study0 and then orced to study mathematics0 science0 and oreignlanguages0 he will learn a low whether the system is ree or not Regimentation and tyrannyhave always $een a$le to achieve great things The pharaohs $uilt the pyramids. the Chinese

$uilt the ;reat 6all o China. <itler achieved miracles in ;ermany0 and there is no evidencewhatsoever that he had any trou$le controlling his educated classes Under an authoritariansystem o regimented education0 the ;ermans made tremendous progress in the science oroc)etry and electronics0 and in the development o the /et aircrat In a similar way0 theCommunists with their emphasis on science0 oreign languages0 and mathematics0 are ma)ingtremendous progress It is not a 1uestion o which system o education develops $etter

$alanced personalities The 1uestion is2 6hich system o education will win this universal

war9I was visiting an 8merican college &eore I had $een there ten minutes0 the president told mewith great pride o a young man who had $rought glory and honor to their school 6herever Iwent on the campus0 I heard his praises sung 8t last I met him0 and a ine young man he was<is $ody was lithe and slender0 and he stood some six eet two inches tall <e was theirleading $as)et$all player <is s)ill at the game was to great that he had $een chosen to go toMel$ourne0 8ustralia0 to represent the United (tates in the "lympic ;ames in ,E@ 6hat anhonor or the school5

're1uently I as)ed0 36ho is your leading science student93 <e loo)ed at me in wonder andama#ement <e could not answer the 1uestion To ind out inormation li)e that a careul

study o the records would $e re1uiredI want to ma)e it 1uite clear that I have nothing against $as)et$all I thin) it is a splendidsport The a$ility to pro/ect accurately an inlated spherical $all through an iron hoop is aremar)a$le git indeed <owever0 it is diicult to envisage how $allistic missiles can $eeectively stopped with $as)et$alls 'aced as we are with a struggle or survival against anenemy who spares no eort to educate the young in those ields which will help to securevictory0 it would seem that the scale o values in the 8merican educational system might well

$e revised

'. The "conomic "vi%ence

I we were to plot on a graph the total economic product o Russia and 8merica and their rateso growth0 the lines would cross within a measura$le period ahead The exact length o that

period o time has $een variously estimated 8 ew years ago it was said that they would crosswithin iteen years +hrushchev has claimed that they will overta)e 8merica within sevenyears 8ll authorities agree that the gap $etween Russian and 8merican production is closing

The pro$lem0 however0 is not merely that the Russian total economic product may soon e1ualthat o 8merica The great pro$lem lies in the percentage o the Russian economic productthat is availa$le to the Communists or class warare &ecause the Communist Party has amonopoly ownership o the entire Russian economic product0 it can use the economic productas it will &ecause o their monopoly ownership0 the Communists can decide how much the

>



individual Russian may have0 and how much o the total product will $e retained to $e used ineconomic warare against the United (tates &y )eeping the people at a very low standard oliving0 they are a$le to use a large proportion o their economic product to destroy 8mericanoreign mar)ets $y underselling the 8merican product

Monopoly has a tremendous advantage in competition with small industry Unprotected $ylaw0 no small concern with only a ew employees could stand against any o the great nationalcorporations 6ere it not or the protection aorded $y antitrust laws0 a $ig chain store couldvery easily put out o operation the little grocer on the corner 8ll the chain store would needto do would $e to open up a mar)et near$y (ince this mar)et would $e only one o hundredsowned $y them0 they would not need to ma)e a proit They could undersell on every lineTheir little competitor0 however0 has limited inancial resources <e has to ma)e a proit to

pay his de$ts and to carry on his $usiness The time he can compete is limited In time hisresources are exhausted and he is orced to close down

The Communists are doing a similar thing on a world scale They can move into any8merican oreign mar)et they consider desira$le They do not need to ma)e a proit. their

proit is in the chaos they create in the 8merican economy0 in the agents they iniltrate into thecountry through their trade

8n example o Communist techni1ues o economic warare may $e seen in their activities inIra1 Ira1 had vast sums secured rom oil royalties to $e invested in developmental pro/ects 8large num$er o the contracts or these pro/ects went to Russia To secure a contract0 theCommunists ollowed this simple procedure2 they ound out rom pro-Communist elements inthe Ira1i government the lowest $id made $y any 6estern irm0 and tendered a $id twenty percent $elow it They did not need to ma)e a proit directly or their proit was in theCommunist agents they iniltrated and the su$versive literature they distri$uted0 as well as inthe wea)ening o the 8merican economy It is diicult to see how any concern that must

ma)e a proit to survive can compete against themThe advancing Communist economic penetration is causing grave concern among $usinessleaders and the government authorities The situation grown more serious year $y year

(. The "vi%ence in the 2iel% o Communications

The world is divided into three ma/or areas2 there is the Communist area0 a great prisoncontaining a $illion slaves. there is what is )nown as the 'ree 6orld consisting o 8mericaand her allies. and $etween these two0 there is the vast0 uncommitted area o the world whichnum$ers one $illion people This uncommitted area is composed primarily o the new nations

o 8sia and 8rica 6ith them should $e included the nations o Central and (outh 8mericaThese countries are the great $attle ground $etween *ast and 6est I the Communists securethem0 they will have two $illion and their superiority will $e a$solute I the 'ree 6orld can)eep them outside the Communist old0 there may $e some hope o maintaining the presentunsta$le $alance o power

The peoples o these countries are $eing wooed and won $y the Communists0 not with $om$sand $ullets0 $ut with words and $oo)s "ne hundred people are $eing reached withCommunist lies or every one $eing reached with the Christian or the democratic truth TheCommunists are engaged in the greatest literature crusade man)ind has ever )nown They are

producing $eautiul literature in almost every language and distri$uting it in every corner o

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the earth In many countries this literature costs practically nothing 8n example o this isPro$lems o Leninism $y :oseph (talin This $oo) o more than eight hundred pages may $e

purchased in a Communist $oo)store in 8merica or our dollars2 in Canada it costs a dollarand ity cents. in 8ustralia0 it costs seventy cents. in India or :apan it may $e purchased orten cents The price charged has no relationship to the cost o production. it is related merely

to the economic capacity o the purchasers8n example o their $eautiul color maga#ines is China Pictorial which is printed in Pe)ingevery two wee)s in Chinese0 Mongolian0 Ti$etan0 Uighur0 +orean0 *nglish0 Russian0 ;erman0'rench0 :apanese0 iet-namese0 Indonesian0 <indi0 (panish0 8ra$ic and &urmese *very acewears a radiant smile The color photography is $eautiul The moral tone is excellent2 there isno violence0 no crime0 no na)edness0 no sex0 and no alcohol *very page portrays a$undance0

$eauty0 prosperity0 li$erty and peace 4ou cannon loo) through such a maga#ine without $eingimpressed

<ow thoroughly the Communists are carrying out this literary crusade is indicated $y thechildren%s $oo)s which they are producing in practically every language isit any Communist

$oo)store in the United (tates and you will ind $oo)s printed in Moscow and Pe)ing in*nglish or one0 two and three-year-old $a$ies These have titles such as The Rose and the*arthworm0 The ;olden 8ss0 The Little &ird 6ho <urt <is 6ing0 The Caterpillar0 Punchy the*lephant0 Chic)ens and *ars0 The Lam$ and the 6ol0 The 8nt and the ;rasshopper0 The8dventures o the Little (wallow0 <ow the Mon)eys Reached or the Moon0 &eautiulLeaves0 6ow-wow%s <ouse0 Tolstoy%s (hort (tories The Communists want the children Theydo not care so much a$out the adults whom they consider as already contaminated with thedisease o Capitalism and conse1uently o little use to them 6hen the Communists rule theworld0 the diseased social classes will have to $e eliminated &ut the children are dierentThey can do something with them This children%s literature is a preliminary step towardswinning the children o the world

8n examination o some o the children%s literature produced $y the Communists induces $ewilderment in most loyal 8mericans0 or they can discover nothing wrong with these $oo)sThe stories are well told0 $eautiully illustrated0 and do not teach Communism in any wayThe trou$le with these $oo)s is that there is nothing wrong with them

I a )idnapper wishes to gain the conidence o a child to entice her into an automo$ile ordreadul purposes0 he does not give a long lecture a$out what will happen ater she gets intothe automo$ile <e gives her candy to win her conidence The candy he gives is not $itter or

poisoned candy0 or the sweeter and $etter the candy0 the greater the li)elihood that the childwill get into the automo$ile These children%s $oo)s are the Communist literary candy withwhich the Communists are endeavoring to entice the children o the world into theCommunist automo$ile or their /ourney into slavery and death

The Communists divide their literature into two categories2 Propaganda and 8gitationPropaganda they deine as that which conveys many ideas to a ew people Propagandateaches Communist theory0 philosophy0 organi#ation and doctrine It is designed primarily orthe thin)ing0 student mind

'or the many0 they pu$lish 8gitation 8gitation they deine as that which conveys one idea tomany people The Communists% great literary crusade is designed to convey to the people othe world the simple idea that whenever Communism comes to power0 the peopleimmediately $ecome happy0 healthy0 prosperous and ree0 whereas 8merica is evil anddegenerate0 and a threat to the peace o the entire world The Communists are reaching one

@



hundred people with these $latant lies or every one $eing reached with the Christian ordemocratic truth

The truth is very simple !o matter what promises Communism ma)es0 this act stands outwith crystal clarity2 wherever people can escape rom Communist rule0 they do it $y themillion Try to imagine what it would ta)e to cause parents to gather together their childrenand what ew articles they could carry in their arms0 and go on oot into the night0 not to a

$right uture0 $ut to the $lea) un)nown <ow $ad would things have to $e to cause people todo that9 Millions are doing this wherever Communism comes to power 6hen aced withthese unanswera$le acts0 the Communist spo)esmen are helpless

During his visit to the United (tates0 !i)ita +hrushchev was as)ed the ollowing 1uestion $y+arl 'eller0 president o the International Union o United &rewery0 'lour0 Cereal0 (ot Drin)and Distillery 6or)ers o 8merica2 3Mr Chairman0 I cannot understand0 since the CommunistParty proclaims itsel to $e the li$erator o the wor)ing class0 yet we see a mass exodus owor)ers in other countries ollowing the Communist sei#ure o power 4ou have the exampleo three million wor)ers leeing rom *ast ;ermany to 6est &erlin0 and a$out three million

leeing rom !orth +orea to (outh +orea and0 as mentioned a moment ago0 three hundred orso thousands o <ungarians $raved arrest and death in escaping to reedom Mr +hrushchev0can you tell us o a single instance where0 ollowing Communist sei#ure o power0 there has

$een a mass inlux o wor)ers rom surrounding non-Communist countries into theCommunist country9 I the Communist Party is the li$erator o the wor)ing class0 why don%twe see this phenomenon93

Mr +hrushchev2 3Is that all9 Thin) it over Drin) your $eer Perhaps that will help you to indthe answer to your 1uestion3

Mr 'eller2 3That certainly is no answer0 and apparently nothing will ma)e you understandwhy millions want to escape rom Communism-3

Mr +hrushchev2 3I%ve told you0 I%m not even araid o the devil3F,G

There are many things which may $e said $y way o criticism o 8merica0 $ut when all has $een said0 the act remains that 8merica is the magnet that draws to its shores people rom allover the world It is still the land o hope and promise0 a vision living in the hearts and mindso millions The unortunate thing is that these acts do not spea) or themselves They must

$e made )nown $y the means o communications &y an extensive and eective use o themeans o communication0 the Communists have convinced two thirds o the people o theworld that the exact opposite o these acts is true 8 lie that is $elieved has great power orevil

8n honest consideration o the evidence-numerical0 military0 economic0 educational0 andcommunicational-is rightening indeed The most comorting thing to do is to put it out o themind or to reuse to $elieve it This is the attitude adopted $y a large num$er o people

6hile visiting Philadelphia0 I went to a radio station at eleven o%cloc) one night to $einterviewed 8 psychiatrist was to $e interviewed at the same radio station on the su$/ect omental health <is interview was to ollow mine <e arrived early0 and we tal)ed or someminutes $eore I went on the air During that time0 I gathered that he was 1uite unsympathetictowards my position and viewpoint

6hen I went on the air0 I explained0 as I re1uently do0 that my greatest pro$lem is to persuade people that Communists are Communists :ust as the Catholics are Catholics and





have certain $elies and programs0 the Communists are Communists and have clear $elies0and a very well developed program The aim o their program is to con1uer the world Thereali#ation o the plan necessitates the encirclement and demorali#ation o the United (tates0leading inally to surrender I pointed out that many intelligent people are unwilling toac)nowledge that these things are so0 even though all the acts point in this direction

I went on to descri$e how the program o the Communists is $eing ulilled 6hile 8merica is $eing lulled to sleep with a alse picture o riendship and tal) a$out co-existence0 theCommunists are ma)ing devastating progress in many parts o the world They are operatingin all the 8sian countries0 in 8rica and the !ear *ast0 and are loo)ing orward to the timewhen 6estern *urope will $e economically strangulated and deenseless. they are invading(outh and Central 8merica $y their iniltration o the colleges and universities 6hen thesecountries have $een ta)en0 8merica0 isolated0 conused0 and demorali#ed0 economically andmilitarily encircled0 will $e oered the choice o surrender or annihilation The Communistsare certain that she will choose surrender

8s I was spea)ing0 the psychiatrist seethed 8t last he could stand no more and spontaneously

came onto the program to try and counteract the damage I was doing 6hen a man%s evidencecannot $e discredited0 the simplest alternative is to discredit the man himsel This he

proceeded to do <e told the listening audience that I was apparently the victim o certaindeep-seated0 inner emotional conlicts which I was pro/ecting into my external environment"ut o this inner conlict sprang this vision o a great encircling orce The inerence wasclearly my need o psychiatric treatment

6hen he had inished spea)ing0 I than)ed him very much or giving me the perect exampleo what I had $een tal)ing a$out <ere was an apparently intelligent man who was 1uiteunwilling to ace the truth I had with me the good <ow to $e a ;ood Communist I showedhim that the author was Liu (hao-chi0 President o Communist China I opened the $oo) and

as)ed him to read2 36hat is the most undamental and common duty o us Communist Partymem$ers9 8s every$ody )nows0 it is to esta$lish Communism0 to transorm the present worldinto a Communist world3F7G "n another page I showed him the ollowing passage2

the cause o Communism has $ecome a powerul0 invinci$le orce throughout the worldThere is not the slightest dou$t that this orce will continue to develop and advance and willwin inal and complete victory Despite this0 however0 the strength o the internationalreactionary orces and o the exploiting classes are still more powerul than ours0 and or thetime $eing are still predominant in many respects Conse1uently0 we shall have to go througha long0 $itter0 circuitous and arduous process o struggle $eore we deeat themF>G

6hen he had inished reading0 the psychiatrist indicated that I was putting my owninterpretation on these passages and giving my own opinion as act

3In the name o all that%s honest03 I replied0 3please tell me what other interpretation thesewords can have0 %the undamental duty o Communist Party mem$ers i to transorm the

present world into a Communist world%93

6e have always had people in our midst who thought that ire would not $urn0 that i you /ump out o a tenth story window0 you may go down0 $ut then again0 you may go up 6e usedto call it insanity "nly recently has it ta)en to itsel the name o mental health

The malady o intellectual dishonesty has alicted large segments o the educated and thereligious groups leaving them 1uite una$le to ace the unpleasant truth Intellectual dishonesty

H



is one o the greatest allies o Communism Li)e cancer0 it cannot $e treated ade1uately till itsmalignancy recogni#ed

Cultural nterchange

8 second ally o Communism is the naive $elie that the truth a$out Communism can $elearned $y supericial o$servation 8n idea which has currently gained wide acceptance is thatlegitimate inormation a$out Communism may $e secured $y a $rie visit to a Communistcountry

8s I travel throughout 8merica lecturing on Communism0 I am re1uently as)ed i I havevisited Russia The inerence is that i I have not0 I cannot possi$ly understand very mucha$out Communism To audiences which pose this 1uestion0 I reply that I have not $een toRussia and that I reali#e that this is a serious disadvantage I then express the hope that ater Ihave outlined my 1ualiications0 they will all eel moved to contri$ute generously in order tosend me To prove my 1ualiications or such a visit I proceed to give them the ruit o my

acute o$servations concerning 8merica I have $een in 8merica0 on and o0 or a$out nineyears I have traveled in orty-six states. I have addressed hundreds o thousands o people0and have en/oyed complete reedom o movement and reedom o speech 8s ar as I )now0 Ihave never $een ollowed $y an agent o any investigative group0 or $y the police 8s an8ustralian0 I spea) the *nglish language exceedingly well0 though I have great diiculty

persuading 8mericans that this is so During this time0 thereore0 I have had ampleopportunity to o$serve 8merica and 8mericans

The irst thing that astonished me when I arrived was that apparently no$ody approved o thecharacter or record o President Roosevelt In 8ustralia we had thought him to $e a universal

8merican hero 6hen the irst ity people to whom I spo)e unanimously castigated him0 I

received the shoc) o my lie During my nine years in this country0 I have never heard a !egro complain o discrimination though I have addressed thousands and conversed withhundreds o them I have never seen a violent crime. I have never witnessed a ma/orautomo$ile accident. I have never seen a $as)et$all match. and as ar as I )now0 I have neverseen a proessional gam$ler or a prostitute 8ter ten years o personal0 irst hand o$servation0I ma)e my report2 3Inside 8merica3 $y 'red C (chwar# 3!o$ody in 8merica voted orPresident Roosevelt. no !egro is concerned with discrimination. there is no violent crime.there are no automo$ile accidents. no$ody plays $as)et$all. there is no gam$ling and there isno prostitution3 This is the truth $ecause I have $een there and have seen it or mysel

I someone would /ust send me to Russia or three wee)s or so0 I could $ring $ac) the truth

a$out what is happening over there 8dmittedly I would $e slightly handicapped $ecause Icannot spea) the language <owever0 this is not really important $ecause the Communistgovernment thought o it long in advance and has made ade1uate provision or it They havetrained as interpreters some o their inest young Communists who are totally dedicated to theParty0 and very 1uic) o mind and tongue These interpreters have a three-old tas) In the irst

place0 they are to ta)e me round and supervise what I see and whom I meet (econdly0 theyare to )eep an eye on the contacts I do ma)e so that i any o them get out o line they can $edealt with later Thirdly0 they are to misrepresent my 1uestions and misinterpret the answers Iapproach a group o people and as) the interpreter to as) them i they love the Communistgovernment <e turns to them and utters a stream o what0 to me0 is unintelligi$le gi$$erishThey answer in a similar vein <e turns to me and says0 3They love Communism with all their

A



hearts3 The only diiculty is that I have no way o )nowing what he as)ed them or what theysaid in reply <e may have said0 3<e wants to )now what you had or $rea)ast3 They mayhave said0 34ou )now very well that we didn%t have any $rea)ast3 (ince he is a devotedCommunist0 utterly dedicated to the interests o the Party0 it is highly impro$a$le that he willrepeat anything that relects $adly upon it

!inety-nine out o a hundred people who visit Russia and come $ac) to tell their riends andac1uaintances all a$out it are in exactly the same position I would $e in i I went They haveno way o )nowing how much o what they have $een told is really true The tragic part isthat most o them do not reali#e this They 1uote authoritatively what they have $een told $ythe Communist interpreter as the o$/ective truth

8 well )nown $usinessman0 a prominent clergyman0 or a politician goes to Russia or a $rietour "n his return he is met $y representatives o the press at the airport where he gives hisimpressions o the present mood o the Russian masses <e is whis)ed o to a radio stationwhere he discusses the changes that have occurred in the personal relationships o thePresidium o the Communist Party <e may even appear on television where he tal)s at some

length a$out the present attitude o the Red 8rmy towards their Communist masters The only people who are $igger idiots than he are those who ta)e any notice o what he says &y thevery nature o things0 he can $e nothing $ut an unconscious agent o Communist propaganda<e can report only what he saw and heard 6hat he saw was limited and supericial0 and whathe heard was channeled to him through the Communist Party

It has $een well said0 38 ool learns $y his own experience. a wise man learns $y theexperience o others3 The ma/or portion o our )nowledge is gained through the means ocommunication In Russia these are completely controlled $y the Communist Party *verynewspaper is a Communist propaganda sheet 8ll radio and television programs are designedto convey messages selected $y the Communist Party *very text$oo)0 every novel0 every

play and movie is designed to advance the ideas approved $y the Party Thus inormationwhich is the raw material o thought is ed to the Russian people $y the Communists Pu$licopinion in Russia is careully molded $y the Communist Party

I a tourist reali#es the serious limitations o his situation0 in certain speciali#ed ields0 he cano$tain valid inormation rom his trip 'or example0 he can secure clear inormation a$out theRussian $oast that they have e1uali#ed the status o women Their $oast is 1uite /ustiied8mericans do not really treat their women with e1uality They do not allow them0 orexample0 to mine coal or to perorm heavy manual wor) on the roads (uch tas)s are )eptsolely or men There is no such $ourgeois discrimination in Russia0 and tourists to Russiamay o$serve that this is so "ne tourist told me that when he came out o a theatre at eleveno%cloc) at night he saw a group o old grandmothers wor)ing in the rain laying $lac)top onthe roads 8s he travels in the train0 the tourist may see women swinging their pic)s in therailway gangs0 usually under the supervision o a male oreman (uch things a tourist maysee0 $ut to secure a genuine insight into the minds and eelings o the people is animpossi$ility in the situation existing in Russia

Discussing this with some wide-eyed innocents recently returned rom Russia0 I made thestatement that tourists returning rom $ehind the Iron Curtain are very re1uently theinstruments o Communist propaganda They were horriied at the suggestion 8s wecontinued in conversation0 one o the women commented on the encouraging progress $eingmade $y Russian &aptists (aid she0 3They now have seven thousand churches3

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3<ere is the very )ind o thing to which I was reerring03 I replied 34ou are unconsciouslygiving Communist propaganda3

3I resent that very much03 she said

3Let%s consider your statement03 I said 34ou tell me that there are seven thousand &aptist

churches <ow do you )now93(he mentioned the name o a riend o hers as the source o her inormation

38nd how does he )now93

3<e )nows the &aptist preacher in Moscow and has )nown him or years03 was the reply

3I )now one o the &aptist preachers here in Los 8ngeles and have )nown him or years 6ereI to go to him and as) how many &aptist churches there are in Caliornia0 what would he do9<e%d pull down a &aptist year$oo)0 see) the inormation0 and give me the answer or thedierent &aptist segments (ome$ody has to ta)e the statistics 6ho do you suppose too)these statistics that you are giving me93

(he said0 3I don%t )now3

3The Communists too) them0 o course 6hether they are true or alse0 we have not theaintest idea3

!o tourist o Russia can get any idea whatsoever o the strength o &aptist wor) in Russia 8llhe can do is to go and see one or two &aptist churches0 usually those in Moscow orLeningrad 6hen &o$ Pierce0 President o 6orld ision0 was in +iev0 he as)ed the guide toshow him the &aptist church there The guide was at a loss Tourists do not as) to visit the&aptist church in +iev They go only in Moscow and Leningrad In the city o +iev which hasa population o a million people0 she did not )now where a &aptist church was to $e ound&y the ollowing day0 however0 she had discovered one It consisted o a mere handul o

people meeting in a house 6hen we consider that the Protestants o Russia are all in these&aptist churches0 the complacency o Christians is appalling

The statistics regarding the strength o &aptist wor) in Russia vary greatly rom time to time6hen the leaders rom the Russian &aptists toured 8merica a$out ,E@@0 they 1uoted thenum$er o &aptists then in Russian as $eing three million In ,E@E0 the num$er was given asive hundred thousand *ither the &aptist in Russia $ac)slid greatly in those ew years0 orsomeone manipulated the statistics

In Indianapolis0 I spo)e to the arm editor o the television station who was a$out to visitRussia I told him that he would come $ac) a propagandist or the Communists <e replied0 3I)now I will <ow can I help it93

3"h0 that%s easy03 I said 38s soon as you get there0 overthrow the Communist government andre-esta$lish reedom o speech0 reedom o movement0 reedom o the press0 and reedom ocommunication 8$olish all the psychological inhi$itions Communism has produced in the

people during their rule o orty years Then go round and dig under every child%s playgroundand see what you ind3

In the U)raine0 the ;ermans were welcomed $y the U)rainians as li$erators In the city oinnit#a there were discovered mass graves o ten thousand $odies "ver some o thesegraves the Communists had $uilt Par)s o Culture and Rest including a child%s playground anda sporting arena 8 tourist going there at normal times would see nothing except excellentrecreational acilities or the citi#ens and particularly or the children

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Delegations are the source o dangerous delusions indeed 6hat we see with our eyes islimited "$servation is no su$stitute or understanding 8 man can learn more a$outCommunism in an hour $y ta)ing a $oo) li)e <ow to $e a ;ood Communist $y Liu (hao-chior Pro$lems o Leninism $y (talin than he can in a year as a tourist who sees nothing $ut whatthe Communists show him "$servation may $e minutely accurate and interpretation

completely erroneous8 visitor went on a tour o a tu$erculosis sanitarium <e wal)ed through the grounds0 irst oall0 and there he was greatly impressed $y the well )ept lawns and the $eautiul landscapedgardens Upon entering the $uilding he was met $y a charming receptionist who smiled at himwarmly and too) him on a tour o the sanitarium

In the spotless )itchen0 he ound the inest coo)ing e1uipment he had ever seen <e examinedthe plum$ing and ound it exceptional in 1uality and eiciency

8ter duly admiring the acilities o the institution0 he was escorted into the wards In preparation or his coming0 the patients had all $een given a dose o anti-pertussive mixture0otherwise )nown as cough syrup The peaceul atmosphere was not distur$ed $y unduecoughing The patients were propped up neatly on snowy white pillows Many o them had a

$ecoming lush on their chee)s <overing around were nurses who were giving them personalattention ar $etter than any service availa$le in the $est hotel 6hen mealtime arrived0 each

patient was served with tasty ood which have $een careully prepared and attractively servedon individual trays

6hen his tour was ended0 the visitor was duly impressed $y all he had seen (aid he0 3Thereare many good eatures a$out tu$erculosis0 eatures which are at least e1ual0 i not superior tothe eatures o a healthy lie The patient lives in an environment o cleanliness and $eauty <ehas economic security <e does not need to rise at six o%cloc) each morning to $attle his waythrough the teeming traic and compete in the struggle to earn a living 'ood0 clothing0 and

shelter are all provided *very need is supplied $y attentive young emale nurses <e hasreached the goal o economic security or which we all strive I thin) that the dangers otu$erculosis are grossly exaggerated 6e can at least co-exist with it3

<earing this0 some pu##led person might turn to him and say0 3&ut what a$out thetu$erculosis germ93

3I didn%t see one3

3Did you loo)93

3" course I loo)ed I loo)ed everywhere-in the drawers0 under the $eds0 $ehind the doors0everywhere-and I swear I did not see a single tu$erculosis germ I don%t $elieve they exist3

(uppose that such a report was made $y a medical man who had $een trained to )now thatwhat he saw was merely supericial0 and that out o human sight was an evil0 patholgicalorganism doing its earul wor). who should have )nown that $ehind the apparent calm0 therewas a world o agony and rac)ing coughs which would cause the patients to spit up theirlungs in pus and $lood and would send them to their deaths 8 medical man who made areport li)e that would $e /udged criminally insane

Preachers should $e physicians in the realm o the spirit as medical men are in the realm othe $ody 6hen preachers report only the supericial things they see0 and0 $y inerence0minimi#e the gravity o the germ o godlessness0 they $etray their responsi$ility as Christianleaders The tragedy is that they do it all unwittingly

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8 preacher visited Russia in ,E>A <e saw some splendid new $uildings going up0 and hereported that Russia was ulilling the )ingdom o ;od on earth 6hat was going on at thattime was horri$le to imagine It was the period o the great (talinist purges0 when (talin waswatering the soil o Russia with the $lood o the Communist elite 8s a visitor0 the clergymandid not see one execution or one trial <e saw only magniicent new $uildings and on the

$asis o this he made his report (eeing without understanding is the certain pathway odelusion

(eeing is not necessarily $elieving I seeing is $elieving0 you cannot tell me anything a$out8merican oot$all $ecause I have seen it with my own eyes I want to descri$e to you what Isaw I you do not $elieve me0 I am prepared to go into any court in the land and swear underoath that this is what I saw

It was in Los 8ngeles at the Coliseum The University o (outhern Caliornia was playing theUniversity o Caliornia in a home-coming match It was a magniicent spectacle 8 hundredthousand people were gathered together 8 hundred thousand people is a huge crowd Theymust $e entertained $ecause the devil inds wor) or idle hands to do Clowns have always

$een ound to $e very entertaining0 so with typical 8merican genius the organi#ers hit upon aremar)a$le scheme They dressed all the oot$all players up li)e clowns They put them in themost ridiculous and grotes1ue garments I have ever seen They were padded and patted inevery direction li)e an *s)imo $ride at a winter wedding $rea)ast They had $aggy pantsThey protruded at the rear and at the )nees They wore enormous helmets with protruding

/aws It was the unniest loo)ing sight I had ever seen

8$out ity o these clowns ran on to the playing ield and a strange thing happened Insteado $ursting out laughing as would have $een 1uite natural0 every$ody $egan clapping andcheering I admit $ewilderment at this incomprehensi$le maniestation o 8merican

psychology 8ter these clowns had run around throwing the $all to one another or ten or

iteen minutes0 most o them $ecame weary or $ored and went to sit down on some $enchesat the side o the ield *leven clowns remained on each side o the line running across themiddle o the playing ield0 and seven o them )nelt down opposite one another and started to

pray 6hen they had said their prayers0 one o them lic)ed the $all $ac) to a guy standing $ehind <e apparently too) a li)ing to it0 and thought he would ta)e it home0 so he cut acrossthat ield li)e a strea) o lightning The others saw what he was doing and rushed ater him<e swerved and weaved <e approached the sideline It loo)ed as though he was going to getaway &ut suddenly0 hurtling through the air came a massive $ody which crashed into him and)noc)ed him right over This was rather cruel0 $ut may$e it was air enough since he wastrying to steal the $all li)e that

8t this point no$ody seemed to )now 1uite what to do 8 clown in a costume all o his ownwith up and down stripes which made him loo) li)e a convict $lew a whistle and the gamestopped "ne side called a committee meeting 6hat too) place at this committee meeting0 Ido not )now exactly "ne thing they did was to interchange a ew o the clowns who hadapparently grown tired in the struggle

They resumed with another session o prayer I eel that this recurrent prayer in 8mericanoot$all is one o the hopeul signs o the day 6hen the center man lic)ed the $all $ac) tothe one standing $ehind him0 he played them a dirty tric) In all my living days0 I have neverseen a dirtier deed <ow he had the gall to do it $eore two hundred thousand staring eyes0 Iwill never )now Right in the middle o the game0 he changed his side Instead o runningorward0 he turned and ran round $ac)wards 6hen he had gone $ac) a$out ten yards0

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however0 someone caught him and )noc)ed him over 6asn%t that a dirty tric) to change hisside in the middle o the game li)e that9 I )now he did I saw him with my own eyes

4ou say to me0 3"h0 you%re cra#y5 That man hadn%t changed his side at all <e%d gone $ac) toget in a good position to ma)e a orward pass and they trapped him3 4ou )now this $ecauseyou )now the rules o the game 4ou )now its purposes and you )now its motives 4ou are intune with its spirit &ut i you )new none o these things0 i you came0 as I do0 rom anotherland where the rules or oot$all are 1uite dierent0 where the game has no orward pass0 andi you too) the rules which were amiliar to you and interpreted what you saw in terms othem you would $e apt to ma)e conclusions very similar to those which I reached

6hen we o$serve what the Communists do without )nowing the rules o the game0 without)nowing Communist doctrine0 morality0 o$/ectives0 and methods0 when we pro/ect upon themour own $asic Christian standards0 our conclusions are as ridiculous as my interpretation o an8merican oot$all match They are ar more dangerous There must $e assiduous study o thedoctrines o Communism i the necessary understanding o their psychology0 morality0 and

program is to $e achieved There is no su$stitute or )nowledge Ignorance is evil and

paralytic

The greatest ally Communism has is the existing ignorance concerning its true nature 6armust $e declared on this ignorance

, U( !ews and 6orld Report0 "cto$er @0 ,E?E0 pE@ *xcerpts rom a discussion $etween !i)ita +hrushchev and 8merican la$or leaders at a meeting in (an 'ransisco0 (eptem$er 7,0,E@E

7 Liu (hao-chi0 opcit0 p >H

> I$id0 p ?,

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/rainwashing

The word 3$rainwashing3 is a very recent addition to the *nglish language 8 new word wasnecessary $ecause it signiied an experience that was previously un)nown (ince itsintroduction it has passed into common speech and is used routinely $y large num$ers o

people0 many o whom have only the vaguest idea o its meaning In many cases it is used todescri$e processes that have existed or centuries0 and its speciic meaning has0 to a largedegree0 $een lost &ut the phenomenon o $rainwashing is one o the more righteningdevelopments o the twentieth century It is an accurate and destructive science It is an assaultupon the human mind itsel The Communists have proved they can distort the human mind asthe torturers o history distorted the $ody

8n 8merican girl went to China as a 'ul$right scholar (he was not a Communist0 $ut neitherwas she an active anti-Communist 8ter studying or a year or so in Communist China0 she

was arrested and underwent various mysterious treatments 8t the end o this treatment0 sheconessed that she had gone to China as an imperialist spy0 and proessed proound repentanceor her treachery (he was then allowed to go ree

8s she crossed into <ong +ong0 she was met $y newspaper reporters0 and a remar)a$le storyunolded (he told the reporters she had $een a vicious spy on $ehal o the 8mericanimperialists <er attitude was a composite o guilt and sel-loathing0 mingled with hatred oher own country and a passionate love or the Chinese Communists (he was almost lyrical inher gratitude and devotion to her captors (he descri$ed how wonderul they were (he haddeserved to die0 $ut they had spared her lie In their hands she had $een $orn again To themshe owed an eternal de$t o gratitude or the new lie she now lived

The reporters 1uestioned her a$out her treatment in prison <ad not her eet $een in chains9"h0 yes0 her eet had $een in chains0 $ut what loving0 )ind0 wonderul people the Communistswere 6as it not true that her hands had $een handcued $ehind her $ac)9 4es0 her hands had

$een handcued $ehind her $ac)0 $ut they had treated her with a$solute )indness andwonderul love

6hat were the experiences which had $rought a$out this remar)a$le situation where she $elieved she had done things she had not done0 elt guilt or crimes she had not committed0and loved with a passionate intensity those who had tortured and tormented her9 6e see inthis young woman an end product o the phenomenon )nown as $rainwashing

8 young man /oined the armed orces o his country and crossed the sea to ight in +orea*arly in the +orean 6ar0 he was ta)en prisoner $y the Communists <e very soon conessedthat he had engaged in germ warare 6hile in the hands o the Communists0 he ell ill andwas transerred $ac) to 8merica at operation 3Little (witch3-the interchange o sic) prisonersUpon his return0 he needed to $e institutionali#ed In the institution he sat s1uat-legged in hiscell in the grip o a proound0 irreduci$le melancholy0 with a tendency towards sel-destruction <e was in love with his mistress0 Death This young soldier is a second exampleo the results o $rainwashing

The word is sometimes used to descri$e the experience on a mass scale0 o 8merican prisoners in the hands o the Chinese Communists 8merica has ought in a num$er o wars inwhich prisoners have $een ta)en (uch prisoners always proved a thorn in the side o their

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captors They were very diicult to control0 they were courageous0 they were su$/ect to thediscipline o their oicers in the prison0 they were gripped with a comradely devotion to theirellow prisoners0 and they made numerous attempts at escape 6hen 8merican prisoners owar ell into the hands o the Communists0 however0 a distur$ing transormation occurredThey were reduced to a selish0 unco-ordinated ra$$le without discipline or unity Inorming

on one another was the order o the day 8 handul o Communist Chinese )ept large groupso 8merican prisoners under control without $rutal $ashings0 without $ar$ed wireentanglements0 and with little apparent diiculty " many thousands o prisoners0 not onemade any attempt to escape during the entire period o the imprisonment "nly a smallsegment were a$le to withstand completely the attempts o the Communists to indoctrinatethem 8nother small group $ecame openly pro-Communist The remainder were demorali#ed'orty per cent o them died The Tur)ish prisoners0 on the other hand0 maintained an excellentrecord Their discipline was had completely rom top to $ottom !ot one Tur)ish prisonerdied0 and not one colla$orated

(o concerned were 8merican authorities that they instituted an in1uiry to see) the causes o

this revolution in the conduct o 8merican prisoners 8 team o trained medical oicersexamined the prisoners0 collected details o the treatment they had received0 and pro$ed orthe causes o the de$acle This evidence was pu$lished in the $oo)0 In *very 6ar $ut "ne 1

Their inding were alarming indeed In an eort to prevent similar occurrences in the uture0the army sought to esta$lish a code o conduct or any soldier so unortunate as to all into thehands o the Communists in the uture The Communist assault on the human mind ishistorically uni1ue and alarming in its eectiveness

To understand the rationale o this attac) we need to understand the Communist concept othe mind itsel The Communists are complete materialists They $elieve that matter in motionis the sum total o all $eing0 that there is nothing in the universe $ut matter in motion Man isa material machine 6ithin his $ody a stomach secretes gastric /uice0 a liver secretes $ile0 a

$rain secretes emotion and thought

8 materialist scientist $uilt a mechanical dog which he )ept in a room in his home 6hen heopened the door and allowed the light to shine on the eyes o the dog0 it moved orward andgrowled 6hen he shut the door0 it moved $ac) into position I he stro)ed the dog along the

$ac)0 it wagged its tail I he tic)led it underneath0 it lay down (aid the scientist0 3The onlydierence $etween this dog and my pet dog that runs0 /umps0 $ar)s0 and comes with me whenI ta)e a wal) is one o degree There is no dierence in )ind3

The Communists go urther The only dierence $etween the mechanical dog0 the living dog0and the human $eing is one o degree There is no dierence in )ind The human $ody issimply a material machine It is as automatic as an automo$ile Man is a complex oconditioned $ehavior The machinery is very complex0 particularly the $rain which is socomplex that it gives the impression o reedom0 choice0 and volition &ut thought is merely arelection o certain electronic impulses within the $rain The Communists0 thereore0 $elievethat i they can understand $rain structure0 the $uilding up o $rain patterns and $rain circuits0they will $e a$le to understand the ormation o human thought and will $e a$le to control anddirect human thought

The unctional unit within the $rain is the conditioned relex The Communists have studiedthe ormation0 control and elimination o conditioned relexes 8 relex is an unlearnedmuscular response to a natural or unconditioned stimulus 8t $irth a $a$y has certainremar)a$le s)ills 'or example0 it can cry0 and crying is a complex mechanical process

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re1uiring the coordination o a num$er o groups o muscles 8gain0 a $a$y can suc) Thesemuscular s)ills are the external maniestations o certain in$orn $rain patterns They areunconditioned relex actions

8t $irth0 the process o development and learning $egins Learning is the accumulation onew $rain patterns leading to muscular co-ordination o a more complex nature The $a$y ista)en and laid in a $assinet over which is suspended a little colored $all The little handsstri)e at the $all 8t irst the movements are unco-ordinated and multi-directional0 $utgradually s)ill is ac1uired until at length the little hand can hit the $all at will The s)ill isrevealed in co-ordinated muscular activity0 $ut the controlling mechanism is the pattern thathas $een developed within the $rain The s)ill is a conditioned relex

8s experience continues0 the $a$y learns to sit up0 to wal)0 to tal)0 to write0 to ride a $icycle0to play the piano0 to use a typewriter0 to drive an automo$ile 8ll these s)ills are conditionedrelexes *xperience shows itsel in intricate patterns o muscular activity0 $ut the real patternis esta$lished within the $rain

The Communists $elieve that the mind is simply a complex o conditioned relexes0 and thati they can understand the techni1ues $y which these conditioned relexes are $uilt up andhow they can $e $ro)en down0 they have ac1uired mastery over the mind itsel

The great scientist who studied the conditioned relex thoroughly and systematically was theRussian0 Pavlov <e $egan his scientiic experiments under the rule o the C#ar Lenin earlyreali#ed the vast signiicance o Pavlov%s studies or the Communist program o changing theentire mental outloo) o the Russian people Pavlov was thereore given avored treatment $ythe Communist regime

The experimental animal that he used was the dog The $asic relex that he studied was thesalivary relex 6hen a dog is hungry and is shown some meat0 his mouth waters The sight or

the smell o the meat is the normal stimulus or the low o saliva In preparation or thisexperiment0 Pavlov operated on these dogs and introduced a tu$e into the salivary duct todivert the saliva rom the intestinal tract into a $ottle so that its low could $e measured6hen the dogs were hungry0 he showed them meat and the saliva lowed The next step wasto associate the ringing o a $ell with the viewing o the meat and the lowing o the saliva 8tirst he rang a $ell at the same time as he showed them the meat Then he rang the $ell a ewseconds $eore he showed them the meat In this way0 the ringing o the $ell was associatedwith the normal stimulus in such a way that the ringing o the $ell itsel was suicient to startthe salivary low ;radually the time interval was extended until0 inally0 the dogs were soconditioned that whenever the $ell rang0 the saliva lowed The lowing o the saliva in thissituation was a conditioned relex The ringing $ell was the artiicial stimulus that produced

the relex responsePavlov experimented with a large range o stimuli to relex action <e too) colored lights thatmoved in a circular pattern0 lights that moved in an elliptical pattern0 and0 ater due trainingand conditioning0 was a$le to o$tain speciic responses or each o the lights that he showed<e su$/ected the dogs to contradictory stimuli and studied their $ehavior to see which relexeswere more powerul <e had a whole )ennel o dogs each o which was conditioned to reactto a given stimulus in a ixed manner

In ,E7? Leningrad experienced a ma/or lood Pavlov%s dogs were trapped and0 or severaldays0 were cut o rom human help 6hen inally they were rescued0 their mu##les were /uststic)ing out o the water 'or several days0 they had $een cold0 rightened0 hungry0 and

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exhausted 8ter their rescue0 the acute o$server0 Pavlov0 noticed a strange thing (ome o hisdogs went into a state o proound depression They lost interest in ood0 and in the normalactivities o a dog%s lie There was no $ar)ing and no rushing a$out Their movements wereslow and inre1uent To them lie seemed to have lost its luster Most interesting o all was theact that in this state their conditioned relexes were a$olished Pavlov ound that he could

then condition them according to an entirely dierent patternPavlov applied the inormation thus accidentally discovered to experiments to destroyconditioned relex patterns 8t irst he continued to experiment with dogs $ut during the lastten years o his lie0 man $ecame his experimental animal <e developed techni1ues whichcould shatter the esta$lished pattern o human personality so that the ragments could $eintegrated into a new structure o memory0 /udgement0 and emotion in line with the desires othe Communist cratsmen

The irst step in the process was to $ring a$out a state o $rea)down similar to thatexperienced $y the dogs Pavlov called it cortical inhi$ition o the higher cere$ral unctionThis is the state commonly )nown as a mental $rea)down which has occurred naturally in

humans or many years Pavlov esta$lished techni1ues where$y he could cause an artiicialmental $rea)down The our things necessary to $ring a$out this state were present in the

$rea)down o the trapped dogs They are exhaustion0 conusion0 chronic physical pain0 andemotional tension or ear

"xhaustion

To parody a statement o Tolstoi2 36hen the Communists wish to $rainwash0 they irstexhaust3 The irst step0 then0 is to exhaust the individual <e is su$/ected to long periods owa)eulness arious tactics are adopted to ma)e sure that he cannot rest <e may have tosnatch $rie periods o sleep with a light shining in his ace I he turns over0 the attendantcomes along and awa)ens him with a command to get $ac) into position (leep is short andsporadic The techni1ues to induce prolonged wa)eulness may vary rom pleasura$le0continuous excitement0 to physical pain The essential eature is to ro$ the $ody o sleep sothat utter exhaustion prevails

Conusion

6ith exhaustion0 there is the concurrent development o conusion 6hile the deenses o hismind are wea)ened and undermined $y his extreme weariness0 the patient is su$/ected tolengthy periods o 1uestioning <e sits acing his interrogator 8 $right light shines

relentlessly into his eyes =uestions are as)ed one ater the other There is no attorney presentto warn him against loaded 1uestions There is no privilege o reraining rom answering orear o possi$le sel-incrimination *very 1uestion must $e answered 8t irst the 1uestions aresimple They oten concern this social origin0 early childhood and amily The 1uestioneroten shows a conciliatory attitude ;radually the 1uestions pry deeper and deeper into thehidden recesses o his mind =uestions are ramed in such a way that any simple answercontains a damaging admission =uestions relative to imaginary crimes he is alleged to havecommitted are su$tly introduced

"ne o the most re1uent accusations made against missionaries in China was that theyoperated secret radio transmitters to $roadcast the ruits o their espionage to Chiang +ai-she)

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or 8merica The 1uestioner might suddenly as)0 38re you sorry now that you transmitted thisinormation93 I he answers simply 34es3 or 3!o03 he is admitting association with a3transmitter3

I the mind is alert0 the trap is seen and avoided0 $ut this re1uires clear insight and lucidexpression 8s exhaustion develops0 the deenses o the mind $rea) down 8 1uestioncontaining a trap is as)ed. a simple answer is given. and the su$/ect is caught 8ter a ewmore 1uestions0 they conront him with the hidden admission contained in the simple answerhe gave <e denies it They ta)e him $ac) to his original answer and as)0 3Isn%t this what yousaid93 <e replies that this is so

36ell0 does this not ac)nowledge so and so93 <e has to admit that it does

Relentlessly they continue 3Previously you ac)nowledged this. now you deny it 6hen wereyou lying0 then or now93 <e insists that he is spea)ing the truth now

3I you were a liar then0 how can we $elieve you now93 they demand <e $ecomes soconused that the $orderline o truth and alsehood $ecomes $lurred The connection $etween

reality and antasy is lost and he is no longer sure what is true and what is alse In such acondition0 he $ecomes an easy prey or the suggestions o the Communist $rainwashingtherapist

Chronic Physical Pain

8long with exhaustion and conusion0 the 3$rainwashee3 is su$/ect to chronic physical painThis is applied with great care or their goal is always clearly $eore them They are notaiming at torturing their victim till he conesses to something he )nows to $e untrue Theydesire to reduce him to the state where he $elieves the untruth to $e true They do not want a

physical $rea)down $eore they get a mental one Physical damage should not $e permanentor leave clearly visi$le scars The physical pain0 thereore0 is chronic in nature0 and not acutetorture I the weather is cold0 the victim may $e let without ade1uate covering so that handsand eet $ecome rost$itten <e may $e made to endure hunger and thirst Chronic sores may

$rea) out <e may $e let in a position o extreme discomort0 una$le to stand up and una$leto sit or lie down Physical movement may $e restricted $y handcus or chains <e longs and

prays or an end to his apparently endless ordeal

2ear

In addition to exhaustion0 conusion0 and chronic physical pain0 there is the constant

application o emotional tension or ear The emotional personality is analy#ed to determinethe wea)est point I there is intense devotion to wie or amily0 threats to them may $e heldconstantly $eore the victim%s eyes 8 group may inha$it a cell "ne $y one they are called outat intervals o a ew days The sound o a shot is heard The man ta)en out does not return8nxiety and ear are experienced $y those who remain *ach lives in constant inner emotionaltorment &y such processes as these0 a mental $rea)down is induced The old personality

pattern is shattered and the victim is ready to $e molded according to the desires o theCommunist Party

*xhaustion0 conusion0 chronic physical pain and emotional tension0 employed in scientiic $alance0 inally achieve the irst goal 8 $rea)down occurs The mind ragments In Pavlovianlanguage0 cortical inhi$ition o the higher cere$ral unction occurs

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The characteristics o this $rea)down are as ollows

, Ph!si"al retardation. The victim tends to remain almost motionless in the same position orlong periods o time Movements when they do ta)e place are slow and ponderous There is atotal lac) o vitality0 interest and enthusiasm

7 #emor! ragmentation. The integrated pattern o past experience em$racing memory0interpretation and /udgment is shattered 'ragments o past experience are remem$ered dimly

$ut without relation to other memories o events The time se1uence o events is lost The $orderline $etween act and ancy0 $etween memory and dream is $lurred

> #elan"hol!. The typical pattern is one o deep melancholia The mind is gripped $y anameless woe There is deep and enduring depression 're1uently suicidal tendencies developas the misery appears too heavy to $e $orne I the physical means are availa$le0 the suererwill readily end his own lie

? $n"reased suggesti%ilit!. The $arriers o the mind are down Memory is aded Logic isimpaired :udgement is impossi$le In the a$sence o the restraints o the healthy mind0 the

power o suggestion is enhancedThe Communists ta)e advantage o this wea) and unresisting state0 and0 $y suggestion0 lin)the shattered ragments o memory into the new pattern They suggest the new ideas whichthey want $elieved To these ideas they attach the sense o guilt which the victim is alreadyeeling They remove the excess emotional depression and then identiy themselves withmeasures to alleviate his suering0 $ut they are careul to leave the delusional $eliesunaltered They now have their end product-a person with memories o things he has notdone0 with a sense o guilt or crimes he did not commit0 and with a passionate love or thosewho have persecuted and tormented him

(uggestion is a powerul orce even under normal conditions This has $een discovered $y

advertisers and used to considera$le advantage I mysel have re1uently carried out aninteresting little experiment on the power o suggestion "ne o the pro$lems conronting mein my itinerant lie is that perectly well-meaning0 hospita$le 8mericans try to persuade me todrin) that dar)0 viscous0 $itter $everage called coee (ometimes I drin) it0 $ut sometimes Isay2 3I used to drin) it0 $ut I carried out some research and discovered what coee really isDo you )now what it really is9 They ta)e the castor oil $ean0 soa) it in shellac until it isthoroughly impregnated They put on a great advertising rac)et and pretend that it comes rom&ra#il so that they can tre$le the price They grind it up and they $rew it The castor oil givesit the lavor0 the shellac gives it the color0 and the idiots drin) it3 It is ama#ing how many

people have loo)ed at me with wide open eyes and said2 3Is that true93 !o matter how stupidthe statement0 i it is made with an attitude o apparent sincerity and conviction0 there are

always those who will $e convinced o its truth

"nce people are conditioned so that a certain word is associated with emotions o repulsion oranger0 that word $ecomes a trigger $y which those emotions may $e discharged Reason andlogic are 1uite unnecessary That word is used0 the trigger is pulled0 and out come theemotions This was $rought home to me very powerully one evening when I was spea)ingupon the su$/ect o $rainwashing at a church I used my illustration a$out coee to indicatehow suggesti$le people are I reached the climax2 the castor oil gives it the lavor0 the shellacgives it the color0 and the idiots drin) it To my great surprise0 the whole audience $ro)e outinto loud0 sustained applause I was startled I had thought I was telling a /o)e (uddenly thetruth dawned on me The audience consisted o a group o coee haters This was a group to

HE



whom drin)ing coee was a sin They did not examine my argument critically. theyresponded to the trigger The word $ecame stimulus to a relex response "nce people areconditioned li)e that0 there is no need or logic0 reason or truth 8ll that is needed is or theword to $e said and out will come the emotions

The Communists have ta)en the words 3Capitalism03 38merican imperialism03 and even theword 3peace3 and made them trigger words and used them in slogans 3Capitalism3immediately con/ures up a picture o greed and exploitation0 and releases emotions o scornand anger 38merican imperialism03 attached to the most altruistic 8merican actions0 ma)ethem appear sha$$y and shameul The word 3peace03 associated with Communist treachery0

$rutality and tyranny0 clothes Communism in garments o hope and $eauty To these triggerwords0 young people throughout the world are $eing conditioned to respond

This campaign o the Communists has $een so successul that even the most ardent supporterso Capitalism hesitate to use the word and search or some less oensive synonym It needs to

$e constantly taught that Capitalism has produced a standard o economic well-$eing andsimultaneously sustained individual li$erty to a degree unapproached $y any other system

Capitalism is a dynamic system that can ad/ust to changing conditions and it is ininitely preera$le to the tyranny o regimentation under the dictatorship o a sel-proclaimed elite0whether this latter system calls itsel 3Communism3 or some more euphemistic name

Let us return to our victim undergoing $rainwashing <e has reached the point o mental $rea)down with ragmentation o mind and memory &y a process o suggestion0 theCommunists lin) together the shattered ragments o their victim%s mind Certain memoriesthey careully retain "thers they deli$erately conuse and eliminate 8 missionary servingwith the China Inland Mission when the Communists too) over China underwent theexperience o $rainwashing <e tells how they convinced him that under every church that hehad $uilt he constructed a storeroom or ammunition or Chiang +ai-she)%s soldiers It was

true that he had $uilt a room under each church where he had $een This room was the $aptistry or the $aptism o adults $y immersion 6hen the Communists had him thoroughlyexhausted0 depressed and conused0 they illed these rooms with weapons and showed them tohim They had him handle the weapons and ammunition Later on0 they too) his inger printsrom the ammunition that he had handled in these rooms and used them to convince him thathe had $uilt the rooms and illed them with weapons or the use o the orces o Chiang +ai-she) <e remem$ered $uilding the rooms0 and he remem$ered handling the weapons &yclever suggestion0 the Communists were a$le to weave these scraps o memory together andto convince him o the truth o their accusations <e was then overwhelmed with guilt or histreacherous acts

8ter the experience o $rainwashing0 the victim suers rom severe emotional depressionThe excessive elements o this depression are removed in various ways They allow time todo its healing wor) It is possi$le that they use electric shoc) treatment The advantage oshoc) treatment is that is can remove emotional depression without aecting the ideasassociated with the depression I an individual is convinced that his grandmother let him amillion dollars and that his wic)ed step-sister stole it rom him0 he is li)ely to $e exceedinglymisera$le in his delusional state 8ter shoc) treatment0 he remains convinced that hisgrandmother let him the million dollars and that his wic)ed step-sister stole it rom him0 $utcan now ace this act with a measure o e1uanimity Moreover0 shoc) treatment is ollowed

$y an amnesia0 and there is no memory o the treatment%s $eing received It could $e given privately and the individual would never remem$er that he had received it

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In time0 the victim o $rainwashing is $rought out and presented in court <e ma)es hisconession <e is o$served and interviewed $y the reporters !o apparent physical damage isnoted0 and his conession goes out to all the world

It is possi$le to recover rom $rainwashing /ust as recovery is possi$le in cases o mentalcollapse induced $y the pressures o society 'or a cure to $e eected0 the victim must $eremoved rom the environment containing the pressures that produced the collapse Themissionary who $elieved himsel guilty o $uilding ammunition storerooms in the churcheswas )ept 1uiet in a dar) room0 ater his release rom China0 and allowed to tal) 8s hereleased his tensions0 the real $ecame disassociated rom the alse0 and he returned to anormal mental and spiritual state Most people do recover0 $ut not all In any case0 the scars otheir ordeal remain

n%octrination

The term 3$rainwashing3 is not always used to indicate the process descri$ed The word has

captured pu$lic imagination and is used very loosely The process o indoctrination $yrepetition rather than reason is re1uently termed $rainwashing The Communists are adept atthis also They tell a lie0 ma)e it $ig0 repeat it oten0 and the ma/ority o people $elieve them

This0 o course0 is a principle which has long $een practiced $y advertisers There are some particularly remar)a$le examples in the ield o to$acco advertising There is little attempt ata reasoned0 logical argument They see) a catchy slogan to repeat over and over again (omeyears ago when a certain company was promoting an especially long cigarette0 the sloganadopted was2 3(creens out irritants $ut never screens out lavor3 The idea apparently was thatthe length o the cigarette acted as a ilter The 1uestion which should arise at once is2 6hathappens when the cigarette $urns down to the normal si#e9 4et this o$vious lac) o logic andcommon sense apparently made no dierence to the eectiveness o the advertisingcampaign The slogan was repeated so many times that large num$ers o peopleun1uestiona$ly assumed its truth

Driving $ac) one night rom Milwau)ee to Chicago0 I listened to a remar)a$le interview onthe radio The man $eing interviewed was a prosecuting attorney <e was discussing drin)ingdrivers <e was devastating <e said0 38nyone who drin)s and drives an automo$ile is a

potential murderer 8nyone who drin)s0 drives an automo$ile and )ills is an actual murdererThere is no dierence $etween )illing as a result o drun)en driving0 and )illing with a gun(ince every$ody drives0 no$ody should drin) "ne drin) lowers your eiciency and increasesyour reaction time There is only one place or drin)ing drivers and that is prison &y ;od%sgrace0 that%s where I intend to put them53

!o sooner had he inished than the announcer%s voice was heard2 3The oregoing interviewwas sponsored $y a well-)nown $rand o $eer3 There ollowed a specious statement thatsince this $eer was the $est o all $eers0 you owed it to yoursel and your riends to pic) up acarton o it on the way home and to )eep it in the rerigerator as you never )new when yourriends might drive $y and call on you I you did not have a drin) there to welcome them0you were certainly a poor host and no gentleman

The sponsors o this program were not trying to ruin their $usiness They dou$tless )new verywell that the program would do them no harm0 or they were well aware that repetition wouldcon1uer reason The listening audience would hear the prosecuting attorney once0 and perhapsthey would agree with him. $ut they would hear the $eer announcement a hundred times ➩

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Reason may reach the conscious mind while repetition inluences the unconscious mindwhich is the source o so much human conduct

The Communists )now that i they want something accepted without 1uestion0 they must sayit0 say it0 and say it again Thereore they are repeating day and night $y radio0 $y television0

$y literature o every type0 two simple lies2 one is that wherever Communism is in power0 the people are prosperous0 healthy0 happy and ree. the other is that 8merica is vile and evil $eyond measure0 a land o hunger0 malnutrition0 depression0 exploitation0 poverty and ear0and a desperate threat to the peace o the world 8n evidence o this Communist techni1ue is a

$oo) which they have pu$lished in 8ustralia called This is 8merica There is not one word inthis $oo) which is not 1uoted directly rom the non-Communist 8merican press "ut o thetremendous 1uantity o material pu$lished0 the Communists have ta)en any statement whichcan help to $uild a picture o a poverty-ridden0 oppressed 8merica 8ll the articles andstatements that suggest otherwise0 they have ignored completely The ollowing are some1uotations rom the $oo)

3"ne third o the city%s $a$ies0 $orn and un$orn0 suer rom malnutrition as a result o high

prices0 the Right Rev Charles + ;il$ert0 &ishop o the *piscopal Diocese o !ew 4or)0 toldthe Congressional Committee3 !ew 4or) 6orld Telegram0 (eptem$er 7@0 ,E?H

36e eed our hogs $etter than our children3 <eading on an article in the 8merican Maga#ine0"cto$er0 ,E?H0 $y 'red &ailey0 *xecutive Director o !ational 8gricultural Research0 Inc

38pproximately 70@BB0BBB residents o !ew 4or) ace undernourishment and deiciency dietsdue to the inlated costs o ood This is the grim0 outstanding evidence produced $y a our-day hearing on ood prices $y the eastern su$-committee o a /oint CongressionalCommittee3 =uoted in the Christian (cience Monitor0 (eptem$er 70 ,E?H

3Three ourths o the nation%s children suer rom undernourishment0 a study o Pennsylvania(tate College esta$lished3 =uoted $y 8ssociated Press on Decem$er 7B0 ,E@B

The Communists do not need to tell lies in order to create the picture they desire 8ll theyneed to do is to select rom the total picture those things that it into their pre-conceived

pattern 8s Tennyson said2

A lie that&s hal a truth is the wi"'edest lie o all,

(or a lie that&s all a lie "an %e met with and ought outright,

But a lie that is hal a truth is a harder matter to ight.

The Communists are creating a picture o 8merica which is completely alse and are pro/ecting this picture into the minds o the people o the world 6hat 8merica does or doesnot do ma)es little dierence to this picture It is easy to say0 3Let the acts spea) orthemselves3 Unortunately acts have a very sot voice0 and their message is not heard $ythose who are not in the immediate environment The United (tates-Canadian $order is a actThe a$sence o military esta$lishments0 the re1uency and ease o two-way transportation areindisputa$le acts They have not $een a$le to contradict or millions o people the constantlyreiterated Communist lie that the United (tates is viciously imperialistic0 threatening the

peace and integrity o all the people o the world ➩

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In the ormation o pu$lic opinion0 it is not what you do that counts0 $ut what people $elieve you do "pinions vary concerning the wisdom o the action oPresident *isenhower in sending troops into Little Roc)0 8r)ansas0 in (eptem$er0,E@A The act is indisputa$le that they were sent to ena$le !egro children toattend school <owever0 competent o$servers report that the ma/ority o people in

8rica $elieve that they were sent in to prevent !egro children rom attendingschool The attitude o these people towards 8merica is ormed rom theirerroneous $elies0 not rom the acts The Communists spare no expenses andma)e prodigious eorts to print and distri$ute literature giving a completely alse

picture o lie and character in the United (tates The alsity o this picture o8merica is only surpassed $y the picture they present o alleged universalhappiness and contentment under Communism

The dierence $etween lie under Communist rule and lie in 8merica is wellillustrated $y the act that whenever Communism comes to power0 in spite o theglory o their promises0 the earul reality proves the magnitude o their deception

and people lee $y the million 8t every Communist $order in the world wherethere is any possi$ility o escape0 this exodus continues The United (tates0 on theother hand0 is a magnet to her neigh$ors 8 million people a year ris) their livesnot trying to get out0 $ut trying to get in0 not to live at the highest standard0 $ut atthe lowest standard ;reat num$ers cross the Rio ;rande River and enter illegallyrom Mexico Conditions in Mexico are certainly very poor0 $ut this alone wouldnot account or the inlux Conditions in Tur)ey are ar rom ideal Poverty thereis rie also 4et there is no stream o reugees rom Tur)ey into Russia These actsmust $e told till they are )nown in every noo) and cranny o the earth 8mericashould mo$ili#e her remar)a$le s)ill with the means o communication to achievethis end The alternative is to $ecome an island o unease in a surrounding sea ohatred

The phenomenon o $rainwashing is one o the maniestations o the true natureo Communism It is re$ellion against ;od. it is re$ellion against the human mind.it is re$ellion against the purpose0 signiicance and value o the individual Theway to deeat it is to deeat the program o Communist expansion 6hen the doorcloses $ehind you in the $rainwashing cham$er0 it will $e too late

, *ugene +in)ead0 In *very 6ar $ut "ne0 6 6 !orton Co0 !ew 4or)0 ,E@E

➩

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10 The Diicu#t7 Deious7 -nd Dangerous

Dia#ectic

The dialectical philosophy is the most diicult0 the least understood0 and possi$ly the mostimportant aspect o Communism It is this philosophy which directs the apparentlyunpredicta$le and constantly changing Communist course

Most people are very practical They $elieve the evidence o their senses They loo) or anenemy which is o$vious and tangi$le They say0 3I am interested in the Communists0 andconcerned $y their actions Tell me who they are and show me where they are and I will )nowhow to act3 "r they may say0 3I am interested in Communist economic theory0 in theirmilitary power and in their su$versive organi#ation0 $ut don%t tal) to me a$out philosophyThat is too deep or me Tal)ing a$out their philosophy only conuses me3 (uch people are

interested in the supericial maniestations o Communist organi#ation0 $ut they are notinterested in the philosophic credo rom which they draw their motivating orces0 their $asicstrategy0 and their conidence in the uture They are reminiscent o dairy armers who areinterested in mil)0 $ut not in cows0 orchardists who are interested in ruit0 $ut not it trees0 orapiarists who are interested in honey $ut not in $ees The supericial maniestations oCommunism are insepara$ly related to its underlying philosophic concept

8s I have travelled throughout this country addressing civic clu$s0 patriotic groups0 churchesand schools0 I have re1uently as)ed three simple 1uestions The irst is that all those presentwho have heard o Communism and who )now that it exists should raise their hands 8llhands are immediately raised The second re1uest is that all those present who are opposed to

Communism and not ashamed to say so should raise their hands 8gain all the hands shootinto the air The vast ma/ority o people readily airm their opposition to Communism

The third 1uestion I preace $y the ollowing remar)s2 3&e careul how you answer this1uestion0 or i you answer it in the airmative0 I will test you out $y as)ing one urther1uestion It will not $e a diicult 1uestion0 $ut i you cannot answer it0 you have no right toanswer this 1uestion in the airmative The third 1uestion is2 6ill those who )now whatCommunism is please raise their hands93 "ne or two hands creep hesitantly and tentativelyinto the air I then say0 3Communism has a system o philosophic thought0 an interpretation o

$eing0 a $oo) o undamental rules )nown as its philosophy To the ounders o Communism0this was the most important eature o their entire program It underlies0 uniies0 integrates0and directs the apparently contradictory phenomena o Communist conduct and unites them

into a purposeul whole It is the ma/or su$/ect in every Communist school in the world 'romit they derive their deinitions o such terms as peace0 truth0 righteousness0 /ustice0 anddemocracy I you do not understand something a$out the philosophy o Communism0 youunderstand little a$out Communism itsel 6hat is the name o the philosophy oCommunism93

This 1uestion elicits a considera$le range o answers $ut seldom the right one The answer is0o course0 Dialectical Materialism The Communists have made no secret o this They havewritten it down0 they have announced it to all the world0 they teach it in every school that theycontrol 4et it is a som$er act that many anti-Communists have never even heard the nameUntil recently0 it was most unusual to ind individuals in most groups who could so much as

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name their philosophy *ven today0 the num$er o those who have any understanding oDialectical Materialism is very small indeed

"ne (unday aternoon0 $y a peculiar accumulation o circumstances0 I ound mysel spea)ingrom the Communist platorm in the Domain in (ydney0 8ustralia The (ydney Domain0 alovely par) ad/acent to the (ydney har$or0 is possi$ly the world%s greatest open orum To this

par) each (unday aternoon come all those with a message0 real or imaginary0 and there theyharangue the passing throng People gather in the thousands The Communists always have alarge0 well organi#ed meeting 8s I spo)e rom the Communist platorm0 I mentionedDialectical Materialism0 whereupon the Communists leader challenged me 36hat isDialectical Materialism93 he as)ed I replied0 3Dialectical Materialism is the philosophy o+arl Marx that he ormulated $y ta)ing the dialectic o <egel0 marrying it to the materialismo 'euer$ach0 a$stracting rom it the concept o progress in terms o the conlict ocontradictory0 interacting orces called the Thesis and the 8ntithesis culminating at a criticalnodal point where one overthrows the other0 giving rise to the (ynthesis0 applying it to thehistory o social development0 and deriving thererom an essentially revolutionary concept o

social change3 The 1uestioner loo)ed at me with wide-open eyes I added0 3Don%t $lame meIt is your philosophy0 not mine 4ou are the one who $elieves it3

I we examine the philosophy o Dialectical Materialism in more detail0 we see that there aretwo elements in it There is the dialectical portion0 and there is the materialist portion Let usirst consider $riely the materialism The Communists are materialists They airmconidently0 arrogantly0 and repeatedly that there is nothing in the world except matter inmotion The precise orm o their materialism was ta)en rom the ;erman philosopher0'euer$ach0 a renegade theologian who orsoo) Theism and em$raced materialism <is $asicslogan was2 3Man is what he eats 6e are matter in motion0 nothing more3

The argument $etween the materialist and the idealist is as old as the history o human

thought Into the two categories0 realists and idealists0 the philosophers o the world have $eendivided The realists or materialists contend that matter is the ultimate reality0 and that thoughtis a secondary maniestation o matter "n the other hand0 the idealists contend that matter is)nown only through thought Ta)e away thought and matter would $e non-existent The $asicreality0 thereore0 is thought

The ollowing simple 1uestion is 1uite an eective instrument or distinguishing realists romidealists The 1uestion is2 Do the wild waves $eating on the shore ma)e a noise when no oneis there to hear them9 Those who $elieve that the wild waves do ma)e a noise whether anyoneis there or not are realists. those who $elieve that the wild waves ma)e no noise unlesssomeone is there to hear them are idealists The realists $elieve that the noise is in themovement o the water itsel. the idealists $elieve that it is a concept in some mind ollowingthe sensory mechanisms o perception To the idealists0 the noise is actually a maniestation othe mind It is interesting to note that when this 1uestion is put to audiences0 the realists ormaterialists usually outnum$er the idealists $y three to one

It is to $e noted that the word 3idealism3 $ears no moral connotation (ince this word isassociated in many minds with moral issues0 it is diicult or those minds to divest the term oits moral attri$utes In this sense the terms 3idealist3 and 3materialist3 reer merely to conceptso ultimate reality

The Communists have no dou$t as to where they stand They are matierialists 8s ar as +arlMarx was concerned0 the idealist philosophers were simply the instruments o clericalreaction0 servants o the clergy in their $asic purpose o oppressing the wor)ing class in the

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interests o the Capitalist reactionaries That disciple o Marx0 Mao Tse-tung0 expresses itthus2 3There is nothing in the world except matter in motion3F,G

Most o the materialistic philosophers o Marx%s day were mechanists They $elieved thatmaterialism allowed no room or individual0 volitional action Their view was that all naturewas automatic0 that all actions were compulsory $ecause o the orces that operated on theindividual *ach man%s destiny was $eyond his control Materialist philosophy thus resulted innihilism in action and conduct This philosophy is very well expressed $y :ames Thomson inhis poem0 3The City o Dreadul !ight03 where he portrays a man as the helpless plaything othe orces o nature

$ one is %orn a "ertain da! on earth,

All times and or"es tended to that %irth,

ot all the world "ould "hange or hinder it.

In marrying materialism to the <egelian dialectic0 Marx perormed a remar)a$le operation<e $rought into materialism an element o devotion0 sacriice0 initiative0 and purpose <eenunciated a deternimistic0 materialistic philosophy and0 at the same time0 $rought into $eingintense0 passionate dedication to ma)e the inevita$le come to pass This is a truly remar)a$leMarxist achievement I a group o people are utterly convinced that the sun is going to rise at@2>B am it should $e a very diicult tas) to persuade these same people to awa)en an hourearly and wor) li)e slaves to ma)e the sun do what they )now it is going to do Marx%sachievement was somewhat similar to this <e too) materialistic philosophy which taught thatthe orce o history had decreed that certain things must inevita$ly happen0 and married this

philosophy to an intense personal0 sacriicial dedication to ma)e these things come to pass <edid this $y introducing a mystical element rom the <egelian dialectical

The ;erman philosopher0 <egel0 was the great philosopher o the early nineteenth century<is were the wor)s and ideas which were discussed $y the young intellectuals in theuniversities o that day <egel was an idealist0 $elieving in the primacy o thought rather thano matter 6ithin the ramewor) o his idealistic philosophy0 he developed the dialectic<egel%s philosophic thought is very diicult to understand <egel himsel is reported to havesaid0 3"nly one man has understood me0 and even he has not53 Marx contended that he wasthe one man who understood <egel0 and claimed that <egel did not understand himsel Marxtoo) the dialectical portion o <egelian philosophy0 married it to the materialism o'euer$ach0 and produced dialectical materialism Closely associated with him in his wor) was'rederic) *ngels who $ecame his lielong colla$orator0 co-wor)er0 supporter0 and interpreter

Together Marx and *ngels $uilt the philosophic $asis o Communist practice

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Features o the Dia#ectic

1. Progress

The irst eature o the dialectic is the axiom that progress is inherent in change The dialecticis a dynamic philosophy It says that nothing is0 that everything is in a state o lux ordevelopment The dialectic would teach0 or example0 that no man can stand twice on the $an)o the same river0 or the second time it is a totally dierent river In a similar way0 everythingis in process o development and change 8round us is a vast panorama o changingcircumstances and conditions 6ithin the vastness o this change0 there is a principle odeveloping organi#ation0 there is movement rom lower to higher <idden within the diversityand apparent purposelessness o change there is a principle o progress

The Communists ma)e no attempt to prove that progress is at the heart o change It is one otheir axioms They accept it $y aith In this sense0 it is a pseudo-religious $elie

The word 3progressive3 has $ecome one o their $asic words The Communist $oo)store inLos 8ngeles is called the 3Progressive3 &oo)store The last ma/or political assault theCommunists made on the presidency o the United (tates was through the 3Progressive3Party The Communists in la$or unions always reer to themselves either as the 3Militants3 orthe 3Progressives3

The Communists apply this principle o progress in change to their own status within societyLiu (hao-chi writes2

the 1uestion arises2 Can Communist society $e $rought a$out9 "ur answer is 3yes3 8$outthis the whole theory o Marxism-Leninism oers a scientiic explanation that leaves no roomor dou$t It urther explains that as the ultimate result o the class struggle o man)ind0 such a

society will inevita$ly $e $rought a$outF7G

They are the wave o the uture Their victory is as certain as the rising o the sun $ecause thesame material law that causes the sun to rise in the morning has ordained that they shallcon1uer and rule the world " this they have no vestige o dou$t

(ince they $elieve this completely0 their convictions are undistur$ed $y any evidence to thecontrary that may appear day $y day They stand a$ove the changing scene o daily e$$ andlow and see the currents and tides o history The idea that their aith can $e shattered $yanything they see at present is naive to the point o im$alance :ust how how widespread theignorance o this is was revealed $y many o the reasons advanced in support o +hrushchev%s

visit to the United (tates in (eptem$er0 ,E@E 8n argument re1uently put orward was2 Let usshow +hrushchev how the people o 8merica live. let him see their ine homes0 their modernautomo$iles0 their open churches 6hen he sees all this he will $e impressed and will reali#ethe error o his previous viewpoint (uch an argument as this displays gross ignorance o+hrushchev%s dialectical aith In the irst place0 +hrushchev%s espionage system is such thathe was a$le to discover the most intimate secrets o 8merican atomic science To imagine thathe needed to come to 8merica to discover how the 8merican people lived0 in what )ind ohouses they lived and how many cars they had is utterly inantile <e was e1ually well awareo the power and preparedness o 8merica%s military might &ut even i this were not so0 even+hrushchev%s tour o 8merica had revealed to him many unsuspected acts a$out the8merican way o lie0 none o these could have changed him undamentally 'or present

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conditions and circumstances have little authority to him +hrushchev is a Communist0 not $ecause o the present0 $ut $ecause o the uture <is lie is governed $y a vision o the utureThe uture $elongs to the Communists They will inevita$ly con1uer the world 4ou do not

/udge a $uilding $y the temporary scaolding on which its $uilders wal) 4ou see the visionin the mind o the architect

8n analogy may $e drawn rom the production o steel The manuacturer promises a $eautiul0 $urnished steel In order to o$tain this end product0 the metal must go throughcertain dirty unattractive stages 8t one stage it is treated in the searing0 laming heat o theurnace 6ere you to go to the manuacturer at this particular stage and say0 34ou have not)ept your word This is not steel It is merely lame and heat I can%t use this53 he would loo)at you in utter ama#ement

6hen the Communists listen to our arguments $ased on present circumstances and conditions0they must certainly $e ama#ed0 or their whole program rests on the uture +hrushchev waswell aware o 8merica%s present wealth and power <e is reported as having said0 38nyonewho does not )now that 8merica is rich and strong is un$elieva$ly stupid3 This reali#ation

merely conirms his aith in the greater glory o the uture Communist state

It is this uture in which he is interested and in which he irmly $elieves In the last analysis0he $elieves in the inevita$le triumph o Communism not $ecause o the evidence0 $ut $ecauseo his aith in the dialectic 8s a true $eliever he has lived and la$ored during orty years osacriice0 danger and $rutality

!. The Dialectic Nature o Progress

The second eature o the dialectic is the nature o progress Dialectical progress ta)es placein a certain pattern The Communist slogan is2 3!ature acts dialectically3 6ishing to advancedialectically in a room ull o people0 I do not wal) through the aisle and straight toward mygoal !or do I move slowly through the crowd sha)ing hands with riends and ac1uaintances0discussing points o interest0 gradually nearing the o$/ective The dialectical pathway isdierent It consists o a resolute orward advance ollowed $y an a$rupt turn and retreat<aving retreated a distance there is another turn and advance Through a series o orward-

$ac)ward steps the goal is approached To advance thus is to advance dialectically

The Communist goal is ixed and changeless0 $ut their direction o advance reverses itselrom time to time They approach their goal $y going directly away rom it a considera$le

portion o the time Lenin wrote the text$oo)0 "ne (tep 'orward0 Two (teps &ac) ChineseCommunist schoolchildren are taught to do the dialectical march ta)ing three steps orwardand two steps $ac) I we /udge where the Communists are going $y the direction in which

they are moving0 we will o$viously $e deceived

The Communist method o advance may $e li)ened to the hammering o a nail It is a veryoolish person who $rin)s the hammer down with a crashing0 resounding $low and then )eeps

pushing 6hen the irst $low has spent itsel0 $ac) must go the hammer in preparation or thenext $low 8 person seeing the reverse movement o the hammer as an isolated act in time andnot understanding the process o which this was a part0 might ind it diicult to $elieve thatthis hammer was driving in the nail 6hen he sees the $ac)ward swing as portion o acomplete process0 he reali#es that the withdrawal is as important as the downward thrust tothe reali#ation o the o$/ective

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'or those not trained in dialectical thin)ing0 it is very diicult to understand that theCommunists have a ixed and changeless goal0 $ut that their method o approach reversesitsel all the time The tendency is to /udge where they are going $y the direction in whichthey are moving Many colleges taught0 or example0 that Communism as practised in Russia

$y Lenin and (talin was a departure rom Marx They claimed that Marx%s teaching had many

good eatures a$out it0 $ut that Lenin and (talin put into practice something entirely dierent(upericially the argument is reasona$le Ta)e0 or example0 Marx%s teaching concerningmarriage and what is practiced in Russia with regard to marriage Marx taught the a$olition omarriage The Communist Maniesto says2

"n what oundation is the present amily0 the $ourgeois amily0 $ased9 "n capital0 on privategain In its completely developed orm this amily exists only among the $ourgeoisie &ut thisstate o things inds its complement in the practical a$sence o the amily among the

proletarians0 and in pu$lic prostitution

The $ourgeois amily will vanish as a matter o course when its complement vanishes0 and

$oth will vanish with the vanishing o capitalF>G

In the light o this teaching0 it might $e expected that in Russia they would $e wea)ening theamily prior to its a$olition The truth is that they are presently strengthening the amilyDivorce is discouraged. puritanic morals are encouraged. rewards are oered to those whohave large amilies They are strengthening the amily in every way Logically it would seemthat since they are strengthening the amily in Russia0 they must have orsa)en Marxism TheCommunists0 however0 thin) and act dialectically They reali#e that it is dialectical toapproach their goal $y going directly away rom it Their ultimate goal is to a$olish theamily &ut they cannon a$olish the amily until they have changed human nature. they cannotchange human nature till they control completely the environment that generates human

nature. they cannot totally control the environment until they have con1uered the world anddestroyed the present environment. and they cannot con1uer the world unless they develop amore courageous0 more patriotic0 more nationalistic people than their enemy They have ound

$y experience that they cannot develop a strong0 nationalistic0 patriotic people withoutencouraging a irm amily $ase They must thereore strengthen the amily to develop the

patriotism and courage o the people to increase the power o the Communist (tate so thatthey may con1uer the world0 esta$lish a Communist dictatorship0 and regenerate man)indThey will then a$olish the amily &y strengthening the amily0 they are dialecticallya$olishing it There is no inconsistency here They are applying dynamic Marxism

The same thing applies in the realm o religion The ultimate goal o Communism is thea$olition o all religion Lenin says0 38theism is a natural and insepara$le portion oMarxism0 o the theory and practice o scientiic socialism "ur propaganda necessarilyincludes propaganda or atheism3 It would $e logical0 thereore0 to expect the persecution oreligion wherever Communism is in power In many places this is happening0 $ut not in all Insome states under Communist rule0 religion is $eing patroni#ed and encouraged

Religion constitutes a orce that moves to action a certain segment o the CommunityCommunism utili#es existing orces Religion0 thereore0 must $e utili#ed to advance the inalgoal o Communism which is world con1uest and thus contri$ute to its own destruction

There are various ways in which religion may $e used They may instruct various mem$ers othe Party to /oin various religious aiths. or while it is 1uite impossi$le or a Christian to $e a

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Communist0 there is no inconsistency whatever in a Communist%s proessing Christianity toaid the triumph o Communism 8s +hrushchev said to the 'rench (ocialists2 3(ome o ourcomrades are atheists in the Party and $elievers at home3 "ne Communist0 then0 may $einstructed to /oin the Catholic Church <e is told to $e $apti#ed0 to $elieve everything he hasto $elieve0 to $e the very inest Catholic imagina$le and to secure inluence in Catholic

organi#ations <e will then have opportunity to inluence Catholic organi#ations in a programwhich may appear to $e completely unrelated to Communism $ut which may $e important totheir dialectical advance (imilarly0 Communists are told to /oin various Protestant churches8gain they are to $e ervently Protestant0 orthodox to the core0 ardent in spirit0 and industriousin the program o that church 8t the appropriate time0 they too will $e a$le to inluencevarious church mem$ers and organi#ations or the Communist cause (ince to theCommunists none o these religious systems has any ultimate validity0 $ut all o themconstitute social orces which exist at present0 there is nothing inconsistent in an atheisticCommunist%s $eing an apparently ervent religionist in the interests o the inal Communisto$/ective

8n 8ustralian *piscopal delegation to Communist China ound well-illed churches0 andheard good sermons rom apparently well-paid and contented preachers Many reported thatChristianity was lourishing in China This report given $y anti-Communists who wereunaware o the Communist dialectic greatly helped the Communist cause The Communist

program or the church is three-old2 to enslave0 to utili#e0 and inally to destroy Themem$ers o the delegation o$served the phase o utili#ation The initial stage o enslavementwas $rought a$out $y extreme persecution ;enuine church leaders who were devoted toChrist were arrested0 $rainwashed0 tried0 and destroyed The church $uildings $ecame halls inwhich accusation meetings were held rather than houses or the worship o ;od 6hen thechurch was thoroughly cowed and leaderless0 a dialectical reverse too) place and the

persecution suddenly ceased The Communists united all the non-Catholic churches into one

organi#ation which they called the Three (el Movement They appointed a pro-Communistleader to ormulate the policy o this organi#ation. they appointed a Communist Commissar oReligion. and they paid the salaries o the preachers Communist pressure was exerted to orceeveryone registered as a Christian to attend church The preachers were o$liged to meet twicea wee) with the godless Commissar o Religion to get the political line that they must

proclaim on the ollowing (unday "ne o the goals o the Three (el Movement is theli$eration o 'ormosa 8 certain (unday could $e designated 3Li$erate 'ormosa (unday3 The

preachers0 meeting with the political commissar would $e given stories o the dreadul8merican persecution o their Chinese $rethren in 'ormosa They hear the tear-drenched

pleas o the 'ormosan people or their Chinese Communist $rethren to come and li$eratethem They are instructed to pass on this inormation to their congregations0 and to oer

prayers or the li$eration o 'ormosa The preachers have no way o )nowing that thesestories are not true They live in a closed environment 8ll media o inormation are controlled

$y the Communist Party Provided they o$ey instructions and ollow the right political line0they may preach what they li)e isitors to China0 thereore0 see illed churches hear goodsermons $y preachers who are well-paid and who are certainly not going to tell them anythingthat might $ring $ac) the previous period o persecution I they are uninormed and unawareo the su$tleties o the Communist dialectic0 they will report that Christianity is lourishing inChina

The dialectic gives the Communists complete moral maneuvera$ility They may wear anygarments They may accept any aith They may wor) to advance the sel-interest o any

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nationalist or economic grouping Their strategic mo$ility is eective indeed Christians are prevented rom ollowing many courses o action $y certain a$solute standards 8 Christianmay not0 or example0 accept the Muslim aith0 rise in the Moslem ran)s0 and then use his

position to su$vert Moslem customs and introduce Christianity The Communists0 however0have no a$solutes Their dialectical relativity gives them a total strategic mo$ility They may

adopt the coloring0 the shape0 the ideology0 the morality0 or the religious aith o any groupThey $ecome all things to all men that $y all means they may enslave all

#. Conlict

The third eature o the dialectic is the role o conlict in the process o change 8ccording tothe dialectic0 the driving orce in any situation is the conlict o two opposing orces There isthe esta$lished orce called the thesis and there is the conlicting orce called the antithesisThe conlict $etween these two orces is the dynamic o progress

In dialectic language0 everything is interpenetrated $y its opposite !othing exists in isolation4ou cannot have up without down. you cannot have plus without minus. you cannot have

$eauty without ugliness. you cannot have lie without death To every action there is an e1ual $ut opposite reaction *verything exists in a state o conlict with its opposite This conlict isthe dynamic o $eing

Initially this conlict gives a period o slow0 relatively sta$le progress0 a period o gradualchange This slow change never continues indeinitely 8s change continues0 a critical point isreached 8t this point0 certain things happen (low0 gradual change gives way to rapid0undamental change In dialectical terminology0 the antithesis negates the thesis. there is atransormation o 1uantity into 1uality and the emergence o a totally new direction o

progress )nown as the synthesis The synthesis now $ecomes the new thesis The new thesisgenerates a new antithesis0 and the new conlict $etween thesis and antithesis $ecomes the

dynamic o the next stage o progress 8gain a critical nodal point is reached The newantithesis negates the new thesis and there is another transormation o 1uantity into 1ualityThis is termed the !egation o the !egation and results in the emergence o a direction o

progress parallel to the original one0 $ut dierent in 1uantity and 1uality

The Communists $elieve that this dialectical conlict or contradiction is universal in $eingMao Tse-tung writes in the introduction to his text$oo) on dialectics entitled "nContradiction2 3The law o contradiction in things0 that is0 the law o the unity o opposites0 isthe most $asic law in materialist dialectics3F?G Lenin said0 3In its proper meaning0 dialecticsis the study o the contradiction within the very essence o things3F@G

The dialectic is very valua$le to the Communists It can $e used to express in pseudo-logical

orm a conclusion empirically reached It is a very valua$le tool or deceiving the intellectualsand clothing with a pseudo-logic the edicts o the top Communist authority

It was rom the dialectic that Marx derived the doctrine o the inevita$ility o revolution as theclimax o the class war (urveying Capitalist society he said that the dynamic o Capitalismwas a perect illustration o the dialectic 6ithin Capitalism there are two conlicting orces2the $ourgeoisie0 consisting o the Capitalists who own the means o production0 and the

proletariat consisting o the wor)ers in industry who la$or or wages &etween these twoorces there is a state o a$solute0 truceless conlict The owners o the means o productionwant proit0 while those who wor) or them want higher wages I wages go up0 proits comedown Thus there is a undamental conlict $etween these two groups0 which Marx called the

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Class 6ar 8ccording to the dialectic0 this state o conlict $etween Capital and La$or gives a period o slow0 gradual change0 $ut0 inevita$ly0 a critical point is reached 8t this point0 theslow0 gradual nature o change disappears It $ecomes rapid and violent Revolution $rea)sout Capitalist society is negated There is a transormation o 1uantity into 1uality and theemergence o a new synthesis called (ocialism

The Communists are proudly revolutionary in theory and practice The term 3reormist3 is tothem a synonym or one who is ignorant o0 and treacherous to0 historic reality 8 reormist isso ignorant that he $elieves that undamental changes in society can come a$out $y slow0gradual means The Communists are convinced that this cannot $e0 or they $elieve thathistory and nature declare that change must $e wrought $y revolution To the Communists0 therevolution is the golden experience o the uture towards which they loo) with longing 8s the

$ride loo)s orward to the day o her adorning0 as the expectant mother loo)s orward to theday o her deliverance0 so0 with lashing eye and $ated $reath0 with leaping pulse and exultantheart0 the true Communist loo)s orward to the coming0 glorious day o the revolution

Communist $elie in the inevita$ility o revolution is derived rom the dialectic Unless we

understand the dialectic0 we will $e deceived on every hand Unless we understand thedialectic0 we cannot intelligently counter-act Communism 6hen we do understand it0 we arein a position to anticipate their actions and to ta)e deense against them

The most serious accusation that can $e made against a Communists theorist is that he doesnot understand dialectics 6ith this accusation (talin helped to destroy &u)harin In Russia in,E7A-7E there developed what (talin termed the 3Right Deviation3 led $y &u)harin &u)harinwas a $rilliant Communist intellectual &eore the revolution0 he had $een a theoristcompara$le with Lenin himsel 8ter the revolution0 he occupied many important postsculminating in the leadership o the Communist International )nown as the Comintern <ewas the author o the 8&C o Communism and most authorities agree that he was the

principal ramer o 3The (talinist Constitution3 <is prestige and popularity amongCommunists were tremendous It was thought $y most people that he would emerge supremein the struggle or power in ,E7A-7E 6hen the climax o the struggle was reached0 however0it was (talin who had the votes 'inally &u)harin received the reward (talin gave to most ohis old comrades-a $ullet in the $ac) o the head

(talin had to ind some /ustiication or the ideological destruction o &u)/arin In the peculiarashion o Communist theoretical de$ate0 some 1uotation had to $e ound in the wor)s orMarx0 *ngels0 or Lenin that could $e used against &u)harin (talin ound his /ustiication in astatement $y Lenin (talin writes2

Reerence is made to a letter in which Comrade Lenin spea)s o &u)harin as a theoretician

Let us read the letter

3" the younger mem$ers o the Central Committee03 says Lenin0 3I should li)e to say a ewwords a$out &u)harin and Pyata)ov In my opinion0 they are the most outstanding people Fothe youngest orcesG0 and regarding them the ollowing should $e $orne in mind2 &u)harin isnot only a very valua$le and important theoretician in our Party0 he is also legitimatelyregarded as the avourite o the whole Party. %ut it is ver! dou%tul whether his theoreti"al

views "an %e "lassed as ull! #ar*ian, or there is something s"holasti" in him +he has never

studied, and, $ thin' he has never ull! understood diale"ti"sG3

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Thus0 he is a theoretician without dialectics 8 scholastic theoretician 8 theoretician a$outwhom is was said2 3It is very dou$tul whether his theoretical views can $e classed as ullyMarxian3 This is how Lenin charateri#ed &u)harin%s theoretical complexion

4ou can well understand0 comrades0 that such a theoretician has still much to learn 8nd0 i

&u)harin understood that he is not yet a ull-ledged theoretician0 that he still has much tolearn0 that he is a theoretician who has not yet assimilated dialectics-and dialectics is the soulo MarxismFG

Upon this statement o Lenin0 (talin $ased his condemnation o &u)harin (ince &u)harin didnot understand dialectics0 he was second rate and could saely $e destroyed

The proo that &u)harin was not dialectical was to $e ound0 according to (talin0 in hisattitude towards the (tate Communist theory taught that in the esta$lishment o Communism0certain steps were necessary 8 revolutionary situation had to $e created0 a violent revolutionhad to ta)e place0 and the $ourgeois state had to $e destroyed The Communists had then to

esta$lish the dictatorship o the proletariat and to eliminate the residue o the $ourgeoisie6hen they had eliminated all possi$le counter-revolutionary elements o the old regime0 thedictatorship could $ecome less rigid and more $enign0 and $egin to wither away 6ith thechange o human nature0 the dictatorship would $ecome unnecessary and (ocialism wouldturn into Communism

&u)harin wanted to )now why events in Russia were not ollowing this pattern <e contendedthat in the eleven years since the revolution0 they had consolidated their power0 that they hadli1uidated all remaining mem$ers o the $ourgeoisie0 and that it was time that the powers othe dictatorship $ecame a little less centrali#ed and showed some signs o $eginning to wither

(talin sei#ed upon these views o &u)harin%s as proo that Lenin had $een right0 that &u)harin

was a scholastic who did not understand dialectics &u)harin thought that the (tate was notwithering away $ecause it was growing stronger whereas0 according to (talin0 the act that the(tate was growing stronger was the dialectical proo that it was withering away Contradictionis the core o dialectics and dialectics is the heart o Marxism 6hen a $a$y is $orn0 itimmediately $egins to wither0 $ut the process o withering demands growth to maximumstrength The growth in strength o the Communist dictatorship was dialectical proo that iswas 3withering away3

Communist theory contains some strange dialectical anomalies It teaches that Capitalismmust change into (ocialism $y a 3revolutionary3 or dialectical process (ocialism will thenevolve into Communism $y a slow0 non-violent0 non-dialectical development I have as)ednumerous Communist theorists the ollowing 1uestion2 3I Capitalism MU(T change into(ocialism $y dialectical process0 why MU(T (ocialism turn into Communism $y a non-dialectical process93 I have always $een reerred to some comrade o higher theoretical statueI am still see)ing the Communist theorist who can provide the answer

The diicult0 devious0 and dangerous dialectic $ecame the tool with which (talin /ustiied themurder o millions Unless we understand it0 it is pro$a$le that it may $e used historically to

/ustiy the demise o all ree peoples

, Mao-Tse-tung0 "n Contradiction FPe)ing2 'oreign Languages Press0 ,E@G0 p,

7 Liu (hao-chi0 <ow to $e a ;ood Communist0 p >A

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> +arl Marx and 'rederic) *ngels0 Maniesto o the Communist Party FMoscow2 'oreignLanguages Pu$lishing <ouse0 ,E@HG0 pp HE-AB

? Mao Tse-tung0 "n Contradiction0 p ,

@ Lenin0 <istory o the Communist Party o the (oviet Union F&G0 (hort Course0 *nglish *d

FMoscow2 ,E@BG0 p ,>> :oseph (talin0 Pro$lems o Leninism FMoscow2 'oreign Languages Pu$lishing <ouse0,E@>G0 pp >?7->

11 rogram For Suria#

It is apparent that on the record to date0 anti-Communist programs have completely ailed tohalt Communism The Communists are riding high Their program is in top gear They aregoing rom strength to strength

Many groups thin) that they are successully ighting Communism0 $ut the record does notsupport their opinion 6hen giving evidence $eore the <ouse Un-8merican 8ctivities

Committee in ,E@0 I was as)ed i I could name any uniied0 world-wide organi#ation whichwas successully ighting Communism I replied that I could not do so The reply has drawnmore criticism than any other statement I made in that testimony 8 num$er o groups havewritten in to rectiy my ignorance on that point0 and to tell me a$out their own organi#ationwhich is successully com$atting Communism !o matter what the group0 the measure otheir success is limited indeed The Communist program or world con1uest continues toma)e phenomenal gains

The act is that progress is a relative thing Many anti-Communist groups are moving in theright direction0 $ut their progress up to the present time has $een rather insu$stantial Thedegree o their success is somewhat similar to that o the missionary priest who had $een

wor)ing on a canni$al island 6hen as)ed what sort o success he was having0 he replied036ell0 we are certainly ma)ing progress5 !ow the natives will eat only ishermen on 'ridays3<e was0 perhaps0 ma)ing progress0 $ut it must $e admitted that he had a long way to go

'or any program to $e eective0 there are three essential elements0 namely0 motivation0)nowledge0 and organi#ation 6ithout ade1uate motivation0 )nowledge0 and organi#ation0 any

program must ail

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Motivation

I people are to perorm unpleasant tas)s sacriicially and on a continuing $asis0 they musthave a reason or doing so 8n eective program against Communism demands time0 money0energy and sacriice The irst 1uestion to $e considered is what motivating orces are

availa$le 6hat are the things which move people to action9It is regretta$ly true that most people are moved most eectively $y immediate0 selishinterest In most cases0 sel-interest dominates all other considerations I a patriot wishes toarrange or an anti-Communist spea)er to address a civic clu$ or some corresponding group0there are two approaches which he may use <e may approach the program chairman witharguments such as these2 3This man has a message your clu$ should hear0 a message which isvital to their $usinesses0 to their homes0 to their amilies0 and to their very lives It is your dutyto have him $ring them this message3 (uch an approach is li)ely to meet with little success"n the other hand0 he may approach the program chairman and say0 3<ere is a good0entertaining0 stirring spea)er 6herever he has spo)en $eore0 he has had a wonderulreception <e will really give you a good program3 8n approach li)e that is nearly alwayssuccessul $ecause it appeals to the sel-interest o the program chairman <e wants to have

people come up and pat him on the $ac) or securing a good spea)er

This is true not only o civic clu$s0 $ut o all groups Churches0 or example0 have their own program and they are mainly concerned with the success o that program 4ou may approach a pastor with the argument that here is a message which is a$solutely vital to his people 4oumay point out to him that Communism has con1uered one $illion people0 or a more than theChristian church has reached ater its entire history. that Communism is rapidly closing themission ields o the world. that Communism is the enemy o ;od0 and that these thingsshould $e told to the people (uch an approach is not usually successul 4ou may0 on theother hand0 point out to the pastor that here is a man whom people li)e to hear and that i he

holds a metting in this church0 he will attract into the church many people who do notnormally attend This is a very powerul argument and one which is apt to $e successul

Motivating orces must $e ound which are so powerul that they can overwhelm the lethargy0the immediate sel-interest0 the greed0 and the routine that dominate so many lives Lie is adaily competition $etween conlicting interests or most intelligent and eective individualsThey must select rom a host o matters clamoring or their attention those which appear to $ethe most urgent0 the most entertaining0 or which oer the greatest prospect o reward Thestruggle against Communism must successully compete with other matters clamoring orattention

It would seem that a suicient motivation would $e ound in the act that a $illion people

under Communist control are $eing prepared to encompass the con1uest and destruction othe 'ree 6orld The truth is0 however0 that generally spea)ing0 an immediate motive oappetite or personal advantage will triumph over the long-range0 distant motivation o dangerTo most people0 Communism is still a long way o It is causing a lot o trou$le in many partso the world0 $ut it does not present0 as ar as they can see0 a real0 immediate threat tothemselves or to their amilies

8 primary necessity0 then0 is an honest ac)nowledgment o the gravity o the danger Theremust $e a willingness to ace the truth0 avoiding the temptation to gloss over the dangers0 or tota)e reuge in vain imaginations and pious phraseologies The Communist enemy must not $e

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sold short !othing is to $e gained $y a denial o his material assets0 his strategic mo$ility andhis inlexi$le determination to con1uer

There is certainly the danger that a true understanding o the perilous situation may lead someto the a$yss o despair The temptation is to shrug the shoulders and to declare that the tas) ishopeless 8n alternative attitude is to search or some vast organi#ation that can meet thedanger Responsi$ility is laid at the door o the government0 the (tate Department0 the militaryorces0 or the churches It is a rare individual who as)s0 36hat can I do to avert disaster93

Two students came up to me ater I had spo)en at a college in the Middle 6est "ne o themwas $urning with anger 3<ow is it possi$le that our elected oicials can $e so ignorant93 hewanted to )now 3It%s their nec)s that are a sta)e5 6hy don%t they do something93 Iendeavored to redirect his attention rom what the government should $e doing to what heshould $e doing0 $ut in vain <e was too illed with concern and anger against the governmentor its ailure

The second student reacted very dierently (aid he0 3Let%s orget a$out the government andloo) at ourselves5 I eel ashamed to thin) o the little I have done I don%t )now /ust what I cando0 $ut I am going to try to ind out I want to read and study and discover what I can do

$eore I start worrying too much a$out some$ody else3 This is the )ind o attitude that isneeded *ach person must ace his personal responsi$ility $eore he starts to critici#e others

6hen aced with this challenge0 the average person raises the o$/ection that the power o theindividual is very limited 'rom one point o view0 that is true. $ut rom another point o view0what can $e accomplished $y individuals is un$elieva$le Most o my time is spent trying toinorm people and to arouse them to the Communist threat <owever0 even i I were to spea)to a thousand people every night and could convince the thousand0 it would ta)e me ivehundred years to spea) to every$ody now living in the United (tates0 and I would go $ehindat the rate o two and a hal million a year due to the continuing population increase I0 on the

other hand0 I were to spea) to one person a wee) and could convince0 inorm and instruct that person0 and i we each convinced0 inormed and instructed another person the ollowing wee)0and the our o us enlisted another the ollowing wee)0 $y this process everyone in the worldcould $e reached in less than twelve months

The power o individuals is limitless The time has come or people to cease loo)ing or greatorgani#ations aar o0 and to $egin loo)ing or things that can $e done close at home *veryman who invites a riend into his home0 gives him literature to read and inorms him o thedanger0 is helping to thwart the Communist program The powers o multiplication arelimitless The principle on which to wor) is the recruitment o individuals one $y one on a

$asis o )nowledge0 understanding0 and motivated service

8 stirring address at a mass meeting may stimulate the emotions and provo)e greatenthusiasm (uch a response is li)e a tropical thunderstorm that creates a lash lood ratherthan the consistent soa)ing the thirsty soil needs The pro$lem is to convert temporaryemotional enthusiasm into sacriicial study and dedicated wor) This is a diicult tas) andone that cannot $e done on a mass $asis

8 short time ago0 I spo)e to the legislature o one o the !ew *ngland states It was amagniicent meeting My coming had $een well prepared The governor escorted me into thecham$er The cham$er was pac)ed and the galleries were illed 8s I spo)e0 the legislatorslistened most attentively 6hen I had inished0 they arose as one man in ecstatic0 tumultuous0

prolonged applause The governor shoo) my hand The legislators crowded around "ne o

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them said0 with the spar)le o a tear in his eye0 3That was an emotional experience I sueredwith you3 It was truly a great meeting

That same evening0 ater a mass rally in a near$y city where I had spo)en0 the 8ttorney-;eneral o the state came up to me and said0 3I was dying to have you tell the people that thismorning the legislature was shattered to it oundations0 and that this aternoon0 they went $ac)to the real $usiness o their existence2 whether to have greyhound or horse racing in thisstate3

Many ind it appalling that a situation o such gravity should $e treated so casually 8nd yetthis happens with ninety-nine out o every hundred who hear the message This is the realitywithin which we must wor) People will never $e enlisted on a mass $asis They must $eenlisted and trained one $y one I that is done0 the powers o multiplication are miraculous

The 1uestion o motivation is o $asic importance in the struggle against Communism It isnot only a 1uestioning o the orces that will motivate people in the United (tates0 $ut a1uestion o the orces that will move people in (outh 8merica0 :apan0 8ra$ia0 and India 6hatmotives are ade1uate to ma)e the people in these areas stand irm against the deceptionallurements o Communism9 Despite its vital importance0 this 1uestion o motivation hasreceived very little attention

I had occasion to address the Texas Legislature0 and received the warm response socharacteristic o the generous people o that state 8ter the address0 one o the legislatorscame up to me and said0 3India%s the trou$le5 6e must stop them rom getting India53 <ethought or a moment0 and suddenly the answer came It was the legislator%s answer to all

pro$lems (aid he0 3I%ve got it5 6e must spend a lot more money53

3Let%s thin) a$out that a moment03 I replied 34ou spent a lot o money in Ira1 and &olivia0didn%t you9 6hat did your money achieve in these countries9 In Ira10 it provided the weapons

with which the pro-Communists destroyed their enemies In &olivia0 the 8merican em$assy personnel had to lee in shame rom raging0 Communist-led mo$s 4our money does not seemto have done much good there0 does it93

8ll the money in the world is useless without dedicated personnel through whom it can $echannelled The great need is or dedicated0 motivated personnel

There are various motivations eective within a ree society 8 primary one is the proitmotive In its proper environment0 this has $een very eective It has produced a$undance0and has improved the material well-$eing o millions o people There are certain spheres0however0 in which it is 1uite inade1uate as a motivation orce It certainly will not stir toselless devotion the student intellectuals who are attracted to Communism The appeal to

them must $e much more idealisticThe pro$lem o the Communist appeal to the student intellectual is one which money alonecannot solve It is 1uite o$vious that should a student rise in a university in Central or (outh8merica and say0 3I%m opposed to Communism $ecause it is against the interests o 8merican

$ig $usiness03 or even0 3I%m against Communism $ecause it will prevent my ma)ing a personal ortune03 he would $e scorned $y a ma/ority o his ellows Reasons given oropposing Communism must $e meaningul to the people concerned People are needed whowill oppose Communism in terms o an ideology that will command respect rom the otherstudents to whom they are spea)ing

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(uch ideological orces are numerous 'orces that operate widely are religion0 nationalism0morality0 and love o amily0 as well as the desire to improve general economic well-$eing

The great paradox is that people with a rich spiritual culture appear unaware o the motivatingstrength o spiritual orces and overwhelmingly convinced o the dominant power o thematerialist motivation o improvement in economic conditions "n the other hand0 theCommunists $oast o $eing complete materialists They airm there is nothing in the entireworld $ut matter in motion !evertheless0 they have shown a deep appreciation o themultiplicity o orces that lead groups o people to action0 and have used these orces withgreat s)ill The appeal o economic $etterment has $een $y no means the only motive utili#ed

$y Communism In actuality0 they have made ar more eective use o the appeal onationalism

The strange situation has developed in which the materialistic Communists are con1uering theworld with idealistic promises0 while the proessedly idealistic 'ree 6orld is endeavoring tocom$at them with material gits 8n idea widely accepted $y leading 8mericans is thatCommunism will not appeal to people with a degree o economic security The policy adopted

to com$at Communism0 thereore0 is to improve the economic conditions o those who arestill outside the Communist old

8 program to com$at Communism that rests upon such an economic oundation0 is doomedTo eed the hungry and the poor is a Christian act To assume that as a result o $eing ed0clothed0 and housed they will automatically thin) the right thoughts and eel the rightemotions is Marxism0 not Christianity 8 well-ed Communist is /ust as dangerous as a hungryone <e is li)ely to $e more eicient

There are things more important to many people even than lie itsel The devout <indu willeed his sacred cow while he starves to death The devout Moslem will willingly die orIslam There was a day when it was considered the normal thing or Christians to die or their

aith Powerul motivations indeed reside in religious aith

Communism is the mortal enemy o these idealistic orces It is the enemy o all religion Itwill destroy the national integrity o every country It will inally a$olish home0 amily0 and allmoral codes <ere is a great unexplored pool o motivating orces or the struggle againstCommunism

6hat must $e reali#ed is that government as practiced in 8merica has little access to thesedeep motivating orces Constitutional government is limited government There is strictseparation o church and state The government cannot directly mo$ili#e a speciic religiousgroup in any land and utili#e its motivating religious sel-interest to thwart Communism Theywould appear to $e avoring one religious group as against another Thus the role o the

government in the struggle against Communism is limited Individuals and groups oindividuals can and must do what the government cannot do The urgent need is to discoverindividuals and groups in all countries with motives that will lead them to eective serviceagainst Communism and to provide them with the )nowledge and the tools o communicationto ma)e their wor) eective

(tudents educated in the universities o the ree countries have $een among the most eectiveagents o Communism The Communists have always reali#ed the potential o such students0and have concentrated upon recruiting them0 training them0 and providing them with whatthey needed to serve Communism eectively in their own lands 'or a num$er o years0 it wasalmost routine or 8ustralian Rhodes scholars who went to *ngland to study0 to return to

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8ustralia as dedicated Communists 'ortunately this tendency has eased o in recent years0 $ut the Communist attempt to recruit the lonely oreign student continues0 and is all toore1uently crowned with success

8ter I had spo)en at a Midwestern university0 I was somewhat startled when an exchangestudent rom 8ghanistan pu$licly and unashamedly extolled the virtues o Communism <ismentor was an 8merican girl who sat $y his side <e inished with the ringing assertion23Communism is science 4ou said so yoursel The Communists say that any advance inscience helps them 4ou must thereore ac)nowledge Communism or repudiate science3

I replied0 38rson is ire I ac)nowledge it *veryone )nows it I must thereore ac)nowledgearson and $ecome an arsonist or repudiate ire to coo) my meals and heat my home Is thatwhat you are trying to say93

It is not enough to train students in technical science in 8merican universities They must $etransormed into devotees o reedom This can $e done as they are the recipients0 not only o)nowledge0 $ut o riendship and love The student in a oreign land is oten homesic) andheartsore The Communists provide not merely Marxist-Leninist ideology $ut also hospitality0companionship and social lie They ma)e this lonely student eel they are interested in him asan individual0 that he is important 6hen they have won him to Communism0 they e1uip himwith organi#ing s)ills and the necessary tools to serve Communism in his homeland

6e can and we must do li)ewise0 not or Communist slavery0 $ut or Christian li$erty Thiscan $e done 8n illustration is ound in the story o an exchange student rom India whom Imet in (eattle0 6ashington <e had /ust completed his degree as Doctor o Philosophy at theUniversity o 6ashington <e was a handsome young Indian0 a splendid student0 and devotedto the principles o individual li$erty <e was an evangelical Christian Upon completing hisdegree0 he was oered a /o$ with the United !ations <e could have lived li)e an 8mericangentleman0 $ut he chose to return to his home in +erala0 India

(hortly $eore his return0 +erala had $ecome the irst Indian state to elect a Communistgovernment It might have $een expected that +erala0 the $est educated and the mostChristian o the Indian states0 would have $een the last state to elect a Communist governmentto power The act is0 however0 that the ma/ority o the Christians voted Communist $ecauseo their ignorance o the true nature o Communism and the deceptive $ut glowingCommunist promises

<e understood the nature and program o Communism <e determined to do what he could toinorm his countrymen (ince the Communist government in +erala was merely a stategovernment which had to operate under the eye o the ederal government and within theramewor) o the Indian constitution0 the Christians still had their $asic li$erites The

Christian group to which he $elonged $egan to pu$lish a Christian maga#ine called The Lighto the 6orld <e and his helpers too) the inest anti-Communist literature0 translated it intothe language o the people and circulated it in the very ace o Communist terror Their $asicmotivation was their inormed Christian aith

(ome months later0 I received a letter saying2 3Do we really mean $usiness9 4ou and I )nowthat the con1uest o India is a step in the encirclement and surrender o 8merica TheCommunists are not con1uering India with guns0 $om$s0 and missiles0 $ut with promises0

photographs0 maga#ines and newspapers In +erala we have a uni1ue opportunity TheCommunists will have to run or re-election 6hen this time comes0 they can $e expelledwithout violence i the people can $e told the truth The tragedy is that we have not the means

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to tell the people the truth The Communists have many daily newspapers0 and large num$erso maga#ines Can you help us to get a daily newspaper dedicated to truth0 democracy0 andreedom and resting on a Christian oundation93 In reply to my 1uestion a$out costs0 he saidthat it would ta)e K@B0BBB

Raising such a sum o money posed something o a pro$lem I sought help rom one o thevery large oundations in !ew 4or) I had $een told that the mem$ers o this oundation wereinterested in India The oicials were courteous and riendly They listened with great interestto the program0 and commended it highly Then they said0 3Magniicent as the pro/ect is0much as we commend it0 we cannot help you $ecause you are Christian 6e cannot get mixedup in religion in India3

I tried to argue with them 3Can%t you see what you are doing9 4ou have told me yourselvesthat you have diiculty securing anyone to go to India representing your group unless youincrease his salary $y twenty-ive per cent 6hen that individual with his increased salary getsto India0 what does he do9 Does he go out into the villages where the temperature may $e ,7Bdegrees in the summer0 where the drin)ing water may $e illed with dysentery0 $acilli and

amoe$ae9 "r does he sit in an air-conditioned room at some hotel and write reports9

3*ach year the Communists appoint thousands o ull-time Communist agents0 primarilyrecruited rom students who are motivated0 dedicated0 and thoroughly indoctrinated withCommunism They e1uip them with $eautiul literature0 and send them round the villages todeceive the people $y oering them heaven on earth 6e do not have thousands0 $ut we dohave some hundreds who have a motive to sacriice in the ight against CommunismCommunism is the enemy o their ;od0 their Christ0 and their reedom &ecause o this0 theyare willing to go to their people and warn them o the dangers o Communism 4ou may notapprove o their motive0 $ut surely you approve what they are doing 4et you are saying0 %6ecannot help them $ecause they are Christian 6e cannot help them $ecause they have a

motive Ta)e away their motive so that they won%t do it0 and then may$e we can help them todo what they won%t do%3

Despite this discouraging response0 we determined to accept the challenge and help our IndianChristian riends in their struggle which is also our struggle The irst edition o this paper was

pu$lished in 8ugust0 ,E@E

(hortly $eore the pu$lication o this irst edition0 crisis hour arrived in +erala TheCommunist government o +erala was expelled $y the central government0 and elections werescheduled to ta)e place within six months The newly $orn newspaper was thus aced withtremendous responsi$ility and opportunity This came a$out $ecause a group possessed omotivation and )nowledge received the material aid needed to $e eective 6ithin a ree

society0 motivations are multiple and may even appear contradictory They must $e utili#edand not destroyed

My personal motivation is twoold In the irst place I have a wie and amily whom I lovevery dearly The Communists consider them diseased social animals 8t present rates o

progress0 Communism will have con1uered the world within a generation0 and0 as mem$ers othe residual diseased $ourgeois class0 my wie and amily will $ecome historically redundantwith o$vious ugly implications

In the second place0 I have a Christian aith I $elieve in ;od and <is love0 Christ and <isredemption0 and the great commission to go into all the world and preach the gospel

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Communism is the enemy o ;od and o Christ and <is gospel These two acts havemotivated me to do everything within my power to stay the advance o Communism

"thers share this motivation 8 $rilliant orthopedic surgeon was aced with the acts a$outCommunism <e said to me2 3I wa)e up every morning and I see one $illion people encirclingus or our con1uest and our destruction I don%t li)e it0 so I assume that it cannot $e so and tryto put it out o my mind I have $een trained to examine evidence and ace acts0 and theevidence )eeps returning to haunt me I examine it and I cannot escape it I then examine myown lie I loo) at my wie and children and I say0 %6hat am I doing to preserve their uture9%Certainly I am $uilding a good surgical practice0 ac1uiring a good name0 getting a good $an)

$alance0 $ut what will that matter i the Communists ta)e over9 The only thing that isimportant is stopping the Communists0 and I am not doing anything to do that I don%t )nowwhat to do $ut I intend to ind out and when I do ind out0 I don%t care what it costs &y ;od%sgrace0 I%ll do it3 <e is ready to leave home0 country0 and economic security to do his duty tohis home and country

I the acts a$out the Communist advance are true0 his attitude is not merely praiseworthy0 it is

perectly reasona$le and intelligent The trou$le is that most people simply do not $elievethese acts They thin) they do0 $ut actually they do not I they were convinced0 they would

$e prepared to pay any price and spend any amount o time and money to try and avert thethreat Until our actions match our proessed $elies0 onloo)ers can $e orgiven or denyingour sincerity and despising our hypocrisy

6nowle%ge

The inest motivation is impotent without ade1uate )nowledge 'or generations mothers havelonged to $e a$le to protect their children rom the scourge o poliomyelitis0 $ut they couldnot do it $ecause they did not )now how "nly out o )nowledge ac1uired rom continuingstudy has a program to com$at it emerged It is possi$le to hate Communism ervently andsimultaneously to serve it aithully and well Those who spread poliomyelitis hated it0 $utthat did not prevent their disseminating it They did not even )now they were spreading itThe same )ind o thing is happening with Communism It is $eing spread ar and wide $y

people who do not )now what they are doing

6hen people are ound who are motivated and concerned0 they must $e given )nowledge"ne way in which this may $e done is through literature The literature on the su$/ect oCommunism is extensive It must $e studied Invalua$le training can $e gained in studycircles where discussion aids in true understanding There is no su$stitute or speciic)nowledge

Communism should $e taught in the schools $ut it should $e taught with a moral directive Itshould not $e taught as an alternative economic philosophy $ut as a system o tyranny Theo$/ect o the teaching should $e to protect the students against the deceptive su$tleties oCommunist dialectics and to promote within them a greater devotion to reedom It should $etaught as a medical school teaches cancer or tu$erculosis-as an aid to its elimination

Teaching that merely compares and contrasts certain eatures o Capitalist and Communisteconomics is dangerous indeed In a ree society0 the students continuously en/oy the

privileges o reedom and it is diicult or them to conceive o a system where these valuesdo not prevail Isolated aspects o Communist economics assume a glittering luster when

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illuminated $y the radiance o the star o li$erty In the environment o Communist tyranny0they are tawdry and repulsive

+hrushchev told the 8merican people that in Russia they are on the verge o a$olishingincome tax 6ithin 8merican society that seems a highly desira$le goal To a$olish incometax under Communist tyranny is a sham and delusion The $ig 8merican corporations do notneed to tax their employees The Communist Party is the monopoly corporation that owns theentire Russian economy It ixes all wages and prices It can impose a one hundred per centsales tax without announcing it in any way

I students are taught that Communist economy can run without income tax and are not taughtthe tyrannical role o the Communist Party0 great damage is done 8t an early age0 eachstudent should $e taught that the issue is clear cut-reedom versus slavery They then should

$e taught the techni1ues $y which Communism see)s to deceive0 con1uer0 and enslave

Love without )nowledge is re1uently impotent I had $een spea)ing to a church group inCaliornia a$out the necessity or )nowledge 'ollowing the message0 the minister stood up togive a devotional0 apparently in the hope that he could counteract any $ad inluence I mighthave had The theme o his devotional was that love is the greatest orce in the world <e saidthat we are told to love all ;od%s children *very$ody is ;od%s child The Communists are;od%s children 6e should thereore love the Communists +hrushchev is ;od%s child 6eshould love +hrushchev

8ter the meeting we ell into conversation <e was apparently conscious that what he hadsaid might have appeared as a re$uttal o what I had stressed0 that is0 the need or )nowledge<e said that this had not $een his intention0 $ut that I had seemed to exalt )nowledge a$ovelove I told him that as ar as I was concerned0 he had not said anything0 or love cannotoperate without )nowledge I a mother spends all her time )issing her child and ails to haveit inoculated against polio0 has she shown love towards it9 (uppose you see an insane

hoodlum )ic)ing a little girl to death a hundred yards down the street &eore you can getthere0 the little girl will $e dead In your hand you have a gun <ow do you show love in asituation li)e that9

6hat is needed is not pious phraseology0 $ut a loving spirit and the )nowledge to apply it in agiven situation Love without )nowledge is $lind0 and )nowledge without love may lac)dynamic power 6e need a synthesis o love o )nowledge Then truth shall prevail

8ny program to com$at Communism must $e $ased on a thorough study o the Communistmind0 motives and techni1ues 6hen we understand these0 we can see clearly in the mur) othe Communist dialectic0 detect the tactic o the enemy and devise a program to a$ort his

plans

0rganiation

"rgani#ation is the genius o Communism Communism is the triumph o organi#ation overundirected economic and social orces It is a truism that organi#ation will prevail overdisorgani#ation 8n anti-Communism program needs organi#ation

8 commonly held view is that unity is the great need in this organi#ed anti-Communism program 8n argument such as the ollowing is assured o a tumultuous reception with almostany group o $usinessmen2 3Communism is the universal enemy It is the enemy o everysegment o a ree society It is the enemy o $oth Management and La$or It is the enemy o

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all religions. Protestant0 Catholic0 :ewish0 <indu and Moslem (ince it is the enemy o all ree political parties0 it is the common enemy o Repu$lican and Democrat (ince it is ouruniversal enemy0 it should cause us to su$merge our dierences and unitedly throw ourselvesinto the struggle against it3 (uch an argument will $e cheered to the echo yet it ignores theimportant 1uestion o motivation 6hen groups su$merge their dierences0 they re1uently

su$merge their motivating orces and the organi#ation so ormed is li)e an automo$ilewithout gasoline $ecause the dynamics o action reside in the su$merged dierences

(uppose0 or example0 a /oint Catholic-Protestant organi#ation is ormed The li$erty o theCatholic conscience necessitates reedom to propagate the doctrines o the aith The li$erty oconscience o an evangelical Protestant depends upon his reedom to preach the gospel oChrist I the Protestant gets into an organi#ation where he must rerain rom preaching thegospel0 and the Catholic in that organi#ation must rerain rom advancing Catholicism0 $othare em$arrassed0 and rendered so much less eective I0 however0 they are in dierentorgani#ations where the consciences o $oth are clear0 they can do ar more eective wor)

The Christian 8nti-Communism Crusade held a school or anti-Communists in the

educational $uilding o the Tower ;rove &aptist church in (t Louis0 Missouri The schoolwas attended $y a considera$le num$er o Catholics 8ter the school0 the Catholics were veryeager to orm a /oint Protestant-Catholic anti-Communist organi#ation I replied that0 shouldwe do so0 each would paraly#e the eectiveness o the other *ach group has a dominant

purpose The emotional attitudes o the mem$ers are tuned to the ulillment o that purposeUnless the message is in tune with that purpose0 it will not produce the maximum result"pposition to it may $e unconscious0 $ut it will $e real nevertheless I the message againstCommunism is tuned to the $asic purposes o the organi#ation0 it will rally the enthusiasticsupport o the group 6hen an organi#ation consists o elements with contradictory purposes0it is diicult to mo$ili#e the enthusiastic support o all elements May$e this should not $e so0in relation to such a universal enemy0 $ut as a practical issue0 it is so

I suggested that the Catholics orm a Catholic organi#ation so that they could spea) toCatholics without the em$arrassment o a Protestant leader Rather hesitantly0 they agreed0and ormed the Cardinal Minds#enty 'oundation This organi#ation is now doing a mosteective wor) and its leadership is now convinced o the wisdom o the course pursuedInstead o uniting0 Catholic spea)s to Catholic0 and Protestant spea)s to ProtestantInormation is shared :oint pro/ects may $e underta)en &ut organi#ational unity is notsought !either inringes his conscience *ach has the dynamic o his aith0 and can $e muchmore eective than i a united organi#ation had $een ormed

"rgani#ational unity is a mirage The great need is multiplicity0 not unity The unity o a reesociety resides in its diversity Movements must $e ormed with conserve the motivatingorces within each group and channel them into the struggle or reedom and survival TheCommunists understand this very well That is why they operate through a great num$er oront organi#ations0 each o which is tuned to some speciic motivating dynamic *veryreligious0 proessional0 economic0 and cultural group should organi#e an anti-Communist

program

There is always the temptation to try to orm a totalitarian organi#ation modelled onCommunism 8ter I had spo)en at a school in *ugene0 "regon0 I received a letter orm oneo the students which $egan0 3Dr (chwar#0 you hypocrite5 4ou came to us and you showed usthe power o Communist organi#ation0 their dedication0 their devotion0 and their discipline4ou told us how the Communist leader can sit and order every individual to do a certain tas)0

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and how the individual o$eys whatever the cost Then you start an organi#ation with amem$ership ee o K,B a year0 and lie mem$ership at K,BB <ow will you ever com$at themli)e that9 Let%s orm an organi#ation li)e that o the Communists where we have disciplineand authority and where people do what is necessary at whatever cost to themselves3

I replied that I appreciated the spirit o his letter I did not o$/ect to his calling me a hypocrite0or I oten elt that way mysel 4et I was araid that he did not ully understand the conlict

$etween totalitarian organi#ation and the Christian li$erty o conscience This li$erty oconscience itsel should direct the individual into unselish service to ulil his responsi$ilitytowards ;od and to the preservation o that li$erty or all men 8ny organi#ation that loutsthis principle is anti-li$ertarian and anti-Christian Discipline must $e largely sel-discipline.sacriice must $e voluntary0 not compulsory The mainspring o our organi#ation must $e romwithin the character o ree citi#ens

I cannot compel you to do anything in this struggle ;od <imsel renounced <is right tocompel It depends upon voluntary choice and ree will

6ho will win9 The Communists are supremely conident o complete victory They claim thattheir victory is assured $ecause o the 1uality o character in democratic lands They airmthat the environment generating this character is Capitalism in its dying phase (inceCapitalism is dying phase (ince Capitalism is dying0 it creates character without survivalvirtue They are convinced that the average citi#en o the 'ree 6orld is so intellectually la#yand dishonest0 so greedy and selish0 so intoxicated with entertainment0 so consumed with hisimmediate pro$lems that no matter how clear the evidence o impending doom0 that evidencewill never $e ac)nowledged0 and the organi#ational steps necessary or survival will never $eta)en

6e categorically re/ect this claim 6e are not the helpless victims o our environment0doomed to destruction The ault lies not in our environment $ut in ourselves The political0

/udicial0 educational and cultural organi#ations o a ree society can unction only when theindividual citi#ens have enlightened the minds and are dedicated to the oundations oreedom The $asic responsi$ility rests on each one The success o this $oo) can $e measured

$y the num$er o readers whose attention has $een redirected rom the responsi$ility o othersto their own responsi$ility. who are as)ing the 1uestion0 36hat can I do93 Upon such aoundation the political0 legislative and cultural programs necessary can $e $uilt

Material orces alone do not determine the destinies o men The resources o an ininite ;odcan change the $alance o material assets These resources are li$erated through prayer0 thesacriice0 and the intelligent organi#ation o people illed with the love o ;od

you can trust the communists (to be communists) fred c. schwarz

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