Yi-Ming Arthur Chen (陳宜民 ), M.D., Sc.D.Dean, Office of R & D

Institute of Microbiology and ImmunologyAIDS Prevention and Research Center

National Yang-Ming University

Molecular Epidemiology of HIV and HCV Infection in Taiwan and the Development of Most Sensitive Diagnostic Methods to

Detect SARS Corona Virus and H1N1 Viruses

Total: 33.4 million (31.1 – 35.8 million)

Western & Central Europe

850 000850 000[710 000 – 970 000][710 000 – 970 000]

Middle East & North Africa

310 000310 000[250 000 – 380 000][250 000 – 380 000]Sub-Saharan Africa

22.4 million22.4 million[20.8 – 24.1 million][20.8 – 24.1 million]

Eastern Europe & Central Asia

1.5 million 1.5 million [1.4 – 1.7 million][1.4 – 1.7 million]

South & South-East Asia

3.8 million3.8 million[3.4 – 4.3 million][3.4 – 4.3 million]Oceania

59 00059 000[51 000 – 68 000][51 000 – 68 000]

North America1.4 million

[1.2 – 1.6 million]

Latin America2.0 million2.0 million

[1.8 – 2.2 million][1.8 – 2.2 million]

East Asia850 000850 000

[700 000 – 1.0 million][700 000 – 1.0 million]Caribbean240 000

[220 000 – 260 000]

Adults and children estimated to be living with HIV, 2008

Figure. Classification of human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV). HIV-1recombinants are categorized into two class: circulating recombinant forms (CRFs) and unique recombinant forms (URFs).

Takebe et al, Pediatr Int 2004

HIV-1 diversity in the worldwide epidemic.

聯合報 2005年一月

台灣愛滋病毒感染者報告病例數依危險因子分析

注射藥癮者癮者

男同志及男雙性戀者 異性戀者

Chen et al, Lancet, 369: 623-625, 2007.

BC亞型基因重組病毒株（ CRF07_BC）傳到台灣來的可能路徑

Chen and Kuo, Lancet 2007.

Molecular Epidemiology of HIV-1 Infection and Full-Length Genomic Analysis of Circulating Recombinant Form 07_BC

Strains from Injection Drug Users in Taiwan

Lin et al. JID 2007;195:1283-1293.

Phylogenetic analysis ofHIV-1 strains in Taiwanese IDUs.J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2010;53:425–439

Sharing dissolved heroine solution is a neglected risk factor associated with HIV-1 infectionJ Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2010;53:425–439

Genotype Assigned subtypes

1 a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m

2 a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, k, l, m

3 a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, k

4 a, c, d, e, f, g, h, k, l, m, n, o, p, q, r, s, t

5 a

6 a, b, d, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o, p, q

HCV SEQUENCE DATA BASE

Genotypes 1~6 (30% variation), many subtypes (20% variation)

Hepatitis C Virus

Subjects Selected all IDU samples which were infected with CRF07_BC

before 2003 and random sampling CRF07_BC cases which was infected in 2004,2005 classified by northern, central, southern Taiwan each 50.

Selected all samples infected with HIV-1 B type and CRF01_AE

Northern Taiwan(Taipei prison,

Tucheng detentioncenter)

Central Taiwan（ Taichung, Nantou detention center,

Yunlin 2nd prison）

South Taiwan（ Tainan detention

center）

B type CRF01_AE Total

n=50 n=50 n=50 n=20 n=10 n=180

CRF_07BC

J Formosa Med Asso, in press, 2010.

HCV genotyping using multiplex RT-PCR assay with specific primers

Phylogenetic analyses of three HCV subtype 6w strains using maximum likelihood

Diversity plot of the HCV RF_2b6w strain

Summary of the Molecular Epi Studies The Taiwanese CRF07_BC strains had 97% full-length

sequence homology with the prototype from mainland China. CRF07_BC was first introduced into the southern region in 2002 and then spread to other regions in Taiwan in 2004.

With HIV-1 CRF07_BC disseminating in Taiwan IDUs, there were new HCV subtypes emerging in Taiwan, eg., 6w.

About 13% of HIV-1-infected IDUs had mixed HCV infection and multiplex RT-PCR with specific primers method is suitable for the detection of such mixed HCV infection.

Localized Surface Plasmon Coupled Fluorescence Fiber-optic Biosensor and It’s Biomedical Applications (LSPCF-FOB)

表面電漿共振原理 :藉由雷射激發金膜，而促使金膜產生表面電漿波，當 coating在上面的 antibody 有 binding 上 antigen protein時，其共振角會改變而 detector就偵測反射角的變化來判斷是否有 protein被抓住。

Successfully detected at concentrationsas low as 12.5 - 25ng/ml in PBS.

Successfully detected at concentrationsas low as 0.78 – 1.56 ng/ml in diluted

Conventional antigen capture ELISA

Successfully detected at concentrationsas low as 0.1pg/ml in PBS.

Successfully detected at concentrationsas low as 0.1pg/ml in diluted serum.

GST-N protein test in LSPCF fiber-optic biosensor

Acknowledgements

National Yang-Ming University:Prof. Chen’s Lab: Jer-Yuan Shiu ， Shwu-Jen Tzeng ， Kuan-

Hsuan Chen ， Hsiao-Han Liu ， Cheng-Ming Lee ， Chia-Yen Chen ， Jung-Hsien Hung， Chia-Hung Yen ， Pei-Chun Chuang ， Ying-Shiuan Li ， Yi-Jen Liao ， Ching-Ping Yang, Shih-Ping Liu, Shih-Yin Chen, Yu-Chuen Huang, Yu-Ching Lan

Inst. of Env. and Occu. Health Sci.:  Tsung-Yun Liu  

Department of Life Sci : Ting-Fen Tsai ， Fen-Hwa Wong

Inst. of Micro. and Immuno.: Chi-Hung Lin

Inst. of Biophotonic: Fu-Jen Kao

Inst. of Biochem. and Mol. Biol.: Yan-Hwa Wu Lee

Academia Sinica: Ying-Hue Lee, Michael Hsiao, Chen Chang, Lee- Young Chau

Chung-Hsing University: En-Pei Chiang

Chang-Gung University: Ling-Ling Hsieh

NHRI: Shiu-Feng Huang

Taipei VGH: Anna Fen-Yau Li ，Teh-Ying Chou, Wing-Wai Wong

Taiwan CDCJyh-Yuan Yang, Steve Kuo

Supported by NYMU, NSC, DOH and MOE

Thank you for your attention

and welcome to Taiwan