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1) Hadumod Busmann Rontledge Dictionary of Language
and Linguistics translated and edited by Gregory Trauth and Kerstin Kazzazi (London: Routledge 1996 p 284)
2) John Lyons Language and Lingusties: An Introduction (Cambridge: Cambridge university Press
1981 p 34) 3 -
19964 4)See Lyons 1981:355)Lyons 1981:35
6)R.H. Robins General Linguisties: An Introductory Survey 2nd edn (Lengman 1978) p.181.
7)E.A. Nida Morphology 2nd edn (Michigan: The university of Michigan press 1962)p.1. 8)Lyons 1981:100.
9)See Busman 1996:423 10)John Lyons Linguistic Semantics :An Introduction
(Cambridge :Cambridge university press1995)p.xii 11)Geoffrey Leech principles of pragmatics (New york
Longman 1985)p.x. 12)John Lyons semantics (Cambridge: Cambridge
university press 1977).1:115. 13)Lyons 1977:1:114.
30
14)S.C. Levinson pragmaties(Cambridge :university press1983)p.5.
15)Mohamed M. yunis Ali Medieval Islamic pragmatics Sunni le gal the or ists models of tex tual colonization
(London: Curzon press 2000) p.9. 16)M.Gawron and Stanley peters Anaphora and
Quantification in situation semantics (Stanford: csl1990) 17)See Bussmann 1996:374
18)Leech 1983:xi 19)Lyons 1981:267
20)Busman .1996;439 21)Lyons 1981:267 22)Lyons 1981:268
23)See McLeish 1993:606-7. 24)See Busman 1996:390.
25)Lyons 1981:295-296.. 26)Lyons 1981:295-7
27)See McLeish 1993:718 27) See Mcleish 1993: 718.
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14- Slobin op . cit. pp 116- 117. 15- Ronald w. Langacker Language and its structure san Diego; Harcourt Brace Jovanovich Publishers Second Edition 1973 p. 36.
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11. P.Brown and S.Levinson “universals in Language politeness phenomena “. In E.Goody(ed.)Questions and Politeness in social Interaction Cambridge: Cambridge university Press. 1978-311.
12. J.House and G.Casper،”polite murkers in English and German “، in F.Coulmas(ed.) conversational Routine:
Explorations in Standardized communication situations and prepatterned speech، The Hague: mouton 1981،pp.157-185. See
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Language a cquision device
universals of Languageuniversals of
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IndependentInterdependent
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