xhtml 2 and html 5

8/13/2019 XHTML 2 and HTML 5

1/8

W3C Working Groups: XHTML 2 and HTML 5

Overview of XHTML 2:

XHTML 2.0 is a markup language developed for rich and portable web-based applications.

lthough XHTML 2.0 is derived from XHTML !.0" XHTML !.!" and HTML #" it is not purported

to provide !00 $ backwards compatibilit% to its earlier versions. &eb-based application

developers who are familiar with its predecessors will be comfortable with working on XHTML

2.0. lso" XHTML 2.0 has been a member of the XHTML 'amil% of markup languages.

Moreover" it is an XHTML Host Language defined in the Modulari(ation of XHTML. )t is

comprised of a set of XHTML modules which describe the attributes and elements of the language"

along with their content model. )t also updates most of the modules defined in Modulari(ation of

XHTML including the updated versions of those modules and their semantics *Malone 200+, *

/ amples 200+, * mith 2001,.

XHTML 2.0 is e clusivel% based on XML" wherein ML heritage and s%nta peculiarities that

e isted in the current web markup are eliminated. Technicall%" XHTML 2.0 is a 3general-purpose4

language comprising of a minimum default feature set that is easil% e tendible b% using and

other similar technologies like XML /vents" X'orms" etc. moreover" it is a modular approach

allowing the XHTML 2 working group to concentrate on generic document markup" whereas other

technologies emplo% several mechanisms for document construction" interactivit%" presentation"

etc. 'urthermore" the number one priorit% for the XHTML group is to promote further separation

of document content as well as structure e tracted from document presentation. Moreover" other

goals of XHTML 2.0 working group is to increase accessibilit% and usabilit%" device


2/8

independence" better internationali(ation" improved integration with the emantic &eb *Malone

200+,.

XHTML 2.0 was developed shortl% after XHTML !.! was broadl% recommended in 200!"

followed b% the release of the ver% first XHTML 2.0 working draft in 2002. However" most of the

documentation was in an incomplete" non-standardi(ed state. ome outstanding industr%

stakeholders" like web developers" browser vendors" content owners" and designers" b% 200#" had

been dissatisfied with the wa% XHTML2 working group was shaping up. 5eferring to the closed

behavior and nature of the &6 processes" the% settled on starting over and developing their own

standard. Hence" in 200#" &eb H%perte t pplication Technolog% &orking roup *&H T& ,was formed as an independent coalition *Malone 200+,. The group commenced operations on a

specification known as &eb pplications !.0. The &6 7s overwhelming votes" in pril 2008" was

inclined more towards the proposal of adopting the group7s specification for reviewing. However"

the original members of &H T& started operating in the &6 as the independent HTML

working group. The members continued to develop their proposal that was then renamed as HTML

9. Therefore" there is a possibilit% that the working draft of HTML 9 group ma% become a

recommendation for &6 along with XHTML 2.0 *Malone 200+, * / amples 200+, * mith

2001,. The XHTML 2 working group does not clearl% deal with backward compatibilit% as

compared to their predecessors" including the HTML working group. This has" thereb%" led them

to neglect man% of the s%ntactic packages that e isted in earlier versions of HTML. s a result" a

cleaner" and a more concise language was developed that accuratel% detects and corrects most of

the past indiscretions of &eb markup *Malone 200+,.

The ob:ective of XHTML 2 working group is to satisf% the need for appl%ing XHTML to a

broad arra% of var%ing platforms with more focus thrown on internationali(ation" device


3/8


4/8

The focus of XHTML 9 is mainl% on creation of a more generic" user-friendl%" and

simplified language. The%7ve refrained from introducing several speciali(ed elements to show

different t%pes of content. The working group also argued that the new role attribute offers a

mechanism b% which rich metadata can be included" b% making the need for speciali(ed elements"

insignificant. 'or this" a few new elements were included such as blockcode for computer code" di

for a group of related definitions and terms in dl " for multiple spellings" or multiple definitions" and

handler for scripted event handlers" with a kind of attribute indicating the handler language

*Malone 200+, *evertheless" HTML 9 provides

several numbers of changes and e tensions to XHTML !@ HTML # standards that deal with most

of the errors in the earlier specifications *Malone 200+, * otton et al 2001,.

)nterestingl%" HTML 9 is concerned with shifting HTML from the document markup" and

converting it into a language compatible for web applications. greater amount of specification

deals with creating a feature-full and more robust client side environment for development of web

application b% offering a number of var%ing


5/8

drawing using the canvas element" a networking


6/8

Eapan onl% for technologies specified in those specifications" and lastl%" for reporting the outcomes

of its activities as a team or group and others within the communit% *Malone 200+, * otton et al

2001, * mith 2001,.

Man% new elements have been added b% HTML 9 that are not available in XHTML 2.0." such as

figure representing a graphic or an image with a caption" a nested legend representing the caption"

whereas a normal img element used for the imageF time representing time and dateF m representing

marked te tF meter indicating measurements" datagrid indicating an interactive tree list or tabular

information@dataF etc. HTML 9 also provides an


7/8

Bib iograp!"


8/8

&6 2001" W#$ ()W* A+$H",)- 2../ " &6 " viewed Eanuar%" 20!0"

I http=@@www.w6.org@>ews@2001 entr%- 0!J.

HDgaret" < 2001" HTML5 isn0t a standard !et " &6 " viewed 8 Eanuar%" 20!0"

I http=@@www.w6.org@A @2001@09@ watching the google io.htmlJ.

mith" M 2001" HTML5 and XHTML2 " viewed Eanuar%" 20!0"

I http=@@www.slideshare.net@sideshowbarker@html9-and- html2J.
http://www.w3.org/News/2009#entry-6601http://www.w3.org/QA/2009/05/_watching_the_google_io.htmlhttp://www.slideshare.net/sideshowbarker/html5-and-xhtml2http://www.w3.org/News/2009#entry-6601http://www.w3.org/QA/2009/05/_watching_the_google_io.htmlhttp://www.slideshare.net/sideshowbarker/html5-and-xhtml2

xhtml 2 and html 5

Documents