xaxa committee report, tribal land alienation

7/24/2019 Xaxa Committee Report, Tribal Land Alienation

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'A-; ;EC-''E9DAT-9S -< XAXA C-''TTEE

Land acquisition: Prolems found:

%* Government noti"ies rural areas as urban areas to /eep tem out o" 4ESA covera&e*

#* Te 444 04ublic private partnersip1 model, is simpl( a bac/door metod o" tribal land alienation*

3* Government a&encies ac=uire land "or >public purpose? but later trans"er it to private companies at tro!a!a( prices*

)* Government as si&ned suc 'os !it companies, Government o""icials became >dealers and ne&otiators? o" tribal land*>9eutralit( o" te State? is "or&otten*

2* n sceduled areas, tribal5s land cannot be trans"erred to non6tribals* @ET Cabinet Committee on nvestment 0CC1 sometimesastens proect6"iles !ic directl( Bindirectl( violate tis provision*

* Development proects lead to in"lux o" outsiders to tribal areas, tus arm tribal interests b( mone( landin& activities and pollution*

Land !cquisition: "uggestions gi#en

%* 4revent al l /inds o" tribal land alienation

#* Gram Saba5s consent compulsor( "or an( t(pe o" land ac=uisition* Even i" te &overnment !ants land "or its o!n use*

3* " an(one obtains Gram Saba5s consent "raudulentl( impose penalties and cancel suc proects*

)* Empo!er Gram sabas to restore alienated land bac/ to ori&inal o!ner, even !ile case is pendin& in court* Tis !ill discoura&enon6tribal bu(ers "rom committin& "rauds*

2* Earlier 7ia( el/al Committee su&&ested tat unused Government land sould be sold o""Bleased o"" to &et more mone( andreduce "iscal de"icit* Xaxa as/s Government to use suc land "or tribal6resettlement*

* 4romote small siFed !ater6arvestin& structures instead "or lar&e dams*


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* mpose penalties on o""icials, i" dela(ed implementation o" 'eria? rite* +ut +ritis branded it as >uman sacri"ice?*

0nder 4ree 5ndia:

Since %HI$s, Central and Eastern ndia became te per"ect &uerrilla terrain "or te 9axalites*

Tis re&ion is ome to a lar&e tribal population* Te 'aoist movement spread in tese tribal belts because te( 4romised to end

teir istorical mar&inalisationK and mana&ed to build intimac( !it local people, overridin& di""erences o" caste or tribe*

4A Government too/ a!a( nearl( %*# la/ t* o" "orest land and &ave it to '9Cs "or minin& and po!er proects*

Tribal made to !or/ in te most dan&erous parts o" mines and steel plants, "or pett( !a&es* Tus, even te ne! Jcivilised5 ndian

are /eepin& tem as Jprimitive5 as possible*


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!ppendix 2: Constitutional + Legal protection

Constitutional protection to ST: List not exhaustive

Article How tribals protected?

15/4 State can make special provisions for advancement of SEBC, SC and ST.

19/5As suc citi!en can freel" move, reside and a#uire propert" in an" part of $ndia. B%T Statecan impose restrictions to protect te ST. E&ample' for(iddin) non'tri(als from purcasin)

land from tri(al.

*+ uman traffickin) proi(ited.

*9-in)uistic minorit" as ri)t to conserve its lan)ua)e and culture. an" ST communities

are also lin)uistic minorities.

14ad"a 0rades, disa, Cattis)ar and 23 need to appoint a minister for tri(alelfare.

++, ++* 6eservation for SC'ST in -ok Sa(a and 7idan Sa(a.

++4 A(ove reservation valid onl" for ten "ears.

++5 6eservation for SC'ST in 8overnment o(s.

++:A ;ational commission for ST, appointed (" 0resident.

++9/1

after 1 "ears from Constitution, 0resident sall appoint a Commission to prepare report on

Sceduled areas and ST. So far to commissions setup %; and

+?1 Special provisions for 11 states. $ncludin) tri(al'protection in 8uarat, aarastra, ;E etc.


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Scedule o tri(als protected@

5t Tri(al areas in nine states. 8overnors )iven special poers.

t Autonomous district councils in AT Assam, Tripura, e)ala"a and i!oram

Legal protection to ST: Just brief overview

Law How tribals protected?

199

0ESA orPanchayats =E&tension to te Sceduled Areas> Act

State 8overnment ave to )ive certain political, administrative and financial poers to

local )overnments in tri(al areas.

5 seats reserved for tri(als.

All cairpersons must (e tri(als =)ram, tesil, district level (odies>.

*

Dorest ri)ts act

Tri(als )iven land onersipF, if te" can prove te"/teir ancestors ave (een tillin)

te land (e"ond & "ears.

8ram Sa(a/ communit" ri)ts over forest, forest produce, $06 on traditional medicine

etc.

%oc' -uestions for %ains

Ans!er "ollo!in& in #$$ !ords eac:

%* >Te problem o" tribal land alienation and its lin/a&es !it extremism, can be best solved !it mplementation o" Xaxa Committeereport*? Expand on te assertion made*


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#* Discuss te Constitutional provisions "or protection and development o" Tribal areas in ndia*

3* 'ention an( tree tribal areas in ndia* Lat5re te main components o" Government5s tribal development pro&ramM 04SC as/edtis in %HII*1

xaxa committee report, tribal land alienation

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