xavier querol, idaea-csic

Athens, 15th December 2015

Overview of the AIRUSE LIFE+ project

Xavier Querol, IDAEA-CSIC


MEAN PM10 & PM2.5 LEVELS IN EUROPE

Eeftens et al. (2012) Atmospheric Environment

ESCAPE


PARTICULATE MATTER IN URBAN AREAS OF SOUTHERN EUROPE


PARTICULATE MATTER AND HEALTH EFFECTS IN BARCELONA Perez et al., 2009 ES&T

Selected results

Fraction Respiratory mortality

(Lag2)

Cardiovascular

mortality

(Lag1)

Cerebrovascular

mortality

(Lag1)

PM10-2.5

1.033

(0.980-1.089)

1.059

(1.026-1.094)

1.098

(1.030-1.171)

PM2.5-1

1.206

(1.028-1.416)

0.984

(0.892-1.086)

0.905

(0.743-1.102)

PM1

1.010

(0.963-1.059)

1.028

(1.000-1.058)

1.063

(1.004-1.124)

Odds ratio per 10 ug/m3


PM10 daily limit value 2012 BaP target annual value, 2012

30/11/2015


TRENDS ON NUMBER OF AQ ZONES WITH PM10 ALV DLV EXCEEDANCES

Zones exceeding the LVs Zones between the LVs and the LV+MoT Zones <LVs excluding African dust

Zones <LVs Non evaluated

Num

ber

of sta

tions

PM10 DAILY LIMIT VALUE PM10 ANNUAL LIMIT VALUE


BaP 2013, Catalonia, NE Spain

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

06/2008 06/2009 06/2010 06/2011 06/2012 06/2013 06/2014

ng

/m

3

Manlleu, BaP


• Characterizing similarities & differences in PM sources & contributions across S-EU (5 cities) • Once the main sources of PM10 and PM2.5 are identified, the strategic goal of the AIRUSE

project is to develop, test and propose specific and non specific measures to abate urban ambient air PM in S.-EU, to meet AQ standards & to approach WHO guidelines.

THE AIRUSE PROJECT AIMS

Specific PM mitigation measures • Street washing & dust suppressants for road dust and deposited African dust • Biomass burning • Industrial emissions (channelled and fugitive) • Strategies from other European countries (LEZ, eco-efficient vehicles, labelling, shipping, biomass

burning…)


ACTION A. Preparatory actions

ACTION B. Implementation actions

A.1 Authorities and stakeholders consultation

B1. Documentation of the current status

B2. Harmonization and implementation of source apportionment using receptor modelling & determination of the impact of:

B7. Developing & testing cost-effective PM measures & strategies

B8. Applicability of selected measures from N to S Europe

B3. Natural sources B4. Biomass burning

B5. Industrial sources B6. Traffic related sources

ACTION C. Implementation actions C1. Effectiveness of the project actions

C2. Assessment of the socio-economic impact

AIRUSE STRUCTURE: ACTIONS & TASKS (1/2)

Intensive additional work on inventories, emission chemical profiles, emission factors


AIRUSE STRUCTURE: ACTIONS & TASKS (2/2)

ACTION D. Communication & Dissemination actions

ACTION E. Project management & monitoring of the project progress

D1. Project website

D2. LIFE+ Information boards

D3. Networking-Open forum with key stakeholders D4. Dissemination of project results

D5. Layman's Report

E1. Project Management & Audit

E2. Monitoring of the project progress

E3. Networking with other projects

E4. After-LIFE+ Plan


Coordinating Beneficiary Project Manager

Spain

Associated Beneficiaries

Leader B5 D5 Spain

Leader B8 UK

Leader B3 D2 Greece

Leader B4 Portugal

Milan Italy

AIRUSE MANAGING STRUCTURE

Leader B2 Italy


ACTIONS B1 & B2

X. Querol1, A. Karanasiou1, F. Amato1, C. Vasconcelos1, A. Alastuey1, M. Viana1, T. Moreno1, F. Plana1, N. Perez1, M. Cabañas1, R. Bartoli1, S. Martinez1, M. Sosa1,

F. Lucarelli2, S. Nava2, G. Calzolai2, R. Udisti2, S. Becagli2, R. Traversi2, M. Severi2, S. Borselli2, C. Alves3, C. Pio3, T. Nunes3, L. Tarelho3, M. Duarte3, M. Cerqueira3, E. Vicente3, D. Custódio3, H. Pinto3,

E. Montfort4, I.Celades4, A. Escrig4, V. Sanfelix4, S. Gomar4, M. Padilla4, L. Ortiz4, B. Ferrer4, Y. Reig4, K. Eleftheriadis5, L. Diapouli5, S. Vratolis5, M. Gini5, E. Bairaktari5, S. Dalaina5, V. Galifianakis5,

V.L. Gianelle6, C. Colombi6

1 2 3 4 5 6


B1: AQ TRENDS SPAIN 2001-2012

Querol et al., 2014. Science of Total Environment

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

µg

/m3

SO2

Traffic Urban backgraound Industrial

0,0

0,5

1,0

1,5

2,0

2,5

3,0

3,5

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

µg

/m3

Mean Sav, Nie, Peñ Bar, CdC, Viz, Cam, Tor, Zar

Regional Background(EMEP)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

µg

/m3

NO2


0,0

1,0

2,0

3,0

4,0

5,0

6,0

7,0

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

µg

/m3

Media CdC, Viz,Tor, Sav, Nie Bar, Cam, Zar, Peñ


0

20

40

60

80

100

120

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

µg

/m3

NOx


0,0

1,0

2,0

3,0

4,0

5,0

6,0

7,0

8,0

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

µg

/m3

NOx

Media CdC, Viz,Tor, Sav, Nie Bar, Cam, Zar, Peñ

0.0E+0

2.0E+5

4.0E+5

6.0E+5

8.0E+5

1.0E+6

1.2E+6

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

SO2 (Mg)

Industrial processes with combustion

Power generation and transformation

Other transport and mobile machinery

Mg

SO2 National Emissions

0E+0

1E+5

2E+5

3E+5

4E+5

5E+5

6E+5

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

NOx (Mg)


Power generation and transformation


Road transport

Mg

NOx National Emissions

Viznar

Barcarrota

Peñausende

Niembro

O Sabiñao

Campisábalos

Zarra

El Torms

Cabo de Creus

Avilés

Oviedo

A Coruña

Vigo

Gijón

Valladolid

Madrid

BilbaoPamplona

Granada

Córdoba

SevillaMurcia

Alicante

Zaragoza

ValenciaP. Mallorca

Barcelona

L’Hospitalet

Las PalmasSanta Cruz

Regional Background Urban Background Traffic Industrial

Montseny

Regional Background PM2.5 speciation


Time average map of SO2 Column amount (PBL) (Dobson Units)

NASA SO2 OMI level 3. Plotted using the Giovanni online data system, developed and maintained by the NASA GES DISC

2005 2007

2008 2009

20011 2013


2005 2006

2007 2008

2009 2010

2011 2012

2013 2014

NASA NO2 OMI level 3 Plotted using the Giovanni

online data system, developed and maintained

by the NASA GES DISC

Mean annual tropospheric NO2 column

(clear, 0-30% cloud) (1014 molec/cm2)

01/01/2015 to 05/11/2015




0

5

10

15

20

25

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

µg/

m3

Media Bar, CdC, Viz,Tor, Zar, Nie Cam, Sav, Peñ


0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

µg/

m3

Media Bar, CdC,Viz, Tor Cam, Sav, Nie, Zar, Peñ


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

µg/

m3

PM10

Traffic Urban background Industrial

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

µg/

m3

PM2.5

Mean

0.0E+0

5.0E+3

1.0E+4

1.5E+4

2.0E+4

2.5E+4

3.0E+4

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

PM2.5 (Mg)



Road transport

Non industrial combustion

PM2.5 National Emissions

0.0E+0

5.0E+3

1.0E+4

1.5E+4

2.0E+4

2.5E+4

3.0E+4

3.5E+4

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

PM10 (Mg)

Industrial processes with combustionAgriculture and farmingOther transport and mobile machineryRoad transportNon industrial combustion

Mg

PM10 National EmissionsM

g




0

10

20

30

40

50

60

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

µg/

m3

O3

Traffic Urban Background Industrial

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

µg/

m3

O3

Media CdC, Viz, Cam, Zar, Peñ Bar, Tor, Sav, Nie


0,0

0,1

0,2

0,3

0,4

0,5

0,6

0,7

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

mg/

m3

CO

Traffic Urban background Industrial

0.0E+0

2.0E+5

4.0E+5

6.0E+5

8.0E+5

1.0E+6

1.2E+6

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

CO (Mg)Industrial processes with combustionAgriculture and farmingIndustrial processes without combustionRoad transportNon industrial combustion

National Emissions

Mg


0

20

40

60

80

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

PM

10

(µ

g/m

3)

Annual average PM10 Florence area

Florence_Bassi Florence_Gramsci Florence_Boboli Florence_Mosse Signa Calenzano boccaccio

Calenzano giovanni Campi B. Sesto Mean Annual limit value

-34%

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

PM

10

(µ

g/m

3)

Annual mean PM10 POR-MA

Francisco Sá Carneiro Sobreiras - Lordelo de Ouro Av. 24 - Espinho Anta - EspinhoAugusto Gomes - Matosinhos D. Manuel II - Vermoim Gaia - Avintes VN Telha - MaiaCustóias - Matosinhos Leça do Balio - Matosinhos Meco - Perafita Sra. Da Hora - MatosinhosErmesinde - Valongo Mean Annual limit value

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

PM

10

(µ

g/m

3)

Annual mean PM10 ATH-AGG

Agia Paraskevi Aristotelous Goudi Thrakomakedones Lykovrusi Marousi Piraeus Mean Annual limit value

-32%

0

20

40

60

80

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

PM

10

(µ

g/m

3)

Annual mean PM10 MLN-AGG

Cantù Como centro Merate Busto Arsizio - Accam Gallarate San Lorenzo MedaMonza Macchiavelli Monza Parco Milano Senato Mean Annual limit value CantùComo centro Merate Busto Arsizio - Accam Gallarate San Lorenzo Meda Monza Macchiavelli

-32%

0

20

40

60

80

100

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

PM

10

(µ

g/m

3)

Annual mean PM10 BCN-MA

Barcelona (c/ Lluís Solé i Sabarís) Barcelona (Eixample) Barcelona (Gràcia - Sant Gervasi)Barcelona (IES Goya) Barcelona (IES Verdaguer) Barcelona (Vall d'Hebron)Barcelona (pl. Universitat) Barcelona (Zona Universitària) Barcelona (Sants)Barcelona (Poblenou) Barcelona (Port Vell) Esplugues de Llobregat (CEIP Isidre Marti))L'Hospitalet de Llobregat Molins de Rei (pl. del Mercat Municipal) Molins de Rei (Ajuntament)El Prat de Llobregat (pl. de l'Església) El Prat de Llobregat (Jardins de la Pau) Sant Adrià de BesòsSanta Coloma de Gramenet (Ajuntament) Sant Feliu de Llobregat (Eugeni d'Ors) Sant Vicenç dels Horts (Col·legi Sant Josep)Sant Vicenç dels Horts (CEIP Verge del Rocío) Mean AQZ1 Annual limit value

-49%

-45%

BCN-MA

POR-MA MLN-AGG

FI-AGG ATH-AGG

0

20

40

60

80

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

PM

10

(µ

g/m

3)

Annual mean PM10 FI-AGG

Florence_Bassi Florence_Gramsci Florence_Boboli Florence_Mosse Signa

Scandicci Calenzano boccaccio Calenzano giovanni Campi B. Empoli

Greve Incisa Montelupo Pontassieve Sesto

Mean Annual Limit Value

ANNUAL PM10 AVERAGES

-46%

-49%

-32%

-34%0

20

40

60

80

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

PM

10

(µ

g/m

3)

Annual mean PM10 ATH-AGG

Agia Paraskevi Aristotelous Goudi Thrakomakedones Lykovrusi Marousi Piraeus Mean Annual limit value

-32%

FI-AGG ATH-GAA

WHO

WHO WHO

WHO

WHO

Athens, 15th December 2015 0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

PM

10

(µ

g/m

3)

Percentile 90.4 PM10 BCN-MA

Barcelona (c/ Lluís Solé i Sabarís) Barcelona (Eixample) Barcelona (Gràcia - Sant Gervasi)Barcelona (IES Goya) Barcelona (IES Verdaguer) Barcelona (Vall d'Hebron)Barcelona (pl. Universitat) Barcelona (Zona Universitària) Barcelona (Sants)Barcelona (Poblenou) Barcelona (Port Vell) Esplugues de Llobregat (CEIP Isidre Marti))L'Hospitalet de Llobregat Molins de Rei (pl. del Mercat Municipal) Molins de Rei (Ajuntament)El Prat de Llobregat (pl. de l'Església) El Prat de Llobregat (Jardins de la Pau) Sant Adrià de BesòsSanta Coloma de Gramenet (Ajuntament) Sant Feliu de Llobregat (Eugeni d'Ors) Sant Vicenç dels Horts (Col·legi Sant Josep)Sant Vicenç dels Horts (CEIP Verge del Rocío) Mean AQZ1 Daily limit value

-49%

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

PM

10

(µ

g/m

3)

Percentile 90.4 PM10 FI-AGG

Florence_Bassi Florence_Gramsci Florence_Boboli Florence_Mosse Signa

Scandicci Calenzano boccaccio Calenzano giovanni Campi B. Empoli

Greve Incisa Montelupo Pontassieve Sesto

Mean Annual Limit Value

-29%

0

40

80

120

160

200

240

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

PM

10

(µ

g/m

3)

Percentile 90.4 PM10 POR-MA

Francisco Sá Carneiro Sobreiras - Lordelo de Ouro Av. 24 - Espinho Anta - Espinho

Augusto Gomes - Matosinhos D. Manuel II - Vermoim Gaia - Avintes VN Telha - Maia

Custóias - Matosinhos Leça do Balio - Matosinhos Meco - Perafita Sra. Da Hora - Matosinhos

Ermesinde - Valongo Mean Daily limit value

-45%

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

PM

10

(µ

g/m

³)

Percentile 90.4 PM10 ATH-AGG

Agia Paraskevi Aristotelous Goudi Thrakomakedones Lykovrusi Marousi Piraeus Mean Daily limit value

-32%

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

PM

10

(µ

g/m

³)

Percentile 90.4 PM10 MLN-AGG

Cantù Como centro Merate Busto Arsizio - Accam Gallarate San Lorenzo Meda

Monza Macchiavelli Monza Parco Milano Senato Mean Daily limit value

-32%

FI-AGG

MLN-AGGPOR-MA

BCN-MA

ATH-GAA

90.4 PERCENTILE PM10

-29%

-29%


2003-2014 PM10 and PM1 source apportionment: Barcelona

xavier querol, idaea-csic

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