x-ray powder diffraction xrpd xrd. e = h c / λ e = 12.398 / λ λ = 12.398 / v e in (kev) and λ in...
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X-Ray Powder DiffractionXRPDXRD
E = h c / λ E = 12.398 / λλ = 12.398 / V E in (keV) and λ in (Ǻ)1 (nm) = 10 (Ǻ)
X-Ray is an Electromagnetic radiation
λ = 2 d sin θ ,Bragg Law
X-Rays Diffraction
أشعة سينية متوازية تسقط على مستويات بلورية متوازية dتفصل بينها مسافة-
لمعرفة كيفية وجود هذه المستويات البلورية ، البد من التعرف أعلى تركيب العينة التي في الحالة الصلبة
Sample : Powders
Lose Powders Bound Powders: Metal
The best Grain size : (1 – 10) μm or Crystallite size : (1000 – 10000) nm
The Chemical Unit of Mn(H2O)6 . (ClO4)2
The Unit Cell of Mn(H2O)6 . (ClO4)2
The Crystal Structure of Mn(H2O)6 . (ClO4)2
Regular arrangementLattice planes
The Unit Cell of NaCl
Debye-Scherrer Camera
Debye-Scherrer Film
X-Ray Diffractometer
XRPD of MgCr2O4 , Cr2O3 , MgO and Mixed of the three
Crystalline and Non-Crystalline (Amorphous) SiO2
XRPD‘s of the SiO2 phases (polymorphs)
ICDD card
Example from the Hanawalt Search Manual
©ICDD 1976. Used with permission from the International Centre for Diffraction Data.