www. .org

origins, evolution, current status, managementand perspectives of the SciELO network ofopen access collections of Ibero-America journals

Abel L PackerSciELO Operational CoordinatorBIREME/PAHO/WHO, Director

ScientificElectronicLibraryOnline

BIREME – Latin American and Caribbean Center on Health Sciences / Pan American Health Organization /World Health Organization

CODATA 2007 - Strategies for Open and Permanent Access to Scientific Information in Latin America: Focus on Health and Environment Information for Sustainable Development, Atibaia, São Paulo, 8-10 May 2007

as a model for scientific communication in developing countries

Latin America, CaribbeanPortugal & Spain

Latin America, CaribbeanPortugal & Spain

EnglishPortugueseSpanish

EnglishPortugueseSpanish

geographicgeographic

languageslanguages

2007 - SciELO Geographic and Language Coverage

Source: Ricyt, 2006

L&C articles in SCI-Exp, % world articles % LA&C articles

2003 % Country1 070 005 100,00 Total

348 225 32,54 United States 67 756 6,33 Ibero America 43 272 4,04 Canada 35 299 3,30 LA & C 29 634 2,77 Spain 16 324 1,53 Brazil

6 602 0,62 Mexico 5 640 0,53 Argentina 5 000 0,47 Portugal 2 972 0,28 Chile 1 235 0,12 Venezuela

840 0,08 Colombia 726 0,07 Cuba

2003 f % F % Country 35 299 100,00 LA & C 16 324 46,24 46,24 Brazil

6 602 18,70 64,95 Mexico 5 640 15,98 80,93 Argentina 2 972 8,42 89,35 Chile 1 235 3,50 92,84 Venezuela

840 2,38 95,22 Colombia 726 2,06 97,28 Cuba

~12% are published in LA&C journals ~12% are published in LA&C journals

Latin American and Caribbean Scientific ProductionISI – Web of Sciences

Growth of publications, from 1994 (base 100) to 2003Source: RiCYT, 2006, http://ricyt.centroredes.mine.nu/ricyt/elc2004/1.pdf

LA&C publications indexed in international databases – 1994 and 2003Source: RiCYT, 2006, http://ricyt.centroredes.mine.nu/ricyt/elc2004/1.pdf

total (a) % (b) total (c) % (d)Holland 571 9,58 21.346 2,02 4,74England 1235 20,69 65.880 6,22 3,33USA 2288 38,33 313.625 29,61 1,29Germany 427 7,16 69.808 6,59 1,09France 143 2,4 47.955 4,53 0,53Australia 60 1,01 23.746 2,24 0,45Chile 8 0,13 2.419 0,23 0,57India 47 0,79 20.299 1,92 0,41China 71 1,19 51.219 4,84 0,25Brazil 16 0,27 14.502 1,37 0,20Argentina 5 0,08 4.516 0,43 0,19México 7 0,12 7.659 0,72 0,17

Journals - JCR Articles WoS(b)/(d)Country

Country journals presence in JCR related to articles in the WoSISI Thomsom Scientific, 2004 Edition, Rogerio Meneghini, Abel L. Packer, 2006

0,530

1,90

0,30

> 6,3

ISI-JCR28

MEDLINE65

SciELO141

LILACS690

total1000-1500

Structure of the indization of LAC journals2004, BIREME/OPS/OMS

………. 4 …… 3… 21

Impact FactorDistribution

freq. % freq. % freq. % freq. % freq. % freq. % freq.Q1 0% 0% 0% 2 4% 1 2% 0% 3Q2 3 7% 2 4% 0% 1 2% 5 9% 6 11% 17Q3 10 22% 6 13% 13 26% 9 17% 10 19% 9 16% 57Q4 33 72% 40 83% 37 74% 40 77% 38 70% 40 73% 228Total 46 100% 48 100% 50 100% 52 100% 54 100% 55 100% 305

Quartil

Ano1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Total

2004, Distribution of impact factor of LA&C journals indexed in ISI JCR,

Vicious circle

International system of scientific publication

journalsjournals

publisherspublishers

Prestige pyramidimpact factor

Prestige pyramidimpact factor

ISIThomson Scientific

ISIThomson Scientific

Authors/Evaluation systema adhere to

Vicious circle

authors

Impactfactor

publishers

Career/evaluationsystems

Four instances

Production of journals in developing countries is perceived as secondary scientific endeavour

Articlesindexed in

SciELO

Articlesindexed inISI SCIexp

Indexedin

Both

~55,000 articles with LA&C affiliation - projected for 2006

~43,000 articles~17,000 articles

~5,500 articles

LA&C/2006 - projected number of articles according indexing

~37,500 articles~11,500 articles

Indexedin

Both

Public Funding is provided for page charge for most of the articles and for most of the locally published journals

Public Funding is provided for page charge for most of the articles and for most of the locally published journals

SciELO – Scientific Electronic Library Online

Launched in Brazil in 1997 by a FAPESP-BIREME joint project

FAPESP The State of São Paulo Research Foundation

BIREME/PAHO/WHO Latin American and Caribbean Center on Health Sciences

CNPq (since 2002) National Research Council

Adopted by Chile in 1998 under the leadership of CONICyT CONICyT National Commission for Scientific and Technological Research

Evolved networking national and thematic collections since 2000

2005 – NIH Public Acces Policy

2003 – Directory of Open Acces Journal

2002 – HINARI

2001 – PLOS – Letter, Journal site in 2002

2000 – PubMED Central BioMed Central1999 – OAI

1998 – Virtual Health Library

1997 - SciELO Brazil, Chile PubMED - MEDLINE with open access

1993 – Bioline International

1991 – arXiv

OA - time line

2005 – NIH Public Acces Policy

2003 – Directory of Open Acces Journal

2002 – HINARI

2001 – PLOS – Letter, Journal site in 2002

2000 – PubMED Central BioMed Central1999 – OAI

1998 – Virtual Health Library

1997 - SciELO Brazil, Chile PubMED - MEDLINE with open access

1993 – Bioline International

1991 – arXiv

OA - time line

To improve quality of national and regional scholarly journals

visibilility

accesibilility

quality

credibilityuse

impact

Strategy:

Publish collections of selected journals in open access mode with integrated measure of use and impact

Select/Index quality journals complementing ISIS SCI and other international indexes

Links from articles with national and international information sources

Move journals from the status of local and regional towards the international flow of scientific information

SciELO: Specific Objective

Meta-publisher to promote improvement of journals quality

To improve quality of national and regional scholarly journals

visibilility

accesibilility

quality

credibility

use

impact

Strategy:

Publish collections of selected journals in open access mode with integrated measure of use and impact

Select/Index quality journals complementing ISIS SCI and other international indexes

Links from articles with national and international information sources

Move journals from the status of local and regional towards the international flow of scientific information

SciELO: Specific Objective

Meta-publisher to promote improvement of journals quality

Inter-operate with other networks

VirtualHealthLibrary

Information and Knowledge for the managementof science, technologyand innovation

Strategy:

Network ofNational and thematic collections

WHO is adopting the VHL Model for Global Health Libraryand ePORTUGUESe networks

WHO is adopting the VHL Model for Global Health Libraryand ePORTUGUESe networks

Institutions involved directly or indirectly in the networks

National and State Science Councils

Universities, Faculties and Research Institutes

Scientific Societies

International Organizations

National Academy of Sciences

Ministries of Education, S & T and Health

www.bireme.org

www.scielo.org

SciELO is promoted, developed, managed and operated as a network of

national and thematic collections of journals

SciELO, March 2007

Coleções Início Títulos Coleções Início TítulosArgentina 2004 24 Costa Rica 2000 9Brasil 1997 176 Mexico 2003 15Chile 1998 63 Peru 2004 21Colombia 2004 22 Portugal 2004 13Cuba 2001 20 Uruguay 2005 6Venezuela 2000 28 West Indian 2006 1Espanha 2001 31 Total 65Social Sciences 2006 28Saúde Pub 2000 8Total 400 Open access – interoperable

--- OAI protocol--- Web Services protocol

Open access – interoperable

--- OAI protocol--- Web Services protocol

Articlesindexed in

SciELO

Articlesindexed inISI SCIexp

Indexedin

Both

~55,000 articles with LA&C affiliation - projected for 2006

~43,000 articles~17,000 articles

~5,500 articles

LA&C/2006 - projected number of articles according indexing

GoogleScholar

etc. DOAJOAI

CVScienTI

CVScienTI

WorldCat

WorldCat

SciELOSciELO

PUBMEDMEDLINEPUBMEDMEDLINE

WoSWoS

LILACSLILACS

articleSciELOarticle

SciELO

maximize links – article as a portal

14%, February 2006

Top ten clicked, May 2006

1,00010,00050,000

100,000200,000500,000

1,000,0003,000,0006,000,000

10,000,000

Brazil

0

200000

400000

600000

800000

1000000

1200000

1400000

1600000

Jan

Feb Mar Apr

May Ju

n Jul

Aug Sep OctNov Dec

2002

2003

2004

2005

SciELO Chile – articles downloaded 2002-2005

Onlineinter-library loan

Typical week operation of SciELO Brasil 6 – 11 abril

Países que mais visitam – 6-11 abril

social sciencesenglish edition

public healthEnglishSpanishPortugues

BrazilEnglishPortuguese

social sciencesenglish edition

public healthEnglishSpanishPortugues

BrazilEnglishPortuguese

SciELO Brasil, 2006, Impact Factor Revista de Saúde Pública

REVISTA DE SAUDE PUBLICA 0.5387 CADERNOS DE SAUDE PUBLICA 0.4583 ACTA BOTANICA BRASILICA 0.4574 CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 0.3468 REVISTA DO INSTITUTO DE MEDICINA TROPICAL DE SAO PAULO 0.3450 REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE CIENCIA AVICOLA 0.3333 FITOPATOLOGIA BRASILEIRA 0.3322 REVISTA DA SOCIEDADE BRASILEIRA DE MEDICINA TROPICAL 0.3311 REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE ZOOTECNIA 0.3119 REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE BOTANICA 0.3064 MEMORIAS DO INSTITUTO OSWALDO CRUZ 0.2951 NEOTROPICAL ENTOMOLOGY 0.2801 PESQUISA VETERINARIA BRASILEIRA 0.2692 DADOS 0.2647 PESQUISA AGROPECUARIA BRASILEIRA 0.2500 QUIMICA NOVA 0.2358 REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE EPIDEMIOLOGIA 0.2346 REVISTA ESTUDOS FEMINISTAS 0.2143 REVISTA LATINO-AMERICANA DE ENFERMAGEM 0.2135 

SciELO Brazil – 2004: Top Journal Impact factor 3-year based

0

0,2

0,4

0,6

0,8

1

1,2

1,4

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

Year

Imp

ac

t F

ac

tor

Arq Neuro-Psiquiat

Braz J Med Biol Res

Dados

J Braz Chem Soc

Mem Inst O Cruz

Pesq Agropec Bras

Quim Nova

Fator de Impacto na Base ISI de Revistas SciELO que Estiveram Indexadas nas Bases SciELO e JCR desde 1998 até 2004

increasemedian

43%34%5%

21%29%22%11%43%29%64%

1998 2003 Increase

Arquivo Bras de Medicina Veterinária e Zoot 59 123 108%Arquivos de Neuro-psiquiatria 207 575 178%Brazilian J of Medical and Biological Res 1008 1830 82%Genetics and Molecular Biology 99 214 116%Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society 187 523 180%Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 937 1805 93%Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 367 505 38%Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 31 98 216%Química Nova 241 636 164%Revista de Saúde Pública 169 355 110%

Brazilian SciELO-JCR JournalsCitations received in JCR

ISI JCR, SciELO Brazil journals, citatations received in ISI JCR in 1998 and 2003

1998 2003 Increase

Arquivo Bra de Medicina Veterinária e Z 0,092 0,068 -26%Arquivos de Neuro-psiquiatria 0,141 0,316 124%Brazilian J of Medical and Biological Res 0,439 0,74 69%Genetics and Molecular Biology 0,25 0,31 6%Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society 0,472 0,895 90%Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz 0,474 0,688 45%Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 0,077 0,119 55%Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 0,122 0,176 44%Química Nova 0,322 0,6 86%Revista de Saúde Pública 0,134 0,223 66%

Brazilian SciELO-JCR JournalsImpact factor in JCR

ISI JCR, SciELO Brazil journals, impact factor in 1998 y 2003 and icrease in impact factor median of the journal category in ISI JCR

SciELO Brazil – collection development, 2006

CitaionsJournal received

1 LANCET 7127

2 REVISTA DE SAUDE PUBLICA 6856

3 MEMORIAS DO INSTITUTO OSWALDO CRUZ 6526

4 NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE 6497

5 J OURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 6013

6 CIRCULATION 5764

7 SCIENCE 5570

8 NATURE 5515

9 PESQUISA AGROPECUARIA BRASILEIRA 5100

10 CADERNOS DE SAUDE PUBLICA 4480

11 JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION4253

12 AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE4104

13 REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE ZOOTECNIA 3914

14 REVISTA DO INSTITUTO DE MEDICINA TROPICAL DE SAO PAULO3910

15 J OURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE 3889

16 REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE CIENCIA DO SOLO 3770

17 JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY 3752

18 PHYSICAL REVIEW 3319

19 REVISTA DA SOCIEDADE BRASILEIRA DE MEDICINA TROPICAL3312

20 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AME3189

……total 943297

SciELO Brazil – 20 titles most cited, julho 2006

JCRSciELO

rsp csp bwho spm gs rpsp resp rsap totalRev. Saúde Pública rsp 514 830 17 12 4 132 5 3 1517*Cad. Saúde Pública csp 259 1240 7 8 9 109 24 10 1666Bull World Health Organbwho 60 129 678 61 16 140 14 15 1113Salud pública Méx spm 32 44 8 396 7 57 29 10 583Gac Sanit gs 4 8 0 5 296 18 125 0 456*Rev Panam Salud Publicarpsp 51 174 5 27 8 181 10 9 465*Rev. Esp. Salud Publicaresp 4 6 1 9 44 10 131 0 205*Rev. salud pública rsap 0 13 0 1 5 3 3 21 46Total 924 2444 716 519 389 650 341 68 6051

cite

dciting

SciELO Public Health – distribution of citations among journals 2001-2005, june2006

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.fonte 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004FI SciELO 0,2803 0,3046 0,3121 0,3564 0,2871

FI SciELO + ISI 0,4459 0,5172 0,5665 0,5745 0,5215

Impact Factor SciELO + ISI

SciELO ISI

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia 178 1.727 65 4 (6%) 0.123 0.155 0.279

Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery / Revista Brasileira de Cirurgia Cardiovascular

49 497 65 0 0.136 0 0.136

Cadernos de Saude Publica 741 326 54 6 (11%) 0.232 0.020 0.253

Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases 20 55 78

8 (10,2%)

0.206 0.172 0.379

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 711 144 12 2 (17%) 0.112 0.216 0.328

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical 334 312 12 4 (33%) 0.298 0.183 0.482

São Paulo Medical Journal / Revista Paulista de Medicina 14 417 107 6 (5,6%) 0.063 0.126 0.189

Materials Research 7 410 17317

(10%)0.119 0.089 0.209

Psicologia: Reflexão e Crítica 35 432 10020

(20%)0.154 0.113 0.268

ISI + SciELO IF 2001

ISI IF 2001

Articles cited (2001) ISI journals same category

(2001)

ISI journals with lower IF

(2001)

SciELO IF 2001

maximize links – article as a portal

Advancing …

ISIThomson Scientific

ISIThomson Scientific

journalsjournals

publisherspublishers

Prestige pyramidimpact factor

Prestige pyramidimpact factor

ISIThomson Scientific

ISIThomson Scientific

1

ScopusScopus

Google ScholarGoogle Scholar

SciELOSciELO

Articlesindexed in

SciELO

Articlesindexed inISI SCIexp

Indexedin

Both

SciELO Auto-Archive

Repository

Indexedin

Both

Same methodology--- markup--- links--- on the fly statistics of usage and impact

Same methodology--- markup--- links--- on the fly statistics of usage and impact

common searchcommon search

2

SciELO Brazil Open Access

Is public funding of 1 million dollars per year worthwhile?

150 journals online, about $6,500 per journal per year

9,811 new articles, about $100 per new article per year

60,000 articles total, about $16 per article online per year

27 million articles downloaded, about 3.7 cents per download

2005 indicators

Is it possible to become auto-sustainable ?

170 journals online, about $5,800 per journal per year

8,799 new articles, about $114 per new article per year

68,700 articles total, about $14,55 per article online per year

50 million articles downloaded, about 2 cents per download

2006 indicators

Is it possible to become auto-sustainable ?

SciELO Open Access Mode

Towards a sustainable framework

Government science, technology and innovation agencies and programs

Academic and scientific socities publishers

Sponsors

Authors

Private publishers

Brokers

SciELO as a meta-publisherSciELO as a meta-publisher

SciELO National Programs

Public available services for electronic publishing to lessen radically costs. Phasing out public funding for paper publishing

1

2

3 SciELO Autoarchive Repositories for peer-review articles published in non-SciELO journals

Thank you !

3

Open access in developing countries

young moviment – even unknown

ethical approach – results from research as public goods

different models

OA journasl , ex. SciELO

strong local and regional reception

prejudice persists internationally

preferences of communities

towards the globalization of scientific communication

Inte

rnet

Inte

rnet