www.free-ppt-templates.com

1

ENGLISH-POLISH SCHOOL

FOR THE STUDENTS OF TECHNICAL TRADE, CATERING AND HOTEL INDUSTRY SCHOOLS

• accounting system is a uniform set of methods and procedures. system księgowy

• accounts payable are the accounts in which credit purchases are recorded. rachunki do zapłacenia

• accounts receivable are the accounts in which credit sales are recorded. należność

• accounts payable are the recorded amounts of purchases for which acompany has not yet made payment. zobowiązania.

• accrual is an amount that is added to a quantity of something. przyrost• acquisition is the act of one company absorbing another

nabycie/przejęcie (innej firmy)• add To add numbers is to combine them dodawać.• adjusting entry is an amount that is recorded to compensate for an

error. korekta• adopt To adopt something is to decide to use it. przyjąć 2

• advance payment is a payment that is given before the product or service is exchanged. zaliczka; przedpłata, zapłata z góry

• assess to test or evaluate something. oszacować• assets something of value that a company owns. aktywa, majątek• attest service - a service performed by an accountant in which the

accountant offers his or her professional opinion about something. usługa księgowa

3

• balance sheet a document that shows a company’s assets, liabilities, and equity at a certain point in time. bilans, zestawienie bilansowe

• bill To bill someone is to send him or her a document stating an amount of money that he or she owes. wystawiać komuś rachunek

• binder a notebook that holds papers with rings or clips. segregator• bonus an amount of money paid in addition to regular wages or

salaries. premia• bookkeeper an accountant who records transactions. księgowy• break−even point - the level at which revenue equals costs. próg

rentowności• budget analyst an accountant who manages a company’s financial

plans. analityk budżetowy• bulletin board a wall panel that people post messages on. tablica

ogłoszeń• business budgeting the act of creating a budget for a business.

budżetowanie biznesu

4

• business entity any type of business. podmiot gospodarczy• business plan a detailed plan setting out the ojectives of a business,

the strategy and tactics planned to achieve them and the expected profits, usually over a period of three to ten years. biznesplan

• buy out to purchase the business at a time when it is about to go out of business. wykupić

5

• campaign an organized, planned set of actions. kampania• cash a check to exchange a check for money. realizować czek• cash flow the process of money moving into and out of a company.

przepływ środków pieniężnych• charges fees associated with some inappropriate transactions. opłaty

(np. karne)• checking account a bank account from which payments are made.

konto bieżące• chief financial officer an executive who is the highest authority over

an organization’s financial activities. dyrektor finansowy• compensate To compensate for something is to make amends for it.

wynagradzać,rekompensować• convenience the state of being easy, useful, and comfortable.

wygoda, udogodnienie• copier a machine that produces duplicates of paper documents.

kserokopiarka

6

• corporate tax a fee that a government charges businesses. podatek dochodowy od osób prawnych

• cost effective - If something is cost effective, it will generate sufficient income in comparison to how much was invested in it. opłacalny

• cost−plus method the act of adding a certain percentage to costs when setting sales prices. metoda ustalania cen w stałej relacji do kosztów (koszty plus marża)

• creditor - someone to whom money is owed. wierzyciel• current ratio the result of dividing a company’s assets by its

liabilities. wskaźnik bieżącej płynności; stosunek bieżących zobowiązań i aktywów

7

• debt money that has been borrowed, usually from a bank. dług; należność; wierzytelność

• decline to decrease. spadać, obniżać (się)• depreciation the process by which assets lose value over time.

amortyzacja• depreciation method an accounting technique that records reductions

in value. metoda amortyzacji• desirable terms Desirable terms loan conditions that are favorable.

korzystne warunki• direct cost an expense that rises and falls with the volume of

production. koszty bezpośrednie• direct labor the wages of employees who make a company’s products.

bezpośrednie koszty robocizny

8

• direct materials the materials that are used to make products. materiały bezpośrednie

• divided by means that a number is meant to be broken into equal units of a certain quantity. dzielony przez

• dividend a portion of profits given to a stockholder based on what percentage of the company he or she owns. dywidenda

• down−payment - a percentage of an item’s total value that must be paid at the time of purchase in order to finance the rest of the purchase price. zaliczka, przedpłata

• drive competitors out of business to draw so many customers away from competitors’ stores that they don’t make enough money to stay in business. pozbyć się konkurencji (np. poprzez odebranie klientów)

• dumping the act of selling goods below cost. (sprzedaż towarów poniżej kosztów)

9

• end−of−period procedure a task that must be done at the end of an accounting period before opening books for a new period. procedura na koniec okresu sprawozdawczego

• employee benefit any form of compensation other than wages and salaries. świadczenie pracownicze

• evaluate - to test it. ocenić, oszacować• excise tax a fee for producing certain non−essential products

like tobacco and fuel. podatek akcyzowy• expenditure an instance of spending money. wydatek, wydatki,

rozchód• external financial report a document prepared for and used by

people outside of an organization. zewnętrzne sprawozdanie finansowe

10

• factor anything that influences something else. czynnik• file to turn sth in to the agency that requires it. wciągnąć do ewidencji• finance to borrow money in order to purchase it. finansować• financier someone who lends money. finansista• financing activity things that companies do to increase the amount of

cash they have (e.g., taking out a loan, selling portions of the company to stockholders). działalność finansowa

• fiscal year the period used by organizations to prepare annual financial statements. rok podatkowy

• fixed assets any piece of property that is not easily converted to cash (e.g., a building). środki trwałe

• fixed cost an expense that stays the same regardless of the volume of production. koszt stały

11

• fixed expense one that stays the same each month. koszt stały• fixed overhead - costs such as rents and insurance premiums that stay

the same regardless of the volume of production. stałe koszty ogólne• flat tax - a system in which everyone pays the same rate of tax no

matter how much they make. podatek liniowy• flow of transactions the pattern of buying and selling that a business

goes through. przepływ transakcji• forgery an illegal copy of something. falsyfikat, podrobiony

dokument; fałszerstwo• free circulation the act of transferring things broadly and without

restraint. swobodny przepływ

12

• general and administrative costs the amounts paid for basic business operations. koszty ogólnego zarządu

• generate to create something. wytwarzać• gross earnings the total amount of money before deductions that an

employee earns. przychód/zarobek brutto• gross margin the amount of money left when cost of goods sold is

subtracted from sales revenue. marża brutto• gross wages the sum of an employee’s hourly pay for a certain period.

zarobek brutto

13

• hover means to stay near a particular point. wahać się, utrzymywać się (na pewnym poziomie)

14

• income statement a document that shows how much money an organization gained or lost in a certain period of time. rachunek wyników finansowych; zysków i strat

• income tax payable the amount of tax that an organization owes a government for a certain year but is not required to pay until the following year. należny podatek dochodowy

• indirect an expense that stays the same regardless of the volume of production. koszty pośrednie

• inflow cash coming into a company. wpływy• in−house If something is done in−house, it is done only by employees

of a particular company. wewnątrzzakładowy, wewnętrzny• intangible assets anything of value that is not a physical object.

aktywa niematerialne

15

• interest rate a percentage that is added to a loan amount during the loan period stopa procentowa

• internal financial report a document prepared for and used by members of an organization. wewnętrzny raport finansowy

• inventory the value of products that a company has bought and intends to sell for profit. zapasy; inwentarz

16

• lease term the period of time until a lease expires. termin wynajmu• lessee a person who leases property. dzierżawca, najemca• lessor a person who owns leased property. osoba wynajmująca

(komuś), wynajmujący• liability any amount of money that a company owes. zobowiązanie

finansowe• liquidity the degree of ease with which an asset can be converted to

cash. płynność środków finansowych• litigation support an accounting field in which an accountant assists law

professionals. obsługa prawna• local knowledge familiarity with a particular region. znajomość

warunków lokalnych

17

• loss zone a state in which a company spends more money than it earns. strefa strat

• loan period the amount of time in which a debt is expected to be paid. czas spłacania pożyczki

18

• make a killing to make a huge amount of profit. osiągnąć ogromny zysk

• margin per unit the revenue left over after variable expenses divided by the number of units produced. marża na sztuce

• margin ratio margin divided by revenue. stopa marży• markup a certain amount of money that companies add to their costs

when setting sales prices. narzut• multiplied by means that a number is meant to be added to itself a

certain number of times. pomnożony przez

19

• near−term If something is near−term, it is taking place over a small period of time. krótkoterminowy

• net income the amount of money that remains after all expenses have been deducted from sales revenue. dochód netto

20

• on credit To purchase something on credit is to purchase it with a promise to pay for it later. na kredyt

• operating cycle the pattern of purchasing materials and using them to earn a profit. cykl operacyjny

• operating earnings the money left after fixed and variable expenses have been deducted. zysk operacyjny

• operating margin the amount of money left when general and administrative costs are subtracted from the gross margin. marża operacyjna

• outflow is cash moving out of a company. rozchody• outsource is to hire people from outside a company to do the

company’s work. podwynająć, zlecić np. innej firmie • overdraft a transaction conducted without sufficient funds. debet,

przekroczenie stanu konta• owner’s equity the total monetary value of a company. kapitał własny

21

• P & L A a profit and loss statement. It shows how much money an organization gained or lost in a certain period of time. rachunek zysków i strat

• partnership an unincorporated business that is owned by a few people. spółka

• pay for (something) ahead of time to pay for it before receiving it. zapłacić z gory

• pay off To pay off a loan is to repay the total amount of it plus any interest. spłacić (pożyczkę)

• payroll a list of employees and their salaries or wages. lista płac• payroll master file a file containing all of a company’s payroll info

główny plik z listą płac• pay stub a document that shows an employee’s pay and taxes for a

certain period. odcinek wypłaty• plummet to decrease rapidly. gwałtownie spadać

22

• proceeds are money received from sales. dochód, wpływy• profit sharing plan a project in which a company gives a portion of its

income to its employees. plan podziału zysków• profit zone a state in which a company earns more than it spends.

strefa zysku• promotion the process of attracting people`s attention to a product for

example by advertising. promocja• property a fee that local governments charge for owning real estate.

podatek od nieruchomości• public practice it consists of any field of accounting, such as tax

preparation, in which the accountant works with the general public. sektor finansów publicznych.

• purchase order a document stating items that a company wishes to buy. zamówienie

23

• raise capital to gather money. gromadzić kapitał• receipt something that is received. wpływ, przychód• recoup to pay back money that was spent. wyrównywać straty• recovery period the length of time during which an asset is

depreciated. okres amortyzacji• retailer a company that sells products to the public. sprzedawca

detaliczny• return on equity a comparison of net income to owner’s equity. stopa

zwrotu na kapitale własnym; rentowność kapitału własnego; zysk na kapitale akcyjnym

• return on sales a comparison of net income to sales revenue. rentowność sprzedaży

24

• review process a procedure in which documents are inspected for accuracy. sprawdzanie dokładności dokumentów

• run the numbers to make calculations in order to analyze one or more scenarios. przeprowadzać kalkulacje

25

• safety reserve an amount that is held in case of unforeseen needs. kwota rezerwowa

• salary a yearly amount of money paid to an employee. pensja• sales price the amount of money that someone requires in exchange

for an item. cena sprzedaży• sales revenue the amount of money that is received from selling goods

or services. przychody ze sprzedaży; wpływy ze sprzedaży• sales volume the total number of products sold. wielkość sprzedaży• sell below cost to the sell something for less money than it took to

purchase, manufacture or produce it. sprzedawać poniżej kosztów• selling the act of exchanging goods or services for money. sprzedaż• short−term If something is short−term, it is taking place over a

small period of time. krótkoterminowy

26

• slump to decrease for a long period. gwałtownie spadać • source document one of the various types of records of financial

transactions. dokument źródłowy (zapis transakcji)• solvency the ability to pay debts. wypłacalność• statement of financial condition a balance sheet. bilans finansowy,

sprawozdanie finansowe• stockholder a person who has purchased a percentage of ownership of

a company. akcjonariusz, udziałowiec• subtract a number is to remove that quantity from another number.

odejmować

27

• take out To take out a loan is to borrow money. wziąć (pożyczkę)• tangible assets any physical object that holds value. aktywa

materialne • tax money that individuals and businesses are required to pay to a

government. podatek• tax accountant an accountant who specializes in tax regulations.

doradca podatkowy• tax avoidance any activity done to avoid paying taxes. unikanie

płacenia podatków• tax breaks discounts on taxes that are offered to encourage some

desired behavior. ulgi podatkowe• tax deductible If something is tax deductible, its value can be

subtracted from its owner’s taxable income. podlegający odliczeniu od podatku

• tax form a document that people and corporations are required to turn in to thegovernment’s taxation agency. formularz podatkowy

28

• total margin the revenue left over after variable expenses have been deducted. całkowita marża

• total wages the sum of an employee’s hourly pay for a certain period. wynagrodzenie całkowite

• trademark a legally protected symbol. znak firmowy• transfer the act of moving money from one account to another.

przelew

29

• up to date If something is up to date, it means that it includes all available information as of today. aktualny

• update an improvement for a program. aktualizacja, ulepszenie• useful life a product’s useful life is the period of time in which it can

be used. okres użytkowania

30

• value−added tax consists of fees that are charged every time materials are transferred from one company to another during the manufacturing process. podatek od wartości dodanej; VAT

• variable cost an expense that rises and falls with the volume of production. koszty zmienne

• variable expense one that is likely to change each month. wydatki zmienne

• venture an investment for the purpose of generating more income. przedsięwzięcie

• viability the ability to survive and be successful. rentowność, zdolność do utrzymania się na rynku

31

• wholesaler a company that sells products to retailers. sprzedawca hurtowy

• withdrawal the act of removing money from an account. wypłata• working capital assets minus liabilities. kapitał obrotowy

32

• year−over−year growth rate a comparison of one year’s profits to another year’s profits. wskaźnik wzrostu liczony rok do roku

33

• zero cash balance a situation in which there is no cash in an account. zerowe saldo gotówkowe

Based on : * Career Paths, Accounting, słownik angielsko-polski,* Macmillan English Dictionary

34