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www.derby.ac.uk/ buxton U N I V E R S I T Y O F D E R B Y B U X T O N Are graduates more productive? Sarah Rawlinson University of Derby [email protected]

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Page 1: Www.derby.ac.uk/buxton UNIVERSITY OF DERBY BUXTON Are graduates more productive? Sarah Rawlinson University of Derby S.Rawlinson@derby.ac.uk

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Are graduates more productive?

Sarah Rawlinson

University of [email protected]

Page 2: Www.derby.ac.uk/buxton UNIVERSITY OF DERBY BUXTON Are graduates more productive? Sarah Rawlinson University of Derby S.Rawlinson@derby.ac.uk

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Context of the study

The Department for Education and Skills (DfES)study on Education and Skills: The EconomicBenefit (2003) suggests that there are higher returns for individuals who have a university degree and that highly educated people are more productive.

The report claims that businesses can benefit in the forms of higher profits by making use of this higher productivity.

Page 3: Www.derby.ac.uk/buxton UNIVERSITY OF DERBY BUXTON Are graduates more productive? Sarah Rawlinson University of Derby S.Rawlinson@derby.ac.uk

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Context of the study

Research Questions

• How do we measure this productivity?

• How do we attribute this productivity to graduates only?

• Do employers see the benefits of employing graduates?

Case Study

The spa, beauty and hairdressing sector.

Little or no experience of higher education.

Graduates entering the industry.

Page 4: Www.derby.ac.uk/buxton UNIVERSITY OF DERBY BUXTON Are graduates more productive? Sarah Rawlinson University of Derby S.Rawlinson@derby.ac.uk

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Context of the study

The changing nature of work

Flatter organisational structures, as a result of downsizing and delayering, has led to the empowerment of individuals and greater autonomy and ownership of the work process. This change has placed greater emphasis on the knowledge and skills of individuals and has resulted in the need for a more educated workforce.

(Harvey 2000)

Page 5: Www.derby.ac.uk/buxton UNIVERSITY OF DERBY BUXTON Are graduates more productive? Sarah Rawlinson University of Derby S.Rawlinson@derby.ac.uk

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Context of the study

Measuring Performance

• The balanced score card approach

Kaplan and Norton (1992)

• The framework of intangible valuation areas (FIVA)

Green and Ryan (2005)

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Pilot Study

Aim• Identify whether graduates

in spa, beauty therapy and hairdressing were more productive than non graduates.

Objectives• Investigate the

employment opportunities for graduates from spa, hairdressing and beauty therapy programmes.

• Identify the benefits graduates brought to the organisations that employed them.

Page 7: Www.derby.ac.uk/buxton UNIVERSITY OF DERBY BUXTON Are graduates more productive? Sarah Rawlinson University of Derby S.Rawlinson@derby.ac.uk

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Research Approach

An exploratory research approach was used to gain an understanding of the job roles graduates were performing and the types of organisations that had employed them.

This approach provided an opportunity to investigate the context within which the wider study would take place and explore the activities that would need to form part of the measurement tool.

Page 8: Www.derby.ac.uk/buxton UNIVERSITY OF DERBY BUXTON Are graduates more productive? Sarah Rawlinson University of Derby S.Rawlinson@derby.ac.uk

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Research Method

• Five organisations took part in the pilot study.• Colleges and universities offering higher

education programmes were approached by the Hair and Beauty Industry Authority to identify organisations that may take part in the study.

• Semi structured telephone interviews were used in all but one organisation.

Page 9: Www.derby.ac.uk/buxton UNIVERSITY OF DERBY BUXTON Are graduates more productive? Sarah Rawlinson University of Derby S.Rawlinson@derby.ac.uk

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Findings

The Pilot Study found:• Students were all employed in larger

organisations;• All carried out treatments or services as part of

their role;• None of the organisations set out to employ a

graduate but would consider doing so in the future.

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Findings

Employers suggested that they could not identify tangible benefits to employing a graduate but cited the following intangible benefits:

• commitment to the industry;• a good understanding of the industry;• good management skills, spent time planning

ahead and making improvements to the business;• confident, reliable and used their own initiative;• demonstrated leadership skills.

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Findings

The pilot study suggests that:

• Graduates are demonstrating greater autonomy and ownership of the work process;

• Graduates are “growing jobs” within organisational structures;

• Graduates’ first job is not in traditional graduate positions but in positions that initially provide low-level challenges.

Identified by Harvey (2000)

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Findings

Harvey (2000) suggests that the changing nature of work is benefiting non-traditional graduates.

This change has placed greater emphasis on the knowledge and skills of individuals  and has resulted in the need for a more educated workforce.

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Conclusions

This pilot study has identified that graduates in this industry are providing intangible assets that do not show on the organisation’s “bottom line.”

The benefits that graduates bring to the industry are not easily measured by the organisation.

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Conclusions

Many businesses do not know the true value of their intangible assets (Green and Ryan, 2005).

There is a need to align an organisation’s business strategy and their intangible assets through a graduate impact framework (GIF) developed for this industry.

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References

• Green, A. and Ryan, J.C.H. (2005) A framework of intangible valuation areas (FIVA). Aligning business strategy and intangible assets. Journal of Intellectual Capital. Vol. 6 No. 1 pp 43-52

• Harvey, L. (2000) New realities the relationship between higher education and employment. Tertiary Education and Management. Vol. 6 No. 1 pp 3-17

• Kaplan, R.S. and Norton, D.P. (1992) The balanced scorecard – measures that drive performance. Harvard Business Review. January – February pp71-79