www. tafu.edu137)_2019.pdf · 2019. 12. 25. · ertproduqtiani dietebi, simsiloba, atasi saxis...

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# 9 (137) 29 noemberi 2019 weli # 9 (137) 29 noemberi 2019 weli

saqarTvelos SoTa rusTavelis TeEatrisa da kinos saxelmwifo universitetis gazeTi #9 (137) 29 noemberi 2019 weli

gamomcemloba `kentavri~, aRmaSeneblis gamz. 40; tel: 2999 411 (240); www. tafu.edu.ge

gv. 10,11

gv. 2-5

gv. 6,7,12

qarTuli Teatraluri

enciklopedia

gv. 8,9

eTer farCukiZe

kultura da silamazis standartebi msoflios sxvadasxva kuTxeSi

avTandil gvasalia 60-70-iani wlebis qarTuli kinos esTetika

fsiqologiis gakveaTilebi grZeldeba...

daTa aleqseevi

riT daviwyo?

gv. 9,10

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# 9 (137) 29 noemberi 2019 weli # 9 (137) 29 noemberi 2019 weli# 9 (137) 29 noemberi 2019 weli # 9 (137) 29 noemberi 2019 weli

3. gv.

kultura da silamazis standartebi msoflios sxvadasxva kuTxeSi

Cveni samyaro mravali erisa da maT kulturaTa savanea, silamaze ki am kulturaTa ganuyofeli nawili, misi mTavari samkaulia. igi mravali saxiTa da formiT gvxvdeba; arsebobs silamazis sxvadasxva standarti, imdeni ideali da Sexeduleba, ramdeni adamiani da ramdeni eric arsebobs amqveynad. magram mainc ra sididis da sirTulisaa es sistema?

swored am kiTxvaze pasuxis Zebnas davuTme Cemi pirveli kvleva sociologiaSi _ Tu rogori kompleqsuri da mravalferovania silamaze, rogor gansxvavdebian silamazis kriteriumebi da standartebi msoflios sxvadasxva kuTxeSi.

zogadad cnobilia, rom es ori samyaro odiTganve gansxvavdeboda erTmaneTisgan da silamazis standartTa Soris aseTi gansxvaveba arc aRmoCnda CvenTvis gasakviri

ra Tqma unda, adamianis subieqturi azri mTlianad mis interesebs eqvemdebareba, magram masze gavlena bevrma faqtorma SeiZleba iqonios _ ramdenad obieqturad da mravalmxrivad viTardeboda misi msoflmxedveloba droTa ganmavlobaSi, Tu piriqiT - mxolod erT xazs mihyveboda da SezRuduli iyo da a.S.

msoflmxedveloba adamianis cxovrebis gzamkvlevia, igi adamians aZlevs orientacias - ra da rogor akeTos, risTvis ibrZolos, rogor icxovros da ras emsaxuros... kantis sityvebiT, es is sakiTxebia, romelTa axsnac adamians ar SeuZlia, radgan aRemateba yvela unars _ ,,verc gadaWris, verc aicilebs“. swored msoflmxedveloba aris erT-erTi navigatori kulturisa, romlis mixedviTac viTardeboda da cxovrobda adamiani saukuneTa ganmavlobaSi.

dasavlelTa SedarebiT ufro Tavisufali azrovnebisgan gasxvavebiT, aRmosavlelTa azrovnebas, gansakuTrebiT ki iaponelebisas, yovelTvis minimalizmi edga qvakuTxedad. mag., cnobili faqti _ bavSvebs didobaSi patara fexebi rom hqonodaT, romelic silamazed iTvleboda iaponiasa da CineTSi, 3-4 wlis asakSi fexebs amtvrevdnen da ise uxvevdnen, rom xelaxla gazrdisas garkveul zomaze didi ar yofiliyo. iaponuri getebi, (,,geta“) e.w. fexsacmelebi maRali da mokle ZiriT, swored aseTi patara , ,,lamazi“ fexebisTvis

iyo gankuTvnili, droTa ganmavlobaSi qalis silamazis ideali Camoyalibda aseTi: arc Tu ise maRali (160 sm), patara, mrgvali, TeTri saxe muqi TmebiT, muqi vardisferi loyebiT da lamazi, susti da narnara sxeuliT, lamazi mkerdiT, mkvrivi mucliTa da Txeli fexebiT...

gamokiTxvaSi monawileoba miiRo Teqvsmetma axalgazrdam - rva biWma da rva gogonam, maTi asaki iyo 14-25 wlamde. isini iyvnen Semdegi qveynebidan: saqarTveli, amerika, espaneTi, italia, argentina, TurqeTi, iaponia, CineTi, korea da indoeTi.

kiTxvaze, Tu rogoria maTi idealuri qalis portreti, respondentebidan Tormetma arCia qalis ufro gamxdari sxeuli, xolo danarCenma oTxma - SedarebiT ufro formebiani sxeuli. sainteresoa isic, rom dasavluri qveynebis warmomadgenelTa azri orad gaiyo _ amerikelma da argentinelma ufro aragamxdari qalbatonebi airCies da Tqves, rom TavianT regionSi bevri fiqrobs maTsaviT, xolo evropelebi Sualedze SeCerdnen _ maT silamazis etalonad daasaxeles iseTi qalbatonebi, rogorebic arian monika beluCi, skarlet iohansoni da sxvebi.

rac SeexebaT azielebs, aq Sedegi TiTqmis erTi iyo _ yvela maTganma gamxdari, susti gogonebi arCia, romlebic ,,normaze“ SedarebiT ufro gamxdrebi arian, mxolod orma maTganma _ erTma biWma da erTma gogom gaakeTes arCevani cnobil amerikel momReral bionseze da kardaSianTa cnobili ojaxis erT-erT wevr kaili jenerze.

am gamokvlevis Semdeg gamoikveTa, rom zogadi Sedegi orad gaiyo _ upiratesoba SedarebiT gamxdar sxeuls mieniWa, magram aseve azrebi ,,horizontis mxareTa“ Sesabamisadac daiyo _ rogorc mosalodneli iyo, gamoikveTa gansxvaveba dasavlur da aRmosavlur kulturaTa Soris.

rogorc aRvniSne, es gansxvaveba zogadad odiTganve arsebobda da mas kulturaTa msoflmxedveloba edga saTaveSi, Taviseburi fsiqologiuri sistema.

SeiZleba iTqvas, rom droTa ganmavlobaSi es ,,sistema“ TiTqmis xeluxlebeli darCa _


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dRes, simaRlis standartis garda, romelmac mcirediT moimata, lamazi qalis idealad isev gamxdari da, nebismieri saxis ,,zedmeti wonisa da cximis“ gareSe arsebuli sxeuli miiCneva aziis, kerZod ki aRmosavleT aziis wamyvan qveynebSi. amis naTel magaliTad ki, serialebisa da filmebis cnobili varskvlavebi da Soubiznesis warmomadgenlebi arian _ CineTSi, koreasa da iaponiaSi misabaZi silamaze satelevizio programis wamyvanebs, cnobil msaxiobebs da momRerlebs aqvT. logikuri iqneba, Tu aqve davurTavT, rom es dadgenili kriteriumebi erTgvari moTxovnacaa da wesic maTTvis, visac surs, rom cnobadi da sajaro figura iyos. es ,,kanoniviTaa“ da mas sruli seriozulobiT udgebian.

msgavsi azrovneba erTgvar stereotipadac ki iqca, romlisTvisac fexis awyoba bevr rTul da, SeiZleba iTqvas, janmrTelobisTvis saSiS procedurebTan da momentebTanaa dakavSirebuli - erTproduqtiani dietebi, SimSiloba, aTasi saxis qirurgiuli Careva _ Zalian popularulia Tvalis gadidebis, kanis gaTeTrebis da zogadad, gamalamazebeli procedurebi (romelTa raodenoba mTeli msoflios masStabiT swored am qveynebSia rekorduli) da yvelaferTan erTad _ stresi da mudmivi moralur-fsiqologiuri zewolis qveS yofna, romelsac xandaxan ,,susti sqesis“ warmomadgenlebi savalalo Sedegebamde mihyavT: maTgan yvelaze ,,msubuqi“ Sedegi, xSirad, anoreqsiaa...

Cvens gamokiTxvaSi monawile aRmosavleT azielebis umravlesobam swored TavianT qveynebis cnobili adamianebi daasaxela silamazis etalonad - iaponelebma da Cinelebma serialebisa da filmebis varskvlavebi, xolo koreelebma da indoelebma e.w. ,,keipop aidolebi“, anu koreuli pop-musikis warmomadgeneli cnobili momRerlebi. maTi proporciebi, saxis nakvTebi da sxeulis moyvaniloba swored iseT tips Seesabameba, rogoric zemoT vaxseneT _ gamxdari, Txeli, Ria kanis feriT, lamazi, mrgvali saxiTa da e.w. ,,monolidebiT”, anu erT-quTuToiani Tvalebi. mxolod erTma biWma da erTma gogonam daasaxeles misabaZ modelad amerikeli momRerali bionse (romelic, Cveulebriv pirobebSi, Zvalmsxvilad da ~formebianad“ CaiTvleboda aRmosavleTSi, miuxedavad imisa, rom igi mkacrad akontrolebs Tavis sxeuls

da vegetarianelia) da kaili jeneri - SedarebiT didi tuCebiT, mkerdiT, TeZoebiTa da, Tundac, sajdomiT.

msgavs mkacr moTxovnebs dasavluri sazogadoeba cinikurad da aRSfoTebiT uyurebs, maTTvis aseT simkacre da sxeulis am doneze ,,daCaCanakeba“ arajanmrTeli da gaumarTlebelia. miuxedavad imisa, rom amerikuli iseve, rogorc nebismieri didi da wamyvani qveynis Soubiznesic, mkacri da daundobelia, silamazis moTxovnilebaTa mimarT amerikeli da, zogadad, dasavluri sazogadoeba ufro loialuri da Semwynarebluria. aseT damokidebulebas ki Tavisi istoria aqvs:

amerikuli da, zogadad, dasavluri samyaros azrovneba da filosofia jer kidev, pirveli saxiT, antikur saberZneTSi Caisaxa. adamiani, rogorc samyaros sazomi da kanoni, rogorc amqveyniuri uzenaesoba _ swored es iyo berZenTa azrovnebis mTavari principi, romelic Semdgom sxva erebma gadaiRes da am principebze aages TavianTi azrovneba da kanonmdebloba.

,,zedmeti wona araa problema, Tu Sen Tavs uvli da es Sens janmrTelobas ar uSlis xels“ - ,,miiRe Seni Tavi iseTad, rogoric xar“ - swored am principebiT cxovrobs dasavleli adamiani. es ideologia ki, ra Tqma unda, mxolod sxeulis silamazes ar exeba. dasavluri azrovneba, piriqiT, amxnevebs da mouwodebs adamians, rom Seirgos es cxovreba, datkbes misiT, Seiyvaros sakuTari Tavi upirveles yovlisa - iseTi, rogoric aris, rogoric RmerTma da mSoblebma Seqmnes. amitomacaa, rom isini aRSfoTebulebi arian im ,,araadamianuri“ pirobebiT da standartebiT, romlebic aziaSia gamefebuli. sxvebisgan gansxvavebiT, dasavleli, ubralo magaliTi rom aviRoT, Sokoladsa da fqvileulze xSirad uarsac ki ar ityvis - sxeulis garda mas janmrTelobisTvisac aqvs misaxedi.

evropel respondentebTan saubrisas SevamCnieT aseve erTgvari ,,gadakveTa“: maT aRniSnes, rom miuxedavad maTi silamazis etalonebisa, romlebSic moiazrebodnen _ monika beluCi, skarlet iohansoni, bionse da sxvebi, _ arc aRmosavleT azieli varskvlavebis silamaze araa maTTvis miuRebeli. erTma italielma axalgazrdam isic ki dasZina _ oRond, janmrTelobisa da normis, ,,oqros Sualedis“ farglebSio.

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anu, dasavlelebTan ixateba erTi mniSvnelovani detali, romelic, ra Tqma unda, azielebTan iyo, magram arc ise mniSvnelovnad gamoxatuli, rogorc dasavlelebTan _ silamaze misaRebia janmrTelobis farglebSi, anu aucilebelia silamazisadmi jansaRi midgoma.

evropelebisa da amerikelebisTvis (miuxedavad imisa, rom isinic ara erT qirurgiul Carevas mimarTaven), sxeulis formaTa arseboba dasaSvebia da nebismier farglebSi Warbwonianoba da Zvalmsxviloba uCveulo movlena araa. sazogadoebac, umeteswilad, amas skeptikurad ar uyurebs (rac, magaliTad aRmosavleTSi, SeiZleboda gamxdariyo gankicxvisa da zurgs ukan CurCulis, TiTis miSveris sagani). am bolo dros amerikaSi e.w. ,,plus-zomis modelebic“ da maT zomaze Sekerili sacvlebic ki gamoCnda _ amiT xazi esmeba imas, rom amerikelebi mxars uWeren silamazis Tanasworobas da ar zRudaven qalebs ,,standartiT“, piriqiT, ubiZgeben imisken, rom SeigrZnon TavianTi Tavi ise, rogorebic realobaSi arian, sircxvilisa da sindisis qenjnis gareSe.

am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT gadavawydiT erT saintereso cdas _ amerikel da iaponel programistebs misces sacurao kostiumSi gamowyobili modelis foto ,,dasafotoSopeblad“, anu ,,wesrigSi mosayvanad’’. Sedegi saintereso aRmoCnda _ amerikelma gogonas SeunarCuna ,,qaluri formebi“ _ gamoyvanili TeZoebi, mxrebi, mkvrivi fexebi da muceli, iaponelma ki TiTqmis asimetriulad didi mkerdi da uzomod gamxdari kidurebi da mxrebi SeunarCuna (aq aSkarad gavlena igrZnoba e.w. ,,manguri“ azrovnebisa, iaponuri komiqsebisa, sadac idealuri iaponeli mxatvruli gmiri gogona swored didi mkerdiT da sxeulis sxva, aranormalurad Txeli nawilebiTaa mocemuli).

es cdac kidev erTi dasturia imisa, Tu rogori gansxvavebulia da bipolarulia es ori samyaro.

rac SeexebaT mamakacebs, aqac daaxloebiT msgavsi proporciuli dayofa miviReT _ msubuqi kunTebidan didkunTebianobamde Sefardeba iyo 1/3-Tan, yvela respondentma maRal mamakacs mianiWa upiratesoba; Turqma, italielma da indoelma gogonebma wveri aucilebel detalad daasaxeles. kanis, Tmisa da Tvalis ferze cota ,,agveria“ erTgvarovani sistema, radgan TiTqmis yvelam

gansxvavebuli kombinaciebi SemogvTavaza: mag. amerikelma xorblisferi kani Savi TmebiTa da mwvane TvalebiT, koreelma vercxlisferi Tma da cisferi TvalebiT da a.S. (detalurad ar CavuRmavdebi TiToeul maTgans).

idealuri mamakacis Zebnis procesi SedarebiT ufro advili aRmoCnda, radgan, ZiriTadad, yvela maTganma navarjiSevi sxeuli, kargi aRnagoba da, rogorc Cvenma Turqma megobarma Tqva, ,,mamakacuroba“ moiTxova. dakonkreteba mxolod Tmisa da Tvalis ferze moxda.

kidev erTi saintereso detali, rac gamoikveTa, aRmoCnda is, rom _ yvela maTgani mamakacTa mimarT naklebad ,,pretenziuli“ da kategoriuli iyo. Tumca, am Sefasebisas erT mniSvnelovan movlenas gadavawydi, romelic dResdRobiT ase aqtualuria msoflioSi _ ormagi standarti, diax.

aris Tu ara es seqsizmi? faqti aSkaraa, rom mamakacebis mimarT damokidebuleba Secvlili iyo, ufro rbili. es gansakuTrebiT aziel respondentebTan SevamCnieT da roca CavuRrmavdiT, arc SevmcdarvarT _ es damokidebuleba sakmaod gavrcelebulia aRmosavleT aziis qveynebSi, gansakuTrebiT ki _ Soubiznesis varskvlavebTan mimarTebaSi. mag., normaa, rom mamakacma scenaze zeda tansacmlis gareSe icekvos da imReros, xolo qals ,,zedmeti kanis“ gamoCenisasac ki umal kritikis qar-cecxlSi gaatareben. dasanania, radganac es imaze metyvelebs, rom sazogadoebis garkveuli nawili jer kidev ar udgeba Tanabrad orive sqesis warmomadgenels.

indoeli, koreeli, Cineli da iaponeli respondentebi ufro metad TavianTi kulturisken gadaixarnen da amerikeli holivudis varskvlavebi mxolod meore etapze axsenes. aRmosavleT aziel mamakacebs ar aqvT ,,basri da mkveTri nakvTebi“ iseve, rogorc dasavlelebis piri-saxe, ZiriTadad, patara da mrgvali moyvanilobisaa _ natifi, lamazi loyebiT, Ria kanis feriT. es aRwera gansakuTrebiT esadageba cnobil saxeebs. amis gamo dasavlelebi aRmosavlel mamakacebs ufro feminurebs, qalurebs uwodeben da es xSiradac xdeba dacinvis sagani. saintereso isaa, rom aRmosavleT azielebi, ase vTqvaT, gvian berdebian da didxans inarCuneben axalgazrdobas (es aseve sakmaod efeqturi da xarisxiani aziuri silamazis produqtebis damsaxurebacaa _


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isini uvlian sakuTar Tavs). amasTan, ar unda dagvaviwydes maTi eTnikuri warmomavloba da geografia, _ maTi klimati SedarebiT sxvaa da, aseve, monRoloidi da avstraloidi tomebis STamomavlebi arian. axalgazrdebs, ra Tqma unda, ufro saTuTi gamometyveleba aqvT. amis gamo iSviaTad ar xdeba, rom aseTi SedarebiT natifi da ,,naklebad mamakacuri“ nakvTebis gamo, sruliad usamarTlod akraven maT ,,homoseqsualistebis“ kliSeebs, roca sinamdvileSi es ase ar aris (swrafi gansja, samwuxarod, kacobriobis gamousworebeli naklicaa).

ra Tqma unda, dasavlelebma upiratesoba mianiWes ,,ufro mamakacur“ saxis nakvTebs. rogorc Cans, kavkasiuri da evropuli standarti, amerikul qeraTmianobasTan erTad, jer kidev popularulia bevrgan. es imitom, rom am bolo ori wlis ganmavlobaSi msoflio moicva koreulma da aRmosavleT aziurma kulturam da silamazis standartma, rac, ZiriTadad, koreulma serialebma da pop-jgufebis popularobam ganapiroba. msoflios axalgazrdaTa TiTqmis naxevari swored maT miiCnevs silamazis etalonad. roca Cvens respondentebs vTxoveT, rom konkretuli pirovneba daesaxelebinaT, romelic maTi idealuri mamakacis moTxovnilebebs akmayofilebda, 60%-ma swored aRmosavleT aziis sami wamyvani qveynis popularuli momRerlebi da msaxiobebi daasaxela misabaZ da idealuri mamakacuri sxeulis mqoned. mTlianobaSi ki gamoCnda, rom silamazis standartebi gansxvavebulia yvela kulturaSi da isini Seesabamebian im Camoyalibebul kriteriumebs, romlebic maT qveyanaSia gavrcelebuli. Sefardeba ganxvavebebs Soris ki, ZiriTadad, 50-50-zea. am SemTxvevaSic, rogorc zemoT vaxseneT, es iyo gansxvaveba aRosavlur da dasavlur kulturebs Soris. idealis cnebaze gavlenas, piradi interesebis garda, konkretuli regioni, georafiuli mdebareoba da zogadi fsiqologiac axdens (rogorc Cvenma amerikelma megobarma axsena _ los-anjelesis im regionSi, sadac TviTon cxovrobda, bevri fiqrobda masaviT), es aris erTi didi, kompleqsuri da metad saintereso sistema, sadac yvela detali, TiToeuli punqti erTmaneTTanaa kavSirSi da erTmaneTzea damokidebuli.

isic ar unda dagvaviwydes, rom silamazis

standarti drosTan da sivrcesTan erTad icvleba _ is, rac guSin iyo lamazi, dRes uSno da dasacinic ki SeiZleba iyos da piriqiT _ Cveni trendi xvalisTvis modidan gadava.

paleoliTis xanis adamianebisTvis, romlebic ulamazes nayofierebis qalRmerTebs, didmkerda da didTeZoian „venusebs“ Zerwavdnen spilos Zvlisa da kirqvisgan, albaT, naklebad moewonebodaT dRevandeli top-modelebi _ qali unda yofiliyo sicocxlis gamgrZelebeli, upirveles yovlisa. dRes ki qals sazogadoebaSi aqtiuri socialuri da inteleqtualuri roli uWiravs

rogorc vxedavT, silamazesTan erTad Rirebulebebmac ganicades cvlileba. cvlileba da ganviTareba drois Tamndevi, aucilebeli kriteriumia. sakiTxavi isaa, Tu ra unda Seicvalos da rogor da raze iqneba es cvlileba damokidebuli.

dasasruls ki bevri vifiqre, Tu piradad me romel ideals vemxrobodi da bolos davaskveni, rom miuxedavad garkveuli upiratesobebisa, rTulia idavo, romelia marTali - orive mxare Taviseburad marTalic da ucnauricaa. bolos da bolos naTqvamia, rom gemovnebaze ar davobeno; yvela adamians aqvs ufleba, Tavisuflad gamoxatos Tavisi azri miseuli silamazis Sesaxeb, oRond pativiscemisa da zrdilobis farglebSi ise, rom sxvis azrs ar miayenos Seuracxyofa. es xom subieqturia da silamaze iseTi ramaa, rom ranairic ar unda iyos igi, Tundac CvenTvis sasacilo, sxvisTvis is wminda da Rirebulia. da Cven unda gvjerodes misi, radgan siyvarulTan da sikeTesTan erTad _ ,,silamaze gadaarCens am samyaros“, rogorc dostoevskim Tqva. samyaro ki mSvenieria da unda vecadoT, rom davtkbeT misiT.

maradiul silamazes gisurvebT!

proeqtze muSaobda:

eTer farCukiZe

II kursis studenti

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7 gv.

,,qarTuli Teatris enciklopedia~gagrZeleba. ix. wina nomrebi (#5_#10,2017; #1_#10, 2018; #1-#8 2019)

andriaSvili akaki kiriles Ze (4. XI. 1904, yvareli, s. axalsofeli _ 27.V.1992, Tbilisi) _ kompozitori da folkloristi. saq. xel. dams. moR. (1953).

1933 daamTavra Tsk (prof. s. barxudarianis sakompozicio kl.), 1937 _ aspirantura (p. riazanovis xelmZRvanelobiT) da Seudga pedagogiursa da SemoqmedebiT moRvaweobas. 1931 _ 34 iyo senakis

mus. skolis gamge, 1935 _ 40 _ quTaisis mus. saswavleblis pedagogi, 1937 _ 49 Tsk pedagogi, 1956 _ 65 Tbil. kultsaganmanTleblo sasw. sagundo-sadiriJoro gany. gamge, 1961 _ 71 _ siRnaRis mus. saswavleblis direqtori.

a. avtoria 2 simfoniisa (1933, 1937) da 8 operisa, maT Soris Tbilisis saopero TeatrSi daidga: `kako yaCaRi“ i. WavWavaZis mixedviT (prem. 19. IX. 1940, reJ. g. Juruli); komikuri opera „laSqara“, 16. III. 1949, reJ. al. wuwunava), sabavSvo opera `CxikvTa qorwili“ vaJa-fSavelas mixedviT (14. XI. 1943, reJ. g. gelovani) da `zvavi“ (29. XII. 1960, m. mrevliSvilis amave saxelwodebis piesis mixedviT, reJ. g. gaCeCilaZe).

a-s ekuTvnis agreTve operebi: `nana“ (1942), òTaraanT qvrivi“ (1951), `megobrebi“ (1954), `gandegili“ (1971, i. WavWavaZis mixedviT).

dramatuli TeatrebisTvisac dauweria musika. 1928 _ 35 ase daidga quTaisis muSa-axalgazrdobis TeatrSi reJ. S. managaZis speqtaklebi: i. mikitenkos `Cveni qveynis qaliSvilebi“ da korneiCukis ̀ eskadris daRupva“, v. Skvarkinis ̀ nabiWvari“ (reJ. v. murRulia) da a.S. 1944 sxva kompozitorebTan (z. faliaSvili, a. balanCivaZe, a. serovi, g. kilaZe, d. arayiSvili, m. balanCivaZe) erTad misi musika gamoyenebul iqna s. doliZisa da d. rondelis filmSi `jurRais fari“, romelsac saxelmw. premia mieniWa.

calke aRniSvnis Rirsia, rom a. Tanaavtoria z. faliaSvilis opera `latavras“ redaqtirebisa, d. ToraZis operis `mTebis Zaxilis“ libretosi (1946) da samecniero naSromisa _ `qarTuli xalxuri

simRerebi~ (Tb., 1971). lit.: d o n a Z e l., komp. a. adnriaSvilis

opera `kako yaCaRi~, J. `sx~, 1940, #10; x u W u a p., `kako yaCaRi~, g. `kom.~, 24. X. 1940; d o n a Z e l., `laSqara~ (a. andriaSvilis axali opera), g. `kom.~, 8. IV. 1949; b a x t a Z e m., `laSqara~ (Tbilisis operisa da baletis Teatris premiera), g. `lit. da xel.~, 24. IV. 1949; j a n e l i Z e d., diadi magaliTis maCvenebeli speqtakli, g. `kom.~, 28. IV. 1951; x u W u a p., `CxikvTa qorwili~ (axali qarTuli sabavSvo opera), g. `norCi lenineli~, 12. III. 1954; e g a Z e o., axali opera `zvavi~, g. ,,soflis cxovreba~, 11. I. 1961; `qse”, Tb. 1975, t. 1; a b a S i Z e m., akaki andriaSvili, g. `samSoblo~, 1975, # 13 (ivlisi); b u x n i k a S v i l i g., Teatraluri quTaisi, Tb., 1976; enc. `saq-lo~, Tb., 1997, t. 1; К а к у л и я Л., Ч к о н и я С., Композиторы и музыковеды Грузии, Тб.,

1984; k v i r i k a Z e T., ukanaskneli mohikani (Cveni rekviemi _ akaki andriaSvilis xsovnas), g. `musika~, 11. VII. 1992; enc. `saq-lo”, Tb., 1997, t. 1; musikis enciklopediuri leqsikoni, Tb., 2005; a b r a x a m i a S., siyvaruli _ musikisa da terentisadmi, J. `musika~, 2014, #1; qarTuli musikis enciklopediuro leqsikoni, Tb., 2015; k a S m a Z e S., Tbilisis operisa da baletis Teatri, meore nawili (1921 _ 1951), gamocema meore (2015); i m e d a S v i l i i. qarTvel moRvaweTa leqsikoni, Tb., t. 1, 2018.

g. d.

aptalidi iango isaakis Ze (4. I. 1895, quTaisi, _ 16. II. 1978, WiaTura) _ berZnuli warmoSobis msaxiobi da reJisori.

aranairi specialuri ganaTleba, miTumetes _ umaRlesi, ar miuRia, magram bedma imdenad gauRima, rom 16 wlisa quTaisis TeatrSi miiwvies da im speqtaklebSi monawileobda, romlebSic l. mesxiSvili, nuca CxeiZe Tu g. aradeli-iSxneli da

sxva cnobili ostatebi mT. rolebs asrulebdnen _ amaze ukeTes ùniversitets“ ki verc inatrebda Teatrze uzomod Seyvareuli Wabuki.

es is droa, roca quTaisis Teatrma, romelsac qalaqis dram. sazogadoeba marTavda, TvalsaCino warmatebebs miaRwia SemoqmedebiTi TvalsazrisiT. am warmatebas saTave daudo mixeil qorelma, romelic baqoSi pedagogiur moRvaweobas eweoda, magram swored quTaisis dram. sazogadoebam gamoiCina iniciativa da reJisorad moiwvia, rogorc ̀ kaci friad ganswavluli, umaRlesi codniT aRWurvili da didi gemovnebis reJisori“ (S. dadiani). metad mniSvnelovania nuca CxeiZiseuli daxasiaTebac _ reJisori m. qoreli samxatvro Teatris Tayvanismcemeli iyo. igi scenur ansambls aqcevda mTavar yuradRebas da ara mxolod pirvelxarisxovan msaxiobebs, rogorc aqamde iyoo...

ase ganaxorciela Tavisi pirveli mokrZalebuli rolebi a-dim 1910 _ 14:

inoza (m. lengielis `taifuni“), akaloSkini (gorkis ùkanasknelni“), gimnazieli (n. SiukavSilis `simaxinje“), stumari Soruxi (e. Cirikovis èbraelebi“), pieri (denerisa da kormonis òri oboli~), vaxtangi (a. cagarlis `qarTveli deda“), dobCinski (gogolis `revizori“), erekle, beso (sumbaTaSvil-iuJinis `laRati“) da sxv. Teatris saxelmwifo muzeumSi dacul CanawerebSi, a-di Tavis reJisorebad madlierebiT igonebs: m. qorels, al. wuwunavas, v. SiukaSvils, S. dadians, v. uruSaZes, v. barvels.

scenaze sakmaod moRonierebulma a-dim gadawyvita reJisorul moRvaweobaze gadasvla da jer tyibulSi, saCxeresa da wiTelwyaros klubebSi mosinja Tavisi Zalebi, Semdeg ki, 20-iani wlebidan sabolood damkvidrda WiaTuraSi, sadac gaatara mTeli Tavisi


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xangrZlivi cxovreba. misi meuRle iyo WiaTuris Teatris cnobili msaxiobi, saq. sax. art. _ valentina svaneli (lakvexeliani).

1923 WiaTuraSi Camoayaliba muSaTa dramwre, magram aq igulisxmebian ara zogadad muSebi, aramed mxolod is mtvirTavebi, romlebic WiaTuris Saxtebs emsaxurebodnen ronodis (anu vagonis) datvirTvaSi, amitomac, ar unda gagvikvirdes, Jur. `Teatri da cxovreba“ rogor warudgens mkiTxvels am Teatralur dass: `WiaTuris ronodis mtvirTav muSaTa dramatuli wre“ (#5, 1925).

wreSi 50-mde gulanTebuli scenismoyavre iyo gaerTianebuli. pirveli speqtakli 18.XII.1923 gaiTamaSes da mas Semdeg samSabaTi dawesda warmodgenis dRed, rogorc presa miuTiTebda, akademiur TeatrSi. aqve arsebobda cnobili lotbaris, sandro kavsaZis momReralTa gundi da sasule orkestric ilia qarselaZis xelmZRvanelobiT. yovelive amis Semdeg unda virwmunoT Jurnalis mtkiceba, rom dramwre didi mowonebiT sargeblobda mayurebelSi.

1927 wlis zafxulSi a-dim TbilisSi sagastrolod Camoiyvana Tavisi axali dasi, Tanamedrove gagebiT, saestrado ansambli, rasac umal miesalma presa `lurj-xalaTelTa koleqtivis _ `maRaroelis“ gastrolebi (gaz. `kom.“, 13. VIII. 1927), kerZod, iTqva, rom `maRaroeli“, romelic Sedgeba mtvirTav da maRaros muSebisgan, didi warmatebiT atarebs Tavis warmodgenebs da misi gamosvlebi Zalian moswons Cvens muSaTa auditorias. miuxedavad imisa, rom koleqtivSi ar arian profesionali msaxiobebi... isini... daxelovnebuli Teatralebis STabeWdilebas stoveben“. isic mieTiTa xazgasmiT, rom ̀ maRaroelis“ repertuarSi sWarbobs Tanamedrove satira, rom yvelaferi kargadaa damuSavebuli musikalurad lotbar s. kavsaZis mier; CamoTvlilia saukeTeso nomrebic (`Cistka“, `gamflangveli“, `wertili“), dasaxelebulia kargi TamaSiTa da simReriT gamorCeuli axalgazrdebi (i. vaSaZe, e. feraZe, gr. SatberaSvili).

30-ian wlebSi a-dim axali feri Semata Tavis nayofier moRvaweobas _ 1936 berZnul skolasa da

sabavSvo baRTan daaarsa berZnuli dramwre, romelSic gaaerTiana 16 qal-vaJi. pirvelive wels warmoadgina 5 piesa. am piesebiT mas baTumis berZnuli Teatri amaragebda. aqve Camoayaliba qarTuli dramwrec da sistematurad marTavda speqtaklebs, emsaxureboda maRaroelTa klubebs, al. imedaSvilic ki moiwvia da gaiTamaSes i. gedevaniSvilis `msxverpli“, romelSic mT. roli (gigo) al. imedaSvilma Seasrula, Tavad ki – boqauli.

lit.: WiaTuris ronodis mtvirTav muSaTa dramatuli wre da gundis nawili, J. `T. da cx.“, 1925, #5, lurj-xalaTelTa koleqtivis _ `maRaroelis“ gastrolebi, g. `kom.“, 13. VIII. 1927; i m e d a S v i l i i., qarTvel moRvaweTa leqsikoni, Tb., 2018, t. 1.

g. d.

arseniZe Temur (Teimuraz) abesalomis-Ze (11.VIII. 1947, tyibuli _ 1. V. 2017, quTaisi) _ Teatraluri mxatvari. saq. dams. mxatv. (1990), Rirsebis ordenis kavaleri (1999).

1962-66 _ swavlobda quTaisis g. maisuraZis sax. samxatvro skolaSi, 1966_1971 _ Tssa d e k or at i ul - g a m o y e n e b i T i fakultetze, tansacmlis

mxatvruli modelirebis specialobiT. 1972_91 wlebSi muSaobda quTaisis m. balanCivaZis sax. obT-Si mxatvar-Semsrulebelad, 1991 wlidan sicocxlis bolomde (2017) iyo am Teatris mT. mxatvari. a. mxatvaria ramdenime aTeuli saopero da sabaleto speqtaklisa, romelTa Soris msoflio da erovnuli musikaluri klasikis araerTi TvalsaCino nimuSia (operebi: r. leonkavalos `jambazebi~ (1978, reJ. v. nikolaZe); o. TaqTaqiSvilis `mindia~ (1978, reJ. g. gaCeCilaZe); z. faliaSvilis `daisi~ (dadgma I _ 1979, reJ. m. kiknaZe, II _ 1986, reJ. z. anjafariZe); `abesalom da eTeri~ (dadgma I _ 1980, reJ. v. tabliaSvili, II _ 1989, reJ. v. nikolaZe); j. verdis `trubadurebi~ (1981, reJ. g. TumaniSvili);

fotosuraTi gadaRebulia 17. IV. 1924, roca dasma warmoadgina (ufasod, rogorc xazgasmulia presis informaciaSi) a. cagarlis `qarTveli deda“. wina or rigSi speqtaklis monawileni, mesame rigSi ki, SuaSi, rigiT

meeqvse dganan: TviT a., misgan marjvniv _ lotbari s. kavsaZe da sxv.

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gardatexis periodis qarTulma kinom erTgvari zRvari gaavlo socrealistur sinamdvilesa da mxatvruli kinos pirobiTobas Soris. garda im dramaturgiuli cvlilebebisa, rac 60-ianelebma moitanes qarTul ekranze, gaCnda niSa, erovnuli kinos kuTvnili adgili, sadac sruliad Seicvala esTetika, daibada sacnobi xelwera, individualizmi da miuxedavad imisa, rom reJisorTa axali Taoba _ oTar ioseliani, merab kokoCaSvili, rezo CxeiZe, Tengiz abulaZe da mravali sxva avtori, erTian, cvlilebebiT aRsavse process qmnidnen. am Taobis avangardma, cenzuruli CarCoebis SesustebasTan erTad, Secvala kinos esTetikac saqarTveloSi. ,,sxvisi Svilebis“ da ,,magdanas lurjas“ Semdeg, sinamdvile ganzogadda - gacxadda da TandaTan, paralelurad Seiqmna meore - pirobiTi sivrcec, sadac igavi, metafora, alegoria damkvidrda.

aseT mravalferovnebaSi, 60-ianelTa Taobis erT-erTi yvelaze saintereso avtori, eldar Sengelaia, ramdenime studenturi da sxva namuSevris Semdeg, qmnis cnobil igavebs ,,araCveulebrivi gamofena“ (1968) da ,,Serekilebi“ (1974). am filmebis mier motanili pirobiToba, marTlac rom axali esTetikaa _ gansxvavebuli da zRaparTan miaxloebuli, sadac erTi patara qalaqi da erTi xelovanis ambavi, an erTi mecnierisa da Wabukis zRapari, uCveulod alegoriul garemoSi viTardeba.

,,araCveulebrivi gamofena“ aseve igavia, Tumca is ar gviCvenebs raime gamorCeul, realisturi esTetikiT aRsavse sinamdviles. ambavi da adamianebi, romelTac vxedavT ekranze, sinadvilidan motanili detalebiT, mignebebiT xasiaTdebian da amasTanave, ar Sordebian cxovrebiseul gancdebs. patara qalaqis cxovrebis ambavi, iwyeba da mTavrdeba iq, sadac yvelaferi, yoveli detali mniSvnelovania da gviambobs urTierTobebis simartiveebsa da sirTuleebze.

esTetikuri minimalizmi filmSi imdenad qmediTunariania, rom is aRaraviTar mkveTr ,,Carevas“ aRar Txoulobs. aguli erisTavi da misi mama pipinia erisTavi am esTetikaSi ,,Cakarguli“, yofaSi Cafluli ori gmiria.

60-70-iani wlebis qarTuli kinos esTetika

eldar Sengelaias ,,araCveulebrivi gamofena“ da ,,Serekilebi“ mixedviT

meocnebe axalgazrda kaci, romelic miCveulia maqsimalistur xedvas sakuTari momavlisa, xelovanidan, Cveulebriv adamianad da ojaxze mzrunvel xelosnad iqca. aguli, savaraudod, arc gaxdeboda didi da gamorCeuli moqandake, romelsac didma tragediam an sxva ramem SeuSala xeli, adamiani, romelic daikarga drois materialur moTxovnilebebSi, Tumca misi maradiuli ocneba _ ,,me amisagan gavakeTeb...“ albaT SeiZleboda sxvagvarad damTavrebuliyo. eldar Sengelaia da dramaturgi revaz gabriaZe qmnian sxvagvar samyaros _ ,,damiwebuls“, sasacilos, Tbili da keTili amave dros, TiTqmis arasworad mcxovrebi adamianebis Sesaxeb. iqneb es samyaroc ,,arasworia“, Tavisi patara qalaqis cxovrebiT?

patara qalaqi nacnobia da am siaxloves, sul odnav sWirdeba gafrTxileba - qalaqis xedebi, aivnebi da riyis qvebi, romlebic mudmivad xvdeba kadrSi, agulisa da pipinias gagrZeleba, maTi nawilia. aguli da pipinia erisTavebi ki patara qalaqSi ganagrZoben cxovrebas, maTi sicocxle savsea martivi gancdebiTa da survilebiT. avtori aRar eZebs gmirs, romelic meomari da yovlismZleveli iqneba. gamofena Ramis sasaflaoze, _ improvizebuli gamofena, sruliad sakmarisia imis saCveneblad, rom gmirebi im standartiT, romelic warsulis kinom Seqmna, aRar arseboben da arc maTi esTetikaa misaRebi yovelTvis.

groteski - xerxi, romelic yvela detalSi Cndeba, didi datvirTvis matarebelia Sengelaias filmebSi da gansakuTrebiT „araCveulebriv gamofenaSi“. groteskulia agulis samyaro - saxli, saxelosno. ojaxi gaizarda da Sesabamisad saWiroa saflavis qvebic, romelTa SekveTebic xandaxan saocar Sedegs gviCvenebs xolme. yoveli am namuSevarTagani axlosaa agulisTan „raRaciT“ _ gaugebrobebiT, nacnobobiT, konfliqtebiT da amiT, bolomde dasamardeba misi poeturi warmosaxva, gaigivebuli saocnebo masalasTan _ qvasTan, romlisganac avtorebi daundoblad qmnian ocnebis sagans _ kvlav ,,me amisgan gavakeTeb!“...


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,,Serekilebi“ esTetikuri kliSeebisgan Sors mdgari filmia _ namuSevari, sadac mayureblis Tvalwin ibadebian mouxeSavi, gulubryvilo gmirebi, mwiri StrixebiT da samagierod, damaxasiaTebeli detalebiT _bafTebiT, saTamaSo orTqlmavlebis msgavsi ,,transportiT“ da poeturi caTamfreniT.

erT dRes, adamianebs mobezrdaT miwaze myarad dgoma da gadawyvites, cad afreniliyvnen, gaqceuliyvnen _ Tumca es utopia, igivea, rac poeturi igavi, mainc misi xibli da pirobiToba dRemde inarCunebs mxatvrul mTlianobas.

,,Serekilebis“ esTetika gansxvavebulia _ is metaforuli da zRapruli pirobiTobiTaa mowodebuli. mayurebelic bunebrivad mihyveba am Txrobas _ iolsac da absurdulsac Tavisi uSualo warmosaxviT. mayurebeli ar ambobs uars, Tavadac ifiqros am sinamdvileSi arsebul zRaparze _ mas surs Tanamonawileoba. yvelafers, rasac vxedavT, martivad da pirobiTad gaazrebuli unda vuwodoT _ patara qalaqi, saxlebi, saTamaSosaviT morTuli interierebi da iolad aRsaqmeli vnebebi. am

esTetikur kanonzomierebas ,,SerekilebSi“ araferi ar arRvevs. TviT finalic ki, sadac ori idealisti, meocnebe, mawanwala (rac gnebavT vuwodoT maT), ubralod gaqrebian - TavianTi ucnauri zRapruli caTamfreniT gadaufrenen dedamiwas da usasrulobaSi gaemgzavrebian. albaT es meocnebeoba karnaxobda 60-70-iani wlebis qarTul kinos yvela esTetikur cvlilebas, rac masSi moxda da risTvisac dauRalavad ibrZola am periodis qarTulma kinom. Tumca, am gzazec imdenad gansxvavebuli da axalia yoveli avtoris individualizmi, rom cal-calke SeiZleba yoveli namuSevris Sesaxeb esTetikur WrilSi saubari.

esTetika da misi nawili, sruliad Seicvala qarTul filmebSi 60-70-ian wlebSi ise, rom arc ki datova kvali socialisturi ideologiis deklarirebuli samyarosTvis.

avTandil gvasalia,

IV kursis studenti

es kiTxva iseTive bunebrivia avtoris cxovrebaSi, rogoric nebismieri Tqvenganis yavis rutina diliT an megobrebTan erTad gatarebuli SabaTis saRamoebi.

geTanxmebi, uxeSi da cotac Tavxeduria Cemi dRevandeli blogis dasawyisi. dasawyisi, pirveli nabijis gadadgma iseve, rogorc pirveli winadadebis azrobrivad gamarTva - arasdros aris advili. metic, dRes gadavwyvite, SenobiT mogmarTo da yvelaze nacnob SegrZnebaze gelaparako, romelic TiTqos ucnobi gaxda an tabu adevs Sens cxovrebaSi.

xSirad da moubezreblad vuyureb pedro almodovaris filmebs. is dRec maxsovs, rodesac pirvelad veziare mis kinematografiul enas filmiT „esaubre mas“. „gulwrfelia!“ _ es iyo pirveli STabeWdileba, romelic albaT iSviaTad mimiRia sxva kinoreJisorebis namuSevrebisgan.

rTulia, iyo 21-e saukunis ritms ayolili da imavdroulad - gulwrfelic. rTulia arCevanis gakeTeba or ukiduresobas Soris: sZulde iseTi, rogoric xar Tu

riT daviwyo?

uyvarde iseTi, rogoric ar xar? es is SemTxvevaa, rodesac oqros Sualedis povna TiTqmis SeuZlebelia, dilema _ mtkivneuli. winaswar ver gansazRvrav, romeli ukiduresoba iqneba Seni sworad gadadgmuli nabiji, dinebis mimarTulebiT gadawyvet curvas Tu mis sawinaaRmdegod... magram aqac Sedegze fiqrob da masze xar orientirebuli.

Zalian gvian vacnobierebT, rom bedniereba „wuTis measedebSia“.

rac unda gasakviri iyos, yvelaze banaluri arabanalur Temebze saubari gaxda. Tavis damkvidrebas yvela sakuTari, winaswar Sedgenili doqtriniTa da gawerili wesebiT cdilobs. socialuri statusis Seqmnis Teoria zogadi marketingis „pirveli klasia“. Tanamedrove sazogadoeba xom pragmatulobiT xasiaTdeba. prestiJis an materialuri keTildReobisken dauokebeli swrafva, zog SemTxvevaSi, gaucnobiereblad, sakuTari Tavis uaryofis maprovocirebeli qmedeba xdeba. ufro Tu CavuRrmavdebiT, mivalT terminamde: „adamianis gaucxoeba“, moCvenebiToba da

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siyalbe, Tavis gayidva da statusis yidva. SesaZlebelia, am SemTxvevas araformaluri filosofiuri marketingic ki vuwodoT: Cven detalurad vswavlobT, risi moTxovnaa „bazarze“ da imis mixedviT vgegmavT sakuTar cxovrebas _ saiT wavideT? ra iqneba CvenTvis produqtiuli zemoT xsenebuli wesebisa da doqtrinebis gaTvaliswinebiT? TiTqos yvelaferi rigzea, da saerTodac, ar JRers es yvelaferi negatiurad da arc problema Cans. problema ki „moTxovnaSia“, radgan pirvel planze misi gadmoweviT uarvyofT moTxovnilebas, amiT ki sakuTar cnobiers vblokavT. aris iq Cveni adgili, sadac statusis SeZena gviwevs? da Tu aris, ratom vyidulobT prestiJs?

endis saintereso, yvelasTvis cnobili istoria maxsendeba bestseleris - „eSmaki atarebs pradas“ _ ekranizaciidan, sadac niu-iorkSi Casuli gogona karierul ganviTarebaze ocnebobs. SemTxveviT moxvdeba modis yvelaze glamurul JurnalSi da sakmaod warmatebulad auwyobs fexs axali cxovrebis ucnaur ritms. gaiazrebs „moTxovnas“ da zogjer gaucnobierebeli bednierebis SegrZnebac ki axrCobs, romelic nel-nela aviwyebs „moTxovnilebas“.

miranda pristlis roli filmSi fenomenalurad genialuria. Zlevamosili

da momTxovni miranda endis momavlis mkveTri vizualizaciaa, es kvanZi ki filmis finalur nawilSi ixsneba, rodesac endi uars ambobs mopovebul statusze da acnobierebs, rom piradi da ojaxuri cxovrebis xarjze gakeTebuli kariera misTvis bednierebis momtani ar iqneboda. man xom yvelaze ukeT gaiazra miranda pristlis realuri buneba da moigo omi sakuTari TavTan, airCia realuri bedniereba, romelic misTvis organuli da komfortuli iyo.

dRes Zalian cota „endi“ Tu Semxvdeba. im azramdec var misuli, rom aracnobieri „aisbergis“ qveda ki ara, zeda nawili mgonia, sxvanairad ver vifiqrebdi adamianis bunebriobisa da organulobis fenomenze, bednierebasa da „bednierebaze“, rom ara raRac sxva Sinagani Zala, romelsac harmoniaSi mohyavxar sakuTar TavTan. rwmena, romelic gauazreblad ginaTebs gonebas. energia, romelic gaviwyebs „rolebs“ da giqmnis sasiamovno auras. migiReben maSin, rodesac sakuTar Tavs miiReb iseTs, rogoric xar da ara iseTs, rogoric ginda, rom iyo. sjobs, vZuldeT organuli, vidre vuyvardeT moCvenebiTi. Sors pirad cxovrebaSi „egomarketingisgan“! bedniereba CvenSia.

daTa aleqseevi

IV kursis studenti

f s iqologii s ga k v e T ilebi grZ eldeba . . .

* * *

dilidan saRamamomde bevr rames vaqcev yuradRebas, bevr rames SevigrZnob da aRviqvam, magram am bevrSi gamoCndeba erTi is konkretuli, romelic mTeli dRe an Tundac mTeli kvira gamyveba da imdenad daileqeba gonebaSi, rom sul masze vfiqrob. am yuradRebis miqcevas moyveba is, rom rodesac CemTvis arasaintereso adamiani arasaintereso Temaze mesaubreba, an CemTvis uintereso leqciaze vzivar _

amjerad Cemi, rogorc fsiqologiis maswavleblis, interess warmoadgenda is, Tu ramdenad SeZles studentebma fsiqologiaSi daswavlili Teoriuli masalis gaTaviseba, fsiqikuri unarebis sakuTar pirovnebaSi aRmoCena. mainteresebda, yoveldRiur cxovrebaSi aqvT Tu ara TviTdamkviderebis unari da masze dayrdnobiT, sakuTar fsiqikur funqciaTa diferencirebis Cveva. amisTvis, mizanSewonilad CavTvale, davalebad mimeca dRiuris dawera, romelSic misi pirovnebisTvis wamyvan adgils misive arCeuli fsiqikuri funqcia an funqciebi daikavebdnen.

fsiqologiis pedagogi manana maCabeli

yuradReba mefanteba. am dros viwyeb imaze fiqrs, ramac am dilas Cemi receptorebis gaRizianeba gamoiwvia da meCveneba, rom fizikurad CemTvis arasasurvel adgilas vimyofebi. amas Tvalis erT adgilas gaSeSebac miemateba da gonebrivad swored iq, an imasTan mivdivar, ramac an vinc dRes, am konkretul momentamde Cemi yuradReba miiqcia.

pirobiTad aviRoT Cemi dRevandeli dRe, 2019 wlis 28 oqtomberi. dilas, rogorc


11


10 gv.

yovelTvis, Cemi receptorebis gaRizianeba gamoiwvia baRSi mimavali Cemi ZmiSvilis sabavSvo simRerebma, romelTa melodiebic ukve 2 welia maRviZeben da romlebsac uneblieT gulSi vRiRineb xolme garkveuli drois ganmavlobaSi. Semdegi SegrZneba, romelic CemTvis piradad ara marto saukeTeso, aramed aucilebelicaa dRis dasawyebad, anu Cems gamosaRviZeblad da gamosafxizleblad, anu raTa sxva danarCen movlenebze koncentrireba gavagrZelo _ yavisa da sigaretis sinTezia. msiamovnebs, roca 2-2-ze yavis simware igrZnoba da mas Saqris tkbili gemo dahkravs... yavas daemateba nikotinic da organizmic TandaTan iRviZebs. organizmi SeigrZnobs im nacnob tkbil-mware gemos, romelic imdenad aRizianebs enas, da Semdeg mTlianad Cems sxeuls, rom TiTqos axlidan iRviZebo _ azrze movdivar.

gamovdivar saxlidan, Camovuyvebi CemTvis nacnob quCebs da aqeT-iqiT Tvalebis cecebas viwyeb. vaTvaliereb imas, rasac ukve 17 welia vuyureb. vici, rom aucileblad aRmovaCen iseT detals, razedac aqamde yuradReba ar gamimaxvilebia. amaze fiqrSi gadis droc... magram dRes axali araferi minaxavs... Zveli vnaxe, is Zveli, romelic warsulSi davtove da aRar minda, rom awmyod iqces da miT umetes _ momavlSi gadamyves. maRaziaSi Sevdivar sigaretis sayidlad. daaxloebiT dilis 09:44 iqneboda, magram ara umetes 09:50. mxvdeba Cemze ufrosi adamiani, Cemi nacnobi, romelic, wesiT, cxovrebis im etapze unda iyos ukve, Cemgan gakicxva da, miT umetes, Wkuis swavla ar unda sWirdebodes, magram asea da ras vizamT...

yvelaze cudi ra aris, ici? ai, zustad rom vici, dilidan ras grZnobs es adamiani, zustad rom vici, tvini aqvs „gaxsnili“, zustad rom vici, im detalebs amCnevs irgvliv, romelsac verc me da veravin SeamCnevs, vinc misnairad imwuTas ar aris da isic zustad, rom vici - im erTi nafazis SegrZnebas da misi gemos aRqmasac ra mohyveba.

es yvelaferi CemTvis im moZraobis msgavsia, erTi nabijiT win rom miiwev da oriT _ ukan brundebi. ho, im momentSi eiforiis SegrZneba geufleba da imdenad gamZafrebuli da amuSavebulia SenSi sxvadasxva mgrZnobelobiTi receptorebic, rom ggonia... ara, ki ar ggonia, darwmunebuli xar _ sul yvelaferi ici da araferi grCeba yuradRebis miRma. da Tu gamofxizldebi da fxizeli TvaliTac Sexedav samyaros, ai maSin mixvdebi, rom es damokidebuleba bevr

rames giklavs cxovrebaSi da yvelafris aRqmis unars gakargvinebs. imasac acnobiereb, rom „mis“ gareSe da amas Cemi azriTa da gamocdilebiT vambob _ „xelovnuri SegrZneba“ hqvia.

Zaan gamewela saubari. albaT, viRacas daainteresebda, ra SuaSia es yvelaferi yuradRebasTan da ra akavSirebs mas im detalebTan, rac zemoT miweria. axlave ganvmartav yvelafers: dResac Cemdauneburad aRmovCndi iseT garemoSi, sadac, Cemze rom yofliyo damokidebuli, ar movxvdebodi. rogor, ranairad... magram, moxda ase. vgrZnobdi, rom Sinaganad, mTeli Cemi yuradReba im adamianze mqonda mimarTuli dilas rom vnaxe, SemTxveviT... Tan, vamayobdi sakuTari TaviT... meamayeboda, rom Tavi davaRwie da gamovedi iqidan, saidanac unda gamovsuliyavi... vfiqrobdi: me xom aRar vcxovrob „xelovnuri SegrZnebebiT“, me xom namdvil gemos vusinjav cxovrebas da bolos da bolos yvelafers sinamdvileSi SevigrZob...

sainteresoa, netav rodis mivxvdi, rom „is“ dRis mTavari aRmoCena iyo? an, rogor gaxda „is adamiani“ „imad“, vinc Cemi yuradReba ase Zalian miipyro?

da ai, Cemi pasuxic Cemive dasmul SekiTxvaze: me xom dRes iqac mivedi iq, sadac mixaroda. me xom dRes iqac aRmovCndi, visTanac Tavs kargad da bednierad vgrZnobdi. da marTalia, „masze“ fiqri mTeli dRis ganmavlobaSi ar momSorebia, mainc mixaria da, vamayob, rom gaveSvi... mere ra, Tu cota nostalgiac Seomawva im SegrZnebebis mimarT, razec uari vTqvi.

imedia, es SegrZneba, es yuradReba Tu mTeli Cemi es Sejameba sakuTari Tavis winaSe ukve Cavlili dRis mTavari movlenebis irgvliv, da Cemi amwuTieri aRqmac gamyveba mTeli cxovreba... da Tu raime iseTs davapireb, rac „Cemi saqme ar aris“ da Cemi gonebac Rrmad daiwyebs qeqvas da, im da kidev bevr nacnobs amoagdebs gonebaSi, romelTa msgavsic ar minda viyo da Cemi yuradRebac cudisken wava _ uars vityvi.

I kursis studenti

12


7 gv.

statiebis avtorebi:

g. d. – gogi doliZe – xelovnebaTmcodneobis mecnierebaTa doqtoriz. T. – zurab Todua, quTaisi

(gagrZeleba Semdeg nomerSi)

gamomcemloba `kentavri~, aRmaSeneblis gamz. 40; tel: 2999 411 (240); www. tafu.edu.ge

S. SveliZis `didostatis marjvena~ (1985, reJ. v. tabliaSvili); b. kvernaZis `medea~ (1991, reJ. al. WiWinaZe); g. donicetis `luCia di lamermuri~, (2000, reJ. n. andRulaZe); s. raxmaninovis àleko~, (2004, reJ. n. lorTqifaniZe) da sxv. baletebi: r. Strausis `cisferi dunai~ (1978, baletmaisteri m. xiTariani); S. gunos ̀ valpurgiis Rame~ (1977, bal-ri i. kapralisi; S. davidovis `zviadauri~ (1986, bal-ri b. monavardisaSvili); s. cincaZis àrdaviwyeba~ (1985) da b. kvernaZis ̀ medea~ (1991 _ orives bal-ri al. WiWinaZe).

metyveli sasceno garemo Seqmna sxva Teatrebis speqtaklebisTvisac.: quTaisis l. mesxiSvilis sax. dram. TeatrSi (p. Senos „iyavi dRegrZeli“, 1987, reJ. g. gabelia), niRbebis TeatrSi (a. lindgrenis „pepi _ grZeli winda“, „karlsoni da biWuna“, o. ioselianis „daCis zRaprebi“, S. peros „wiTelquda„, d. kldiaSvilis „bakulas Rorebi“ _ reJ. d. jiSkariani). mayureblTa da kritikis mowonebas imsaxurebda i. gogebaSvilis sax. quTaisis Tojinebis saxelmw. TeatrSi Seqmnili dekoraciebi (g. imerelis „amo“, 2006, reJ. l. kvataSiZe; l. nucubiZis „Zilisguda“, 2013, reJ. n. lorTqifaniZe da sxv.). a. mWidrod TanamSromlobda imereTis regionul TeatrebTanac (baRdaTi, samtredia, tyibuli).

roca gansxvavebuli saxis, Janris, stilis dramaturgiul masalas irCevda, a-es SeeZlo warmosaxvaSi aramarto `daenaxa~, aramed `moesmina~ speqtakli, srulad aReqva nawarmoebis arsi da Semdeg musikaluri saxeebi gadaeyvana metyvel plastikur formebSi, SeenarCunebina maTSi musikidan momdinare gancdebi da emociuri mRelvareba. amasTan a. yovelTvis icavda sasceno realizmis princips _ scenaze gansaxierebuli xatovani garemo erTdroulad iyo TvalsaCinod konkretulic da Teatris kanonebis Tanaxmad _ sazeimod pirobiTic. `cxovrebiseuli Sesatyvisobisa~ da `pirobiTi Teatris~ principebis sinTezi exmareboda meti sisruliT gaexsna dramaturgiuli nawarmoebis filosofiuri Sinaarsi da mxatvruli Taviseburebebi. musikaluri Tu qoreografiuli speqtaklis specifikidan gamomdinare, a. yovelTvis racionalurad gansazRvravda scenis saTamaSo sivrces, qmnida mas ufro moxerxebuls msaxiobis Tavisufali moZraobisa da moqmedebis gasanviTareblad, maqsimalurad iyenebda ferisa da ganaTebis saswaul SesaZleblobebs, mudmiv eZiebda literaturuli pirvelwyaros Sinaarssa da reJisoris CanafiqrTan TanaJRerad saxviT saSualebebs.

msoflios saopero da sabaleto klasikasTan erTad, a. xSirad mimarTavda nacionalur Tematikasac. xalxis cxovrebis, folkloris, eTnografiis Rrma codna SesaZleblobas aZlevda warmoedgina metyveli da saxasiaTo dekoraciebi da kostiumebi, romlebic gansakuTrebul komponents warmoadgenen saopero Tu sabaleto speqtaklebis mxatvruli saxis Seqmnisas. a-is sasceno kostiumebi aramarto emsaxurebodnen ama Tu im epoqis socialuri garemos, personaJis individualuri Taviseburebis, saxasiaTo niSnebis gamovlinebas, aramed isini, rogorc dekoraciebis Taviseburi rezonatorebi, aZlierebdnen speqtaklebis

saerTo xatovnebis, sazeimo da sanaxaobiTi ieris SegrZnebas. aseTi iyo epoqasTan misadagebuli da daxvewili gemovnebiT Sesrulebuli `luCia di lamermuris~, `rigoletos~, ìolantas~ kostiumebi, erovnuli koloriti, feradovneba axasiaTebda mis namuSevrebs `daisis~, àbesalom da eTeris~ da sxv. speqtaklebisaTvis.

lit.: b a r k o v s k i g., musikisa da plastikis sinTezi, `Молодежь Грузии“, 22. III. 1986; q u T a T e l a Z e r., quTaTurTa xelovnebis Suq-Crdilebi, g. ̀ kom.~, 24.X. 1990; m i s iv e, mxatvrul-zneobrivi gamocda, g. `Tb~, 1. IX. 1994; `vin vinaa Tanamedrove qarTul xelovnebaSi~, Tb., 2000; q u T a T e l a Z e r., quTaisis operaSi `traviatas~ premieraa, g. `rez.~, 10. VII. 2009; T o d u a z., Teatris mxatvari Teimuraz arseniZe, krebulSi – saxviTi xelovnebis qronikebi – 2007, quT., 2009; qarTuli musikis enciklopediuri leqsikoni~, Tb., 2015.

z. T.

eTer TavarTqilaZe – 70

cnobil qarTvel reJisors, mSvenier mandilosansa da xelovans, q-n eTer TavarTqilaZes, romelic namdvilad afxizlebs da alamazebs baTumis Teatralur cxovrebas, sul raRac or kviraSi (16. XII. 2019) dabadebis 70-e wlisTavi usruldeba. samwuxarod, Cveni universitetis

yovelTviuri gazeTi ,,duruji~, romlis yovel nomerSi ukve mesame welia uwyvetad ibeWdeba pirveli qarTuli Teatraluri enciklopediis masalebi, amis Semdeg mxolod Tvis bolos gamova (anu, saaxalwlod). amdenad, winaswarve unda mivulocoT q-n eTer TavarTqilaZes saxelovani 70 wlisTavi da vusurvoT, rom kvlavac aseTi SemarTebiT gaegrZelebinos Tavisi mgznebare SemoqmedebiTi gza. misi pirovnuli xibli, meamboxe suli da xasxasa niWiereba, arasdros ise ar sWirdeboda qarTul Teatralur xelovnebas, rogorc dRes da gvjera, rom Cveni Zvirfasi q-ni eTeri kidev araerTxel agvaforiaqebs misTvis esoden Cveuli novatoruli ZiebebiT.

pirveli qarTuli Teatraluri enciklopediis saredaqcio kolegiis saxeliT

g. doliZe

www. tafu.edu137)_2019.pdf · 2019. 12. 25. · ertproduqtiani dietebi, simsiloba, atasi saxis...

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