wwii - weebly
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WWIIPartII
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WhilethewarwascomingtoanendinEurope,theAlliescontinuedtofighttheJapaneseinthePacific
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*Japanese Attack
*In response to the Japanese invasion of French Indo-China, the U.S. did the following:1. Placed a ban on the sale of scrap
metal to Japan (used to make weapons)
2. Placed an embargo on oil (no oil trade)3. Would not allow the Japanese to
withdraw money from U.S. banks
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*Pearl Harbor
*U.S. Pacific Naval Fleet stationed at Pearl Harbor.*December 7, 1941 – Pearl Harbor attacked. Roosevelt calls
this “a day that will live in infamy.” *U.S. had sent all of its aircraft carriers and most of its
planes to sea. *Japanese disabled 19 ships, destroyed 188 airplanes,
wounded 1,100 and killed 2,400.*U.S. declares war on Japan on December 8, 1941.
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AftertheattackonPearlHarbor,theUSAsenttroopstothePacifictheater
TheturningpointinthewarinthePacificcameattheBattleofMidwayAfterMidway,theAlliesbegantoregainislands
controlledbyJapan
ThePacificwarrevealedanewkindoffightingbyusingaircraftcarriers
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Japandidnotplaybytraditionalrulesinwar
“Kamikaze”pilotsflewplanesintobattleships
&aircraftcarriers
Japanesesoldiersrefusedtosurrender&torturedAlliedprisonersofwar
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TheproblemfortheAllieswasthetime&troops itwouldcosttoretakethethousandsofislandstheJapanese
controlledinthePacificTheU.S.developedanisland-hoppingstrategy
toskiptheheavilydefended islands& seizeislandsclosetoJapan
ThefightforGuadalcanaltook6months&cost25,000Japanese&2,000U.S.lives
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In1945,theAllieswontheislandsofIwoJima&Okinawa
Fromtheseislands,theU.S.beganfirebombing
Japanesecities
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ByMay1945,thewarinEuropewasover&
U.S.beganpreparingforalandinvasionofJapan
DespitelosingcontrolofthePacific&withstandingfirebombattacks,Japanrefusedtosurrender
…But,perhapsalandinvasionwasnotnecessary…
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InJuly1945,theBigThreemetatthe
PotsdamConferencetodiscusstheendofWWII
Trumanlearnedtheatomicbombwasready&issuedthePotsdamDeclarationtoJapan:“surrender
orfacedestruction”
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TheManhattanProject
RobertOppenheimerwasputinchargeofdevelopingthebomb
From1942-1945,anumberofsecretlabsacrossthe
countrydeveloped&builtthebomb
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PhysicistEnricoFermiattheUniversityofChicagodeveloped
thenuclearreactionNuclearplantinHanford,WAdevelopedtheplutonium
ThebombwasconstructedinasecretcityinOakRidge,TN
InJuly1945,thebombwassuccessfullytestedatLosAlamos,NewMexicoduringProjectTrinity
America:StoryofUs:TheManhattanProject
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InApril1945,FDRdied&hisVPHarryTrumanhadtodecidehowtoendthewarinthePacific
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WhenJapanrefusedtosurrender,Trumanorderedthe
bombingofHiroshimaonAugust6,1945
After3 days,Japandidnotsurrendersoa
2nd atomicbombwasdroppedonNagasaki
Afterthesecondatomicbomb,EmperorHirohitoagreedtoasurrender
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WhethertoDroptheAtomicBomb:CriticalThinkingDecisionC
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*The Atomic Bomb
*President Truman decided to drop the bomb in order to save American lives from a land invasion.
*TheManhattanProjectwasthenamegiventothesecretdevelopmentofthebombinlocationssuchasManhattan,NY;OakRidge,TN;andtheNewMexicodesert.*Hiroshima (August 6, 1945): around 70,000 killed instantly; 135,000 final death toll*Nagasaki (August 9, 1945): 40,000 killed instantly; 50,000 final death toll*Victory in Japan (VJ Day): August 15, 1945.
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WorldWarIIwasoverinAugustof1945,butthepeacetreatywassignedonSeptember2,1945onthe
USSMissouri.