wwii dictators
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WWII Dictators. Totalitarian Government. Totalitarianism- Theory of government in which a single party or leader controls the economic, social, and cultural lives of its people. Totalitarian is a 20 th century phenomenon. So no elections are held because the Dictator does - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Totalitarianism- Theory of government in which a single party or leader controls the economic, social, and cultural lives of its people.
Totalitarian is a 20th century phenomenon.
Education and the media(newspapers, radio, film
etc) are strictly controlledby the Government
One person - the ‘Dictator’ -
holds all of the power in the country
So no elections are heldbecause the Dictator does
not allow people to choose who they want to
run their country
Anyone who is considered to be an enemy of the Dictator
and his political party would be persecuted
Only one political party is allowed to exist - the
Dictator is the leader of this party, and the party helps
him to run the country
Dictators rely upon a large, strong and loyal army to help them to maintain their power
What is a
Dictator-
ship?
Suspicious, cruel, ruthless, and tyrannical.
Wanted to transform Soviet Union into an industrial power and formed collective farms. This led to 10 million deaths.
Would purge Communist party of people suspected of being a traitor. Led to 1 million deaths.
Fear and massive propaganda kept Stalin in power.
Leader of Fascist Party
Outlawed political parties, took over the press, created a secret police, organized youth groups to indoctrinate the young, and suppressed strikes.
Opposed liberalism and socialism
born in Austria-early life in Vienna
core of beliefs- anti-Semitic
wrote “Mein Kampf” in jail in 20’s
built Nazi party on dissatisfaction
won over elite and establishment
fear of communists- largest party became chancellor
Total State techniques propaganda masters mass demonstrations rearmament of the military SS control of police using terror based
on Nazi ideology (secret police,camps execution and extermination)
Churches and youth groups under control
GOAL Aryan ???? racial ??? state.
The depression of the 1930s discredited the leaders of Japan.
The Japanese military soon began to control and shape civilian and military policy.
Japan did not become a totalitarian state.
1931 Japan attacked Manchuria.
1937 Japan took control over many Chinese coastal areas and railroad links.
In the capital, Nanjing, Japanese soldiers killed more than 200.000 residents and burned a major part of the city. “Rape of Nanjing)
League of Nations never recovered from America not joining.
League had no standing army and no real power to enforce rules.
When powerful nations began to test the League, they didn’t have any action.
Hitler first focused on rebuilding Germany and nullifying the provisions of Treaty of Versailles.
He later started to expand his territory to expand Germany’s living space. He took Saar from France and sent troops into the Rhineland. The League did not respond.
Italy invaded Ethiopia. The emperor pleaded to League of Nations to stop them, but they did nothing and Ethiopia fell.
France and Britain practiced appeasement- granting allowance to a potential enemy in hope that it will maintain peace.
France and Britain allowed appeasement for several reasons. They did not want to see another WWI Believed Soviets were more of a
threat than Germany Questioned the position of their allies,
especially the U.S
Hitler took advantage of the lack of union between France, Britain and U.S.
He forced Austria into his Reich then took over Sudetenland, w. Czechoslovakia.
At Munich Conference the Sudetenland was sacrificed to Germany.
Munich Pact- Chamberlain told public that that the conference had preserved peace. It only postponed the war for 11 months.