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W.Va. Clean State Program

Clean Cities Program Overview Kelly A. BraggCasey E. RandolphCo-coordinatorskelly.a.bragg@wv.govcasey.e.randolph@wv.gov

November 7, 2012

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Clean Cities

• Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPAct)

• Provides a framework for businesses and government agencies to work together

• Goal: Reduce U.S. petroleum use by 2.5 billion gallons per year

Clean Cities Mission To advance the energy, economic, and environmental security of the U.S. by supporting local decisions to reduce petroleum use in transportation.

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Clean Cities Coalitions

• Nearly 100 coalitions in 45 states

• 775,000 AFVs using alternative fuels

• 6,600 fueling stations

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Clean Cities Strategies

Replace petroleum with alternative and renewable fuels

Reduce petroleum use through fuel efficiency measures, smarter driving practices, and idle reduction

Eliminate petroleum use by promoting mass transit, trip elimination, and congestion mitigation

Clean Cities has saved nearly 3 billion gallons of petroleum since 1993.

EliminateEliminateEliminate

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W.Va. Clean State Program

Description of Area: State of West Virginia

Population information: 1.8 million

When was coalition formed? Oct. 19, 1994; re-designated in 1999, 2005 and 2012

Coalition Structure

* Host agency is W.Va. Division of Energy, the state energy office* Activities set by WVDOE director* 46 stakeholders* Coalition meetings held quarterly* Coalition funded through U.S. Department of Energy

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Alternative and Renewable Fuels • Biodiesel • Electricity• Ethanol (E85)• Hydrogen• Natural gas• Propane

Fuel Economy• Fuel efficient vehicles• Driving habits• Vehicle maintenance

Idle Reduction• Technologies• Behavioral changes

Trip Elimination• Telecommuting• Ridesharing

Clean Cities Portfolio of Technologies

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Objectives Discuss how propane may help improve public

health Describe the benefits of propane to the

environment Explain how propane may help stimulate the

economy Describe what energy security is and how using

propane can help attain it Explain the future of propane Explain the suggested actions to support propane

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Can produce fewer emissions than conventional vehicles

Higher energy density than gasoline High octane = more complete combustion Propane prices are similar to gasoline and

diesel

Why Consider Propane?

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Figure 1: LPG compared to conventional gasoline. Source: fueleconomy.gov.

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Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG): Hydrocarbons, primarily composed of propane and butane, obtained during processing of crude oil, which are liquefied at low temperatures and moderate pressure. It is similar to NGL but originates from crude oil sources.

Natural gas liquids (NGL): Hydrocarbons, typically composed of propane, butane, pentane, hexane, and heptane, obtained from natural gas production or processing which are liquefied at low temperatures and moderate pressure. They are similar to LPG but originate from natural gas sources.

From: Hydraulic Fracturing and Shale Gas Production: Technology, Impacts, and PolicyArgonne National LaboratorySeptember 10, 2012

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What is a Shale? Region of fine-grained

sedimentary rock

Forms from the compaction of “mud”

Fissile and laminated characteristics

Black shale contains organic compounds

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Marcellus Shale

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Exists approx. one mile below the surface

Potential to provide enough gas for 2 years of consumption by entire U.S.

Northern panhandle considered “rich” gas fields

Marcellus Shale Cont.

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Propane = domestic resource 90% of propane used in the

U.S. is produced domestically Promotes energy security Established infrastructure Already over 2,600 fueling

sites Longer vehicle service life

Propane Benefits

Figure 2: Propane production. Source: EERE.

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Combustion can produce fewer harmful emissions like: Particulate matter Carbon monoxide (CO)

Fewer emissions = less smog = fewer respiratory problems

Health Benefits

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Propane vehicles can produce fewer harmful emissions

Spills rarely occur, if spilled, propane rapidly biodegrades in soil, water, air

Not a greenhouse gas

Environmental Benefits

Figure 3: Propane vehicle emissions. Source: EERE.

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Domestically produced fuel Prices similar to conventional fuels Increased engine and engine oil life

Prices do fluctuate

Economic Benefits

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U.S. imports about half its crude oil; two thirds is used for transportation

Oil reserves located in politically volatile countries

97% of propane consumed in the U.S. is produced in North America, 90% in the U.S. alone

Propane use will help offset reliance on foreign oil supplies

Energy Security Benefits

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Figure 4: Ford E250 propane van. Source: AFDC.

Propane has many practical applications Propane farm equipment, indoor industrial

equipment Grills and home heating Predicted natural gas reserves

have increased Over 15 billion gallons

already used annually

Propane –Today and Tomorrow

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The Future of Propane Infrastructure already exists 90% produced domestically Domestic resources lessen dependence on

foreign oil Nontoxic and nonpoisonous Light-, medium-, heavy-duty vehicles

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Did You Know?

Propane has grown to become a $10 billion industry in the U.S.

Source: Propane Education & Research Council

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Suggested Actions Variety of choices available Incentives from federal/state/local governments WV Alternative Fuel Tax Credit http://www.state.wv.us/taxrev/forms/2011/aftc1.pdf

Figure 5: Propane warehouse equipment. Source: NAFTC.

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1. What percentage of propane used in the U.S. is produced domestically?

2. True or False: Correctly calibrated LPG engines can offer lower emissions of carbon monoxide.

3. True or False: Propane stations are hard to find since there are only 267 throughout the U.S.

4. Current U.S. LPG consumption is at ________ billion gallons per year.

Test Your Knowledge

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Clean Citieswww.cleancities.energy.gov

Alternative Fuels & Advanced Vehicles Data Centerwww.afdc.energy.gov

FuelEconomy.govwww.fueleconomy.gov

W.Va. Clean State Programwww.energywv.org/cleanstateprogram

National Alternative Fuels Training Consortiumwww.naftc.wvu.edu/

Online information resources

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Kelly A. BraggCasey E. RandolphW.Va. Clean State Program

www.energywv.org/cleanstateprogram

(304) 957-2004 kelly.a.bragg@wv.gov(304) 957-2050 casey.e.randolph@wv.gov

Thank you!!