Solids, Liquids & Gases Calculations IGCSE

Density

What is the density of the following objects?1. A solid block of wood with a mass of 132.5 kg and a volume of 0.25 m3.2. A liquid with a mass of 202.5 g and a volume of 15 cm3.3. A gas with a mass of 1.43g and a volume of 1000 cm3.

Extension – what are the above materials?

What is the mass of the following objects?4. A piece of magnesium ribbon (density 1.74 g/cm3) with a volume of 0.1 cm3. 5. A piece of zinc (density 7.14 g/cm3) with a volume of 13 cm3.6. A Kevlar vest (density 1440 kg/m3) with a volume of 0.005 m3.

What is the volume of the following objects?7. 2.7 kg of mercury (density 13.5 g/cm3).8. 3.0 kg of air (density 1.2 kg/m3).9. An ice cube (density 916.7 kg/m3) with a mass of 10 g.

Pressure

A solid block, weighing 200 N, has the following dimensions:0.1 m x 0.5 m x 0.3 m.

1. What is the maximum pressure it can exert on a surface?2. What is the minimum pressure is can exert on a surface?3. What would the pressure be if it was placed on the third side?

How much weight/force is required to give a pressure of 5000 N/m2 in each of the following situations?

4. A child standing on a raft with an area of 0.05 m2.5. A table with four legs totalling an area of 0.01 m2.6. A quad bike with four wheels totalling an area of 0.36 m2.

Pressure in Liquids

Calculate the pressure difference in the following situations.1. A fish descends 2 m in fresh water (density 1000 kg/m3).2. A fish descends 2 m in salt water (density 1027 kg/m3).3. A scuba diver that rises from 10 m below the surface to 2 m below the surface (in salt water).

Converting Temperatures

Convert the following temperatures from degrees Celsius to degrees kelvin.

1. The boiling point of water - 100°C

2. The freezing point of water - 0°C

3. Body temperature - 37°C

ρ = m/V

P = F/A

P = ρgh

Convert the following temperatures from degrees Kelvin to degrees Celsius.

1. 323 K2. 298 K3. 420K

Solids, Liquids & Gases Calculations IGCSE

Pressure & Temperature*

Calculate the final pressure in these situations.1. A sealed container of gas at 101,000 Pa is heated from 300 K to 400 K.2. A compressed gas cylinder (pressure: 250 kPa) is heated from 300 K to 350 K.

3. A sealed container of gas at 350 kPa is heated from 0°C to 100°C.

Calculate the final temperature in these situations.4. A sealed container of gas at 200 K is heated, increasing the pressure from 150 kPa to 200 kPa.5. A compressed gas cylinder (initial temperature: 298 K) is cooled, decreasing the pressure from 101

kPa to 80 kPa. 6. A sealed container of gas at 400 K is cooled, decreasing the pressure from 350 kPa to 200 kPa.

Calculate the initial pressure in these situations.7. A sealed container of gas at 200 K is heated to 300 K. The final pressure was 150 kPa.8. A compressed gas cylinder (initial temperature: 298 K) is cooled to 100 K. The final pressure was 101

kPa.9. A sealed container of gas at 273 K is heated to 373 K. The final pressure was 200 kPa.

Pressure & Volume

Calculate the final pressure in these situations.1. A sealed container of gas at 101,000 Pa is expanded, reducing the volume from 0.5 m3 to 0.25 m3.2. A sealed container of gas at 101,000 Pa expands from a volume of 0.5 m3 to 0.8 m3. 3. A sealed balloon containing helium at 150 kPa is squashed from 1000 cm3 to 700 cm3.

Calculate the final volume in these situations.4. A compressible container of gas, with an initial volume of 490 cm3, is compressed, increasing the

pressure from 150 kPa to 200 kPa.5. A balloon of air, with an initial volume 500 of cm3, is squashed, increasing the pressure from 101 kPa to

103 kPa.6. An expandable container of gas at is stretched, decreasing the pressure from 201 kPa to 101 kPa. The

initial volume was 1000 m3.

Calculate the initial pressure in these situations.7. A sealed container of gas is squashed, reducing the volume from 0.5 m3 to 0.25 m3, with a final

pressure of 120 kPa.8. A sealed container of gas is expanded from a volume of 0.4 m3 to 0.6 m3, with a final pressure of 90

kPa.9. A sealed balloon containing helium is squashed from 1000 cm3 to 700 cm3. The final pressure was 130

kPa.

P1V1 = P2V2

P1/T1 = P2/T2