writing reusable content
DESCRIPTION
Presented at DocTrain East 2007 Conference by Pamela Kostur, Parallax Communications -- Are you the type of technical communicator who likes to "start from scratch"? Do you hesitate to reuse content that others create because it could never be as good as what you could write yourself? Do you prefer to hoard your perfectly-crafted content to protect your creative genius? If you answered yes to any of these questions, attend this workshop to learn why writing reusable content and why reusing content that others createחare important to your career. You'll see that writing reusable content is more fun and more creative than you might think!TRANSCRIPT
Pamela KosturPartner
Parallax Communications
Writing Reusable Content
© Parallax Communications 2007
Introduction
Let’s think about reusable contentShould we reuse content?Why? Why not?How?What makes content reusable?
© Parallax Communications 2007
Is this reusable content?
© Parallax Communications 2007
What about this?
© Parallax Communications 2007
Is this repetition necessary?
© Parallax Communications 2007
Which description is accurate?
© Parallax Communications 2007
So, why reuse content?
Writing for reuse is efficientReused content is consistent; no discrepanciesReused content is based on standards, which can improve usabilityReusable content is written in modules that help users to navigateReuse provides continuity
© Parallax Communications 2007
Issues with content reuse
In theory, it’s greatNot always easy to do
Authoring is different; topic-basedNeed to be able to find reusable contentPlanning and standards are criticalPlanning takes time
© Parallax Communications 2007
Planning for reuse
Reuse doesn’t just happen—you need to plan for itFirst, analyze content to determine where it can be reusedThen, determine structure to allow reuse
© Parallax Communications 2007
Example
You work in a wireless communications company and produce documentation for several audiencesThere is significant overlap and you want to reuse content
© Parallax Communications 2007
Example, continued
Your reuse plan might look like this:
© Parallax Communications 2007
Structure & content reuse
How content is structured affects its reuse
If you are reusing a product description, it must be structured to support reuse
Reuse must be transparent to both users and to authorsConsistent structure is key
© Parallax Communications 2007
On consistency inonline applications
“For every knob, button and widget on your computer screen, there’s a complex set of behaviours that we’ve become so accustomed to that we barely even notice them. It’s only when that consistency is gone, and we find ourselves clicking angrily at a scroll bar that’s not behaving like we expect it to, that we realize something’s amiss.”Ivor Tossell, “Think you know how to use a simple scroll bar? Think again.” The Globe and Mail, Friday, Oct. 12, 2007
© Parallax Communications 2007
Similar content,different structure
© Parallax Communications 2007
What’s similar here?
© Parallax Communications 2007
Writing modular content
Modular writing allows you to reuse content more easilyModules are based on a standard for the type of content they containModules can be updated easilyModules can be arranged to accommodate differences
© Parallax Communications 2007
Defining modules
Defining modules is like creating a spec for all writers to followYou specify what pieces of content an info product contains and in what order
© Parallax Communications 2007
Sample structure
At a very basic level, it looks like this:
© Parallax Communications 2007
Indicating reuse
Usage information shows other places a component is used:
© Parallax Communications 2007
Describing modules
When you know the structure, you can describe the content that goes into it
© Parallax Communications 2007
How does structure helpto write reusable content?
It tells you what an info product containsIt tells you where components are usedIt tells you how to write the components so they are consistent (both in structure and content)It increases usability
© Parallax Communications 2007
Structure and usability
Unstructured content is:Difficult for readers to followDifficult for writers to createDifficult to reuse
Structure helps you to:Create modular pieces of content you can easily reuse (with or without CM)Create consistent contentThink about usability when determining structure
© Parallax Communications 2007
Writing to a structure
Think of your structure as an outlineThe structure defines what you need to includeBut, you still have to put content into it
© Parallax Communications 2007
Creating writing guidelines
You need writing guidelines to support your structureWriting guidelines provide further assistance to writersTells them specifically how to write a piece of contentWriting guidelines help to make content reusable
© Parallax Communications 2007
Structure with description
© Parallax Communications 2007
Structure withadded guidelines
© Parallax Communications 2007
Content reuse and usability
Reusing content alone doesn’t ensure usabilityReusing unusable content makes it consistently unusableNeed to determine what is usable and base standards on that
© Parallax Communications 2007
Apply principles ofclear communication
ChunkingLabellingRelevanceAccessible detailIntegrated graphicsConsistency
© Parallax Communications 2007
Common understanding
Having a common understanding of the standards is criticalAll writers need to understand such things as:
What constitutes a chunkHow are procedures structuredWhat terminology is appropriate
© Parallax Communications 2007
Accommodatingdifferences through chunking
Reusable content can still accommodate differencesUsage indicates what is mandatory and what is optionalComponents can contain as much or as little as required and can be broken into subsections
© Parallax Communications 2007
Examples
Eligibility
Application process
Eligibility:Eligible businessesIneligible businesses
Application process:Filling out the formSubmitting itGetting helpWhat happens next
© Parallax Communications 2007
Accommodatingdifferences through metadata
Components within reusable content can be tagged with metadata to indicate where they belong
Which information productWhich productWhich user
© Parallax Communications 2007
Summary
Effective reuse doesn’t just happenReusable content is modular so it can be easily accessed, assembled, updatedReusable content provides continuityModules must be consistent
© Parallax Communications 2007
Summary, continued
Reusable content is based on standards that all writers followStandards are useful only if everyone follows themReusable content must be usablecontentReusable content and structures can accommodate differences
© Parallax Communications 2007
For more information
Contact us at Parallax Communications:Pamela Kostur
Download slides and handouts at www.parallax.ca