_wpf-lesson 5 - context menu - statusbar

7/31/2019 _WPF-Lesson 5 - Context Menu - StatusBar

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Microsoft VietnamDPE Team | WPFBi 5: Thc n ngcnh (Context Menu) vthanh trng thi (Status Bar)

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Bi 5

THC N NGCNH (CONTEXT MENU) V THANH

TRNG THI (STATUS BAR)

Thc n ng cnh (Context Menu) l loi thc n gn vi mt iu khin c th no , chng

hn nh mt nt bm hay mt hp son tho,... Khi ngi dng nhn chut phi vo iu khin c gn

thc n ng cnh th thc n ng cnh ca iu khin s hin ra v cho php ngi dng chn cng

vic mong mun t thc n. Hnh 5.1 minh ha thc n ng cnh gn vi nt bm.

Thanh trng thi lthanh nm ngang di y ca s v hin th cc thng tin v trng thi hot

ng ca ng dng.Mt thanh trng thi c th c nhiu mc trng thi (StatusBar Item) khc nhau, mi

mc th hin mt loi thng tin no ti ngi dng.

Nt bm trng thi

bnh thng, chanhn chut hi

Thc n ng cnh xut hin khinhn chut phi ln nt bm

Hnh 5.1. Nt bm vi thc n ng cnh (Context Menu)


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Bi ny gii thiucc s dng thc n ng cnh v thanh trng thi bng ngn ng XAML.

1. Xy dng thc n ng cnh

Tng t nh thc n (Menu) thng thng cp bi trc, thc n ng cnh (Context

Menu) gm nhiu phn tthc nc t chc di dng phn cp. Miphn t thc n c th l

Command Menu Item (c gn trc tip vi cc b qun l s kin - Event handler) hay Popup

Menu Item (cha cc phn t thc n cp di). Tuy nhin, thc n ng cnh khng nm trn nh

ca s, n gn vi mt iu khin no v xut hin khi ngi dng nhn chut phi ln iu khin

tng ng.

Hai on code di dy minh ha dng thc n ng cnh minh ha hnh 5.1 bng m lnh

XAML v bng ngn ng C# tin so snh.

on m trnh xy dng thc n ng cnh bng XAML:

Nt bm vi thc n ng cnh

Mc trngthi 1

Hnh 5.2. Thanh trng thi gm ba mc trng thi khc nhau

Mc trngthi 2

Mc trngthi 3


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on m trnh xy dng thc n ng cnh bng C#:

//To nt bm

btn = newButton();

btn.Content = "Nt bm vi thc n ng cnh";

//To thc n ng cnh

contextmenu = newContextMenu();

//Gn thc n ng cnh cho nt bm

btn.ContextMenu = contextmenu;

//To cc phn t thc n cho thc n ng cnhmi = newMenuItem();

mi.Header = "Thc n ng cnh";

mi1 = newMenuItem();

mi1.Header = "Menu 1";

mi.Items.Add(mi1);

mi2 = newMenuItem();

mi2.Header = "Menu 2";

mi.Items.Add(mi2);

mib3 = newMenuItem();

mib3.Header = "Menu 3";

mib.Items.Add(mib3);



mib3.Items.Add(mib31);



mib3.Items.Add(mib32);

//a cc phn t thc n vo thc n ng cnh

contextmenu.Items.Add(mi);

Thc n ng cnh c th l loi thc nng cnhring bit, gn vi mt iu c th,hoc c

th l loi thc nng cnhchia s cho nhiu iu khin dng chung (Shared ContexMenu).

1.1 Xy dng thc n ng cnh ring bit

Thc n ng cnh ring bit l thc n ng cnh gn vi mt iu khin c th, cc trng thi

ca menu ny ch dnh ring cho iu khin cha n s dng. M lnh to thc n ng cnh loi ny


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t trc tip bn trong cp th ca iu khin cha n (nh minh ha on m XAML trn). Xem v

d minh ha hnh 5.3, minh ha hai nt bm, mi nt c mt thc n ng cnh ring. Khi chn Menu

m ca nt no th ni dung ca nt hin th dng ch m v ng thi Menu tng ng cng

trng thi Checkedv ngc li. Trng thi Checked ca mc m ca menu ng cnh thuc nt bm

1 khng nh hng ti thc n ca nt bm 2.

M lnh XAMLca v d trn nh sau.

on m trnh Menu to thc n ng cnh bng XAML:

Nt bm 1

Menu m caNt bm 1 ang trng thi Checked

Hnh 5.3. V d v thc n ng cnh ring bit ca tng iu khin khc nhau

Menu m caNt bm 2 ang trng thi UnChecked


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Nt bm 2

Trong on m trn, ta c hai nt bm vi nhn l Nt bm 1 v Nt bm 2, mi nt bm c

mt thc n ng cnh ring.

Thc n ng cnh ca nt bm c bt u bng v kt thc bng

. Trong cp th ny l cp th v .

Trong cp th v cha cc th nh ngha cc mc

ca thc n.

Cc mc thc n ca thc n ng cnh hot ng tng t nhth n thng thng c

cp bi trc.

Di y l on m trnh C# khai bo cc hm x l x kin khi nhn vo cc mc thc

n trn.

namespace ContextMenuApp1

{

///


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/// Interaction logic for Window1.xaml

///

publicpartialclassWindow1 : Window

{

public Window1(){

InitializeComponent();

}

privatevoid Bold_Checked1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)

{

cmButton1.FontWeight = FontWeights.Bold;

}

privatevoid Bold_Unchecked1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)

{

cmButton1.FontWeight = FontWeights.Normal;

}

privatevoid Message1(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)

{

MessageBox.Show("Bn chn thc n nt bm 1");

}

privatevoid Bold_Checked2(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)

{

cmButton2.FontWeight = FontWeights.Bold;

}

privatevoid Bold_Unchecked2(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)

{

cmButton2.FontWeight = FontWeights.Normal;

}

privatevoid Message2(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)

{

MessageBox.Show("Bn chn thc n nt bm 2");

}

}

}


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1.2 Thc n ng cnh chia s (Shared Context Menu)

Thc n ng cnh chia s l loi thc n ng cnh c th gn vi nhiu iu khin khc nhau .

Khi mt mc trn thc n ng cnh ca mt iu khin c Checked th tt c cc iu khin khc

cng chia s trng thi ny.

V d sau y minh ha bn iu khin gm hai Button v hai CheckBox cng chia s chung mt

thc n ng cnh, khi Check vo mc u tin ca thc n ng cnh trn mt Button hay mt

CheckBox th mc tng ng ca cc thc n ng cnh trn cc Button hay CheckBox khc cng c

trng thi Check tng ng.

on m sau minh ha m lnh XAML ca v d ny.

Hnh 5.4. V d v thc n ng cnh chia s


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Shared ContextMenu

C bn iu khin chia s thc n ng cnh.x:Shared c gn gi tr True, cho php cc

iu khin chia s ContextMenu. Bn c th th bng cch

check vo mc thc n u tin ca mt iu khin

sau m thc n ng cnh cc iu khin khc xem

trng thi ca mc u tin ca mi thc n ng cnh.

Khc vi thc n ng cnh thng thng, v tr cu ln to thc n ng cnh c khng nm

gia cp th ca cc iu khin cha n m c khai bo di dng ti nguyn chung ca Window.

Thuc tnh x:Keydng khai bo tn ca ContextMenu,s c dng gn cho cc iu

khin mun s dng ContextMenu ny. Cc iu khin s gn ContextMenu nh thuc tnh

ContextMenu="{DynamicResource ContextMenuChiase}".


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Ch , phi t gi tr cho x:Shared="True" th ContextMenu ny mi c th c chia s

cho cc iu khin. Nu t l x:Shared="False"th cc iu khin vn s dng c MenuContext

ny, nhng mi iu khin c mt th hin ring ca ContextMenu (khng chia s chung).

2. Xy dng v s dng thanh trng thi (StatusBar)

Thanh cng trng thi l thanh nm ngang, bn di y ca s, gm nhiu phn t nhm th

hin thng tin v cc trng thi hot ng ca ng dng . Mi phn t c th l mt vn bn, mt biu

tng hay mt thanh tin trnh(Minh ha hnh 5.5).

Phn t dng vn bn

Hnh 5.5 .Thanh trng thi

Thanh

trng thi

Phnt dng thanh tin trnh Phn t dng nh


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2.1. Thanh trng thi vi cc phn tvn bn

bt u tm hiu tng bc xy dng thanh trng thi, ta tm hiu m lnh XAML to thanh

trng thi n gin vi cc phn t dng vn bn.

Thanh trng thi n gin, ch gm mt phn t dng vn bn.

Thanh trng thi uc xy dngbng on m XAML sau:

< StatusBar Grid.Row="1">

Ready

Thanh trng thi gm nhiu hn mt phn t. V d, thanh trng thi gm hai mc Ready v Set

< StatusBar Grid.Row="1">

Ready

Set

v d trn phn tth hai nm ngay bn cnh phn t th nht, nu mun phn t th nht c

rng ln hn v phn t th hai c cn bn phi ca s cho thun tin (nh hnh di) ta phi s dng

k thut to layout (b cc) trong thanh trng thi phn chi thanh trng thi thnh cc vng mong

mun v t cc phn t cn thit vo cc vng tng ng


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Ready

Set

on m XAML trn ta s dng th v

nh ngha b cc ca cc phn t trong thanh trng thi. Trong l cp

th v . K tip, s dng th nh

ngha cc vng hin th kiu li. Trong v d ny, li bao gm mt dng v hai ct. Ct th nht c

di t co d chim ton b khng gian trng nh thuc tnh Width="*". Ct th hai c di

bng di ni dung m n cha nh thuc tnh Width="Auto".

Phn t th nht c gn vi ct th u tin ca li (Grid.Column="0").

Ready

Ct th hai c gn vi ct th hai ca li (Grid.Column="1").

Set


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2.2. Thanh trng thi vi phn t l thanh tin trnh

(Progress Bar)

i khi, trn thanh trng thi ta mun th hin trng thi thc hin ca mt cng vic no , ta

c th a thanh tin trnh vo mt phn t trn thanh trng thi (minh ha hnh 5.6).

M lnh minh ha thanh trng thi trn nh sau:

Ready

Hnh 5.6. Thanh trng thi vi phn t l thanh tin trnh

Thanh tin trnh


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Set

v d trn, ta t thanh trng thi vo mc th hai ca thanh trng thi.

2.3. Thanh trng thi vi phn t l hnh nh

Hnh 57. Minh ha phn t thanh trng thi l hnh nh biu tng.

M lnh minh ha thanh trng thi trn nh sau:

Hnh 5.7. Thanh trng thivi phn t l hnh nh

Phn t ca thanhtrng thi l hnh nh


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Ready

Set

v d trn, ta t thanh trng thi vo mc th tca thanh trng thi.

2.4. M lnh tng hp ca thanh trng thi

V d minh ha t cc phn t trn thanh trng thi.

Mi phn t c th l vn bn, nh hay thanh tin trnh.


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Ready

Set

3. Cu hi n tp

1. Context Menu xut hin khi nhn chut no ln iu khin?A. Chut tri


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B. Chut phi

Cu tr li:B

2. Context Menu c th cha c Command Menu Item v Popup Menu Item?A. ng

B. Sai

Cu tr li:A

3. Cu lnh XAML nh ngha thc n ng cnh phinm trong cp th nhngha iu khin cha thc n?

A. ng

B. Sai

Cu tr li:B

4. Thc n ng cnh c th chia s cho nhiu iu khin dng chung?A. ng

B. Sai

Cu tr li:A

5. Thanh trng thi ch c php cha mt phn t trng thi:A. ng

B. Sai

Cu tr li:B

6. Thanh trng thi c th cha nhng cc phn t thuc loi no?A. Vn bn.

B. Hnh nh.

C. Cc iu khin khc nh Button, ProgressBar,..

D. C ba loi trn.

Cu tr li:D

4. Ti liu tham kho

1. Windows Presentation Foundation, URL: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-

us/library/ms754130.aspx.
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms754130.aspxhttp://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms754130.aspxhttp://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms754130.aspxhttp://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms754130.aspx


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Microsoft Vietnam DPE Team | WPF Bi 5: Thc n ng cnh (Context Menu) v 17

2. MSDNContext Menu, URL: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms743670.aspx.

3. MSDNContext Menu sample, URL: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-

us/library/ms771470(VS.85).aspx.

4. MSDNStatusBar, URL: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms752075.aspx.

5. MSDNStatusBar sample, URL: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-

us/library/ms771396.aspx.

6. The Perfect WPF StatusBar, URL:http://kentb.blogspot.com/2007/10/perfect-wpf-

statusbar.html.
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms743670.aspxhttp://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms743670.aspxhttp://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms771470(VS.85).aspxhttp://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms771470(VS.85).aspxhttp://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms771470(VS.85).aspxhttp://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms752075.aspxhttp://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms752075.aspxhttp://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms771396.aspxhttp://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms771396.aspxhttp://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms771396.aspxhttp://kentb.blogspot.com/2007/10/perfect-wpf-statusbar.htmlhttp://kentb.blogspot.com/2007/10/perfect-wpf-statusbar.htmlhttp://kentb.blogspot.com/2007/10/perfect-wpf-statusbar.htmlhttp://kentb.blogspot.com/2007/10/perfect-wpf-statusbar.htmlhttp://kentb.blogspot.com/2007/10/perfect-wpf-statusbar.htmlhttp://kentb.blogspot.com/2007/10/perfect-wpf-statusbar.htmlhttp://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms771396.aspxhttp://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms771396.aspxhttp://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms752075.aspxhttp://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms771470(VS.85).aspxhttp://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms771470(VS.85).aspxhttp://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms743670.aspx

_wpf-lesson 5 - context menu - statusbar

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