Vodafone Event

Deepak BhatiaJune 12, 2010

Public Sector Governance

Urban Development

Rural Development

Standards &

Inter-operability

PPP

Environment & Natural Resource Management

Health & Education

But what about the trucks?Private Sector Development

ICT CapacityBuilding

Legal,RegulatoryFramework

InstitutionalFramework

ICT enablement of Sectors

CA

S

SD

PR

P/P

RS

P

ICTInfrastructure

Enabling Environment

World Bank ICT LandscapeF

ram

ewo

rk f

or

Inte

rven

tio

n

Social Development & Social Protection

Bank Portfolio reflects significant investment in ICT

• 64% of Bank projects1 (pipeline and portfolio) have ICT components• Total ICT investments estimated at about $7.73 billion

 No. of Projects

identified with ICT ICT Commitment

Amt.US$M

IBRD/IDA Amount US$M

Total 1,039 7,736 72,124

Portfolio 930 6,198 64,969

Pipeline2 19 467 1,568

Other3 90 1,071 5,587

1: Refers to the total number of projects reviewed (1630) as part of the ICT dimension study – as of Nov 20062: Only includes pipeline projects with clear ICT components identified3: ‘Other’ includes projects other than investment lending (incl. GPP, IDF, GEF, Special funds etc)

About 150 new projects (out of 250) containing ICT components enter the portfolio per annum

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

ICT ActiveProjects % w ith ICT

ICT Active P rojects 1 3 6 23 32 49 90 108 133 150 142 164

Lending P rojects Approved 245 256 241 286 280 223 225 229 240 245 280 286

P rojects Closed 243 254 234 256 242 162 114 91 65 48 56 45

% with ICT 0% 1% 2% 8% 11% 22% 40% 47% 55% 61% 51% 57%

1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006

The number of Projects with ICT is growing

ICT in Bank Operations: Applications for the Sectors Rural Development

STRATEGIC FOCUS

POTENTIAL OF ICT

- Community resource monitoring systems - Automated Land titling registries - e-Gov services to reduce dependence on exploitative intermediaries

- Community resource monitoring systems - Automated Land titling registries - e-Gov services to reduce dependence on exploitative intermediaries

BANK PROJECT EXAMPLES

- GIS tools for tracking agricultural harvests- Remote crop diagnosis via digital media- ICT enabled agricultural education and extension services

- GIS tools for tracking agricultural harvests- Remote crop diagnosis via digital media- ICT enabled agricultural education and extension services

- ICT based agricultural marketing & trade

- Value chain creation from vertical commodity portals - Virtual communities connecting specialists

- ICT based agricultural marketing & trade

- Value chain creation from vertical commodity portals - Virtual communities connecting specialists

- ICT based rural micro-credit systems- ICT facilitated remittances from abroad - ICT based training to strengthen cooperatives, NGOs, producer associations

- ICT based rural micro-credit systems- ICT facilitated remittances from abroad - ICT based training to strengthen cooperatives, NGOs, producer associations

UKRAINE Rural Land Titling & Cadastre Devt Project, ($195 Mil): Computerized cadastre system for improving land taxes; quality of information for social service planning

UKRAINE Rural Land Titling & Cadastre Devt Project, ($195 Mil): Computerized cadastre system for improving land taxes; quality of information for social service planning

INDIA: Tamil Nadu Irrigated Agriculture Modernization & Water-Bodies Restoration and Management Project ($475 Mil): ICT for agricultural education & knowledge management

INDIA: Tamil Nadu Irrigated Agriculture Modernization & Water-Bodies Restoration and Management Project ($475 Mil): ICT for agricultural education & knowledge management

PHILIPPINES Diversified Farm Income & Market Development, ($70 mil); Information system on agricultural prices/ volumes traded to improve & expand markets

PHILIPPINES Diversified Farm Income & Market Development, ($70 mil); Information system on agricultural prices/ volumes traded to improve & expand markets

PHILIPPINES E-Commerce for Farmers: ($ 850,000): InfoDev project to develop electronic marketing site and computer literacy training programs for business development

PHILIPPINES E-Commerce for Farmers: ($ 850,000): InfoDev project to develop electronic marketing site and computer literacy training programs for business development

Rural Governance

Rural Governance

AgricultureAgriculture

Rural Markets

Rural Markets

Non-farmIncome

Generation

Non-farmIncome

Generation

ICT in Bank Operations: Applications for the Sectors Urban Development

STRATEGIC FOCUS

POTENTIAL OF ICT

- GIS based demographic data gathering - Scenario/ forecast modeling via e-simulations - Transportation & Facilities Mgmt Systems

- GIS based demographic data gathering - Scenario/ forecast modeling via e-simulations - Transportation & Facilities Mgmt Systems

BANK PROJECT EXAMPLES

-Intranets to facilitate communication with all levels of government - Common IT systems to standardize procedures and reduce discretion

-Intranets to facilitate communication with all levels of government - Common IT systems to standardize procedures and reduce discretion

- Land/Property Management Systems- Land titling Registries, Cadastral Systems for improved governance, taxation

- Land/Property Management Systems- Land titling Registries, Cadastral Systems for improved governance, taxation

- Online access to key governance documents, e.g. budgets, planning info- Participatory monitoring of programs to ensure checks and balances on officials

- Online access to key governance documents, e.g. budgets, planning info- Participatory monitoring of programs to ensure checks and balances on officials

CHINA: Wuhan Urban Transport; (US$ 598.2 mil): Project aims to Improve urban transport arrangements through an MIS for fleet management, including use of GPS units.

CHINA: Wuhan Urban Transport; (US$ 598.2 mil): Project aims to Improve urban transport arrangements through an MIS for fleet management, including use of GPS units.

PERU: Institutional Capacity for Sustainable Fiscal Decentralization ($8.8 Mil): Strengthening regional and local government institutions via information systems

PERU: Institutional Capacity for Sustainable Fiscal Decentralization ($8.8 Mil): Strengthening regional and local government institutions via information systems

GUATEMALA: Land Administration Project, ($31 Mil) developing cadastral and registral databases, and fully computerized administrative & accounting systems

GUATEMALA: Land Administration Project, ($31 Mil) developing cadastral and registral databases, and fully computerized administrative & accounting systems

UrbanPlanning

UrbanPlanning

Decentral-ization

Decentral-ization

LandManagement

LandManagement

CivicEmpowerment

CivicEmpowerment

ICT in Bank Operations: Applications for the SectorsPrivate Sector Development

STRATEGIC FOCUS

POTENTIAL OF ICT

- ICT facilitated Business networks - Online transactions to reduce costs- e-simplification of Business Processes

- ICT facilitated Business networks - Online transactions to reduce costs- e-simplification of Business Processes

BANK PROJECT EXAMPLES

- Employment generation and skills dev’t for 21st century- Necessary to support growth of ICT use in society, and in local development efforts

- Employment generation and skills dev’t for 21st century- Necessary to support growth of ICT use in society, and in local development efforts

- E-Procurement to promote private sector development opportunities - G2B services to facilitate ease of business creation, expansion and closing

- E-Procurement to promote private sector development opportunities - G2B services to facilitate ease of business creation, expansion and closing

- Computerized trade logistics for efficiency- E-Customs clearance for imports/exports, real-time info sharing with customs officials- Facilitation of trade networks

- Computerized trade logistics for efficiency- E-Customs clearance for imports/exports, real-time info sharing with customs officials- Facilitation of trade networks

TUNISIA: ICT Sector Development Project: ($ 1.03 million): Supports opening up of the ICT sector to private participation and competition

TUNISIA: ICT Sector Development Project: ($ 1.03 million): Supports opening up of the ICT sector to private participation and competition

GHANA: e-Ghana Project: generate increased employment in the ITES (notably BPO) sector, and improve access to information/transaction capabilities for businesses in selected districts

GHANA: e-Ghana Project: generate increased employment in the ITES (notably BPO) sector, and improve access to information/transaction capabilities for businesses in selected districts

CAMBODIA: Trade Facilitation and Competitiveness ($10 Mil): Deployment of ICT for automation of customs functions; IT training, Installation; Website development

CAMBODIA: Trade Facilitation and Competitiveness ($10 Mil): Deployment of ICT for automation of customs functions; IT training, Installation; Website development

SME Support

SME Support

ICT SectorDevelopment

ICT SectorDevelopment

Stimulation ofDomesticIndustry

Stimulation ofDomesticIndustry

Trade &Integration

Trade &Integration

ICT in Bank Operations: Applications for the Sectors Public Sector Reform (E-Government)

STRATEGIC FOCUS

POTENTIAL OF ICT

- Records Management systems - HR Management Systems, online job listings- e-Pensions Administration

- Records Management systems - HR Management Systems, online job listings- e-Pensions Administration

BANK PROJECT EXAMPLES

- Treasury systems to improve fiscal control - e-Procurement for checks on govt. purchasing- e-Taxation for efficient revenue collection

- Treasury systems to improve fiscal control - e-Procurement for checks on govt. purchasing- e-Taxation for efficient revenue collection

- e-Gov portal for 24/7 service delivery- e-services to reduce exploitation, official discretion - e-democracy to empower citizens

- e-Gov portal for 24/7 service delivery- e-services to reduce exploitation, official discretion - e-democracy to empower citizens

- Court MIS, e-case filing to expedite processes- Legal systems for judges- Public awareness via online case data

- Court MIS, e-case filing to expedite processes- Legal systems for judges- Public awareness via online case data

SRI LANKA: e-Sri Lanka Program; (US$ 50 mil): Creation of a ‘single window’ for gov services; inter-connected government agencies for improved productivity

SRI LANKA: e-Sri Lanka Program; (US$ 50 mil): Creation of a ‘single window’ for gov services; inter-connected government agencies for improved productivity

CHILE: Public Expenditure Management Project, ($23 Mil) improve transparency of public finance via a modern and integrated IFMIS

CHILE: Public Expenditure Management Project, ($23 Mil) improve transparency of public finance via a modern and integrated IFMIS

GUATEMALA: GT TAX ADMIN. TAL, ($28 Mil): Computerized tax collection sytem to improve convenience to citizens and accuracy in revenue collection

GUATEMALA: GT TAX ADMIN. TAL, ($28 Mil): Computerized tax collection sytem to improve convenience to citizens and accuracy in revenue collection

EL SALVADOR: Judicial Modernization Project; ($ 24 mil) automates case management programs, and provides e-learning for judicial employees

EL SALVADOR: Judicial Modernization Project; ($ 24 mil) automates case management programs, and provides e-learning for judicial employees

AdministrativeReform

AdministrativeReform

Anti-Corruption

Anti-Corruption

Citizen-centricGovernance

Citizen-centricGovernance

Law & JusticeLaw & Justice

ICT in Bank Operations: Applications for the SectorsHealth & Education

STRATEGIC FOCUS

POTENTIAL OF ICT

-- Distance Learning to reach remote areas- ICT based teacher training, skills building- Multi-media to improve teaching content- Education MIS for improved administration

-- Distance Learning to reach remote areas- ICT based teacher training, skills building- Multi-media to improve teaching content- Education MIS for improved administration

BANK PROJECT EXAMPLES

- GIS based disease surveillance- Early warning systems for potential outbreaks- ICT based delivery of health info to citizens

- GIS based disease surveillance- Early warning systems for potential outbreaks- ICT based delivery of health info to citizens

- Tele-consultation with remote diagnosisfor rural areas- ICT based training and skills building for care-givers

- Tele-consultation with remote diagnosisfor rural areas- ICT based training and skills building for care-givers

- Health MIS for improved patient care- electronic shareable health records to improve transmission of information- Compilation and analysis of health-related statistics

- Health MIS for improved patient care- electronic shareable health records to improve transmission of information- Compilation and analysis of health-related statistics

COSTA RICA: Equity and Efficiency of Education ($ 51 mil): Development of an Education MIS; Distance Education training for teachers, and the networking of rural schools.

COSTA RICA: Equity and Efficiency of Education ($ 51 mil): Development of an Education MIS; Distance Education training for teachers, and the networking of rural schools.

BRAZIL: VIGISUS APL 2, ($100 Mil):- Improved disease surveillance & Control via access to quality information from ICT systems

BRAZIL: VIGISUS APL 2, ($100 Mil):- Improved disease surveillance & Control via access to quality information from ICT systems

NICARAGUA Health Sector II, ($82 mil) Institutional strengthening of Ministry of Health, via Information systems to make it responsive to the needs of its different end users (central MOH, hospitals and municipalities).

NICARAGUA Health Sector II, ($82 mil) Institutional strengthening of Ministry of Health, via Information systems to make it responsive to the needs of its different end users (central MOH, hospitals and municipalities).

Access & Quality

Of Education

Access & Quality

Of Education

DiseaseControl

DiseaseControl

Delivery of Health Care

Delivery of Health Care

HealthAdministration

HealthAdministration

ICT in Bank Operations: Applications for the SectorsEnvironment & Natural Resource Management

STRATEGIC FOCUS

POTENTIAL OF ICT

- Satellite maps for analysis of water flow

- Identification of new water resources

- Identifying areas of scarcity before water shortages occur

- Satellite maps for analysis of water flow

- Identification of new water resources

- Identifying areas of scarcity before water shortages occur

BANK PROJECT EXAMPLES

- Natural Resources (vegetation & bio-diversity) Monitoring Systems

- Disaster Management Systems

- Aggregating of Environmental Data to check compliance with regulations

- ICT based networking to allow citizen monitoring of safeguards

- Public awareness raising via online channels

- Natural Resources (vegetation & bio-diversity) Monitoring Systems

- Disaster Management Systems

- Aggregating of Environmental Data to check compliance with regulations

- ICT based networking to allow citizen monitoring of safeguards

- Public awareness raising via online channels

CHINA, SLOVAKIA, FRANCE: Data Fusion for Flood Analysis and Decision Support (US$4.2 million), infoDev: Aims to create a Decision Support System to provide solutions for flood prevention & protection, with near real-time prediction capabilities.

CHINA, SLOVAKIA, FRANCE: Data Fusion for Flood Analysis and Decision Support (US$4.2 million), infoDev: Aims to create a Decision Support System to provide solutions for flood prevention & protection, with near real-time prediction capabilities.

BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINA: Forest Dev/Conservation TA: (US$ 5 million), The project will install computer hardware, software and networking equipment for Forest Offices to better manage natural resource information. A Forest Management Information System worth 2.3 million will be developed as part of project requirements.

BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINA: Forest Dev/Conservation TA: (US$ 5 million), The project will install computer hardware, software and networking equipment for Forest Offices to better manage natural resource information. A Forest Management Information System worth 2.3 million will be developed as part of project requirements.

Water Management

Water Management

EnvironmentalMonitoring

EnvironmentalMonitoring

ICT in Bank Operations: Applications for the Sectors Social Development & Social Protection

STRATEGIC FOCUS

POTENTIAL OF ICT

- ICT for information gathering and analysis- Census, demographic surveillance systems- Monitoring systems to evaluate social programs

- ICT for information gathering and analysis- Census, demographic surveillance systems- Monitoring systems to evaluate social programs

BANK PROJECT EXAMPLES

- E- application for social benefit programs

- ICT facilitated rural insurance products- Agency sharing of beneficiary information

- E- application for social benefit programs

- ICT facilitated rural insurance products- Agency sharing of beneficiary information

- Women’s employment within ICT Sector- Vocational training via ICT- ICT facilitated lobbying - e-channels for reporting gender offences

- Women’s employment within ICT Sector- Vocational training via ICT- ICT facilitated lobbying - e-channels for reporting gender offences

- E-complaint filing, e.g. service delays- Monitoring of public resources by citizens- online viewing of public meetings, access to key gov. documents, e.g. budgets

- E-complaint filing, e.g. service delays- Monitoring of public resources by citizens- online viewing of public meetings, access to key gov. documents, e.g. budgets

BURKINA FASO: Development of the National Statistical System ($10 Mil) builds capacity to utilize timely, accurate quantitative and qualitative information to monitor progress towards national development goals, including MDGs

BURKINA FASO: Development of the National Statistical System ($10 Mil) builds capacity to utilize timely, accurate quantitative and qualitative information to monitor progress towards national development goals, including MDGs

LATVIA Welfare Reform Project (WB): development of a more efficient, effective social welfare system through strategic use of ICT.

LATVIA Welfare Reform Project (WB): development of a more efficient, effective social welfare system through strategic use of ICT.

BANGLADESH: Expanding Mobile Services and Empowering Women 1999; US$ 18.3 million (IFC) Provides access to mobile phone services for approximately 30 million people living in rural areas, particularly local women

BANGLADESH: Expanding Mobile Services and Empowering Women 1999; US$ 18.3 million (IFC) Provides access to mobile phone services for approximately 30 million people living in rural areas, particularly local women

Poverty Strategy

Development

Poverty Strategy

Development

Social RiskMitigation

Social RiskMitigation

GenderGender

Civic Empowerment

Civic Empowerment

ICT investments can have a high impact

• Karnataka (India) Bhoomi project– 20 million land records computerized– Investment of $4.2 million– Savings of $18.3 million in bribes annually

• Ghana’s GCNet– Created as a joint venture company with Société Générale de

Surveillance (SGS, 60%), Government (20%), Ghana Shippers Council (10%), and two local banks (5%,each)

– Equity of $5.3 million– Revenues through a 0.4% advalorem fee on imports– 49% increase in customs revenues in first 18 months and reduced

clearance times

Country Type of government application

Number of days to process before application

Number of days to process after application

Brazil Registration of 29 documents

Several days 20 30 minutes per document, one day for business licenses

Chile Taxes online 25 days 12 hours

China Online application for 32 business services

2-3 months for business license Several visits to multiple offices for filings

10-15 days for business license Several seconds for routine filing for companies

India, Andhra Pradesh

Valuation of Property

Few days 10 minutes

Land Registration 7-15 days 5 minutes

India, Karnataka Updating Land Registration

1-2 years 30 days for approval, request completed on demand

Obtaining Land Title Certificate

3-30 days 5-30 minutes

India, Gujarat Interstate Check Posts for Trucks

30 minutes 2 minutes

Jamaica Customs Online 2-3 day for brokers to

process entry 3-4 hours

Philippines Customs Online 8 days to release cargo 4 hours – 2 days to release cargo

Singapore Issue of Tax Assessments

12-18 months 3-5 months

Source: Subash Bhatnagar and Arsala Deane (World Bank, 2003).

ICT investments can have a high impact

BUT ICT investments are also high-risk…

• Guardian headline: “£2bn cost of government’s IT blunders” (Saturday January 5, 2008)

• Department of Works and Pensions alone accounted for £1.6bn in terms of failed IT projects

• Risks are high, though a lot learnt since the early days

Partial Failures 50%

Total Failures 35%

Successes 15%

Source: Richard Heeks. 2003. “Most e-Government-for-Development Projects Fail: How Can Risks be Reduced?”. IDPM i-Government Working Paper no. 14

e-Government initiatives in Developing/Transitional Countries

Move to Mobile

• As a viable means for service delivery

Mobile Communication Transformed SocietyMobile Communication Literally Transformed Society

as its Outreach Increased

Source: Com MN SM Market Assessment and Klaus Estenfeldy, November, 2006;

2010 2006 early 1985

Top appealing use case

Ø phone cost (US $) 1,000 200 40

Ø Cost / minute (US $)

Cell phone users (world) 200,000 2.2 BLN 4 BLN

“Voice calling from a car”

“Mobileentertainment

anywhere”

0,00

0,10

0,20

0,30

0,40

0,50

0,00

0,10

0,20

0,30

0,40

0,50

“Mobile communication for

everyone”

0,00

0,10

0,20

0,30

0,40

0,50

(2.5 cent)

45 cent8.1 cent 5.0 cent

(1.6 cent)

World

(India)

17

Mobile trends

Mobile phones have narrowed the gaps in voice communications worldwide

Some developing countries are beginning to leapfrog OECD counterparts

Mobile phones worldwide, millions Mobile density, per 100 pop.

The Diffusion of Mobile Applications is Fast

18

ICTs and Mobile Applications’ Diffusion is Tangible Across Sectors

Source: DFINTL, CITPO Analysis, December 2009

Mobile Applications Potential for Growth is still Largely Untapped

19

Even in Countries with 100% Mobile Penetration, Policy/regulatory Steps are to be Taken to Increase Access to Mobile Citizen Services

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

0.00 200.00 400.00 600.00 800.00 1000.00 1200.00

Mobile phone subscribers (per 1,000 people)

Po

pu

lati

on

co

vere

d b

y m

ob

ile

tele

ph

on

y (%

)

Uganda

Rwanda

Nigeria

Niger

Kyrgyz RepGhana

Cote d'Ivorie

BangladeshBelarus

FijiAzerbaijan

YemenMoldovaGuyan

Egypt

Congo, RepArmenia

Namibia

TunisiaSri Lanka

Syria

LebanonSouth Africa

BrazilGabon

Source: CITPO Analysis, 2009

Key Areas Where Mobile Applications are Already Wide-spread

20

• Disaster and Risk Management

– Disaster warnings– Alerts– Refugee coordination– Aid supply management

• Economic Development– Market data collection– Mobile Payments– Micro loan management

• Environmental Monitoring– GIS surveillance– Crowd data and open source

• Organizing/Advocacy– Information dissemination– Legislative advocacy– Voting mobilization– Anti-corruption reports

• Health:– Disease surveillance and

remote control– Information dissemination and

public health education– Drugs supply chain

management and aid relief control

• Accountability and Transparency

– Election monitoring– Human rights monitoring– Corruption monitoring

• Media and (Citizen) Reporting– Incidence/news mapping– Incident photo/video footage– News dissemination in restricted

environments

Source: Mobileactive.org, CITPO Analysis, 2010

Mobile Trends for the Next 10 years

21

Mobile Applications will Continue to Expand into Social Development Area

Top 5 Mobile Applications in 2012

22

Gartner Listed Top 5 Mobile ApplicationsBased on their Impact on Consumers and Industry Players in the

Upcoming Years

Source: CITPO Analysis, February 2010

23

Impact of ICTs on GDP growthImpact of a 10% increase in the penetration of ICTs on GDP per capita, 1980-2006

•Developing country mobile has 35% greater impact on GDP than developed

•Broadband has a 57% greater impact than narrowband

Implication: Future Mobile broadband could have a greater development impact than mobile voice when available

Mobiles and economic growth – some evidence

SerbiaPakistan Malaysi

aThailand

UkraineBangladesh

7%

6%

5%

4%

3%

2%

1%

0%

Contribution of mobile comms to total GDP, 2007

Source: Deloitte, cited in World Bank (2008), “The role of mobile phones in sustainable rural poverty reduction”

High and rising contribution of mobile to total GDP (Deloitte: see chart)

Job creation: 3.6 million jobs created in India by mobile industry (Ovum)

Productivity increases through business expansion, employment search, entrpreneurship, mobile banking, lower transaction costs etc (Deloitte)

Critical mass in economic impact appears to be reached at 25% penetration (Vodafone, India study)

Increased tax revenue (GSMA)

mHealth application – Example of social networking

• For people with no computing access, a mobile will be their first computing device.

India for example, has 25 PCs per 1,000 people, according to IDC. The U.S. number is 997.

People in India, like many in the developing world, choose mobiles over computers. They are cheap, and do the job.

Paradigm shift – for mobile telephony and the use in sectors

it is important that we do not see mobile technology as a “stand alone device” but as an integral part of the daily lives of civil servants, beneficiaries and their interactions with the sectoral system and the community in which they are working.

– Old statistic - Nine million new phones are sold in India every month, about 3 million more than the number of computers sold in an entire year.

– Sixty-six million people access the Internet via their handsets, according to the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India.

Change in behavior (with positive effects due to social networking)

• Increased peer-to-peer communication between health workers on all kinds of issues including health system or administration.

• helped build a closer-knit community between the health workers, facility staff and community members. Calls to meetings, stock availability, health days were communicated faster and improved efficiency.

• explore new ways of using the phone. One health worker took photos of skin rashes and showed this to the medical officer because she was unable to detect the cause of the rashes.

• Few health workers have advertised the phone numbers as official sub-center numbers and hence people from the catchment areas often call and discuss their health-related problems.

Final caveat

• Any mobile solution should be matched with

• the people’s skills,

•resources available,

•work practice

•and infrastructural context

Special thanks to

Mariana Medvetchi-Dahan – for additional data on mobile applications

Saptarshi Purkayastha – Director R&D, HISP India, NBITS example

• Contact• Deepak Bhatia, E-government Applications

Practice,Global ICT Department, The World Bank• dbhatia@worldbank.org