Europe After WWIEurope After WWI

Worldwide depressionHigh war debt owed by GermanyHigh inflation - very high pricesMassive unemployment

Causes of WWIICauses of WWII

Political instability and economic devastationRise of fascismThe AlliesShift in U.S. war policy (Isolationist to Lend-

Lease/economic aid to direct involvement)Tension between Japan and the U.S.

Political Political instability instability and economic and economic devastationdevastation in in

Europe lead to the Europe lead to the rise of FASCISMrise of FASCISM

FASCIST governments…FASCIST governments…Lead by dictatorBlind loyaltyRuled with violence and fearExtreme nationalism Strong militaryTotal control over government

FACIST LEADERSFACIST LEADERS

Adolf Hitler-Adolf Hitler-GermanyGermany

Benito Mussolini-Benito Mussolini-ItalyItaly

Hideki Tojo-JapanHideki Tojo-Japan

Winston Churchill-Winston Churchill-Great BritainGreat Britain

Joseph Joseph Stalin-Stalin-

U.S.S.R.U.S.S.R.

United StatesUnited StatesFranklin D. RooseveltFranklin D. Roosevelt

Churchill, FDR (U.S), StalinChurchill, FDR (U.S), Stalin

GermanyGermany Begins Begins WWIIWWII

Invades Poland - 1939Invades France -1940Attacks London in the Battle of Britain-1940-1941

BlitzkriegBlitzkrieg--lightning warfarelightning warfare

At first, U.S. stays out of At first, U.S. stays out of the war… the war… ISOLATIONISMISOLATIONISM

U.S is not involvedU.S is not involved

•By 1941, US helped Britain by providing war supplies in a program called Lend –Lease (economic help for Allies)•Tensions because of Japanese aggression – FDR stops US industriesfrom selling goods to Japan, and in 1941 FDR froze all Japanese assets in the U.S.•Tojo becomes head of Japanese government in October 1941 and decided it was time to act against the US

Bombing of Pearl HarborBombing of Pearl Harbor

U.S. U.S. declares declares

war war against against JapanJapan

Turning Point in PacificTurning Point in Pacific19421942

US beats Japan in Battle of Midway –Japan

now on the defensive

U.S.S.R beats U.S.S.R beats Germany at the Germany at the

Battle of StalingradBattle of Stalingrad1942-19431942-1943

Germany becomes weaker and weaker

Turning Point in Western EuropeTurning Point in Western EuropeJune 6, 1944June 6, 1944

D-DayD-Day

Allied forces land to take back Allied forces land to take back Normandy, FranceNormandy, France

V-E DayV-E DayVictory in EuropeVictory in Europe

After D-Day, the Allies liberated France, Belgium, and the Netherlands and pushed their way into Germany.

Soviet forces pushed in from the east and the two groups met in Berlin. Hitler committed suicide.

May 8, 1945 Germany surrenders.

The HolocaustThe Holocausta systematic or planned attempt to

rid the world of Jewish people

AryanAryan-Hitler’s idea of -Hitler’s idea of the perfect racethe perfect race

blond hair and blue eyes

Anti-SemitismAnti-Semitisma feeling of hatred towards the Jews

Final SolutionFinal Solution

Nazis boycott Jewish storesNazis take away Jewish political rights taken

– no longer citizens and could not voteNazis violently attacked and burned

synagogues, staged book burningsNazis “final solution” was extermination –

mass murder of Jews

Concentration camps Concentration camps like like Auschwitz and BuchenwaldAuschwitz and Buchenwald

6 million Jews were killed

1 ½ million Jewish children were killedMillions of blacks,

gypsies, homosexuals and people with

physical and mental handicaps were killed

Home-FrontHome-Front1941-19451941-1945

Blacks , Hispanics, and Japanese Americans served with honor in the military despite discrimination.

Internment campsInternment camps Japanese-AmericansJapanese-Americans either either

served in the army or served in the army or were sent to live in were sent to live in

“camps” that “camps” that were only for were only for

the the Japanese- Japanese-

U.S. was U.S. was afraid of afraid of

Japanese spies Japanese spies

Women Go to Work Women Go to Work with with Rosie the RiveterRosie the Riveter

Women Women took took jobsjobs in the war in the war factories/factories/industriesindustries

Atomic BombsAtomic Bombsused on Hiroshima and used on Hiroshima and

NagasakiNagasaki

Harry Truman becomes U.S. Harry Truman becomes U.S. president after FDR diespresident after FDR dies

Truman gives the order to drop the two atomic bombs on Japan on August 6 and 9,1945

Atomic Bomb Atomic Bomb DestructionDestruction

V-J Day V-J Day Japan surrenders on Japan surrenders on

August 14, 1945 August 14, 1945

ending WWIIending WWII

After the WarAfter the War

Marshall PlanMarshall PlanProvided money to help rebuild

EuropeAttempted to prevent the spread

of communism

Germany gets Germany gets splitsplit

East piece is run by U.S.S.R. and is communist

Western piece is democratic

Japan & U.S. Japan & U.S. become alliesbecome allies

Democratic government is set upU.S. and Japan are friends

United Nations United Nations is Createdis Created

Organization where countries can talk about problems and

try to avoid war