World War I

Europe1914-1918

THE MAKING OF WAR

Militarism

Alliances

Imperialism

Nationalism

MILITARISM

• Putting military concerns over all other affairs of a country.

• Military pride

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D6_r6eB_nQY

IMPERIALISM

• Establishing political & economic control over countries

• Europe = competition for new markets

NATIONALISM

• Extreme love of one’s country

• Super patriotism

ALLIANCES

• Agreement between countries to help each other if attacked

• Public & Secret

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UAeMeuuspmk

European Alliances

1907: The Triple EntenteAlliance between Britain, France, & Russia was made because of failing

relations between Germany and Russia and Germany and Britain

1907: The Anglo-Russian Entente

Britain & Russia ended their differences with this alliance

1904: Entente CordialeThis was an agreement but not a formal alliance between Britain &

France

1894: Franco-Russian AllianceRussia allied with France to protect herself from Austria-Hungary and

Germany

1882: The Triple AllianceGermany & Austria – Hungary make

an alliance with Italy to stop Italy taking sides with Russia

1881: Austro-Serbian AlliancePrevent Russia from gaining control

of Serbia

1879: The Dual AllianceGermany & Austria-Hungary make an alliance to protect themselves

from Russia

TRIPLE ALLIANCE

Austria-Hungary

Italy

Germany

TRIPLE ENTENTE

France

Russia

Great Britain

Spark that ignites war

• June 28, 1914

• Sarajevo, Bosnia

• Slavic nationalist assassinates Archduke Franz Ferdinand (heir to Austro-Hungarian throne)

Chain Reaction in Europe

• Austria-Hungary ultimatum to Serbia

• Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia

• Russia mobilizes (supports Serbia)

• Germany mobilizes (supports A-H)

• France mobilizes (supports Russia)

• Germany violates Belgium neutrality

• Great Britain joins war against Germany

A Bloody StalemateWhy?

• Trench Warfare

• New Weapons– Machine Gun– Long-range Rifle– Gas

• Failure to Adjust

Military Casualties of the European Great Powers

1914 - 1917

Dead Wounded

Austria-Hungary             800 000 2 300 000

Britain and empire 500 000 1 400 000

France and empire 900 000 2 100 000

Germany 1 600 000 3 900 000

Ottoman Empire 1 300 000 700 000

Russian Empire 2 400 000 5 900 000

TOTAL 8 700 000 22 100 000