World War I

World War I: 1914-1918

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GAS!

Death!Destruction

http://www.pinterest.com/judah55/ww1-western-front-gallipoli-misc/Frances Gulick was a Y.M.C.A. welfare worker attached to the First Engineers in Europe. She was awarded a citation for valour and courage during the aerial bombardment of Varmaise, France, where she operated a canteen. Harris & Ewing glass negative

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World War I: 1914-1918

I stood there before the crosses glowing white in row on rowEveryone a young life cut shortas the names upon them show.

The dates they died below the namestell of wars now passed and gonePasschendaele, the Somme, and Monsof battles fought, and lost or won.

History remembers, as it shouldthese men who fought and died Whilst for their families left behinda dull sorrow tinged with pride.

The faces of boys held now in Sepiawho died in days long goneyet living on in memories and hearts, still holding on.

Yet despite the hurt and grief here what with horror makes me fillIs that when I look behind methere are more new crosses growing still.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/worldwarone/hq/flanders_field.shtmlBill Mitton The Crosses http://www.warpoetry.co.uk/RemembranceB.htm

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Enlist Now! Your Country Needs You!!

http://mentalfloss.com/article/12383/21-world-war-i-recruitment-posters-around-globehttp://www.firstworldwar.com/audio/1917.htm4

World War-Draft or Enlist Enlist Men, Women, Dogs, Horses

Rise of NationalismMilitaristic GermanyMit Blut Und EisenBismarckAlliancesGermany with Austro-Hungary1882-Italy joined themFormed triple alliance known as the?Central PowersAnti-FrenchEngland and American-policy of?IsolationJuly 1888-who became Kaiser (emperor)of Germany?Wilhelm II

http://www.mp3olimp.net/german-military-marches/6

World War I-key factshttp://www.history.com/topics/world-war-i/world-war-i-history/videos/bet-you-didnt-know-world-war-i5 key points-Video Notes

What did the Nazis do to the Jews during the second world war?HolocaustExterminated themWhat did the Turks do to the Armenians in first world war?Exterminated themWhich atrocity have you heard about?Armenia - first nation to formally adopt Christianity (early 4th century)

Genocide! Armenians!!

Published onJul 5, 2013The Armenian Genocide is a 2006 television documentary exploring the Ottoman Empire killings of more than one million Armenians during World War I. The documentary was broadcast by most 348 PBS affiliate stations on April 17, 2006.Because of the controversial nature of the subject in Turkey, PBS attempted to give both sides a voice and produced a four expert panel discussion to be aired immediately afterwards.

However, due to an intense lobbying effort by Armenian groups and some members of Congress, the follow-up panel discussion was cancelled on a third of those stations broadcasting the documentary over concerns of offending human rights groups and the descendants of Armenian Genocide survivors.

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http://ezproxy.bcpl.org:2048/login?url=http://avod.infobase.com/PortalPlaylists.aspx?wID=104125&xtid=39141&loid=64924 Between 1894-6 and in 1909Worst between 1915-16Dead: estimated two million during this 20-year periodReligion of Turks (Ottoman Empire)?Islam (Muslims)Religion of Armenian minority?ChristianWhy?Armenians more wealthy than some Turks-jealous-envyTurks regarded Armenian nationalism as threat to Turkish ruleArmenians wanted independence from TurkeyArmenians refused to support government when it sided with Germany and Austria-HungaryScapegoats for Turkish defeat by Russians in December 19141915: Taalat Pasha, Turkish interior minister, ordered the elimination of the Armenian element. Ordered local leaders: to destroy completely all Armenians living in Turkey.Hitler noted when asked about his policy against the Jews: Who does now remember the Armenians?

Armenian Genocide

What was the response of the international community to the Armenian Genocide?They condemned the Armenian Genocide. In May 1915, Great Britain, France, and Russia advised the Young Turk leaders that they would be held personally responsible for this crime against humanity. There was a strong public outcry in the United States against the mistreatment of the Armenians. At the end of the war, the Allied victors demanded that the Ottoman government prosecute the Young Turks accused of wartime crimes. Relief efforts were also mounted to save "the starving Armenians." The American, British, and German governments sponsored the preparation of reports on the atrocities and numerous accounts were published. On the other hand, despite the moral outrage of the international community, no strong actions were taken against the Ottoman Empire either to sanction its brutal policies or to salvage the Armenian people from the grip of extermination. Moreover, no steps were taken to require the postwar Turkish governments to make restitution to the Armenian people for their immense material and human losses.

1991 full independence from USSRhttp://www.armenian-genocide.org/genocidefaq.htmlhttps://youtu.be/8J1mpAQDMII 9

Germany's last KaiserSon of Frederick III and Victoria, daughter of Queen Victoria, who was his grandmotherWilhelm and King George V of England-cousinsWilhelm, George, and Nicholas II of Russia cousinsLoved show and pageantryThought he was another Frederick the GreatDelighted when his grandmother made him an honorary officer of a British regiment-meant he could wear another uniformOwned many uniforms and liked to change several times a dayCrippled left arm from birthWWI, he said to his troops: Remember that you are a chosen people! The spirit of the Lord has descended upon me, because I am Emperor of the Germans! I am the instrument of the Most High. I am His sword, H is representative. Woe and death to all who resist my will! Woe and death to those who do not believe in my mission! Woe and death to the cowards! Let them all perish-all the enemies of the German people! God demands their destruction, God, who through my mouth, commands you to executive His will!http://youtu.be/JzbCh4c-8vA

Kaiser Wilhelm II (1859-1941)

Two of Queen Victorias many grandchildren, King George V and Kaiser Wilhelm II , pose in 1912 outside the mess of the Prussian Foot Guards in Berlin, surrounded by officers of the regiment. The king is on a visit to his cousin in Germany and, as was the custom, each monarch wears the uniform of one of the others regiments: George-Foot Guards; Kaiser-British 1st Royal Dragoons.George VWilhelm

GeorgeNicholas

http://youtu.be/JzbCh4c-8vAQuote from text, p. 522.http://youtu.be/4r7RDg-7yMc scenese of Kaiser

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Total War-Clash of EmpiresSpark in powder keg BalkansJune 28, 1914http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-i/world-war-i-history/videos/causes-of-world-war-i3 min.28 countries involved in WW IFighting on land, at sea, and in the airTOTAL WAR!Industrial superpowersArms race1906-Britian builds new type of war ship called the Dreadnought1914:Britain: 30Germany: 20

http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-i/kaiser-wilhelm-ii/videos/bet-you-didnt-know-trench-warfare?m=528e394da93ae&s=undefined&f=1&free=falsehttp://www.historyplace.com/worldhistory/firstworldwar/brit-dread-guns.htm

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TOTAL WAR!

... that involved at least 600,000 casualties in Belgium alone ... of which at least 550,000 occurred in the Westhoek region (Flanders Fields)...... where at least 300,000 of them are still buried today... and more than 200,000 still remain missing... ... in a place where more than 1.5 million people were wounded... ...and atleast 1.5million Belgian people fled from the war... ... from a place where millions of people, from over 50 nationalities fought...... in the war to end all wars

yet, since 1918, more than 130 wars have been foughtRed poppy from the fields of France-remembrance of people who died in WW IWorld War I: 1914-1918

Before.

During

After

http://www.inflandersfields.be/images/filelib/59982IFFEDUpakketENV2_434.pdfElgarSospiri, Op. 70

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Life in the TrenchesRats!Certain unexpected problems are involved in the rat problemThe rate serves one useful function-he consumes the corpses on No Mans Land, a job which the rat alone is willing to undertake. For this reason it has been found desirable to control rather than eliminate the rate population.Fleas & Lice=Trench FeverTrench Foot

Barry, p. 120 The war sentiment. Randolph Bourne, The War and the Intellectuals, The Seven Arts (June 1917), 133-4614

Christmas Truce 1914http://www.history.com/topics/christmas/history-of-christmas/videos/the-christmas-truce Treason-ExecutionWhy?

http://youtu.be/h4zPg5Kv_ugView the video about World War I in colour (British spelling) at: http://youtu.be/ZAUCghfaxC8Answer the following questions in full sentences:Name 3 weapons developed during WWI that changed how war was fought then and now?What does going over the top mean?What was No Mans Land?List 3 facts about the Battle of Verdun including where the town was located and the dates of the battle.What was the difference between male and female tanks in WW I?The Guns of August

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http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-i/world-war-i-history/videos/trench-warfareWorld War I: TECHNOLOGY!http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-i/world-war-i-history/videos/wwi-firstsU-Boats Sink the Lusitania in 1915 (Unterseeboot)Germany torpedoes a British passenger ship believed to be smuggling arms, anger at the resulting American deaths increases pressure on President Wilson to enter World War I.http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-i/world-war-i-history/videos/u-boats-sink-the-lusitania-in-1915What did you think about the caption of the Lusitanias decision to slow down?When did the U.S. Enter W.W.I?April 6, 1917

Trench Warfare & Technology

Advertising vs RealityWho was the Red Baron?http://www.redbaron.com/home.htm?gclid=CKTmjdCxnb0CFY6RfgodsD8AoQPizza maker?Snoopy?https://youtu.be/wtJ1Gnh9wPU

https://youtu.be/wtJ1Gnh9wPU17

Blue Max trailer: http://youtu.be/Efc6Y6LCuuc Stop 3:10Technology! Synchronized machine gun fires through rotating propellers Manfred von Richtofen-Red Baron80 killsBlue Max-Pour le mriteFlying CircusBloody April 1917-RFC lost 245 planesRoyal Flying Corps (RFC)-Suicide ClubErnst Udet 72 killsAntony Fokker-airplaneshttps://youtu.be/mKspJtIMPH0 7:36-Werner Voss-dead at 20

Air War

http://youtu.be/SfgL82jlA-4 History dogfights-Udet et al.http://youtu.be/U83fBrkqByc Red Baronhttp://youtu.be/8G2eAUt7Vho footage from the war including Manfredhttp://youtu.be/Efc6Y6LCuuc Stop at 3:10

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Allies Launch Disastrous Attack at GallipoliWanted to connect with Russian alliesWinston Churchill-First Lord of ArmiraltyPoor leadership/Bad planningDardanelles-loaded with mines, guns, and fortsNavy unsuccessful-shelling from forts and minesApril 25th: 35,000 Allied troops landed17,000 from Australian and New Zealand Army Corps (Anzacs)Turks opened fire from trenchesMany never made it to shore-Sea turned red with blood Allies continued to push forwardTrenched in!http://youtu.be/d-kVrdc9g_sSpring to summer-intense heat-drinking water scarce-corpses rotting in no-mans land buzzed with flies and reekedFlies contaminated soldiers food, infected wounds, spread diseasesThen winter came-frostbit and pneumoniaNovember-Allies withdrew50,000 allied men lost-87,000 TurksGallipoli-1915

http://youtu.be/v3VbcSsxHE0

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http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-i/world-war-i-history/videos/1916-battle-of-the-somme 1916 Battle of the SommeAfter two years of trench warfare, the Allies attempt to break through German lines on the Western Front. The ensuing battle willlast for months and result in more than one million casualties.

Summer 1916-The Somme

ELGAR, E.: Orchestral Music (The Longed-For Light: Elgar's Music in Wartime) (Callow, Gritton, BBC Concert Orchestra, J. Wilson)SOMM Recordings|SOMMCD24720

http://youtu.be/zmr1iSG3RTAThomas Edward Lawrence,1888-1935British ArmyofficerLiaison during theSinai and Palestine Campaignand theArab RevoltagainstOttoman Turkishrule of 191618Lawrence fought alongside Arabirregular troopsunder the command ofEmir Faisal, a son ofSherif HusseinofMeccaExtendedguerrillaoperations against the armed forces of the Ottoman EmpireLawrence's major contribution to the revolt was convincing the Arab leaders (Faisal andAbdullah) to co-ordinate their actions in support of British strategyHe persuaded the Arabs not to make a frontal assault on the Ottoman stronghold inMedinabut allow the Turkish army to tie up troops in the city garrison. The Arabs were then free to direct most of their attention to the Turks' weak point, theHejaz railwaythat supplied the garrison. This vastly expanded the battlefield and tied up even more Ottoman troops, who were then forced to protect the railway and repair the constant damage. Lawrence developed a close relationship with Faisal, whose Arab Northern Army was to become the main beneficiary of British aid.http://www.pbs.org/lawrenceofarabia/flash/emerging_fla.htmlhttp://avod.films.com/PortalPlaylists.aspx?aid=12187&xtid=43124&loid=99427

Lawrence of Arabia

http://youtu.be/a3tuBFHuYV4http://www.pbs.org/lawrenceofarabia/flash/emerging_fla.html Interactive-Sick Man of Europehttp://avod.films.com/PortalPlaylists.aspx?aid=12187&xtid=43124&loid=99427 BCPL History clip21

Volunteers in hospitals, nursing sick and wounded soldiersNavy reserveAmbulance drivers and stretcher bearers on front linesProvided immediate medical care on front linesNurses under fire!Most hospitals safe behind front lines-still subject to shell fireNurses had to cope daily with sight of dead and mauled bodiesGave traumatized patients comfort and reassuranceBritish nurse Edith Louise Cavell (1865-1915)-Red Cross hospital in German-occupied BrusselsTreated refugees and soldiers of all nationalitiesSecretly helped hundreds of Allied soldier to escapeGermans executed her by firing squadBut this I would say, standing as I do in view of God and eternity, I realize that patriotism is not enough. I must have no hatred or bitterness toward any one.

Women in the War

http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/education/focuson/film/film-archive/player.asp?catID=2&subCatID=3&filmID=26http://www.eafa.org.uk/catalogue/295

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Battalion of Death-mid-1917 RussiaMaria Bochkareva (b. 1889) persuaded government to let her set up a womans unitExecuted in 1920 by the Russian Cheka by firing squadPartly to shame men into fighting again2,000 strong battalion involved in heavy fightingWithin three months, only 250 still alive

Women in Uniform

Margareta Zelle known as Mata Hari (1876 15 October 1917)Dutchexotic dancerandcourtesanConvicted of being aspyExecuted by French firing squadinFranceunder charges ofespionageforGermanyBasically a double agent for France and GermanyTacticsWriting in invisible inkConcealing notes in hollowedout coat buttons and glass eyesGermany-merchant seamen and a few tourists taken prisonBritain-all Germans and Austro-Hungarians, including those who had lived there most of their lives, classified as enemy aliens and sent to internment camps for duration of warBritish royal family changed name from German-sounding Saxe-Coburg to Windsor

Spies and Secrets

Piano Concertofor the Left HandinD majorComposed byMaurice Ravelbetween 1929 and 1930Commissioned by theAustrianpianistPaul Wittgenstein (1887 1961), who lost his right arm duringWorld War Ihttp://youtu.be/KJTUUKAdZDUStart at 2:20Waste!

http://youtu.be/Gx7WAu_jAnQhttp://youtu.be/cc7ehb8agWY

You are in the trenches

http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/worldwars/wwone/perceptions_01.shtml27