world cultures. dimensions of culture hofstede et al. compares national cultures ways of...
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![Page 1: World Cultures. Dimensions of Culture Hofstede et al. Compares national cultures Ways of understanding, not labels Overlap and Correlation](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062422/56649f225503460f94c3b3f5/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
World Cultures
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Dimensions of Culture
• Hofstede et al.• Compares national cultures• Ways of understanding, not labels• Overlap and Correlation
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Individualist vs Collectivist
-Putting the individual first-Common in the U.S.-Subcultures can differ, Both can coexist-Group decision making is by consensus-More personality/opinion in individualist-More loyalty in collectivist societies-Individualism is more diverse population-Indiv=capitalist Collec=social
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Low vs High Power DistanceThe degree to which members of society are comfortable with inequality in power, influences, and wealth-India is high power distance-Ability to accept lot in life-Do not challenge authority-Dictates communication channels-low=indiv high=collec-low=empowered to change-Affects performance appraisal methods-Questioning processes, Quality issues-
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Low vs High Uncertainty Avoidance
The degree to which people tolerate risk and feel threatened by uncertain or ambiguous circumstances.-Risk vs reward-Affects how people invest-High avoidance yields fewer options-Rolling with the punches
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Cooperative vs Competitive
-U.S. is strongly competitive-Affects reward/compensation structures-Affects contractual relationships-Influences social norms-Probably goes with risk level-Team issues (function differently)
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Punctuality vs Relationships
-Collectivism-clock time vs event time-Competitiveness-Locus of control
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Direct vs Indirect Communication
-High context vcs low context-High context presumes understanding of unwritten
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Particularist vs Universalist
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Neutral vs. Affective
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Tight vs LooseText
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Conclusion
• How can you improve your cultural awareness?