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Exeter Cathedral Working together to understand, conserve and manage the heritage and mission Camilla Finlay B Arch (Hons) Dip Arch M Arch Dip Con RIBA AABC Cathedral Architect to Exeter Cathedral Churchcare : Building Performance : 2 October 2014

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Exeter CathedralWorking together to

understand, conserve and manage the heritage and mission

Camilla Finlay B Arch (Hons) Dip Arch M Arch Dip Con RIBA AABC

Cathedral Architect to Exeter Cathedral

Churchcare : Building Performance : 2 October 2014

‘We are all no more than life tenants of our heritage and we have a moral duty to pass it on in as good a condition as that in which we received it’ William Morris

Today, it is our duty not only to pass our heritage on to future generations in ‘good condition’ but also with a greater understanding of the heritage asset and its specific conservation needs together with a means to maintain the conservation through resources, skills, materials and viable funding streams.

To pass on the tools to maintain the condition

Exeter Cathedral

Exeter Cathedral exists for the glory of God and as a sign of God’s kingdom in the community.

It stands at the crossroads of the sacred and the secular, the spirit and the senses, and expresses its mission through:

• Daily worship and prayer • Welcome and pastoral care • Evangelism and Spiritual Development • Education and learning • Service to the community

Mission Statement

Exeter Cathedral - Location and Setting

EXETER

EXETER

EXETERAIRPORT

EXMOUTH

TEIGNMOUTH

CREDITON

RIVER EXE

M5

A30

A30

A38

A380

A377

A376

Nave

Choir

LadyChapel

PulpitumNorth

Transept South

Transept

Chapter House

Sanctuary

Retro-quire

Exeter Cathedral - Key Phasing

the ‘impressive scale and richness of architectural conception’ Sir Nicholas Pevsner & Bridget Cherry

‘one of the finest interior spaces which has come down to us from the later Middle Ages’ Richard Morris

the ‘unforgettable luxuriant palm-branch effect of the vaulting’ Sir Nicholas Pevsner & Bridget Cherry

the ‘enchanting realism of the bosses’ Sir Nicholas Pevsner & Bridget Cherry

the ‘inexhaustible variation’ of the window tracery Sir Nicholas Pevsner & Bridget Cherry

the ‘outstanding figure drawing’ of the early 14th-century glass Sir Nicholas Pevsner & Bridget Cherry

‘unprecedented grandeur’ of the bishop’s throne – ‘the most exquisite piece of woodwork for its date in England and perhaps in Europe.’ Sir Nicholas Pevsner & Bridget Cherry

‘miraculous preservation’ of the earliest series of misericords in Britain Sir Nicholas Pevsner & Bridget Cherry

We can add to these the West Front, Image Screen and its fine figures

And our understanding of the unique geology and phasing

West Front Geology (J.Allan, S.Blaylock, T.Ives)

West Front Phasing (J.Allan, S.Blaylock, T.Ives)

the collection of related Medieval documents and Anglo-Saxon literature

And below Cathedral Green the hypocaust of the Roman Bath House

Exeter Cathedral - 2012

The installation of the 70th Dean of Exeter Cathedral The Very Revd Dr Jonathan Draper and the development of the management and fabric teams at the Cathedral.

The delivery of the Third Millennium Campaign, securing the West Front, new Library & Archive, education and music facilities, funding for music, and renewed 2/3rds of the Cathedral Green.

A Quinquennial Inspection followed by a new Conservation Management Plan and a detailed assessment of all properties, uses and resources.

An Initial benchmarking exercise

Quinquennial Inspection

Highlighted a need to invest more in the maintenance of the general fabric and the team of masons and conservators who care for structure and artefacts

- local areas of severe fabric decay that may be connected to wider environmental impacts

- a general lack of understanding as to how the building is performing environmentally and structurally and the impact that this may have on the condition of the fabric

- a need for a more ‘inclusive approach’ to projects both in terms of scope and specialists

Recommendation - establishing a programme of general monitoring

Complexity and weakness in the rainwater disposal systems

Limited records of the existing drainage system

Defects in the stonework of the building envelope

Effectiveness and impact of heating system and services

Condition of stained glass and monuments

Areas of poor energy conservation

Conservation Management Plan

Defined the spiritual, historical, aesthetic and community significance of the architecture, collections and setting

- limitations of physical assets and endowments as well as the general shortage of roofed space

- confirmed the guiding principles for projects: - Understand the place - Significance should guide decisions. - Assess and consult on all proposed interventions thoroughly before deciding whether to undertake them. - Keep thorough records. - Do everything in a logical order.

Policy - Understanding comes before work

RECEPTION / ENTRANCE AREA

SHOP

AREA FOR WORSHIP/FUNCTIONS

CHAPEL (DEDICATED AREA OF WORSHIP)

PLATFORM LIFT

WC's

STORAGE AREAS

ACTIVITY SPACES

WORKSHOPS & SERVICES

OFFICES/MEETING ROOMS

RESIDENTIAL

KITCHEN & REFECTORY

K E Y

CIRCULATION ROUTES

VOID TO SPACE BELOW

ENTRANCE

LIBRARY & ARCHIVE SONG SCHOOL & SACRISTRY

0 10 20 30 40 50

metres

GROUND FLOOR LEVELEXISTING USAGES

(THIS IS NOT A MEASURED SURVEY. FOR ILLUSTRATIVE PURPOSES ONLY.)

CHAPTER HOUSE

CLOISTER

UP

UPUP

PEARSON BUILDINGCHURCH HOUSE

NO. 2 CLOISTERS BUILDING

NO. 1 CLOISTERS BUILDING

BISHOP'S PALACE

Bench Bench

screen

NORTH PORCH

NORTH TRANSEPT

LADY CHAPEL

SOUTH TRANSEPT

NAVE

CHOIR1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

910

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

2223

PRESBYTERY

SHOP

S.V .P

S.V .P

DEANS OFFICE

1 Great West Door2 Bishop Grandisson's Chapel3 Chapel of St Edmund4 The Font5 The Minstrel's Gallery6 The Martyr's Pulpit7 The Great Pulpitum Screen with the Organ over8 Chapel of the Holy Cross (Sylke Chantry) 9 Chapel of St Paul10 Chapel of St Andrew and St Catherine11 Bishop Stapledon's Tomb12 Chapel of St George (Speke Chantry)13 Chapel of St John the Evangelist14 Bishop Stafford's Tomb (Lady Chapel)15 Bishop Bronescombe's Tomb16 Chapel of St Gabriel17 Chapel of St Saviour (Bishop Oldham's Chantry)18 Chapel of St James19 The Bishop's Throne20 The High Altar21 Sedilia22 Chapel of St John the Baptist23 The Courtenay and Gilbert Tombs24 Former Chapel of the Holy Ghost

Analysis of existing ground level spaces and uses

Emerging themes

Enhanced facilities for staff and volunteers

More covered space to improve welcome, support enterprise initiatives including events, retail and catering

Quality visitor facilities including toilets

Significant space for interpretation of the Cathedral and Bath House, display and exhibitions

Modern and properly functional office and work space for staff, especially works department

Improved sound, lighting and data infrastructure

Sustainable environmental control

‘Back of house’ and general storage capacityCelebrating the past - Securing the future

We now understand

Exeter Cathedral has under-invested in many aspects of its life over the past decades. It also has no great endowments and has only a few properties (occupied by clergy or the Cathedral School).

The only significant way in which income can be increased is through work with visitors.

And that any increase in visitors would need to be carefully considered to conserve the architecture and artefacts

The Fundamental Problem

Working together to establish the wider ‘conservation’ issues and manage the care and development of the Cathedral

We have been growing our team of specialists:Cathedral Archaeologist - John Allan Architectural Historian - Dr Jo CoxConservator - Nick Durnan Structural Engineer - John MannEnvironmental Consultant - Tobit Curteis M & E Engineers - Martin and Anne Thomas Interpretation and Exhibition Designers - EventLandscape Architect - Robert Myers and Members of the FAC including Timber Specialist, Hugh Harrison and former Master Mason, Peter Dare

Working together to form a common understanding

E N V I R O N M E N T A L S U R V E Y A N D M O N I T O R I N G A T E X E T E R

C A T H E D R A L : P H A S E I A R E P O R T F O R T H E D E A N A N D C H A P T E R J U L Y 2 0 1 4

And with the support of the Friends - establishing a programme of environmental and structural monitoring to inform our approach to all projects at the Cathedral

Understanding the building performance

Thermal modelling from the initial assessment

Thermal modelling from the initial assessment

Investigations and testing of drainage systems

RG

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39.5

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MHCL 38.56IL 34.18

DECDia 300Sp 8000Ht 6000

38.79

39.09

39.14

38.80

38.72

38.78

38.92

TW 41.38

TW 41.34

TW 40.83

TW 40.53

TW 40.32

TW 40.06

TW 40.87

39.50

39.59

39.72

39.69

39.57

39.46

39.71

39.49

38.75

38.7638.81

38.6538.67

38.96

39.00

38.56

38.7338.73

38.77

39.21

38.98

38.89

38.92

38.91

38.7838.80

38.9738.93

38.9239.07

39.0339.11

39.10

39.03

39.1239.02

39.06

39.53

39.36

39.25

39.13

39.15

39.17 39.2539.49

39.00

38.73

38.75

38.81

38.98

38.97

39.17

39.09

39.0939.12

39.20

39.0539.05

39.07

39.22

41.2541.23

40.96

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41.05

40.96

40.85 40.57

40.16

40.51

40.71

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40.52

40.52

40.39

40.26

40.01

39.93

39.79

39.76

39.72

39.93

40.17

40.25

40.26

39.82

39.71

39.58

39.45

39.36

39.50

39.68

39.63

39.55

39.5839.62

39.54

39.53

39.40

40.28 40.15

40.31

40.78

40.76

40.62

40.47

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40.71

40.72

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40.90

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41.12

41.04

TW 41.67

TW 41.72

41.13

41.04

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40.97

41.01

40.8940.91

40.8540.86

TW 41.30

TW 41.31

40.75

40.77

40.76

40.73

40.71

40.7240.72

40.7140.71

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TW 41.33

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40.76

40.75

40.76

40.75

40.7940.81

40.8140.78

40.5740.46

40.08

39.95

40.70

41.0141.00

40.98

40.75

40.34

39.96

39.81

39.6139.62

39.47

39.40

39.64

39.11

38.91

38.99

38.97

38.97

39.03

38.96

39.40

39.35

39.49

39.63

39.29

39.18

39.25

38.88

38.88

39.30

39.25

38.95

38.9638.92

38.9238.91

38.9038.88

38.87

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39.3740.05

39.91

39.58

40.45

40.26

40.1139.85

39.36

39.9540.22

40.48

40.68

39.6439.64

38.37

38.25

38.23

38.35

38.44

38.46

38.48

38.49

38.80

38.7838.74

38.73

38.73

38.72

38.68

38.71

38.71

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38.6938.7038.71

38.70

38.67

38.59

38.79

39.09

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38.85

38.81

39.00

39.11

39.32

39.59

39.63

39.07

39.70

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38.6638.66

38.73

38.95

38.8538.80

38.56

38.30

38.28

38.25

38.1838.35

38.71

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38.82

38.82

39.01

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38.52

38.60

38.57

38.52

38.46

38.44

38.38

38.32

38.25

38.5538.50

38.50

38.60

38.62

38.71

38.96

39.51

41.04

40.95

40.87

40.93

39.63

40.03

40.62

40.92

40.80

40.78

40.4840.51

40.5140.47

40.2040.30

40.23

40.21

40.1640.04

39.97

40.05

39.96

39.76

39.76

39.66

41.00

40.67

40.19

39.05

39.18

39.41

39.70

40.44

40.82

41.02

40.97

40.90

40.59

40.38

40.16

39.55

39.5539.02

39.1038.99

38.61

38.76

38.72

38.86

38.9739.01

39.07

38.64

38.57

38.89

38.9139.3639.47 39.44

39.53

39.5439.6239.70

39.4539.4238.90

38.94

38.80

38.72

41.11

41.08

40.88

40.50

39.96

39.54

39.27

39.53

39.22

39.11

39.00

39.11

39.18

39.42

39.69

39.53

39.74

39.4139.34

39.82

39.9740.2340.35

40.50

40.67

40.78

40.63 40.7940.83

40.7940.78

40.6140.7940.78

40.7740.7440.49

40.49

40.50

40.52

40.6740.72

40.7440.62

40.7140.73

40.7240.7340.57

40.6040.7840.79

40.9640.89

40.82

40.76

40.7040.54

40.4140.28

40.12

40.16

40.39

40.63

40.9440.87

41.0341.05

41.0541.05

40.9741.1041.06

40.7940.92

40.9441.00

40.7540.77

40.7240.73

40.6940.51

40.36

40.2240.52

40.4540.41

40.2640.23

39.8340.18

40.1840.18

39.9739.91

39.80

39.73

39.70

39.3639.45

39.5139.56

39.6739.45

39.3639.30

39.34

39.3239.39

39.45

39.3039.37

39.4639.64

38.80

38.72

38.78

38.92

TW 41.38

TW 41.34

TW 40.83

TW 40.68

TW 40.53

TW 40.32

TW 40.30

TW 40.19

TW 40.05

TW 40.06

TW 40.87

39.09

39.50

39.59

39.72

39.53

39.46

39.7

1

39.4

9

38.7

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38.7938.79

38.67

39.00

38.9

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38.72

38.7338.75

38.7338.69

38.7638.69

38.76

38.7838.79

38.7

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38.78

39.21

38.98

38.89

38.92

38.91

38.8038.77

38.8238.84

38.8

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38.98

38.94

38.90

39.0939.16 38.97

38.8738.93

39.03

39.07

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39.06

39.53

39.36

39.25

39.13

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38.66

38.66

38.73

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39.00

39.05

39.17

39.09

39.1239.20

39.0539.06

41.2541.23

40.96

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41.20

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40.8540.57

40.16

40.51

40.71

40.83

40.94

40.52

40.52

40.39

40.26

40.01

39.93

39.79

39.76

39.72

39.93

40.17

40.25

40.26

39.82

39.71

39.58

39.45

39.36

39.50

39.68

39.63

39.62

39.54

39.55

39.45

39.44

39.45

39.38

39.29

39.24

39.22

39.30

39.33

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39.40

39.62

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40.78

40.76

40.62

40.47

40.78

40.71

40.72

40.75

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41.12

41.04

TW 41.67

TW 41.72

41.13

41.04

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40.97

41.01

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40.77

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40.71

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40.75

40.76

40.75

40.79

40.81

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38.35

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38.7

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39.34

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39.82

39.9739.91

39.97

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39.79

39.7439.85

39.78

39.86

39.7939.80

39.71

39.74

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39.66

39.70

39.4739.5539.61

39.56

39.53

39.3639.45

39.5139.56

39.36

39.30

39.64

EARTH STRAP

LIGHTING BOX

LIGHTING BOX

LIGHTING BOX

LIGHTING BOX

LIGHTING BOX

LIGHTING BOX

OLD CHURCHSPIRE

DECDia 260Sp 6000Ht 9000

DECDia 200Sp 6000Ht 9000

HORSE CHESTNUTDia 1400Sp 20000Ht 22000

MAPLEDia 900Sp 16000Ht 17000

DECDia 200Sp 8000Ht 6000

HOLLYDia 400Sp 4000Ht 4000

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LING

LOW STONE WALL

KERB LINE

KERB LINE

STEPS

COBBLED CHANNEL

COBBLED CHANNEL

KERB LINECONC SLAB FOOTPATH

36.9837.21

37.49

38.19

47.48

37.60

37.78

37.71

37.25

37.3937.21

36.6551.63

37.1737.10

37.5637.42

37.15

36.91

37.08

36.79

37.04

37.00

37.49

37.3238.04

38.1037.98

38.11

37.41

37.5538.17

37.75 37.57

37.69

37.64

38.07

37.67

38.20 37.5437.69

37.67

37.72

37.53

37.41

37.39

37.62

37.56

37.77

37.48

37.37

37.23

37.18

37.38

37.43

37.42

37.46

37.18

37.32

37.33

37.21

38.61

37.21

37.35

37.37

37.31

35.17

34.97

34.97

34.89

34.93

36.80

34.99

34.99

35.21

34.98

35.0035.02

35.27

35.32

35.45

35.34

35.44

35.40

S110

S109

S108

S107

S102

S101

38.53

292050E

292100E

92550N 92550N

DECDia 170Sp 4000Ht 6000

DECDia 300Sp 6000Ht 8000

COPPER BEECHDia 380Sp 8000Ht 10000

MH(CONC SLAB) CL 40.48

MH(CONC SLAB)CL 40.07

MH(CONC SLAB)CL 40.10

MHCL 40.12IL 35.44

MHCL 40.63IL 36.01

MH(CONC SLAB)CL 38.89

MH(CONC SLAB)CL 38.80

ST03 39.295

ST04 39.548

ST02 40.397

ST01 39.436

EXETER CATHEDRAL

CHAPTER HOUSENO.1 CLOISTERS

THE CLOISTERS

MULBERRY TREE

TIMBER CROSS

OVERHEAD WIRES

FMH1IL 4.8m

SWMH 1IL 1.4m

GULLEY

GULLEY

FMH2(combinedsewer)

GULLEY

SWMH 1IL 1.8m

150 dia clay S.W drain rigid laid

150 dia rigid clay (foil sewer) 15

0 di

a ri

gid

clay

GULLEY

SWMH 2IL 1.0m

4120

existing cobbledchannel 610edged both sideswith granite stone curb

redundant

SWMH 5

G14

G13

G11G12

150 dia. clay

G15G16

G17

G17A

Not a gulley - only open ended pipe at base of wall to edge of path

SWMH 6

G18G19

150 dia. clay

G22

G20

G23

150 dia. clay

G24

SWMH 7

G21

Not surveyed beyondSWMH8, details unknown

SWMH 8

Drainage run out of SWMH 7 deviates in direction as shown, no access to SWMH 8 at time of survey - CCTV undertaken from SWMH 7

G10

SWMH 4

G10A

Concealed MH

G8

G16

150 dia. clay

Redundant drain run to gulley 5.3m from MH, gulley hidden under grass by edge of path

G7G6

G5

G4

150 dia. claySWMH 3

Redundant drain capped at edge of path

Appears to be concealed MHunder york slabs - drain runs straight through - not a silt trap. There are 2 laterals - assumed redundant from old gulleys now picked up by G8 & G7 (needs investigation)

G3A

G3RWP direct connection no gully

150 dia. clay

G2A

G2G1

G1C

G1D

Gulleys not surveyed only from SWMH1 to Gulley 1B

G1E

G1B

Initial plan for sensor and transmitter locations

OLDHAMPASSAGE

CHAPEL OF STJOHN THEEVANGELIST

GREATWESTDOOR

Bench Bench

screen

CHAPEL OFSTEDMUND

NORTHPORCH

NORTHTRANSEPT

CHAPEL OF THEHOLY CROSS

CHAPEL OFST PAUL CHAPEL OF ST ANDREW

AND ST CATHERINE

LADY CHAPEL

CHAPEL OFST GABRIEL

SOUTHTRANSEPT

FORMER CHAPEL OFTHE HOLY GHOST

CHAPTER HOUSE

CHAPELS OF STJAMES AND STTHOMAS THEMARTYR

NAVE

BISHOPGRADISSON'S CHAPEL

THE GREATPULPITUMSCREEN WITHORGAN OVER CHOIR

BISHOPSTHRONE

HIGHALTAR

FONT

THEMINSTREL'SGALLERY

THEMARTYR'SPULPIT

BISHOPSTAPLEDON'STOMB

SEDILIA

CHAPEL OF STGEORGE (SPEKECHANTRY)

BISHOPSTAFFORD'STOMB

BISHOPBRONESCOMBE'STOMB

CHAPEL OFST SAVIOUR

CHAPELS OF STJOHN THEBAPTIST

To b i t C u r t e i s A s s o c i a t e s3 3 C a v e n d i s h Av e n u e , C a m b r i d g e , C B 1 7 U R

T: +44 (0 )1223 501958 F : +44 (0 )1223 304190

E: [email protected] W: www.tcassociates.co.uk TYPE: sensor & transmitter locations

SCALE: Not to Scale

SITE: Exeter Cathedral

DATE: May 2014

25

RH/AT

ST

AVConductivity/ PH

Rad T

Dust dosimeter

TiltLinear DisplacementPulse count

Room number

Repeater

Lux VOC

CO2

Diagram based on those supplied by Acanthus Clews Architects

TXserial Location20990 Chapter House20991 Nave W end low20992 Nave E end low20993 Choir low (Bishops throne)20994 Nave roof20995 S transept tomb20996 Choir roof21004 St Andrew's Chapel21005 Choir S aisle low21006 N Tower gallery screen21007 Lady Chapel tomb21008 Nave S aisle glass21009 Nave E high (in roof space)21010 Speke Chantry21011 Lady Chapel roof21012 Choir High (in roof space)21013 Nave W end High (in roof space)21023 External21459 Archives, in case21631 Repository, East21632 Repository, West (near door)21680 Archives, office21681 Archives, reading room20887 Archives, top of stairs22388 SE staircase22389 N tower, W wall22390 Lady Chapel, E wall23399 Pulpitum, S side

21010

2100720993

21005

20990

20991

21008

20992

20995

21004

21459

21681

21680

21631

2088721632

21023

210112101220996210092099421013

21006

22389

22390

22388

23399

Library and Archive

Initial Findings

The principal building envelope is providing a significant hydrothermal buffer between the internal and external environment, generally the environment is more stable than in other similar cathedral buildings

That the buffering is undermined by air leakage

The conditions are more variable within Chapels particularly to the north and within the Chapter House

The glazing is particularly prone to thermal fluctuations and condensation events

The heat emitters are creating hostile environments locally to the fabric, particularly to the south

Next steps refine our questions ...

Next steps

Prayer &Worship

Events &Education

Conserving

the HeritageDeveloping ‘Visitors’

Balance of conservation and development

Exeter CathedralWorking together to

understand, conserve and manage the heritage and mission

Camilla Finlay B Arch (Hons) Dip Arch M Arch Dip Con RIBA AABC

Cathedral Architect to Exeter Cathedral

Churchcare : Building Performance : 2 October 2014