work design. china has a large and diverse workforce many sectors examples: high tech internet...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Work Design. China has a large and diverse workforce Many sectors Examples: High Tech Internet Industrial Manufacturing Industrial and manufacturing are](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062802/56649eb25503460f94bb9b75/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Work Design
![Page 2: Work Design. China has a large and diverse workforce Many sectors Examples: High Tech Internet Industrial Manufacturing Industrial and manufacturing are](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062802/56649eb25503460f94bb9b75/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Work Design• China has a large and diverse workforce• Many sectors
Examples: • High Tech• Internet• Industrial• Manufacturing
• Industrial and manufacturing are prominent:• > 44% of China’s GDP• > 120 Million migrant workers
• Traditional structure and hierarchy• Narrow Tasks• Unskilled labor• Fordism
![Page 3: Work Design. China has a large and diverse workforce Many sectors Examples: High Tech Internet Industrial Manufacturing Industrial and manufacturing are](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062802/56649eb25503460f94bb9b75/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Work DesignBefore look at the work design, need to understand:Hierarchy and interpersonal relationships entrenched in cultureWu Lun – 5 relationship principles outlined in Confucianism• Emperor-Subject• Father-Son• Husband-Wife• Elder-Younger• Friend-Friend
• Workplace relationships in today’s workforce are defined by job roles and titles
“Knowing your place” Harmonious relationships between roles
![Page 4: Work Design. China has a large and diverse workforce Many sectors Examples: High Tech Internet Industrial Manufacturing Industrial and manufacturing are](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062802/56649eb25503460f94bb9b75/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Work DesignChinese white collar jobs• Guanxi• Workers form close relationships with each other• Important in how they treat co-workers
•But… remember Wu Lun? Relationships are defined and sub-ordinate to roles/titles
• Traditionally “Hierarchal” system• Top-level managers exercise most decision making control
• Analogous to the emperor-subject relationship• Senior managers may attempt to get on boss’ “good side”• Personal relationship tied very closely with work life and vice versa
![Page 5: Work Design. China has a large and diverse workforce Many sectors Examples: High Tech Internet Industrial Manufacturing Industrial and manufacturing are](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062802/56649eb25503460f94bb9b75/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Work DesignBut things are changing…• Younger generation of workers• Better educated• Less willing to adhere to old hierarchy tradition
• Friction with old-school managers• Separate work and personal relationships
• Take the emotion out of work context“it’s just business”
In short… resembling western workplaces
![Page 6: Work Design. China has a large and diverse workforce Many sectors Examples: High Tech Internet Industrial Manufacturing Industrial and manufacturing are](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062802/56649eb25503460f94bb9b75/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Work DesignManufacturing Factory production• Assembly line production• Menial work• Low wages• Long hours• Poor working conditions• Unenforced labor
standards• Unskilled labor• Many uneducated
migrant or rural workers
![Page 7: Work Design. China has a large and diverse workforce Many sectors Examples: High Tech Internet Industrial Manufacturing Industrial and manufacturing are](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062802/56649eb25503460f94bb9b75/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Work DesignLet’s visit Foxconn, a Chinese electronics manufacturing factory:• 8 am – 5 pm officially, overtime from 6 pm – 8 pm (or when production quota reached)• 1 – 4 “off” days a month• Work training = indoctrination• Company culture, obedience demanded, “cogs in a machine”
• Many people, but work is solitary• No talking, must have permission to leave post
![Page 8: Work Design. China has a large and diverse workforce Many sectors Examples: High Tech Internet Industrial Manufacturing Industrial and manufacturing are](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062802/56649eb25503460f94bb9b75/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Work Design• Routine and mundane tasks• E.g. connecting wires, inserting screws
• Overtime and overwork• Cases of insufficient pay or above 36 hrs/month limit• Unpaid ½ hour at beginning of workday
• Little compensation• Entry-level wage equates to roughly $ 0.86 USD / day
• Workers insulted and possibly abused by supervisors• Employees fined if they don’t finish eating lunch
![Page 9: Work Design. China has a large and diverse workforce Many sectors Examples: High Tech Internet Industrial Manufacturing Industrial and manufacturing are](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062802/56649eb25503460f94bb9b75/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Work DesignBut…• Government initiatives to improve the education and skill base for workers• Increasing availability of of primary and middle school education• Development of adult education opportunities
• Vocational training programs• Increasing labor skills training and apprenticeship• Pre- employment training• Work specific training programs
![Page 10: Work Design. China has a large and diverse workforce Many sectors Examples: High Tech Internet Industrial Manufacturing Industrial and manufacturing are](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062802/56649eb25503460f94bb9b75/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Referenceshttp://www.chinatechnews.com/2006/02/21/3447-279-chinese-high-tech-companies-exported-over-us100-millionhttp://www.jstor.org/stable/30034727http://www.chinalaborwatch.org/http://www.businessweek.com/2000/00_40/b3701119.htmhttp://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/06_48/b4011001.htmhttp://www.chinadaily.com.cn/english/doc/2004-04/26/content_326356.htmhttp://www.chinasmack.com/stories/beijing-life-tile-worker-pictures/http://www.businessinsider.com/life-inside-a-chinese-gadget-factory-2009-7http://daltonstate.academia.edu/BaogangGuo/Papers/74184/China’s-Labor-Standards---Myths-and-Realities-http://www.emsnow.com/npps/story.cfm?id=31932
Starmasshttp://www.starmass.com/china_review/economy_overview/china_gdp_by_industry.htmChina Dailyhttp://www.chinadaily.com.cn/english/doc/2005-09/21/content_479492.htmAsia Sentinelhttp://www.asiasentinel.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1077&Itemid=158Business week:http://www.businessweek.com/globalbiz/content/feb2010/gb20100216_566561.htm