woolen garments
TRANSCRIPT
WOOLEN GARMENTS
WOOL
IN THIS JOURNEY WE WILL LEARNWhat is wool
Its sources
Its types
Rearing
processing
Weaving and End Product
WHAT IS WOOL ????
Wool is the textile fiber obtained from sheep and certain other animals, including cashmere from goats, mohair from goats angora from rabbits
Sources of WOOL• Wool comes from sheep, goat,
yak, camel and some other animals. These wool-yielding animals bear hair on their body.
Types of wooL
lWool name Animal Region Characteristics Length Cross-section
uses
Mohair Angora goat
India U.S.A., South Africa, Turkey
Long length, softness, Springy nature, excellent luster, very little ability to felt
4-10 inches
25-55µ vast variety of textiles
Cashmere Tibetan goat
India Tibet
Downy handle, fluffy nature, brown or grayish white colour
1.5 – 3 inches
15 µ shawls
Alpaca Peruvian goat or llama
India Peru, Bolivia
Brown, gray or black in colour
10 inch 10– 35 µ lining or men’s wear
Production of Wool
Australia: 25% China: 18% New Zealand: 11% Argentina: 3% Turkey: 2% Iran: 2% United Kingdom: 2% India: 2% Sudan: 2% South Africa: 1% United States: 0.77%
REARING
Rearing means to look after the
sheep by providing shelter ,food and health
care. The person who
look after the sheep is called a
Shepherd.
Rearing of sheep
Lets, now learn the process involved in processing of wool
Wool land
SHEARING
The fleece of sheep along with a thin layer of skin is peeled from the body using large razor or with electrically-driven shearing machine
A Sheep is Sheared once a Year Shearing is done by hand or
Mechanically The fleece recovered from a
sheepcan weigh between 6 and 18 pounds (2.7 and 8.1 kilograms)
Grading and Sorting In sorting, the wool is broken up into
sections of different quality fibers, from different parts of the body
The best quality of wool comes from the shoulders and sides of the sheep and is used for clothing
Lesser quality comes from the lower legs and is used to make rugs/carpets
SCOURINGWool scouring is the process of washing wool in hot water and detergent to remove the non-wool contaminants
“Grease wool" contains sand, dirt, grease, and
dried sweat Weight of contaminants accounts for about 30 to
70 percent of total Fleece The wool is scoured in a series of alkaline baths
containing water, soap, and soda ash or a similar acids.
The byproducts from this process (such as (lanolin) are saved and used in avariety of household products
Rollers in the scouring machines squeeze excesswater from the fleece
Carding The fibers are passed through a series
of metal teeth that straighten and blend them into slivers
Carding also removes residual dirt and other matter left in the fibers
Carded wool intended for worsted yarn is put through Gilling and combing, Two procedures that remove short fibers and place the longer fibers parallel to each other
Carded wool to be used for woolen yarn is sent directly for spinning.
Combing is straightening and stretching the fibers to obtain maximum spinning capacity.
spinning is a process of making or converting fiber materials into yarns
Dyeing is the process of adding color to textile products like fibers, yarns, and fabrics
Woolen and Worsted Yarn woollen is a type of yarn directly
made from carded wool. Woolen yarn is soft, light, stretchy, and full of air
Worsted is a fine yarn made after Gilling and Combing and considered as high quality yarn
DifferencesWoolen Yarn Worsred Yarn
Spun from short wool fibers(1-3 inches long)
Spun from long wool fibers(more than 3")
Fibers are washed, scoured and carded
Fibers are washed, scoured, carded, combed and drawn
Low twist Tighter twist
Bulky, uneven yarn Fine, smooth yarn
Heavier weight Lighter weight
Does not hold crease well Holds crease well
USE OF WOOL
In addition to clothing, wool has been used for blankets, horse rugs, carpeting, felt, wool insulation
it is used to absorb odors and noise in heavy machinery and stereo speakers
As an animal protein, it can be used as a soil fertilizer, being a slow-release source of nitrogen.
Wool felted and treated with lanolin is water resistant, air permeable, and slightly antibacterial
Some Fun Facts On Wool
•Wool is comparatively stronger than steel.•Wool is fire resistant•Wool can absorb up to 30% of its weight in moisture
Efforts by Rana Ali Haider
Saqib Aftab