wolfram data summit: new frontiers in astronomy
DESCRIPTION
What are the challenges facing astronomy? How can astronomy cope with the changing landscape for both data and collaborations? Here I tried to frame the problem and give some possible answers to what astronomers and others needs to address.TRANSCRIPT
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New Frontiers in Astronomy Dr Alberto ContiSpace Telescope Science Institute
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April 2006
• Visible – Hubble Space Telescope• Gamma rays - Compton Gamma Ray Obs.• X-rays - Chandra X-ray Observatory• Infrared - Spitzer Space Telescope
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Optimize the science from community-led astrophysics missions and projects. Develop, nurture, and share innovations in space astronomy science operations.
Collaborate on the next generation of space astrophysics programs.
Optical & UVData Archive
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Astronomy Project TimelineA Partial List of Key Astrophysics Facilities
Start date and Probable Duration
HST
Spitzer
Chandra
FUSE
GALEX
GLAST
Kepler
WMAP
JWST
SWIFT
Beyond Einstein
XMM
SOFIA
INTEGRAL
Ares V Flights
Herschel - Planck
WISE
NVO Operations
ALMA
TMT
LSST
PANSTARRS
NVO Development
SDSS
VLT & Gemini Observatories
SIM? TPF?
2000 2005 2010 2015 2020
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Astronomy Project TimelineSTScI Project and Mission Activity
HST
Spitzer
Chandra
FUSE
GALEX
GLAST
Kepler
WMAP
JWST
SWIFT
Beyond Einstein
XMM
SOFIA
INTEGRAL
Ares V Flights
Herschel - Planck
WISE
NVO Operations
ALMA
TMT
LSST
PANSTARRS
NVO Development
SIM? TPF?
SDSS
VLT & Gemini Observatories
Start date and Probable Duration2000 2005 2010 2015 2020
LSST
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Challenges for the Future
Space is big!For one picture you need a 2 Trillion pixels camera!
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Challenges for the Future
Monochrome : 4 Terabytes or
5% of the Library of Congress
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Challenges for the Future
Color: 100 Terabytes or
the 21% more than the entire Library of Congress
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Challenges for the Future
Time: 10 Petabytesor
120 times the entireLibrary of Congress
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Challenges for the Future
New analysis & visualization tools are required
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Astronomy is changing
Detectors follow Moore’s Law
Total data doubles every year
Growth over 25 years is a factor of 30 in glass, 3000 in pixels
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ComputerScience Biology Economics
Medicine Government Astronomy
Massive amounts of information
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ComputerScience Biology Economics
Medicine Government Astronomy
Massive amounts of information
e-Science
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New Science Paradigm for Astronomy
Time
Dat
a Vo
lum
e
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New Paradigm Issues
• Moving data around is hard
• Extracting knowledge is hard
• Complex, difficult to use
• Hard for user to publish their own data
• Many distributed services are unreliable
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ASTRONOMY IS SPECIAL!
No commercial value
Ideal testbed for complex algorithms
Interesting problems
Plenty of data
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ADAPT OR PERISH
Google Earth, Microsoft Virtual Earth have revolutionized the way we look at our planet
We need a new synergistic approach to the challenge of bringing the universe to our desktops
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New Science Paradigm:First Iteration
Mission A
Mission B
Mission C
Observatory X
Observatory Y
Few Data Standards, Some Protocols
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New Science Paradigm:Second Iteration
Data Standards, Protocols Simple Mining Tools
Mission A
Mission B
Mission C
Observatory X
Observatory Y
Metadata
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NASA Data Centers
Intʼl Data Centers
IndividualUsers
Kitchen Sink
New Science Paradigm:Science 2.0
MAST @ STScI
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Global Challenges
• Reduce obstacles to Capturing, Organizing, Summarizing, Analyzing, Visualizing, and Curating
• Consider data and algorithms as “the product”
• Adopt semantic technologies to enable automated metadata tagging, clustering and mining
• Transition to the new astronomy
• Sociological issues
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• Infrastructure not available for intensive data mining
• Solutions for handling large datasets are lacking
• Cloud hosting solutions still expensive
• Unclear if commercial solutions can fit science needs
Technological Challenges
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• We must partner with other academic disciplines: Computer Science, Statistics, ...
• We must leverage partnerships with industry interested in enabling Science 2.0
• We must learn to be humble and ask for help
• We must remember that we have the greatest datasets in the world (universe really!)
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