Write on for IsraelWrite on for Israel

Israel Advocacy TrainingWeek 1

Israel Advocacy TrainingWeek 1

Historical Background

Antiquity

Exile

Modern Zionism

1947-1949

The Problem of Refugees

Map of first

kingdoms

Map of first

kingdoms

Years of DiasporaYears of Diaspora

313 - Byzantine Rule

636 - Arabian Rule

1099 - Crusader Rule

1291 - Mamluk Rule

1517 - Ottoman Rule

1918 - British Rule

313 - Byzantine Rule

636 - Arabian Rule

1099 - Crusader Rule

1291 - Mamluk Rule

1517 - Ottoman Rule

1918 - British Rule

Map of Diaspora

age

Map of Diaspora

age

The Zionist movementThe Zionist movement

The Zionist Idea

Herzl

The Five Aliyot

British Mandate

Arab-Jewish Conflict

The Zionist Idea

Herzl

The Five Aliyot

British Mandate

Arab-Jewish Conflict

Arab-Jewish ConflictArab-Jewish Conflict

Arab Nationalism

The Mufti

Strikes and “intifada”s

Arab Nationalism

The Mufti

Strikes and “intifada”s

Underground ArmiesUnderground Armies

Hagana - Palmach (Havlaga policy)

Etzel - Irgun Tzevai Leumi

Lechi - Luchamei Cheirut Yisrael

Hagana - Palmach (Havlaga policy)

Etzel - Irgun Tzevai Leumi

Lechi - Luchamei Cheirut Yisrael

Unscop - 1947Unscop - 1947Testimony

Displaced Person Camps

Exodus

Testimony

Displaced Person Camps

Exodus

partition Planpartition PlanTwo State SolutionTwo State Solution

War of IndependenceWar of Independence

Civil War

Arab Invasion

Civil War

Arab Invasion

Arab InvasionArab Invasion

The State of IsraelThe State of Israel

Benny Morris- The New Historians

The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem, 1947-1949 (1988)

The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited (2004)

228 Abandoned Arab Villages

41 - Expelled

90 - Fled

46 - Unknown

Deir YassinDeir Yassin

QuickTime™ and aAVC Coding decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

Arab RefugeesArab Refugees

Jewish RefugeesJewish Refugees

Declaration of Independence (May 14, 1948)Declaration of Independence (May 14, 1948)

• ““We appealWe appeal - in the very midst of the - in the very midst of the onslaught launched against us now for months onslaught launched against us now for months - - to the Arab inhabitants of the State of to the Arab inhabitants of the State of Israel to preserve peace and participate in Israel to preserve peace and participate in the upbuilding of the State on the basis of the upbuilding of the State on the basis of full and equal citizenshipfull and equal citizenship and due and due representation in all its provisional and representation in all its provisional and permanent institutions. permanent institutions.

• ““We extend our hand to all neighbouring We extend our hand to all neighbouring states and their peoples in an offer of states and their peoples in an offer of peace and good neighbourlinesspeace and good neighbourliness, and , and appeal to them to establish bonds of appeal to them to establish bonds of cooperation and mutual help with the cooperation and mutual help with the sovereign Jewish people settled in its own sovereign Jewish people settled in its own land. The State of Israel is prepared to do its land. The State of Israel is prepared to do its share in a common effort for the advancement share in a common effort for the advancement of the entire Middle East. “of the entire Middle East. “

• ““We appealWe appeal - in the very midst of the - in the very midst of the onslaught launched against us now for months onslaught launched against us now for months - - to the Arab inhabitants of the State of to the Arab inhabitants of the State of Israel to preserve peace and participate in Israel to preserve peace and participate in the upbuilding of the State on the basis of the upbuilding of the State on the basis of full and equal citizenshipfull and equal citizenship and due and due representation in all its provisional and representation in all its provisional and permanent institutions. permanent institutions.

• ““We extend our hand to all neighbouring We extend our hand to all neighbouring states and their peoples in an offer of states and their peoples in an offer of peace and good neighbourlinesspeace and good neighbourliness, and , and appeal to them to establish bonds of appeal to them to establish bonds of cooperation and mutual help with the cooperation and mutual help with the sovereign Jewish people settled in its own sovereign Jewish people settled in its own land. The State of Israel is prepared to do its land. The State of Israel is prepared to do its share in a common effort for the advancement share in a common effort for the advancement of the entire Middle East. “of the entire Middle East. “

- Source: Declaration of Independence of The State of Israel, paragraph 16,17 www.mfa.gov.il- Source: Declaration of Independence of The State of Israel, paragraph 16,17 www.mfa.gov.il

May 15, 1948: Arab ResponseMay 15, 1948: Arab ResponseMay 15, 1948: Arab ResponseMay 15, 1948: Arab Response

““Our position is clear, and Our position is clear, and has been proclaimed on has been proclaimed on every occasion. It is never every occasion. It is never to allow the creation of a to allow the creation of a Jewish State in Palestine, Jewish State in Palestine, and to exclude partition.”and to exclude partition.”

Prime Minister of Transjordan, Prime Minister of Transjordan, Tawfiq Abu al-Huda, as quoted in UN Tawfiq Abu al-Huda, as quoted in UN Progress Report on PalestineProgress Report on Palestine

““Our position is clear, and Our position is clear, and has been proclaimed on has been proclaimed on every occasion. It is never every occasion. It is never to allow the creation of a to allow the creation of a Jewish State in Palestine, Jewish State in Palestine, and to exclude partition.”and to exclude partition.”

Prime Minister of Transjordan, Prime Minister of Transjordan, Tawfiq Abu al-Huda, as quoted in UN Tawfiq Abu al-Huda, as quoted in UN Progress Report on PalestineProgress Report on Palestine

UN definition:UN definition:

““[A person who] owing to a well-founded fear of being [A person who] owing to a well-founded fear of being persecuted . . . is outside the country of his nationality” persecuted . . . is outside the country of his nationality”

Causes:Causes:

• War, famine, displacement, escaping conflictWar, famine, displacement, escaping conflict

2020thth Century Refugees: Century Refugees:

• Over 70 million refugees in post-WWII EuropeOver 70 million refugees in post-WWII Europe

• Countless numbers in Africa from numerous civil warsCountless numbers in Africa from numerous civil wars

UN definition:UN definition:

““[A person who] owing to a well-founded fear of being [A person who] owing to a well-founded fear of being persecuted . . . is outside the country of his nationality” persecuted . . . is outside the country of his nationality”

Causes:Causes:

• War, famine, displacement, escaping conflictWar, famine, displacement, escaping conflict

2020thth Century Refugees: Century Refugees:

• Over 70 million refugees in post-WWII EuropeOver 70 million refugees in post-WWII Europe

• Countless numbers in Africa from numerous civil warsCountless numbers in Africa from numerous civil wars

RefugeesRefugeesRefugeesRefugees

Palestinian RefugeesPalestinian Refugees

UNRWA (Not UNHCR):United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (founded in 1949)

Palestinian Refugee Definition:Persons whose normal place of residence was Palestine between June 1946 and May 1948, who lost both their homes and means of livelihood as a result of the 1948 Arab-Israeli conflict [including] the descendants of persons who became refugees in 1948.

Number of Palestinian refugees:1950: 914,0002005: over 4.2 million

UNRWA (Not UNHCR):United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (founded in 1949)

Palestinian Refugee Definition:Persons whose normal place of residence was Palestine between June 1946 and May 1948, who lost both their homes and means of livelihood as a result of the 1948 Arab-Israeli conflict [including] the descendants of persons who became refugees in 1948.

Number of Palestinian refugees:1950: 914,0002005: over 4.2 million

The Forgotten RefugeesThe Forgotten RefugeesThe Forgotten RefugeesThe Forgotten Refugees

Palestinian-Arab Refugees Used as PawnsPalestinian-Arab Refugees Used as PawnsPalestinian-Arab Refugees Used as PawnsPalestinian-Arab Refugees Used as Pawns

“Since 1948 Arab leaders  have approached the Palestine problem in an irresponsible manner…. They have used the  Palestinian people for selfish political purposes. This is ridiculous and, I could say, criminal.”

“Since 1948 Arab leaders  have approached the Palestine problem in an irresponsible manner…. They have used the  Palestinian people for selfish political purposes. This is ridiculous and, I could say, criminal.”

King Hussein of Jordan,

Daily Star (Beirut), Jan. 19, 1960

Camp David, July 2000Camp David, July 2000

Camp Camp David David

ProposalProposal

Camp Camp David David

ProposalProposal

Source: Ross, Dennis. The Missing Peace

Source: Ross, Dennis. The Missing Peace

World Public Opinion PollWorld Public Opinion PollWorld Public Opinion PollWorld Public Opinion Poll

““As was the case a As was the case a year ago, Iran and year ago, Iran and Israel received the Israel received the

most negative most negative ratings…”ratings…”

worldpublicopinion.orgworldpublicopinion.org

Responses to reading at OSU“I didn't know about the way Israel constructed the check points and the roads. Its like they are herding the Palestinians like animals... I absolutely could not believe how evil these people were.”

“I know that the relationship between the US and Israel will never change, but I can't believe that our Government, present and past, would allow and support this kind of Government.”

“Palestinians people lost everything they had before and Israel took a land which is not belonging to them and the Israeli government said they want to live in peace which I think untrue”

Our Guiding QuestionOur Guiding QuestionOur Guiding QuestionOur Guiding QuestionWhy is anti-Israel sentiment on the rise on campuses

and in various communities?Why is anti-Israel sentiment on the rise on campuses

and in various communities?

The ElephantThe ElephantThe ElephantThe Elephant

The Elephant Exercise:

Context

Zooming in

Zooming out

The Arab-Israeli Conflict?

The Elephant Exercise:

Context

Zooming in

Zooming out

The Arab-Israeli Conflict?

Partial TruthPartial TruthPartial TruthPartial Truth

Essential ContextEssential ContextEssential ContextEssential Context

www.intelligence.org.il (3/29/2002) www.intelligence.org.il (3/29/2002)

Our Guiding QuestionOur Guiding QuestionOur Guiding QuestionOur Guiding Question

Why is anti-Israel sentiment on the rise on campuses and in various communities?

Many academics, journalists and community leaders have provided only a partial picture

of complex issues.

Why is anti-Israel sentiment on the rise on campuses and in various communities?

Many academics, journalists and community leaders have provided only a partial picture

of complex issues.