wireless: interactions with agriculture and environment in developing and emerging regions
DESCRIPTION
Presentation aims at exploring relationship between agriculture & environment and ICT & Wireless. Furthermore, the presentation explores how ICT and particularly wireless tools and technologies can be employed to tackle the food, water & energy nexus in light of climate change.TRANSCRIPT
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Wireless: interactions with agriculture & environment in developing and emerging regions
Simone SalaResearcher at Columbia University CICR, MIT-IBM NSRC, University of Milan DISAA
Practitioner in between the above
March 21, 2013International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) – Trieste, Italy
School on Applications of Open Spectrum and White Spaces Technologies
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Index
1. Why should we care about Agriculture and Environment as Wireless people?
2. How can we tackle the Water-Energy-Food (WEF) nexus?
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Why should we care about Agriculture/Environment as ICT people??Driving forces & Technology right in the middle
MarketDemocracy
Sustainability
Local Global
Shor
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rmLo
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Technology
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Why should we care about Agriculture/Environment as ICT people??Driving forces & Technology right in the middle
MarketDemocracy
Sustainability
Local Global
Shor
t-te
rmLo
ng-t
erm
Technology
![Page 5: Wireless: interactions with agriculture and environment in developing and emerging regions](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060110/555cbcbed8b42a64718b49e3/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Why should we care about Agriculture/Environment as ICT people??Driving forces & Technology right in the middle
MarketDemocracy
Sustainability
Local Global
Shor
t-te
rmLo
ng-t
erm
Technology
Everyone
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Why should we care about Agriculture/Environment as ICT people??Driving forces & Technology right in the middle
MarketDemocracy
Sustainability
Local Global
Shor
t-te
rmLo
ng-t
erm
Technology
![Page 7: Wireless: interactions with agriculture and environment in developing and emerging regions](https://reader033.vdocuments.mx/reader033/viewer/2022060110/555cbcbed8b42a64718b49e3/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Why should we care about Agriculture/Environment as ICT people??
(1) Telecoms – Energy nexus
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Why should we care about Agriculture/Environment as ICT people??
(1) Telecoms – Energy nexus
• Higher mobile telecom costs in developing & emerging regions…
Partly due to > costs of power supply to support continuity of service
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Why should we care about Agriculture/Environment as ICT people?? (2) Energy – Climate nexus
• Anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions primary cause of global warming
• Most of emissions comes from burning fossil fuels – Agriculture as a top contributor too
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Why should we care about Agriculture/Environment as ICT people??(3) Climate – Telecoms nexus
• Precipitation (especially heavy rainfall) affect satelite telecommunications– Rain fade signal absorption by air moisture and by
wetness on antenna surfaces
• Extreme events affect mobile telecommunications infrastructures
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Why should we care about Agriculture/Environment as ICT people??(4) The whole WEF + climate nexus
WaterClimate
EnergyFood
• Increasing water, food & energy demand: +30/50% between 2010-2013 (World Economic Forum, 2011)
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How can we tackle the Water-Energy-Food (WEF) nexus?TVWS & Energy/Climate
TVWS makes a difference in terms of: • Power consumption: low input & output power
– Works at low frequencies compared to other wireless networks
– Emerging TVWS protocols tend to minimize protocol overhead (hence > energy efficiency!)
• Weather susceptibility – TVWS is not affected by moisture in the air and by
wetness on antenna surfaces
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How can we tackle the WEF nexus?Finding Wireless’ place
Record dataand information
Transform data and information into knowledge
Broadcast & Communicate
Information and Knowledge
Observation Analysis & Strategic Planning
Implementation &
Management
Capacity Building & Networking
Wireless can help
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How can we tackle the WEF nexus?Wireless & climate change
Wireless can be a catalyzer for:
• Awareness raising on global/local climate issues– Dissemination of climate change awareness messages via low/high tech
• Monitoring of climate parameters and natural resources– Smartphone, sensors, remote sensing integration as a two-way channel for
monitoring
• Climate change Mitigation– Track impact of carbon sequestration initiatives
• Adaptation to climate change– Dissemination of short-term information, knowledge sharing
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How can we tackle the WEF nexus?Wireless & improved water distribution systems
• IXEM Lab’s Water Mole– Goal: recognize pipe damages or fluid leakages– Strategy: A wireless sensor measures liquid pressure
over time/frequency through a distribution network
http://www.ixem.polito.it/
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How can we tackle the WEF nexus?Wireless & improved agri-food systems
• Many applications!
Greenhouse control
Animal feed control
Precision Farming
Weather
Agro-ecological Monitoring
Wireless
Traceability
Food packaging
Animal/crop identification
Transportation
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How can we tackle the WEF nexus?Wireless & improved agri-food systems
• Pest monitoring & traceability system in Jamaica (Caribbean Agricultural Research and Development Institute, CARDI)
• Problem: fall of hot pepper exports to US because of pests (20M$/year, 50'000 workers)
• Solution: GPS-powered map ofproducers, provision of inspectors w/ portable devices to monitor production and track pest outbreaks http://goo.gl/t2L5OF
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Thank you!
Simone Sala
• Web: www.simonesala.it
• Twitter: @hereissimone
Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, revisited