winter forages for the cattle herd dr. matt hersom extension beef cattle specialist dept. of animal...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Winter Forages for the Cattle Herd Dr. Matt Hersom Extension Beef Cattle Specialist Dept. of Animal Sciences](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062621/551c21f2550346a84f8b5be5/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Winter Forages for the Cattle Herd
Dr. Matt HersomExtension Beef Cattle Specialist
Dept. of Animal Sciences
![Page 2: Winter Forages for the Cattle Herd Dr. Matt Hersom Extension Beef Cattle Specialist Dept. of Animal Sciences](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062621/551c21f2550346a84f8b5be5/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Seasonality of Growth
• Unfortunately, no single forage grows year round or remains high in quality year round
• Let’s look at seasonality and bahiagrass.
![Page 3: Winter Forages for the Cattle Herd Dr. Matt Hersom Extension Beef Cattle Specialist Dept. of Animal Sciences](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062621/551c21f2550346a84f8b5be5/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Bahiagrass Seasonality in Forage DM Production (lb/acre/day)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Jan Mar May July Sept Nov
MonthCourtesy of Dr. L. Sollenberger
![Page 4: Winter Forages for the Cattle Herd Dr. Matt Hersom Extension Beef Cattle Specialist Dept. of Animal Sciences](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062621/551c21f2550346a84f8b5be5/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Seasonality
• Cold temperature limitation
• Likely drought stress• High growth rates
mean that more forage is being produced than the animals are eating
• Growth slows because days are shorter; plants prepare for winter.
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Jan Mar May July Sept Nov
Month
Courtesy of Dr. L. Sollenberger
![Page 5: Winter Forages for the Cattle Herd Dr. Matt Hersom Extension Beef Cattle Specialist Dept. of Animal Sciences](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062621/551c21f2550346a84f8b5be5/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Season of Growth
• What can we do about seasonality?
• Unfortunately, no single forage grows year round or remains high in quality year round
• In North Florida, South Georgia, and South Alabama, year-round forage production systems can be put together that minimize periods of quantity and quality short fall.
![Page 6: Winter Forages for the Cattle Herd Dr. Matt Hersom Extension Beef Cattle Specialist Dept. of Animal Sciences](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062621/551c21f2550346a84f8b5be5/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Rye-Ryegrass Seasonality of Forage Production (lb/acre/day)
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May June
Month
Rye Ryegrass
Courtesy of Dr. L. Sollenberger
![Page 7: Winter Forages for the Cattle Herd Dr. Matt Hersom Extension Beef Cattle Specialist Dept. of Animal Sciences](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062621/551c21f2550346a84f8b5be5/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Seasonality of Cool-Season Grasses
• Small grain more productive earlier
• Ryegrass most productive in spring as small grain starts to fade
• Clovers– Crimson– Red
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May June
Month
Rye Ryegrass
Courtesy of Dr. L. Sollenberger
![Page 8: Winter Forages for the Cattle Herd Dr. Matt Hersom Extension Beef Cattle Specialist Dept. of Animal Sciences](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062621/551c21f2550346a84f8b5be5/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Adding Rye-Ryegrass to Bahia: Forage Production (lb/acre/day)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Bahia Rye Ryegrass
Courtesy of Dr. L. Sollenberger
![Page 9: Winter Forages for the Cattle Herd Dr. Matt Hersom Extension Beef Cattle Specialist Dept. of Animal Sciences](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062621/551c21f2550346a84f8b5be5/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Where Can Winter Annuals Be Used
• Stocker Cattle• Replacement Heifers• Gestating Cows• Lactating Cows
![Page 10: Winter Forages for the Cattle Herd Dr. Matt Hersom Extension Beef Cattle Specialist Dept. of Animal Sciences](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062621/551c21f2550346a84f8b5be5/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Can Winter Forage Feed CattleDMI, lb/d TDN, % CP, % NDF, %
Mature Cow* 27.8 59.9 11.0
Growing Calf^ 19.7 60 9.7
Estimated DMI
Rye 42 / 25 67 30 42
Triticale 42 / 25 62 25 43
Oat 39 / 23 62 19 46
Ryegrass 39 / 23 65 19 47
* 1200 lb, moderate milk, 2 month after calving^ 720 lb, 2.00 ADG, 1200 lb at finishingForage estimates from UF Dairy Variety Trial
![Page 11: Winter Forages for the Cattle Herd Dr. Matt Hersom Extension Beef Cattle Specialist Dept. of Animal Sciences](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062621/551c21f2550346a84f8b5be5/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Chemical Composition of Supplements and Hay
Supplement System
Item Month Rye-Ryegrass WCS Hay
CP, %
December 20.00 - 7.0
January 17.1 23.2 9.2
February 21.5 27.4 10.0
March 18.6 26.0 9.4
April 14.5 26.8 9.3
IVDMD,%
December 70 - 58
January 69 57 57
February 67 73 63
March 60 64 59
April 50 70 63
![Page 12: Winter Forages for the Cattle Herd Dr. Matt Hersom Extension Beef Cattle Specialist Dept. of Animal Sciences](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062621/551c21f2550346a84f8b5be5/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Effect of Winter Supplement on Cow Bodyweight
*
* Means are differ P<0.05
![Page 13: Winter Forages for the Cattle Herd Dr. Matt Hersom Extension Beef Cattle Specialist Dept. of Animal Sciences](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062621/551c21f2550346a84f8b5be5/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Effect of Winter Supplement on Cow Body Condition Score
*
* Means are differ P<0.05
![Page 14: Winter Forages for the Cattle Herd Dr. Matt Hersom Extension Beef Cattle Specialist Dept. of Animal Sciences](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062621/551c21f2550346a84f8b5be5/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Effect of Winter Supplement on Calculated Hay Disappearance
*
* Means are differ P<0.05
![Page 15: Winter Forages for the Cattle Herd Dr. Matt Hersom Extension Beef Cattle Specialist Dept. of Animal Sciences](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062621/551c21f2550346a84f8b5be5/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Effect of Winter Supplement on Calf Bodyweight Gain
*
* Means differ P<0.05 # Means differ P<0.10
![Page 16: Winter Forages for the Cattle Herd Dr. Matt Hersom Extension Beef Cattle Specialist Dept. of Animal Sciences](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062621/551c21f2550346a84f8b5be5/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Results - ReproductionSupplement System
Item Rye-Ryegrass WCS
Estrous response, % 78.4, (29/37)a 50.0, (17/34)b
Conception rate, % 51.7, (15/29) a 82.4, (14/17)b
Timed-AI response, % 25.0, (2/8) 52.9, (9/17)
Synchronized pregnancy rate, % 46.0, (17/37) 67.7, (23/34)
Thirty-day pregnancy rate, % 67.5, (27/40) 70.0, (28/40)
Breeding season pregnancy rate, % 90.0, (36/40) 90.0, (36/40)
Differing superscripts denoted difference (P < 0.05)
![Page 17: Winter Forages for the Cattle Herd Dr. Matt Hersom Extension Beef Cattle Specialist Dept. of Animal Sciences](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062621/551c21f2550346a84f8b5be5/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
System Economic Analysis Supplement System
Expenses per cow, $ Rye-Ryegrass WCSField Preparation 28.36 -Fertilizer 49.02 -Seed 19.33 -Water 13.13 -Feed Cost Hay 127.63 145.25 WCS - 101.00Total Cost 237.47 246.25
![Page 18: Winter Forages for the Cattle Herd Dr. Matt Hersom Extension Beef Cattle Specialist Dept. of Animal Sciences](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062621/551c21f2550346a84f8b5be5/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Summary
• Winter annuals can be an acceptable alternative to commodity supplements– Maintain cow BCS– Similar Reproduction– Improve calf performance– Decrease hay use
• Use of winter annual pasture in a winter supplementation program can decrease producer costs and possibly increase revenue from calves