Winston Spencer Churchill(1874---1965)

British statesman Prime Minister of the United Ki

ngdom two terms (1940-45, 1951-55)

an officer in the British Army orator a historian a Nobel Prize-winning writer an artist

Family and early life• Nickname: “Winnie”• Family father: a politician

mother: the daughter of an American millionaireone brother

had 1 son and 4 daughters.

• Education Harrow and Royal

Military College, Sandhurst 英国陆军军官学校 (在桑德赫斯特 )

•Maiden Speech: 18 February 1901 in the debate on the King's Speech on the Boer War

• Independent &rebellious• Good at English and history • the school's fencing champion.

• "speech impediment"• After many years, he finally stated, "My

impediment is no hindrance.“• Churchill's mannerisms while making

speeches.

Service in the Army

• 1895, Second Lieutenant in the 4th Queen's Own Hussars

• volunteer soldier & war correspondent

Cuba, India, Sudan, South Africa

Churchill in military uniform in 1895

• 1900, the House of Commons• 1904, joined the Liberals• 1908, a member of Lord Asquith’s

cabinet• 1911, First Lord of the Admiralty （海军大

臣） However, he was blamed for failed

Dardanelles Campaign,in1915,he lost his Admiralty post

• 1917,returned to the government, first as Minister of Munitions( 军需大臣 ),then as Minister of War.

Young Politician

3 September 1939 the day Britain declared war on Germany, Churchill was appointed First Lord of the Admiralty and a member of the War Cabinet.

May,1940,Prime MinisterTo unite Soviet to fight

against Germany June,1941,delivered an sp

eech after Germany’ invasion to the Soviet.

Attended some important international conferences.

brought Britain to victory against Germany on the 8th of May, 1945.

World War II

Last years

• 1951,he served four years as a peacetime Prime Minister.

• Frustrated and in poor health, he resigned in 1955, aged 81.

• Following his death in 1965, Churchill's body lay in state for 3 days at Westminster Hall before his state funeral.

Churchill as a historian and writer

• over 25 stories, biographies and histories

《马拉坎德远征史》 The Story Of The Malakand Field Force

《河上战争》 The River War

《世界危机》 The World Crisis

《马尔巴罗的生平与时代》 Marlborough: His Life And Times

《第二次世界大战回忆录》 The Second World War

《英语民族史》 A History Of The English-Speaking Peoples

•In 1953 he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Churchill as an artist • painting

• impressionist scenes of landscape(印象派 )

• “black dog” of depression—melancholia(忧郁症 )