windows tips and troubleshooting
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Windows tips and troubleshooting Wi
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Windows tips and troubleshooting Wi
ndows tips and troubleshooting Wind
ows tips and troubleshooting Window
s tips and troubleshooting Windows
tips and troubleshooting
Windows tips and troubleshooting
Your system troubleshooter
4/11/2012
Sagun
1 | Author: Sagun
Term and Conditions Windows tips and troubleshooting
Author: Sagun Ghimire
Kathmandu Nepal
+977-9841909180
http://www.apace-world.com/
This document is based on windows XP SP3. Some of the tips might work on new and old version of windows too. We are not responsible for the loss of your system if not used properly. You are suggested to create a proper copy or backup (registry, system files etc) before tweaking or modifying any files.
Copying text within this document, editing and further reproduction is strictly prohibited. The distribution allows reader for copying whole document i.e. “Windows tips and troubleshooting.PDF” giving a credit to author. You should not charge any amount for this document, it is free product make sure that you do not pay for this copy of document.
All rights reserved © 2010
2 | Author: Sagun
WINDOW TIPS AND TROUBLE SHOOTING
1. There is no run command in start menu
=> Go to start properties
=> In task bar &start menu properties, go to start menu tab.
=> In customize start menu press on Advance tab
=> Scroll down and tick on run command then
=> Click on ok.
2. To remove or rename OS name from boot option
=> Go to run & type cmd
=> Go to C:\
=>Type:
"Attrib<space>-h<space>-s<space>-r<space>boot.ini"
=>Open My Computer-C drive-open boot.ini
=> Remove or rename unwanted line (last line)
=> Save boot.ini
=> Go to command
=>Type: "attrib<space>+h<space>+s<space>+r<space>boot.ini"
=>Reboot your pc
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3. Customize power key to save current setting to prevent accidently power key shutdown
=> Go to control pannel-power option/mgmt double click on it
=> Go to advance
=> Enable hybernate
4. How to customize/arrange programme list setting
=> Go to C drive & open document and setting
=> Choose all users &open it
=> Open start menu programme
=> Copy programme shortcut or create new folder.
5. How to shut down computer using command
=> Win (ÿ) +R then type:
"s<space>r<space>t<space>time
s: shutdown
r: restart
t: time (in second)
6. How can PC start fast
=> Go to run and type:
msconfig
=> Click on startup tab
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=> untick unnecessary programmed
=> Apply
=> Exit with restart
7. How to make PC fast
=> Go to run type ms config
=> Click on service tab (Only in XP)
=> disable unnecessary programme
=> Apply
8. Schedule taskbar
=> Go to control pannel
=> Open schedule task
=> Click on add scheduled task
=>Tick on advance properties
=> Click on finish
9 .Create shortcut on desktop
=> Right click on desktop
=> Click on new
=>click on shortcut
=>Browse your shortcut
10. Shortcut for run
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* appwiz.cpl - add or remove programme
* desk.cpl - display properties
* inet.cpl - internet option
* mmsys.cpl - sound and audio
* ncpa.cpl - network connection
* nusrmgr.cpl - user account
* powrecfg.cpl - power option
* sysdm.cpl - system properties
11. To bring shutdown box
=> Go to start - run and type notepad
=> In notepad type given command in one line
=> (new <Activexobject("shell.application")>.shutdown windows();
=> Save & close file
12. Increase space of hard disk
=> Go to run
=> Type : %temp% 8
=> Delete all files inside it
OR
=> Right click on disk drive to clean
=> Go to properties
=> Click on disk cleanup
=>Go to run & type verifier to verify faulty driver
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13. Disable/Enable Explorer thumbnail view
=> Go to run & type regedit
=> Go to: HKEY-current-user\Software\microsoft\windows\current version\explorer\advance\(edit) classic view
1-to hide thumbnail
2-to show thumbnail
14. Enable/disable task manager
=> Go to run and type regedit
=> Go to: HKEY-current user\software\microsoft\windows\current version\policies\system
=> Create the Dword value
=> disable task manager
=> Give its value:
0 to enable
1 to disable
15. Hiding windows version in desktop
Regedit\Hkey-current-user\control panel\desktop\ <edit or create word entry>
=> Paint desktop version
=> Value 0 will hide the version from the desktop
=> Log off
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16. No GUI boot
=> Go to run / msconfig
=> Click on Boot.ini tab
=> Check the box for NO GUI boot
17. Hide/unhide logon name
=> Go to run\regedit:
HKEY-LOCAL-MACHINE\Software\microsoft\windows NT\current version\win logon\special account\user list
=> Add Dword with the name of user account you want to hide make sure it has value 0
=> If there is existing account you can unhide it by giving its a value 1
18. Window XP command line utilities
=> Open command then
* boot.cfg - Change boot.ini files
* driverquery - displays list of all installed devices, driver & their properties
* schtask - scheduled command & programme to run at given time
19. To change CPU speed in system property
=>Go to start\run\regedit:
Hkey-local-machine\hardware\description\system\central processer\0\processer name string <double click>
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20. Disable error reporting
=>Right click on my computer
=> Select properties/advance
=> Click on the error reporting tab
=> Check disable error reporting
21. Automatically ending non responding tab
=> start regedit
=>Go to Hkey-current-user\control pannel\desktop\auto end task\edit its value to 1
22. load fast menu
=>Start regedit:
HKEY-Current-user\Control panel\desktop\menu show delay\<edit>its value to 80
23. Common command console utilities
=> Command line
#Disk defrag: dfrg.msc
#Event viewer: eventvwr.msc
#shared folder: fsmgmt.msc
#Group policies: gpealt.msc
#Local users and groups: lusrmgr.msc
#Performance monitor: perfmon.msc
#Resultant set of policies: rsop.msc
#Local security setting: secpol.msc
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#Services: services.msc
#Component services : comexp.msc
24. Turning of beep sound
=>start regedit:
HKEY-Current-user\software\microsoft\windows\current version\policies explorer
a Add Dword called No change start menu
=>Give it value 1
25. To make DOS restriction
=> go to H-key-current user/software/microsoft/windows/current version/policies
=> add new key under policy called "winoldAPP"
=>give its Dword value 1 in appropriate keys
=>to re enable them either delete the key or give its value 0
=>Disabled: disable ms prompt
No real mode: disables single mode ms-dos
26 .Control pannel restriction
=>Go to H-Key-current user\software\Microsoft\windows\current version\policies
(you can change value 0/1 to disable and enable respectively
*No disp cpl = disable control panel = disable display control panel
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*No disp background page =hide background page
*No appearance page = hide appearance page
* No disp setting = hide setting page
*No sccpl = disable password control panel
*No pwd page = hide password change page
*No admin page = hide remote administration page
*No profile page = hide user page
*No devmgr page = hide device manager page
* No config page = hide hardware page
*No filksys page = hide file system button
*No virt mem page = hide virtual memory page
27 .Restricting start menu, explorer and desktop
=>Go to H-Key-current user\software\microsoft\windows\current version\policies
=>T here should already be at least a explorer and additional keys that can be treated under policies are win old App
=> you can then add Dword value set to 1 in the appropriate keys
=>to re enable them either delete the keys or set the value 0
*clear recent docs on exit = clear recent documents
*no add printer = adding new printer
*no close = shutdown computer
*no desktop = doesn’t shows desktops as well as show desktop menu in right click button
*no dev mgr update = windows 98 /me web update manager
*no drivers (bex) = hide driver in my computer
* No find = find command
* No internet icon = internet icon on desktop
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* No net hood = network neighbor hood
* No recent docs history= recent in start menu
* No save setting = save setting on exit
* No set folder = folders in start menu setting
* No taskbar=task bar in start menu setting
* No smmy docs = my document folder in start menu
*no smmy pictures = my pictures folder in start menu
* No windows update= windows web update
II) Windows tips
28. How to start programme by run command with minimizing
=> then type<start\min [space] type any program name8 )
29. To unhide hidden file
=>attrib[space]-s[space]-r[space]-h[space]*.*/s[space]/d
30. How to shutdown win98 by batch file
=> c:\windows\rundll.exe
=>user exe exit windows exe
=>Exit restart
=>c:\windows\rundll.exe\ user exit windows
31. To make multiple folder
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=>md[space]a[space]b[space]c[space]d[space]e (only in XP)
32. Shutdown computer from dos
=>c:\shutdown\-s-t[space]10
33. To search files and folder
=> c:\dir/s/d: find safe_better.htm
34. In thumbnail files name is not displayed
=>press <shift+ thumbnails>hide
<Shift+tile+thumbanail>show
34. How to recover the system
=>go to system backup <boot.ini>
=> c:\windows\pss
=>to open the event viewer
=>go to run
=>go to eventvwr
III) Protection from viruses
35. How to remove viruses from disk drives and USB
=> run\cmd
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=>G:\ (May differ) 8
=>Dir\ah 8
=>attrib [space] s [space] r [space] h [space]*.*
36. How to remove system shutdown
=>go to command
=>type shutdown -a8
37. How to remove autorun.inf virus from hard disk
=>go to regedit
=>go to edit menu tab
=>type ravmon.exe\atutorun.exe
=>click search wait until ravmon or autorun appears and delete its shell folder
=>press f3 and delete others shell to
=>Repeat search and delete it using command
=>C:\attrib[space]-s[space]-h[space]autorun.inf
=>C:\attrib[space]-s[space]-h[space]ramvon.exe
=>C:\del[space]autorun.inf
=>C:\del[space]ramvon.exe
38. Remove viruses from disks
=>to remove viruses as gfone Trojan you must find its shell\mother folder
=>before it corrupts file or remove system 32 you should show all hidden folder
=>but some viruses delete folder option too for that type
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: c:\attrib[space]-s[space]-h
=>delete its folder
39. Protection from viruses
=> To protect computer from viruses apply the following process
: do not open any external duplicates folder
: explore all files and the folder which doesn’t come on LHS is virus (except application files)
: do not open a new folder which properties tell that it is extension file (.exe)
40. Some antivirus to remove virus
Avast: .exe, new folder, shell duplicate, g-fone, worms
Norton: Trojan, worms, ping pong
Nod32:g-fone,unwanted applications, autorun.inf, Trojan, worms, bloody viruses, new folder, ravmon, shell duplicate
Kaspersky: Trojan
IV) Troubleshooting in ms word
41. How to remove autocorrect
=> go to tools menu and autocorrect option, type word you want to delete
42. How to remove overtype mode
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=> to remove overtype mode press insert tab in keyboard
43. How to remove initial word half in Nepali font
=> go to tools menu
=> go to autocorrect
=>remove all the option there
44. If you are typing Nepali you will block instead of "a","g"
=> go to tools option
=>go to auto correct
=>go to autocorrect format as you type remove "straight quote" remove it form on auto text too
45. How to write in form of 1st 2nd
=> go to auto format then tick on ordinals 1st
with super script
(Offices with new versions 7, 10 has already this functions with italics, bold menus
46. How can I write in form of a2+b2
=>press ctrl + shift + +
47. How can I write in the form of CO2 ,H2O
=> Press ctrl + +
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48. How to remove hyperlink
=> Ctrl + A = select all
=> Ctrl + 6 = remove hyperlink
49. How to justify
=> Press Ctrl+J
50. To maintain line spacing
=> Ctr+ = normal
=> Ctrl+2 = double
=> Ctrl+5 = 1(1/2) spacing
51. To make straight line
=>press
_ _ _ 8 = auto linings
= = = 8 = double line
*** (asterisk) 8 = thick dotted line
# # # 8 = shaded line
~ ~ ~ 8 = jick jack line
52. How to preserve directory of ms-word (in XP)
=>C:\windows\application\data\proof\custom
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53. To copy formatting
=> Ctrl + shift + c
54. To paste formatting
=> Ctrl + shift + v
55. To change font of doing task
=> Ctrl + shift +F
56. To capitalize all text
=> Ctrl + shift + A
V) System troubleshooting
57. Symptoms
=> System is dead
=> No led or fan are on
Causes:
1. Power supply error
2. Motherboard error
3. CPU error (rear case)
Solution:
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- Check power ports
- Check SMPS power supply is ok or not by checking pc cable
- Replace another mother board and try if problem again exist check with new motherboard and CPU
58. Symptoms
=> System is ok
=> Power led and fans is running
=>no display in monitor
Causes:
1. Monitor cable problem
2. Monitor problem
3. VGA card problem
Solution:
- Check monitor power cable and signal cable
- Try new monitor
- Change VGA card or try new monitor
59. Symptoms:
=> Every thing is ok
=>window boots normally but system restart after sometimes
Causes:
1. CPU heat sink problem
Solution:
- Change CPU fan or apply thermal paste between CPU and heat sink
- If your CPU clock speed is high and your SMPS gives high power then change your CPU fan with high speed fan or use copper head sink
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60. Symptoms:
=> Continuous beep sound or low beep sound
=> Power and fan are running
=> No display
Causes:
1. RAM problem
Solution:
- Remove ram from slots then remove dust from slots and insert memory to try another slots
- If problem again exist try a new RAM
- If problem again exists then try a new mother board
61. Symptoms:
=> System is ok
=> Try to boot but locks when IDE drive checking
Causes:
1. IDE drive power cable loose or fail
Solution:
- Check IDE power cable
62. Symptoms:
=> Computer restarts without any warning and run normally but in certain time like 7-9 pm and 6-9 pm system restart
Causes:
1. Voltage problem in your home
2. Normally two beep sounds
3. Restart computer when monitor is off and on
Solution:
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- Use voltage regulator UPS or inverter battery
- Do not use monitor power supply from ups if power voltage is low
63. Symptoms:
=> It takes longer time to boot
=>It search floppy drive in every boot
Causes:
1. Wrong BIOS system
Solution:
- Go to bios setting by pressing DEL/F2/F12 key on booting time
- Go to bios option to make setting as follows
- 1st
boot device : [CD/HDD]
- 2nd boot device : [CD/HDD]
- 3rd
boot device : [CD/HDD]
- Other boot device : [No]
- Swap floppy drive : [Disable]
- Press ESC or F10
64. Symptoms:
=> System try to boot but restarts again, no display after first screen display
Causes:
1. RAM or motherboard problem
Solution:
- If your RAM is new may be ram problem
- Check with another RAM if problem exist again try new motherboard
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65. Symptoms:
=> System appears to work but no video is displayed
Causes:
1. Monitor power is off
2. Graphics card error
Solution:
- Check monitor power cable and signal
- Try another display card
66. Symptoms:
=>During POST CPU and mother board speed not displayed
Causes:
1. BIOS is old
Solution
- Replace new BIOS or use new flash BIOS software
67. Symptoms:
=> CPU fan and other components run for some times and computer is dead
Causes:
1. Power supply is loose
2. Power voltage setting is wrong
Solution:
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- Check power supply
- Always use 220/230 power setting
- 110/115 may damage your mother board or all component inside casing box as well as monitor
- 220/230V : developing countries
- 110/115V : developed countries
- Always use ventilated room
68. Symptoms:
=> System seems to run incorrectly for sometimes
Causes:
1. Improper BIOS speed in bios setting
2. Processer might be defective
Solution:
- Change CPU speed to lower from BIOS setting or from motherboard jumper setting
69. Symptoms:
=> System over heated oftenly and hangs
Causes:
1. Poor ventilation in casing box
Solution:
- Do not keep CPU box in closed to table or near wall
- Use Hard disk fan cooling casing box
70. Symptoms:
=> Operating system do not boot or lock
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Causes:
1. OS error
2. Improper voltage setting
3. Wrong mother board and CPU speed
4. Poor heat sink
5. System files deleted or modified
Solution:
- Re install operating system
- Set motherboard and CPU speed from BIOS setting
71. Symptoms:
=>" Press F1 to resume or go to setting press del" message appears in first boot screen
Causes:
1. No longer device is present but not removed from BIOS list
Solution:
- Go to BIOS setting and re-detect all drivers as cd-rom ,floppy HDD, etc
VI) CD-ROM troubleshooting
72. Symptoms:
=> CD-drive can't read CD-ROM
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Causes:
1. Lens is dirty
2. Virus
3. CD-ROM is scratched
Solution:
- Use CD cleaner instrument
- Try new CD
73. Symptoms:
=> CD-drive can't eject CD-ROM
Causes:
1. CD drive belt is loose or motors problem
2. Data cable loose or virus
Solution:
- Replace CD-drive belt
- Check data cable configuration
- Eject CD while computer is booting if ejected may be virus or driver problem
74. Symptoms:
=> Can't show movie or video CD any data CD which are running in another PC or CD
=> No disk error
Causes:
1. No ISO (Industry Standard Organization)
2. Incompatible while creating CD
3. Low burning speed while creating CD
4. CD-drive is not burning
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Solution:
- Shut down PC and remove CD drive data cable and re-install. If boot PC at startup "found new hardware" appear supply any driver if these message is on your CD-drive.
75. Symptoms:
=> CD-drive cannot open directly the last song while viewing first song
=>CD drive take longer time to read CD
Causes:
1. Worm gear cant work properly
2. Lens is dirty
Solution:
- Change worm gear
- Clean lens from lens cleaner instrument
76. Symptoms:
=> Cannot detect CD
Causes:
1. Improper jumper setting
2. Data cable and power cable may be loose
Solution:
- Detect CD from BIOS
- Check jumper setting
- Data cable or power cable supply should be checked
77. Symptoms:
=>Movie is flickering in windows XP
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Causes:
1. Display driver is not installed
Solution:
- Install VGA driver for mother board
VI) Way of assembling and dissembling
DESSEMBLING
1. Unscrew and remove cover
2. Discharge yourself ,your charge by using discharge gloves or by touching metal
3. Remove all power
4. Remove all data cable
5. Remove all motherboard cable and card
6. Unscrew motherboard and other devices
ASSEMBLING
1. Red color wire always outward or RHS
2. In AT mother board black wire of power supply should be in same side
3. See port code and its explanation in central part of motherboard
Building Your own PC. 1. Purchase / collect the component
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2. Remove case cover 3. Case preparation 4. Configuring Motherboard 5. Install CPU 6. Install Heat sink/Fan 7. Install Memory 8. Install Motherboard 9. Install I/O connection & Mouse 10. Hook the motherboard to case 11. Install Hard drive 12. Install floppy drive 13. Install CD-ROM 14. Connect floppy drive, Hard disk & CD-ROM 15. Install Video card (if necessary) 16. Post Assembly 17. Initial Boot-up 18. Configure BIOS 19. Test the system 20. Prepare Hard disk 21. Install the Operating System 22. Install Drivers 23. Install Application Software
VGA PORT CONFIG
PIN
NAME DIRECTION DISCRIPTION
1. RED Ò RED VIDEO
2. GREEN Ò GREEN VIDEO
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3. BLUE Ò BLUEVIDEO
4. ID2 Ñ MONITAL ID2
5. GND ____ GROUND
6. RED GND ____ RED GROUND
7. GREEN GND ____ GREEN GROUND
8. BLUE GND ____ BLUE GROUND
9. KEY ____ NO PIN
10. SGND ____ SYNCROUS GROUND
11. ID0 Ñ MONITAR ID BIT 0
12. ID1 Ñ MONITAR ID BIT 1
13. HYNC/CSNYC Ò HORIZENTAL\COMPOSITE
SYNCCRONIZATIONS
14. VSYNC Ò VERTICAL SYNCRON
15. ID0 Ñ MONITAR ID BIT 3
FIG: CONFIG TABLE
MOTHER BOARD MAIN POWER:
PIN (P8) NAME COLOUR DISCRIPTION
1.
PG ORANGE POWER GOOD
2.
+5V RED +5DC
3.
+12V YELLOW +12V/DC
4.
-12V BLUE -12V/DC
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5.
GND BLACK GROUND
6.
GND BLACK GROUND
P(9)
PIN NAME COLOUR DISCRIPTION
1.
GND BLACK GROUND
2.
GND BLACK GROUND
3.
-5V WHITE/YELLOW -5V/DC
4.
+5V RED +5V/DC
5.
+5V RED +5V/DC
6.
+5V RED +5V/DC
INTEL PROCESSERS AND IT SOCKET SLOTS (NEXT PAGED)
SOCKET PIN SUPPORTED PROCESSER
SOCKET 1 169 486 SX2,DX/DX2
FASTEST SPEED 133 MHZ
SOCKET 2 238 DX4 OVER DRIVE+FASTEST
SPEED 133 MHZ 486 PENTIUM
SOCKET 3 237 OVER DRIVE,486 SX/SX,AMD 5X86 FASTEST SPEED 133 MHZ
SOCKET 4 273 CYRIX 5X86,PENTIUM 60/66,OVER DRIVE FASTEST SPEED 13 MHZ
SOCKET 5 320 PENTUM 75-133 OVER DRIVE,FASTEST SPEED(PENTIUM MMX)233 MHZ OR AMO K6
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SOCKET 6 235 486 DX4,486 PENTIUM OVERDRIVE
SOCKET 7 321 PENTIUM 75 -233+MMX OVERDRIVE,AMDK5\K6CYRIXM,FASTEST SPEED IS 550 MHZ
SOCKET 8 387 PENTIUM PRO FASTEST CPU (333 MHZ) PENTIUM
SOCKET 370
370 FASTEST SPEED 1GHZ (IF 133 MHZ FSB) CELERON /FSB CELERON/PENTIUM III(933 IF 100 MHZ FSB) VIA C3
SOCKET 423
423 PENTIUM III,FASTEST SPEED GHZ (IF 1400 MHZ FSB)
SOCKET 478
478 SUPPORT OLD PENTIUM
SOCKET 603
SUPPORT 1.7 GHZ,XEON PROCESSER
SOCKET 775
775 SUPPORT NEW PENTIUM IV MODEL
PINLESS SUPPORT NEW PENTIUM IV
SOCKET PINLESS PROCESSER
SLOTS 1 CELERON 433(IF 66 MHZ) PENTIUM III 1 GHZ (IF 100MHZ FSB) PENTIUM III 1.13 MHZ (IF 133 MHZ FSB)
SLOTS 2 PENTIUM III,XEON 550 MHZ(IF 100 MHZ FSB)PENTIUM III,XEON 866 MHZ (IF 133 MHZ FSB)
SLOTS A AMD ALTHON(KN) SECC 1 GHZ AND AMD ALTHON THUNDERBIRD
SOCKET A 462 PIN
AMD ALTHON,AMD DURON AMD ALTHON 4PGA,AMD ALTHON MP,950-1300 MHZ
Ways of installing win 98
Step1:
- Start computer and press DEL/F1/F12 to enter bios
- In BIOS setup go to advance BIOS setup and choose
First boot device – CD-ROM
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Second boot device – IDE 0
Third boot device – IDE O
- Press escape then F10 8
Step 2:
- Insert window 98 bootable CD
- Restart computer
- Choose 2nd boot option from CD-ROM
- Again choose 2nd option boot from CD-ROM support
- If you get command prompt type F:disk
Enable large disk support <Y> 8
F disk option
- Create DOS partition
- Set active partition
- Delete partition
- Display partition information
- Enter your choice [1,2,3,4]
- Press esc8
- Restart pc (Ctrl+alt+del)
Step3:
- Go to CD-ROM drive
- E.g. :A:\>F: 8
- Go to windows 98 folder
- E.g.: F:\>cd <space> windows 98
- Type format <drive name>8
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