Wind Energy in Germany

2004 Ralf Christmann, BMU

Joachim Kutscher, PTJ

Content:

1. Present Data and expected Development

2. Responsibilities3. Financial Framework of R&D4. Highlights of Research5. 2004 R&D Programme

1. Present Data (Dez.04) and Expected Development

Governmental Goals:

2010 12.5 % Renewables of the electr. energy consumption

2020 20.0 % Renewables

Present: 9.3 % Renewables,

4 – 5 % Wind, 25 TWh (total 509 TWh)

2010 2,000 – 3,000 MW off shore

Inhalt:

Das Nutzungskonzept für FINO 1

FINO 2 / Ostseeund Plattformen privater Betreiber

Data as of 31.12.2004:

Number of WT 16,543

WT only in 2004 1,201 -29 %

Installed capacity / MW 16,628

Installed capacity only in 2004 / MW 2,037 -23 %

Medium installed capacity per WT / MW 1.005

Medium installed capacity per WT only 2004 / MW 1.696

WT sizes:

63.1 % electr. energy from wind produced by 1.5 – 3.1 MW WT (36.7 %)

19.8 % - - 0.3 – 0.74 MW WT (35.3%) 14.8 - - 0.75 – 1.49 MW WT (14.8 %)

Inhalt:

Das Nutzungskonzept für FINO 1

FINO 2 / Ostseeund Plattformen privater Betreiber

Development of the yearly installed and accumulated number of turbines, Source DEWI

Inhalt:

Das Nutzungskonzept für FINO 1

FINO 2 / Ostseeund Plattformen privater Betreiber

Development of the yearly and accumulated installed power, Source DEWI

Inhalt:

Das Nutzungskonzept für FINO 1

FINO 2 / Ostseeund Plattformen privater Betreiber

Regional Distribution of Wind Energy Use:

Examples of the 16 German States

Yield Share of the State

Schleswig-Holstein 4.5 TWh 33 %

Niedersachsen 8.3 TWh 17 %

Sachsen – Anhalt 3.5 TWh 27 %

Seven states < 0.6 TWh < 2 %

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Offshore Repowering

Offshore

Onshore Repowering

Onshore

New Installed Capacity - Projection of Development

Sources: DEWI, Messe Hamburg 2004

Inhalt:

Das Nutzungskonzept für FINO 1

FINO 2 / Ostseeund Plattformen privater Betreiber

2. Responsibilities

R & D Renewables: Since end of 2002 Federal Ministry for the Environment and Nuclear Safety (BMU)

ExCo Member Wind: BMU, Alternate: Forschungszentrum Jülich, PTJ

Annex 11: Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, PTJ proposed

Annex 23: Participant not yet decided

Annex Net Integr.: Interested in participation

Annex Cold Climate: Inst. f. Solar Energy Systems, ISET Kassel interested

3.1. Expenses of the Federal Government for Energy Research as Mill. €

3. Financial Framework

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1998 2003 2008

Nuclear Fusion

Nuclear Safety

Renewable Energy and Efficiancy

3.2 R & D Budget for Renewables / Mill. €

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2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

InnovationsInitiativeBasic Budget

3.3 Budget Distribution among Renewables

HT-Solar-thermal

7,3%

LT-Solar-heating

5,5%

Geothermal13,4%

Wind20,2%

PV46,6%

Others7,0%

4. Highlights of R & D• ENERCON E112 4.5 MW Support: 1.8 Mill. €

Fotos: ENERCON GmbH

• Multibrid M5000 5 MW Support: 4.2 Mio €

Foto: MULTIBRID Entwicklungsgesellschaft mbH

• Research Platform FINO 1

Costs: 10 Mill. € for construction and operation till now

Meteorological Measurements

1. Wind velocity:Anemometers, Ultrasonic sensors

2. Salt content and humidity in thehigth of the nacelles

3. Data use: For modelling, deriviation of design parameters, yield prognosis

Foto: DEWI, Neumann

www.fino-offshore.com

• Publication of Results www.fino-offshore.com

• Publication of Results (2)

Dynamical loads on the construction

1. Forces and vibrations from wind and waves

2. Modelling and deriviation of technical parameters for foundations

FINO 1 Ecological Research

1. Bird routes, hights, collision risc,

2. Bird behavior in the vicinity of wind farms , test of illumination conceptions

3. Acoustical monitoring of porpoises

www.fino-offshore.de

FINO 1 Ecological Research (2)

4. Benthos Monitoring:

Changes of the marine benthic communitieson the bottom in the surrounding of the platform,

Succsession of benthic organisms at the foundation

www.fino-offshore.de Foto: DEWI, Neumann

FINO 2 Baltic Sea, Kriegers Flak

•Project started in Febr. 2005•Measuring regime orientated on FINO 1•Potential focal point for internat. co- operation•4.5 Mill. €

• MINOSMINOS Support 2002 – 2007Support 2002 – 2007 4.8 Mio. € 4.8 Mio. €

• Resting birdsResting birds www.minos-info.de - Monitoring in North- and Baltic Sea => distribution maps- Classification of sea areas for wind energy use or nature protection

• PorpoisesPorpoises- Monitoring, visual and acoustic, habitat patterns- Technical improvement of acoustic methods (porpoise detector POD)- New insights to the hearing ability of porpoises

• SealsSeals- New data about appearance, aboundance, habitat pattern, behavior, and hearing ability

Inhalt:

Das Nutzungskonzept für FINO 1

FINO 2 / Ostseeund Plattformen privater Betreiber

5. Support Programme for Wind Energy Research 10.11.2004

General Goals:

•Improvement of yield,

•Degression of costs,

•Warrantee for a nature and environmental friendly expansion of wind energy use

Main Research Aspects / Examples :

• Improvement of availability, error recognition, maintenance concept.

• Reduction of mass, life cycle prolongation, new materials

• Optimisation of foundations and holding structures

• Improvement of service characteristics of WT, logistics technologies

• Automatisation of production processes, testing methods/capacities

• Contribution to net integration of big amounts of wind energy

• Research on measuring platforms in North- and Baltic Seas

• Ecological Research

Further information about the 2004 R&D Programme in German:

www.erneuerbare-energien.de

e.g. Funding Guidelines

http://www.erneuerbare-energien.de/inhalt/6789/4595/