wie halbleitertechnologie die medizintechnik revolutioniert design & elektronik developers'...
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Wie Halbleitertechnologie die Medizintechnik revolutioniertDesign & Elektronik Developers' Forum: "Embedded Goes Medical"
Leipzig, September 2009
Matthias FeulnerMarketing [email protected]
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Semiconductors Impact
1980s 1990s 2000 and beyond
Computing transformed
Communications transformed
Healthcare transformed
Computingrevolution
Computingrevolution
Communications revolution
Healthcare revolution
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Single-chip GPS
Wireless LAN
Bluetooth® + FM Single Chip
GSM/GPRSSingle Chip LoCosto™
EDGE single-chip eCosto™
1990
2000
2008
Making devices smaller…
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…, more personal…
Chronic Disease Management
GSM/GPRS
Bluetooth / BLE
Bluetooth / BLE
Zigbee / 802.15.4
Weight scale
Blood pressure monitor
Smart bandage
Vital Signs Monitoring
800 MHz / 900 MHz ISM
2.4GHz ISM(Zigbee/BT/
802.15.4/ULP)
Weight Management
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Smart Bandage
Body worn monitoring devices Chip + Sensor + printed battery in a low cost DISPOSABLE package
• Real time
• Intelligent
• Continuous
• Wireless
… sensing and diagnosingFor in-hospital and out-of-hospital continuous wireless monitoring of
vital signs and other physiological data directly off the body
Patient monitor
EVOLUTION
Wireless portable patient monitor
ECG / Heart rate
Temperature
REVOLUTION
Respiration
Location
Activity / Motion
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• ECG• EEG• Blood oxygen
(pulse oximeter)• Blood pressure• Temperature• Ventilation/
respiration• Defibrillators • Implantable
devices
Diagnostic, patient monitoring
and therapy
Innovation Across all Medical Segments
• Digital thermometers
• Blood glucose monitor
• Blood pressure monitor
• Insulin pumps• Heart rate monitors• Audiology (digital
hearing aids)
Consumer medical devices
Consumer medical devices
• Laboratory equipment
• Dialysis machines• Analytical
instruments• Surgical
instruments• Dental instruments
• Ultrasound• CT• MRI• X-Ray• Other imaging
(nuclear, positron emission tomography)
Medical imaging
Medical instruments
Medical instruments
Doctor’s office
+
Patient’s home
Uncomfortable
Comfortable
+Radiology center
In the field
Laboratory
Innovation
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Addressing the Major Challenges
Smaller & Lighter
More Power-Efficient
More Cost-Efficient
More Connected
More Portable
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Addressing the Major Challenges- Consumer Medical Case
Smaller & Lighter
More Power-Efficient
More Cost-Efficient
More Connected
More Portable
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Consumer Medical Devices -Achieving Highest Level of Integration and Cost Efficiency
ADCBio
Sensor
VRef
MCU
LCD Display
Op Amp
DAC
SignalProcessing
LCD Driver
Op Amp
MSP430FG439
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Heart rate monitor based on SoC -Achieving Highest Level of Integration
Single chip SoC integration results in: over 50% size reduction (from 8+ chips to a single MSP430FG439 micro
controller) ~50% cost reduction on semiconductors, circuit board and mechanical
housing 10x increased battery life time, allowing lifetime sealed medical units with
small coin cell batteries.
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Addressing the Major Challenges - Portable Diagnostics & Therapy Case
Smaller & Lighter
More Power-Efficient
More Cost-Efficient
More Connected
More Portable
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Portability for ECG Systems
Portable ECG images courtesy of Corscience
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Protect AmpAmp
AmpAmpProtectRLD
Protect AmpAmp
Protect AmpAmp
Protect AmpAmp
Protect AmpAmp
Protect AmpAmp
Protect AmpAmp
Protect AmpAmp
R(RA)
L(LA)
F(LL)
C1(V1)
C2(V2)
C3(V3)
C4(V4)
C5(V5)
C6(V6)
Protect AmpAmp
Lead Off
Calibration
Temp
Ref
Le
ad S
ele
cti
on
Le
ad S
ele
cti
on
IAIA
IAIA
IAIA
IAIA
IAIA
IAIA
IAIA
IAIA
BTBT
mCMSP430
USBUSB
SDSD
BUTTON I/FBUTTON I/F
AmpAmp
RS232
CFCF
Charger
Charger
PSUPSUMonitorMonitor Disp
LampDispLamp
++
RTCRTC
PACE DETECT
3x Comparator
Traditional 8-Channel ECG System Solution
Co
ntr
ol
Inte
rfac
e
24bitr SADC
Filter
24bitr SADC
Filter
24bitr SADC
Filter
24bitr SADC
Filter
24bitr SADC
Filter
24bitr SADC
Filter
24bitr SADC
Filter
24bitr SADC
Filter
Co
ntr
ol
Inte
rfac
e
24bitr SADC
Filter24bit
r SADCFilter
24bitr SADC
Filter24bit
r SADCFilter
24bitr SADC
Filter24bit
r SADCFilter
24bitr SADC
Filter24bit
r SADCFilter
24bitr SADC
Filter24bit
r SADCFilter
24bitr SADC
Filter24bit
r SADCFilter
24bitr SADC
Filter24bit
r SADCFilter
24bitr SADC
Filter24bit
r SADCFilter
24-bitr SADC
Sw
itc
hin
g /
Mu
xS
wit
ch
ing
/ M
ux
Integrated 8-Channel ECG System Solution
Integration results in:
~50% size reduction~20% cost reduction~20% power reduction
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Integrated ECG Solution Demonstrated
Integrated 16ch ADCADS1258
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Addressing the Major Challenges- Portable Ultrasound Case
Smaller & Lighter
More Power-Efficient
More Cost-Efficient
More Connected
More Portable
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Bringing Ultrasound to the Point-of-Care
Tsunami
MilitaryMt. Everest
Images courtesy of Sonosite
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Integration Steps for Portable Ultrasound
TransmitBeamformer
Front End
BackEnd
Mid
ReceiveBeamformer
BeamformerControl Unit
Preprocessing
SpectralDoppler
Processing
B ModeProcessing
Color/PowerDoppler
Processing
Scan ConversionPost Processing
Clocking
LPWRS232USB1394
802.11
Common Interfaces
Power Backlight
Touchscreen
Memory Interfaces MMC/SDIO
IDE/ATA
Ultrasound OS/UI
CW (analog)Beamformer
Tx Buffer Amp
PassiveLPF
FETDriver
Embedded Processing
ADC
DAC
AudioAmp
ADC
Analog Front
End
LNA VCALow PassFilter
PGA
Amp + FilterAmp Stage
T/RSwitches
HV MUX
Tra
nsd
uce
r
Analog signal chain
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TransmitBeamformer
Front End
BackEnd
Mid
ReceiveBeamformer
BeamformerControl Unit
Preprocessing
SpectralDoppler
Processing
B ModeProcessing
Color/PowerDoppler
Processing
Scan ConversionPost Processing
Clocking
LPWRS232USB1394
802.11
Common interfaces
Power Backlight
Touchscreen
Memory interfaces MMC/SDIO
IDE/ATA
Ultrasound OS/UI
CW (analog)Beamformer
Tx Buffer Amp
PassiveLPF
FETDriver
Embedded processing
ADC
DAC
Front end
High-PerformanceDSP
Backend
AudioAmp
MidHigh-PerformanceDSP
ADC
Analog Front
End
LNA VCALow PassFilter
PGA
Amp + FilterAmp Stage
DSP SoC/Apps. processor
High-PerformanceDSP
T/RSwitches
HV MUX
Tra
nsd
uce
r
Analog signal chain
Integration Steps for Portable Ultrasound
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Ultrasound Receiver Front-End Integration Path
15mm
9mm
AFE5805EVM
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Phantom Image
Mimicking Vessel
Reflectors
Mimicking Tissue
Portable Ultrasound Demonstrator Implemented32 channels Tx & Rx on Analog Front End Board
AFE5805TX734DAC902
CDCE62005
DM6446
Analog Front End Board
DigitalProcessingBoard
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What are the Major Challenges?- Wireless Medical Sensors Case (BAN / AAL)
Smaller & Lighter
More Power-Efficient
More Cost-Efficient
More Connected
More Portable
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Goal: Reduce Wires for Patient Comfort
• Three electrodes on head• Two electrodes on forehead• One electrode next to each
eye• Two electrodes under
mouth• Two electrodes on each leg• A pulse oximeter on the
finger• A chest belt for respiration
monitor• A breathing tube • …all collected on the blue
box• From the blue box, a very
thick cable ran to the computer that collected all the signals
Now go to sleep …
14-year old David during a sleep test
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Solution: Wireless Connected Vital Sensors
Telematik
new sensor concepts By microsystems technology
Smart Sensors
Hardware: Universal platform for the transfer of biosignals
Software: Interface standards
Pulsoximeter continous Monitoring
3 channelsECG
Scales Transfer of data via SMS
Peak-Flowmeter
Sphygmomanometers
Thermometers
The interconnection of new sensors with
Courtesy ofFZI Karlsruhe
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Application in Experimental Monitoring Jacket
Continous measurement of• Blood pressure change• Activity sensor• ECG
Wireless communication
(BlueTooth)
ElectronicsCourtesy ofFZI Karlsruhe
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Potential Wireless Standards
Active RFID
Range (meters)
Dat
a R
ate
20 kbps
250 kbps
3 Mbps
11 Mbps
54 Mbps
300 Mbps
480 Mbps
1 10 100
Zigbee
IEEE 802.11b
IEEE 802.11a/g
BluetoothULP
Bluetooth
UWB
IEEE 802.11n
Passive RFID
• Passive RFID
• Active RFID
• 802.15.4/ Zigbee
• Bluetooth Low Energy
• Bluetooth
• IEEE 802.11b
• IEEE 802.11a/g
• IEEE 802.11n
• UWB
• Sub-1GHz ISM
}
Wireless Connectivity for Medical applications
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What is LE Bluetooth?
LE – Low Energy
Single mode device(BTLE only)
Dual mode device(GTLE+Bluetooth BR/EDR)
• Simplified version of Bluetooth optimized for low power• Low average power – quick initialization of links• Low peak current – suitable for coin cell usage
Wireless Connectivity for Medical applications
CC2540
CC2540
CC2540
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BT Classic vs. BT LEBT Classic (BR/EDR) Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE )
1, 2 or 3 Mbps 1 Mbps
5-10 m 5-10 m
2.400-2.4835 GHz 2.400-2.4835 GHz
GFSK (BR), PSK (EDR) GFSK (index 0.5)
Star + Piconet Pure Star (no piconet)
Master send page, Slave scan Master scans, slave advertises
Voice (SCO), Data (ACL) Data (ACL)
Pseudo random XOR sequence AES-CCM (NIST approved)
Data transfer once a minute: 70uAPaired – not connected 320uA
Data transfer once a minute: 53uAPaired – not connected: 190uA
Data transfer once a minute: 70uAPaired – not connected: 320uA
Data transfer once a minute: 7uAPaired – not connected: 4uA
Init connection: 35mA for 10mS, ~10mA for <100mS
Init connection: 17mA for 128uS
Shared BR/EDR/ULP HCI (in dual-mode)
Data rate
Range
ISM bandwidth
Modulation
Topology
Device Discovery
Packet Formats
Security
Average Power Consumption (Dual Mode)
Average Power Consumption(Single Mode)
Peak Current Consumption (peak)
HCI
Sensitivity (BER=0.1%)Spec: -70 dbmBL6450: -95 dbm (BR)
Spec: -70 dbmBL6450: slightly better than -92 dbm
CC2540
CC2540
Wireless Connectivity for Medical applications
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BLE Enabled by CC2540 System-on-a-chip (SoC)
Wireless Connectivity for Medical applications
Chronic Disease Management
Weight scale
Blood pressure monitor
Smart bandage
Vital Signs Monitoring
Weight Management
8051MCU
RF Transceiver
AntennaLPRF System on Chip
CC2540
CC2540 BLE evaluation kit with USB dongle
CC2540 BLE coin cell demo
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Health Care Revolution