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beyond4g.org beyond4g.org

Understanding WiMAXNetwork Architecture

BP Tiwari

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Beyond 4GBeyond 4G

WIMAX Network ArchitectureWIMAX Network Architecture

Presentation Outline

Architecture Drivers and Trends WiMAX Network Reference Architecture WiMAX Profiles Deployment Strategies

–Fixed /Mobile–HSI and Enterprise Modles–Voip–Video Delivery

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Beyond 4GBeyond 4G

WIMAX Network ArchitectureWIMAX Network Architecture

Customer and Industry Trend Broadband like experiance Affordable & Easy to Use

Should enable rich end devices Should enable media-rich

content Open internet model

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Beyond 4GBeyond 4G

WIMAX Network ArchitectureWIMAX Network Architecture

Trends towards 4G Network Architecture

Flatter & all-IP Reduced Latency CAPEX Reduction Simple to manage networks Suitable for multimedia Optimizations due to knowledge in one platform

Current Wireless Hierarchical Model WiMAX or Evolving 4G Modles

R6

R6

R6 R

6R8R

8

XX

XXXX

XX

XX

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WIMAX Network ArchitectureWIMAX Network Architecture

WiMAX Network Reference Points

R4

R8

R8

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WiMAX Network Architecture

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WiMAX ASN Customer Premises Equipment

– Mobile Subscriber (Handheld, PDA, PCMCIA)– Residential Gateways

Base Station– 802.16e compliant (Time Duplex Division, – Adaptive Antenna System, Scalable Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access)

WiMAX Access Controller or ASN-GW– Security and Authentication– Accounting : interfaces the AAA server– Traffic Routing interfaces the Core– Mobility : interfaces the HA during handover

process Network management for BS and ASN-GW

– NE configuration, Software management, – Network supervision, OSS interfaces

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ASN ProfilesProfile Key Features

A

Hierarchical model, with more intelligence located at the ASN Gateway.The ASN Gateway is involved in the Radio Resource Management (RMM) and hosts the Radio Resource Controller (RRC). It also handles handoffs between BSUs.Open interfaces: R1, R3, R4, R6.

B

Vendor-specific model with proprietary and closed R6 interface between BS and ASN-Gateway. BSs playing a more substantial role in managing traffic and mobility while the ASN network acts as a black box.Open interfaces: R1, R3, R4.

C

Centralized model similar to A, but BSUs are responsible for all the RRM, including the RRC and Radio Resource Agent (RRA), and the handoffs between BSUs.Open interfaces: R1, R3, R4, R6.

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WiMAX CSN

Home Agent– For the control of the mobility

Domain Name Server / DHCP– Translation of domain name

into IP addresses – IP addresses allocation

AAA Server– For authentication,

authorization and accounting Firewall/NAT

– Mapping of IP addresses from one group to another ( private / public transparent to end-users.

OSS Systems – Customer provisioning ,CRM– Network monitoring and

troubleshooting BSS systems

– Charging , billing formatting etc

AAA Charging and Billing

OSS Systems

DHCP/DSN

DNS-DHCP

CSN

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Beyond 4GBeyond 4G

WIMAX Network ArchitectureWIMAX Network Architecture

ASN Gateway in 802.16e WiMAXNetworks ASN Gateway required for all 802.16e networks

– Fixed, Nomadic, Portable, Mobile Subscriber Management

– Facilitates Address Assignment (DCHP proxy, PMIP)– Authentication (EAP-based authenticator)– Service Flow Authorization and Creation– Accounting (Prepaid, Postpaid)

Mobility– MIP Foreign Agent– Inter & Intra-ASN handovers– Paging/Idle Mode

Network Optimization– Load Balancing– Seamless Handover support

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Home Agent in 802.16e WiMAXNetworks Home Agent is required for Mobile 802.16e Networks (macro

mobility) Mobility

– Home Agent provides an anchor point for subscriber stations, enabling inter-ASN mobility

– Works in conjunction with the Mobile IP Foreign Agent, located in the ASN Gateway, to register and track subscriber stations

– When a subscriber station moves to a different ASN, the Home Agent intercepts traffic destined for the subscriber station and tunnels that traffic to the appropriate ASN Gateway/Foreign Agent

– Subscriber Stations can maintain same IP address as they move about network

IP Addressing– The Home Agent provides IP address assignment for

subscriber stations in conjunction with the Proxy Mobile IP (PMIP) and DHCP proxy function in the ASN Gateway

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AAA Server in 8016.e WiMAXNetworks AAA Server required for all 802.16e Networks Authentication

– Key Management and Subscriber Authentication using EAP-based methods

Accounting– Aggregation of accounting information, export CDRs to billing

servers– Prepaid accounting & hotlining

Policy (NWG Release 1)– QoS Profiles for Subscribers (NWG Release 1)

Addressing– Home Agent address to use for Subscriber Stations– Optionally directly provide IP address for Subscriber Stations or

DHCP server

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WIMAX Network ArchitectureWIMAX Network Architecture13

WiMAX Releases

Network R1.0 Features (Completed)

● ASN anchored mobility,3ASN profiles

● CSN anchored mobility● (CMIP, PMIP)

● IPv4 & optional IPv6Connectivity

● Idle mode and paging● EAP-based authentication

● DSL, 3GPP and 3GPP2Interworking● Services

● Mobile, portable, nomadic, fixed

● Pre-provisioned/static QoS● Pre- and Post-paid RADIUS

Accounting● Roaming (RADIUS only)

● O&M Features● Network discovery/selection

Network R1.5 Features(Completed)

● Persistent scheduling for reduced MAC OH

● Seamless handover● Load Balancing

● Services● GPS & non-GPS Location

based services● Enhanced Multicast &

Broadcast services● WiMAX-WiFi-Bluetooth

coexistence● Ethernet services

● Public Safety & emergency services

O & M Features● OTA pre-provisioning & device

management

Network Release 2 Features

(to be completed by 1Q2011)

● Reduced Latency● Multi-hop relays

● Self-organizing capability (SON)

● Services● Enhanced VoIP support

● Enhanced MBS (both static and dynamic multicasting)● Enhancements to LBS

● Mobility: up to 500 km/hr

Network R1.6 Features (to be completed by 1Q2 010)

● IPv6● Femtocell

● ETS

Mobile WiMAX Release 1 WiMAX 2WiMAX 1

Source: WiMAX Forum

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WIMAX Network ArchitectureWIMAX Network Architecture

High Speed Internet Architecture

Radius

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Voip Architecture

Radius

PSTN/PLMNPSTN/PLMNPSTN/PLMN

Requested for dynamic set-upof WiMAX bearers (eg VoIP, Video with QoS)

Support SIP/RTSP-based services

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WIMAX Network ArchitectureWIMAX Network Architecture

Location Based Services

LS: Location ServerLC: Location ControllerLA: Location Agent

R8

R8

R8

U1

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MVNO/Wholesale Model

Wireless Core Considerations• Multiple AAA/HA support• Statistics per ISP/NSP• Policing Bandwidth by ISP/NSP• Support for overlapping IP address spaces• Simple IP & Mobile IP Support• Proxy AAA support

R8

R8

R8

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Enterprise based Services in WiMAX

The L2 information including VLAN tag is passed through the network.

CEs on both side add/release VLAN tag on L2.

PE add/release MPLS label.

RR MPLS RRPEPEUSER CPE BS ASN - GW/

USERCE

PHY

ETH /

802.1d

IP

PHY

ETH /

802.1d

IP

PHYPHY

802.16

Eth-CS

802.16

Eth-CS

802.16

Eth-CS

802.16

Eth-CS GRE

PHY

ETH

IP

GRE

PHY

ETH

IP

GRE

PHY

ETH

IP

GRE

PHY

ETH

IP

PHY

ETH /

802.1q

PHY

ETH /

802.1q

PHY

MPLS

PHY

MPLS

PHY

MPLS

PHY

MPLS PHYPHY PHY

ETH /

802.1q

PHY

ETH /

802.1q

PHYPHY PHY

ETH /

802.1d

IP

PHY

ETH /

802.1d

IP

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End to End QoS for Enterprise customers

WiMAX allows efficient delivery of QoS for enterprise customers

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WIMAX Network ArchitectureWIMAX Network Architecture

WiMAX Applications Classes

Application Bandwidth Latency JitterLoss

(Packet Error Rate)

Video Streaming 0.1 - 10 Mbps Medium~5 sec (jitterbuffer size)

Can toleratesome loss

Audio Streaming 20-320 Kbps Medium~5 sec (jitterbuffer size)

Can toleratesome loss

E-Mail No restriction Medium N/AMedium-Low(uses TCP)

Gaming Low (50 kbps) Low < 25 msec N/A Low

Web Browsing 10 kbps to 2 Mbps N/A N/AMedium-Low(uses TCP)

Push-to-Talk Low (~10kbps)Setup time <1 sec; Bearer ~200 ms

Low (~20 ms)Can toleratesome loss

VoIP 32-64 kbps Low < 160 msec < 50 ms Low (10-2)

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Thanks