why wan accelerators (still) matter?
DESCRIPTION
During last years people are saying that bandwidth is available and cheap, therefore WAN optimizators are now useless. It depends, of course, and I can demonstrate that WAN optimizators can still solve problems better than bandwidth upgrade.TRANSCRIPT
Why WAN AccelerAtors (still) mAtter?
Andrea Dainese | Data Center Engineer
Presentation
Andrea Dainese
Who isAndreA dAinese
Presentation
Data Center Engineer @ Cerved Group SpA
Red Hat RHCE
VMware VCP-DCV
NetApp NCIE-SAN
Cisco CCIE
Cisco Architecture Design Specialist
VMware vExpert
Cisco Champion Data Center
iou-web and Unified Networking Lab author
Andrea Dainese
Presentation
Andrea Dainese
1. introduction
2. the tcP protocol
3. inter-Dc traffic characteristics
4. Key elements of WAN optimization
5. optimized WANs - a real case
6. Designing a WAAs solution
7. tips & tricks
8. conclusions
AgendaThe TCP protocol Inter-DC Traffic
CharacteristicsIntroduction Key elements
of WAN optimizationOptimized WANs
• a real caseDesigning
a WAAS solutionTips & Tricks Conclusions
41 52 6 73 8
Andrea Dainese
Presentation
Andrea Dainese
1. introduction
2. The TCP protocol
3. Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics
4. Key elements of WAN optimization
5. Optimized WANs - a real case
6. Designing a WAAS solution
7. Tips & Tricks
8. Conclusions
IntroductionIntroduction
The TCP protocol Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics
Key elements of WAN optimization
Optimized WANs • a real case
Designing a WAAS solution
Tips & Tricks Conclusions
41 52 6 73 8
Bandwidth Upgrade
WAN Optimization
Vs
Andrea Dainese
Introduction
The TCP protocol Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics
Key elements of WAN optimization
Optimized WANs • a real case
Designing a WAAS solution
Tips & Tricks Conclusions
41 52 6 73 8Introduction
Andrea Dainese
Shared Lines
DarkFibers
Vs
Introduction
The TCP protocol Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics
Key elements of WAN optimization
Optimized WANs • a real case
Designing a WAAS solution
Tips & Tricks Conclusions
41 52 6 73 8Audience
Andrea Dainese
Presentation
Andrea Dainese
1. Introduction
2. the tcP protocol
3. Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics
4. Key elements of WAN optimization
5. Optimized WANs - a real case
6. Designing a WAAS solution
7. Tips & Tricks
8. Conclusions
The TCP ProtocolIntroduction Inter-DC Traffic
CharacteristicsKey elements
of WAN optimizationOptimized WANs
• a real caseDesigning
a WAAS solutionTips & Tricks Conclusions
41 52 6 73 8
The TCP protocol
Andrea Dainese
Internet Control Message Protocol iCMP
User Datagram Protocol udP
Transmission Control Protocol TCP
TrAFFiC (inbound and outbound) Total [15,968 GB]
TCP [15,429 GB, 96,63 %]
udP [0,536 GB, 3,36 %]
iCMP [0,003 GB, 0,02 %]
The TCP Protocol
udP [0,536 GB, 3,36 %]
TCP [15,429 GB, 96,63 %]
iCMP [0,003 GB, 0,02 %]
Introduction Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics
Key elements of WAN optimization
Optimized WANs • a real case
Designing a WAAS solution
Tips & Tricks Conclusions
41 52 6 73 8
The TCP protocol
Andrea Dainese
50 ms
100 ms
150 ms
ACK
SYN, ACK
SYN
TCP • HandshakeIntroduction Inter-DC Traffic
CharacteristicsKey elements
of WAN optimizationOptimized WANs
• a real caseDesigning
a WAAS solutionTips & Tricks Conclusions
41 52 6 73 8
TCP • Handshake
Andrea Dainese
50 ms 50 ms
100 ms
100 ms150 ms
150 ms200 ms
ACK
Request Request
10 Packets/s 117 Kb/s 425 Packets/s 4980 Kb/s
Segment 1 Segment 1
Segment 2
Segment 3
Segment 4
Segment 2ACK
TCP • WindowingIntroduction Inter-DC Traffic
CharacteristicsKey elements
of WAN optimizationOptimized WANs
• a real caseDesigning
a WAAS solutionTips & Tricks Conclusions
41 52 6 73 8
TCP • Windowing
Andrea Dainese
TCP • Selective Acknowledge
RequestRequest
Segment 3Segment 3
Segment 2Segment 2Segment 1Segment 1
Segment 4Segment 4
ACK 1
ACK 1
Segment 2Segment 2
Segment 3
Segment 4 ACK 4
ACK 4
ACK 3
ACK 2
ACK 1, SACK 3, 4
ACK 1, SACK 3
Introduction Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics
Key elements of WAN optimization
Optimized WANs • a real case
Designing a WAAS solution
Tips & Tricks Conclusions
41 52 6 73 8
TCP • Selective
Acknowledge
Andrea Dainese
TCP • Slow start
20
1 2 3 4 5 6
Packet Loss
Congestion Avoidance
Congestion Control
Exponential Growth
Multiplicative Decrease
Round Trips
Con
gest
ion
win
dow
siz
e (s
egm
ents
)
7 8 9 10 11 12
40
60
80
100
120
130
Introduction Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics
Key elements of WAN optimization
Optimized WANs • a real case
Designing a WAAS solution
Tips & Tricks Conclusions
41 52 6 73 8
TCP • Slow start
Andrea Dainese
Presentation
Andrea Dainese
1. Introduction
2. The TCP protocol
3. inter-Dc traffic characteristics
4. Key elements of WAN optimization
5. Optimized WANs - a real case
6. Designing a WAAS solution
7. Tips & Tricks
8. Conclusions
Inter-DC Traffic CharacteristicsIntroduction The TCP protocol
Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics
Key elements of WAN optimization
Optimized WANs • a real case
Designing a WAAS solution
Tips & Tricks Conclusions
41 52 6 73 8
Andrea Dainese
Inter-DC Traffic
replication: 27%
sQL: 33%
Other Traffic (CIFS, e-mail, FTP, …): 37%
sQL [33 %]
web [2 %]
rePLiCATiOn [27 %]
OTher TrAFFiC [37 %]
Web [2 %]
sql [33 %]
rePlicAtioN [27 %]
other trAffic [37 %]
Introduction The TCP protocol
Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics
Key elements of WAN optimization
Optimized WANs • a real case
Designing a WAAS solution
Tips & Tricks Conclusions
41 52 6 73 8
Andrea Dainese
Inter-DC Traffic
netApp snapMirror
Uncompressed
Unencrypted
Oracle sQL
Uncompressed
Unencrypted
FTP
Inter-DC Traffic
ChArACT erisTiCs
Introduction The TCP protocol
Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics
Key elements of WAN optimization
Optimized WANs • a real case
Designing a WAAS solution
Tips & Tricks Conclusions
41 52 6 73 8
Andrea Dainese
Inter-DC Traffic
netApp snapMirror
Uncompressed
Unencrypted
Oracle sQL
Uncompressed
Unencrypted
FTP
Inter-DC Traffic
ChArACT erisTiCs
unoptimized!
Introduction The TCP protocol
Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics
Key elements of WAN optimization
Optimized WANs • a real case
Designing a WAAS solution
Tips & Tricks Conclusions
41 52 6 73 8
1. Introduction
2. The TCP protocol
3. Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics
4. Key elements of WAN optimization
5. Optimized WANs - a real case
6. Designing a WAAS solution
7. Tips & Tricks
8. Conclusions
Key elements of WAN optimization
Andrea Dainese
Introduction The TCP protocol
Key elements of WAN optimization
Optimized WANs • a real case
Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics
Designing a WAAS solution
Tips & Tricks Conclusions
41 52 6 73 8
Andrea Dainese
WAN optimization: key elements
data deduplication
deduPLiCATiOndATA
Introduction The TCP protocol
Key elements of WAN optimization
Optimized WANs • a real case
Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics
Designing a WAAS solution
Tips & Tricks Conclusions
41 52 6 73 8
Andrea Dainese
WAN optimization: key elements
data compression
COMPressiOndATA
Introduction The TCP protocol
Key elements of WAN optimization
Optimized WANs • a real case
Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics
Designing a WAAS solution
Tips & Tricks Conclusions
41 52 6 73 8
Andrea Dainese
WAN optimization: key elements
data deduplication and compression
COMPressiOndATA
dATA
dATA deduPLiCATiOn
deduPLiCATiOn
COMPressiOn
Introduction The TCP protocol
Key elements of WAN optimization
Optimized WANs • a real case
Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics
Designing a WAAS solution
Tips & Tricks Conclusions
41 52 6 73 8
Andrea Dainese
Inter-DC Traffic
TCP optimization
Large initial windows
Window scaling
Advanced congestion avoidance
Selective Acknowledgement
Large buffer
TCP optimization
Introduction The TCP protocol
Key elements of WAN optimization
Optimized WANs • a real case
Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics
Designing a WAAS solution
Tips & Tricks Conclusions
41 52 6 73 8
Andrea Dainese
Inter-DC Traffic
Applications
Object caching
Local response handling
Prepositioning
Read-ahead
Write-behind
TCP Applications
Introduction The TCP protocol
Key elements of WAN optimization
Optimized WANs • a real case
Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics
Designing a WAAS solution
Tips & Tricks Conclusions
41 52 6 73 8
1. Introduction
2. The TCP protocol
3. Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics
4. Key elements of WAN optimization
5. optimized WANs - a real case
6. Designing a WAAS solution
7. Tips & Tricks
8. Conclusions
Optimized WANs • a real case
Andrea Dainese
Introduction The TCP protocol
Optimized WANs • a real case
Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics
Key elements of WAN optimization
Designing a WAAS solution
Tips & Tricks Conclusions
41 52 6 73 8
014 16 18 20 22 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 1416 1618 1820 2022 220 02 24 46 68 810 12
20 M
40 M
60 M
80 M
100 M
120 M
140 M
160 M
180 M
200 M
Traf
fic in
bps
Andrea Dainese
Optimized WANs • a real caseIntroduction The TCP protocol
Optimized WANs • a real case
Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics
Key elements of WAN optimization
Designing a WAAS solution
Tips & Tricks Conclusions
41 52 6 73 8
before and after
Andrea Dainese
before and after
before After reduction
Total 46.0 TB 13.9 TB 70 %
replication 11.8 TB 2.9 TB 75 %
sQL 14.2 TB 4 TB 71 %
FTP (Other) 17 TB 5 TB 70 %
Optimized WANs • a real caseIntroduction The TCP protocol
Optimized WANs • a real case
Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics
Key elements of WAN optimization
Designing a WAAS solution
Tips & Tricks Conclusions
41 52 6 73 8
80
70
50
40
30
20
10
0 0
15:00 18:00 21:00 0:00 3:00 6:00 9:00 12:00
60
75
65
55
45
35
25
15
520
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
220
240
Red
ucti
on (%
)
Traf
fic (G
B)
Time (h:mm)Andrea Dainese
Original (All Traffic)
Optimized (All Traffic)
Reduction (All Traffic)
Optimized WANs • a real caseIntroduction The TCP protocol
Optimized WANs • a real case
Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics
Key elements of WAN optimization
Designing a WAAS solution
Tips & Tricks Conclusions
41 52 6 73 8
8/18 8/21
1
1.5
2.5
3.5
2
3
4
4.5
Effe
ctiv
e C
apac
ity
(X)
Time (M/d)Andrea Dainese
Optimized WANs • a real caseIntroduction The TCP protocol
Optimized WANs • a real case
Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics
Key elements of WAN optimization
Designing a WAAS solution
Tips & Tricks Conclusions
41 52 6 73 8
8/24 8/27 8/30 9/2 9/5 9/8 9/11 9/14
Andrea Dainese
TFO, dre, LZ
Original Optimized reduction
Transfer 725 MB 25 MB 96 %
dre 725 MB 92 MB 87 %
LZ 92 MB 25 MB 73 %
Dre
oPtimizeDlz
OPTiMiZed
LZ
dre
Optimized WANs • a real caseIntroduction The TCP protocol
Optimized WANs • a real case
Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics
Key elements of WAN optimization
Designing a WAAS solution
Tips & Tricks Conclusions
41 52 6 73 8
Andrea Dainese
Optimized WANs • A real case
TFO, dre, LZ
Introduction The TCP protocol
Optimized WANs • a real case
Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics
Key elements of WAN optimization
Designing a WAAS solution
Tips & Tricks Conclusions
41 52 6 73 8
1. Introduction
2. The TCP protocol
3. Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics
4. Key elements of WAN optimization
5. Optimized WANs - a real case
6. Designing a WAAs solution
7. Tips & Tricks
8. Conclusions
Designing a WAAS solution
Andrea Dainese
Introduction The TCP protocol
Designing a WAAS solution
Optimized WANs • a real case
Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics
Key elements of WAN optimization
Tips & Tricks Conclusions
41 52 6 73 8
Andrea Dainese
Components of a WAAS solution
wAVe Appliance: http://goo.gl/cqeGJp up to 150000 TCP connection, 96GB RAM, 4.2TB
up to 6 virtual blades for installation
wAAs for isr: http://goo.gl/51eyq8
vwAAs: http://goo.gl/8cXWfe up to 50000? TCP connection, 8vCPU, 48GB RAM
wAAs Mobile: http://goo.gl/zhW9cn
wAAs express: http://goo.gl/Ujpftv up to 400 TCP connection, 10Mbps, 4GB RAM
fully integrated into IOS, ISR G2 series
CM/vCM
Components of a wAAs
solutions
Introduction The TCP protocol
Designing a WAAS solution
Optimized WANs • a real case
Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics
Key elements of WAN optimization
Tips & Tricks Conclusions
41 52 6 73 8
Layer 2
Layer 3
cisco WAe WAN
WANAndrea Dainese
inline
Designing a WAAS solutionIntroduction The TCP protocol
Designing a WAAS solution
Optimized WANs • a real case
Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics
Key elements of WAN optimization
Tips & Tricks Conclusions
41 52 6 73 8
Layer 2
hsrP stanby
hsrP Active
Preferred Path
cisco WAe
WAN
Andrea Dainese
inline (with hA reachability)
Designing a WAAS solutionIntroduction The TCP protocol
Designing a WAAS solution
Optimized WANs • a real case
Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics
Key elements of WAN optimization
Tips & Tricks Conclusions
41 52 6 73 8
Layer 2
cisco WAe cisco WAe
Andrea Dainese
WAN
inline (with hA)
Designing a WAAS solutionIntroduction The TCP protocol
Designing a WAAS solution
Optimized WANs • a real case
Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics
Key elements of WAN optimization
Tips & Tricks Conclusions
41 52 6 73 8
cisco WAe
Andrea Dainese
WAN21
34
wCCP
Layer 3
Designing a WAAS solutionIntroduction The TCP protocol
Designing a WAAS solution
Optimized WANs • a real case
Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics
Key elements of WAN optimization
Tips & Tricks Conclusions
41 52 6 73 8
cisco WAe farm
Andrea Dainese
WAN
wCCP (with hA)
Layer 3
Designing a WAAS solutionIntroduction The TCP protocol
Designing a WAAS solution
Optimized WANs • a real case
Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics
Key elements of WAN optimization
Tips & Tricks Conclusions
41 52 6 73 8
cisco WAe cisco WAe
Andrea Dainese
site c
site b
site A WAN
Autodiscovery
Designing a WAAS solutionIntroduction The TCP protocol
Designing a WAAS solution
Optimized WANs • a real case
Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics
Key elements of WAN optimization
Tips & Tricks Conclusions
41 52 6 73 8
Andrea Dainese
inline Vs wCCP
inline wCCP
Connected routers 1 Many
resources Transparent CPU Intensive
Failover Mechanical bypass mode Keepalive
hA Serial Parallel
scaling Scale-Up Scale-Out
Designing a WAAS solutionIntroduction The TCP protocol
Designing a WAAS solution
Optimized WANs • a real case
Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics
Key elements of WAN optimization
Tips & Tricks Conclusions
41 52 6 73 8
1. Introduction
2. The TCP protocol
3. Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics
4. Key elements of WAN optimization
5. Optimized WANs - a real case
6. Designing a WAAS solution
7. tips & tricks
8. Conclusions
Tips & Tricks
Andrea Dainese
Introduction The TCP protocol
Tips & Tricks
Optimized WANs • a real case
Designing a WAAS solution
Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics
Key elements of WAN optimization
Conclusions
41 52 6 73 8
Andrea Dainese
Tips & Tricks
Do not optimize latency sensitive protocols
(i.e. VoIP).
Leave traffic uncompressed and unencrypted for better optimization
Install root certificates for HTTPS optimization.
Add WAAS to AD for Encrypted MAPI optimization.
Use CIFS optimization for faster folder browsing on branch offices.
Consider disabling “Metadata Cache” and “local HTTP 301 Redirect”
(i.e. Joomla).
TiPs & TriCKs
Tips & TricksIntroduction The TCP protocol
Tips & Tricks
Optimized WANs • a real case
Designing a WAAS solution
Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics
Key elements of WAN optimization
Conclusions
41 52 6 73 8
1. Introduction
2. The TCP protocol
3. Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics
4. Key elements of WAN optimization
5. Optimized WANs - a real case
6. Designing a WAAS solution
7. Tips & Tricks
8. conclusions
Conclusions
Andrea Dainese
Introduction The TCP protocol
Conclusions
Optimized WANs • a real case
Designing a WAAS solution
Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics
Key elements of WAN optimization
Tips & Tricks
41 52 6 73 8
Andrea Dainese
Does wAn accelerators (still) matter?
yes
ConclusionsIntroduction The TCP protocol
Conclusions
Optimized WANs • a real case
Designing a WAAS solution
Inter-DC Traffic Characteristics
Key elements of WAN optimization
Tips & Tricks
41 52 6 73 8
http://www.routereflector.com/
http://www.linkedin.com/in/adainese
@adainese
Andrea Dainese