whole-body magneto-therapy speeds wound and disease healing

20 Summer2010 21st Century Science & Technology

Theuseofmagneto-electricfieldsfornon-orthopedicail-mentsgoesbackmorethan30years.Fromthetimethatmagneto-therapybegantobeusedforrehabilitationand

post-traumatictreatment,beneficialeffectswerenotedalsooninflammatoryailments,bacterialinfections,vasculopathies(of

variousorigins),fluidretention,andonthegeneralconditionofpatientsafflictedwithviralinfectionssuchashepatitis,andlat-er,HIV.

Overtheyears,therehasbeenamassiveincreaseintheuseofmagneto-therapyinphysiotherapyandorthopedics,specifi-

cally in the prevention and cure of retardedfractureconsolidation.Manytypesofresearchwereundertaken.TheEuropeans focussedes-peciallyonvariouskindsofarthropathies(jointdiseases),but theentireworld tried togainabetterunderstandingoftheinteractionbetweenmagneto-electricfieldsandlivingmatter.

Scientificworksbyvariousauthors(themostsignificant of which are referenced in a briefbibliographybelow) showed that this interac-tion stimulated some fundamental metabolicfunctions.

In the process of their pioneering work onbone formation in induced tibial fractures inrats,Prof.G.Marinozziandthisauthorbegantonoticethatmagneto-electricfieldsnotonlyaccelerated the formationofbonecallus (thehealingtissueinafracture),butalsoincreasedtheresistancetoinfectionoftheanimalsbeingtreated,comparedtonon-treatedcontrols.

Intheattempttofindanexplanation,experi-ments were done subjecting human lympho-

Above: the All Body® apparatus developed by Brandimarte todeliver magneto-therapy. At left is rat bone tissue healing afterexperimentaltreatment.

Whole-Body Magneto-Therapy Speeds Wound and Disease HealingbyProf.BrunoBrandimarte

Dr. Bruno Brandimarte is a nuclear physi-cist and professor in the faculty of medicine at the University of Rome Tor Vergata, where he works in collaboration with Prof. Maurizio Monteleone, the director of the Orthopedic Institute; with Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging Professor Ignazio Caru-so; and Professor of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences Roberto Testi. He is also director of the master’s program in using physical means in conjunction with pharmacology at the Univer-sity of Aquila; a professor in the master’s program of the postural system at the University of Rome, Department of Experimental Medicine and Pa-thology; and a professor of applied biophysics at the International School of Medicine of the International Foundation Fatebenefratelli of Rome.

Brandimarte received his degree in nuclear physics at the Enrico Fermi Center in Rome, where he developed a biological model for the applica-tion of physical forces. This article was adapted from his scientific papers and translated from Italian by Richard Sanders.

21st Century Science & Technology Summer2010 21

cytecultures tomagneticfields,with theeffects re-ported in the works referenced in the bibliographybelow.

Studiesof theformationofbonecallusledtothediscovery that the application of different types offieldshaddifferenteffects.Forexample,analternatingsinusoidal field caused an increased rate of tissuegrowth(verifiedinaseparateexperimentontherateoffibroblastreproduction),whilethesemi-sinusoidalfieldwithadoublehalfwave,causedmicroangiogen-esis (theprocess of developingnewblood vessels),Table1andFigure1.

These experiments clearly showed that magneto-therapycouldbeappliedwithgoodresultsinvariousother fields of medicine besides orthopedics andphysicalrehabilitation.

Notableprogresswasmadefromaclinicalstand-point,eventhoughallthebiologicalmechanismswerenotyetcompletelyunderstood.Significantresultswereobtainedwhenmagneto-therapywasusedalongwithstandard pharmacological therapies to treat variouspathologies,especiallyinmitigatingtheside-effectsofstandardprotocols.Forexample, low-intensity,anti-inflammatorysignalswereappliedforcervicalarthro-sis, with repeatable sedative effects—whereas high-intensitysignalscausedstatesofexcitement.

Nextwewantedtotacklelesslocalizedproblems,suchasthespinalmarrow,andthereforewestudiedtechnicalsystemswhichwoulddealwithlargervol-umes.Webegantousemagneticinductiontechnolo-giesdeliveringlowpowerbutoveralargespatialvol-ume, rather than just indiscriminately increasingmagneticinductionintensity.Thisledtothebestre-sultswhentreatingsystemicpathologies,whilevirtu-allyeliminatingcontraindications.

Werecommendmagneto-therapyasaprimaryco-adjuvantinassociationwithstandardpharmacologi-caltherapies,alertingtherelevantphysicianthattheeffect of the pharmaceutical is usually enhanced(suchasduringchemotherapy)andshouldbemoni-tored,becausethepatientusuallybecomesmoreca-pableoftoleratingthetherapy,andasthemagnetic-or electric-field therapy takes effect, thepharmacologicaldosagescanbegraduallyreduced.

The All Body® ApparatusTheaforementionedresearchledustodesignanewappara-

tuswhichwecalled“AllBody,”becauseitcantreatthewholebodyusingamethodwhichiscompletelynew,andwhichhasbeenusedsuccessfullyonthefollowing:

• Immunosuppression• Immunosuppressionresultingfromchemotherapyandra-

diotherapy• Post-cancersurgerytreatmentinsupportofchemotherapy

andradiotherapy• ImmunosuppressioncausedbyHIVandfull-blownAIDS• Hepatitisandhepatopathologies• Herpeszoster• Fibroids

• Autoimmunediseases• Rheumatoidarthritis• Musculardystrophy• Generalizedarthrosis• Diabetes• Diabeticulcers•Vitiligoandscleroderma• Burns,wounds,andbedsores• Fluidretention• Renal insufficiency resulting from high doses of chemi-

cals,cortisone,andpharmaceuticals• Neuralgia,ischialgia,lumbago,paresis• Age-relatedneurologicaldisturbances.

Figure 1FUNDAMENTAL SIGNALS AND THEIR PRINCIPAL

BIOLOGICAL EFFECTSTheprincipaleffectsof sinusoidalorderivedmagneto-electricsignals.

Alternating (A)Alternating/pulsating (A/P)*

Bassett signal

Pulsating(C100)

Pulsating(C50)

IBI

IBI

IBI

IBI

P

P

P

t

t

t

t

All of thesesignals canbecome pulsatingif a pause (P)is inserted.

* This signal is substituted for the signal discovered by Warnke.

Table 1DIFFERENT FIELDS LEAD TO DIFFERENT EFFECTS

Type of Intensity Intensity Intensity Field 5-20 gauss 30-50 gauss >60 gauss

A Anti-inflammatory* Anti-inflammatory** Encourages Sedating Encourages cellular cellular reproduction** reproduction* Hyperemia*

A/P Myorelaxing Increased Muscular tropism diuresis (kidneys)

C100 Sedating** Microangiogenesis** Microangiogenesis*** Microangiogenesis* Hyperemia**

C100/P Myorelaxing

C50 Local liquid Local liquid intra-cellular intra-cellular mobility mobilityNotes* Phenomenon perceptible but of low intensity** Phenomenon clearly present but of medium intensity*** Phenomenon dominant and of high intensity


TheAllBody®methodconsistsofimmersingtheentirebodyin a low-intensity magneto-electric field for long periods oftime,withtheutmostregularity(dailytreatmentforatleast45days).

The Evolution of Magneto-TherapyInthe1970s,C.A.L.Bassett,withearlierFrenchexperiments

onbonehealinginmind,askedColumbiaUniversitytechni-cianstodesignamachinecapableofgeneratingacurrentnearthebone,withoutusingneedles.

The machine they designed used oppositely wound sole-noidstoinduceacurrentwithanaveragevaluegreaterthanzerointheregioninquestion;thegeometricarrangementoftheappliedsolenoidswasoffundamentalimportanceforachiev-ingthedesiredeffect(Figure2).

Inthesecondhalfofthe1970s,Dr.UlrichWarnkeoftheUni-versityofSaarland,conductedanothertypeofmagneto-elec-tricfieldexperiment.Thehypothesisonwhichhebasedhisex-periments,wasthatvaryingthepotentialofacellularmembranearoundanormalvalue,evenoveraverynarrowrange,forex-ample100±1mV),would facilitateandaccelerate theentryandexitofpolarizedionsinthecell(Figure3).Togetthiseffect,Warnkeusedsinusoidalsignals,whichlaterprovedtohaveanexcellenteffectinstimulatingthemetabolic-nutritionalaspectsofcellfunction.ThusWarnketookadvantageofthepumpef-fect—relativetoatypeII(paramagnetic)conductor—andofthefactthatifsubjectedtoavariablemagneticfield,apolarizedelectrolytic membrane, unlike a copper conductor, will nottake on an average potential value of 0 (of induced electriccharge),butchargeswillaccumulateonbothsidesofthemem-brane,creatingadifferenceofpotential.

Thephenomenondescribed, inaddition to itsmetabolic-nutritionalaspects,hasasignificantinfluenceonthetransportof theactiveagentofadruginto thecells—forexample, in-creasingtheamountofadrugreachingcertainregions,suchasthoseinthebrain.Thatis,themagneticfieldactsasacatalystforsomedrugs.

Between the close of the 1970s and the beginning of the1980s,thisauthornotedatendencytointerprettheeffectsofthemagneto-electricfieldonbiostructureasmerelytheresultofelectricalinductionandconduction,withoutconsideringthepossibleeffectsofamagneticforce.Suchaneffectwasruledout,becauseitwassaidthatsincebiologicaltissuedidnothavelargeamountsofferrousmaterial,amagneticfieldcouldnothaveanyeffectuponthem.

Forthisreason,theauthorresearchedthedifferencesbetweentheabioticandthebiotic (Table2).Basedonthis classification, he identified a molecular referencemodelwhich clarified the conceptualizationofmicro-mechanicaleffects.

Considertwoions,onediamagnetic(withaweakneg-ativemagneticsusceptibility)andtheotherparamagnetic(with a small positivemagnetic susceptibility),movingabout freely in space each looking for its homologue,joiningeachotherforaninstantandformingamolecule,andthenseparatingtoonceagaingoonsearchingforahomologue.Innature,theseionsmovefreelyintempera-ture-relatedBrownianmotion,and it isprecisely thesemotionswhichregulateexchanges.

TheBrandimartemodel(Figure4)seekstodemonstratethatthepresenceofanexternalmagneticfieldincreasestheprob-abilityofanencounterbetweentheseions,andhenceactsasaphysicalcatalyst.Whenamagneticfieldisappliedtodiamag-neticorparamagneticions,thepre-existingfieldisdeformed,andtheyareconstrainedtofollowatrajectorycoherentwith

Figure 2APPLICATION OF THE BASSETT SIGNAL

InBassett’sexperimentsinthe1970s,oppositelywoundsolenoidsareusedtoinduceacurrentwithanaveragevaluegreaterthanzerointheregioninquestion.Thepas-sageofcurrentthroughthefracturezoneresultedinthedepositofCa++ionsintheregionnearthenegativepole.

+++++

–––––

Figure 3THE WARNKE SIGNAL

Warnke’sexperimentsinthe1970susedsinusoidalsig-nals,punctuatedbypauses,tostimulatethemetabolic-nutritionalaspectsofcellfunction.Inhisdesign,chargesaccumulatedonbothsidesofthemembrane.

IBI

P P

t

Table 2RESPONSE OF ABIOTIC AND BIOLOGICAL SUBSTANCES

TO A MAGNETIC FIELD(µ = magnetic permeability)

Abiotic substances Biological substances

(1) Ferromagnetic 200 < µ < 400 (1) Weak paramagnetic 1 < µ < 10

(2) Paramagnetic 1 < µ < 20 (2) Amorphous µ = 1

(3) Diamagnetic –1 < µ < –20 (3) Weak diamagnetic –1 < µ< –10

This classification has served as the basic premise for Bran-dimarte’sstudiesofmagneto-therapy.


thedirectionofthemagneticfield.Thismodel,whichtakesthemolecularlevelasitsreference,

isalsovalidonthecellularlevel.If,infact,weapplymagneticforcestothemotionofmo-

lecular ions, there isanelasticchange in thecell’s shape,and,inparticular,weobservea“lengthening”ofthecellinthedirectionofthemagneticfield.Such“lengthening”hasbeen demonstrated using an electron scanning microscope(see “Experimental Considerations” below). The consider-ationsintroducedtheremakeitclearthatthebiologicaleffectofamagneto-electricfieldvariesaccordingtothetypeofsig-nalused,andaccordingtoitsintensity.(Itisnottobeforgot-ten that Lorentz forces need a certain intensity in order toact.)

Bassett’s Experiment Using Pulsed, Rectangular SignalsItmustbesaid,however,thatwithintheparametersofform

and intensity, the principle of superposition of effects rules.Bassettwasthefirsttoconfrontthisprinciple,inthefollowingexperiment:Heexposedthetwoendsofafracture(in vivo)toapulsedmagneto-electricfield,withthereasonableexpectationthatCa++(calcium2+)ionswouldbedepositedonthenegativepole,andthatnothingwouldhappenatthepositivepole,orperhapserosionmightoccurthere.

Duringhisexperiments,Bassettfoundthatinadditiontoabonedepositonthesideexposedtothenegativepole,therewasalsoabonedepositonthesideexposedtothepositivepole(Figure5).Atthatstage,Bassettwasunabletoexplainthewhyandwhereforeofthisseconddeposit,becauseWarnke’sexperimentsonstimulatingfibroblastreproductionhadnotyettakenplace.Inreality,sincearectangularsignal(asusedbyBassett)canbedecomposedintoitsfundamentalcomponents(seesectiononFourieranalysis),youcanseethattheharmon-iccomposition,firstharmonic,third,andsoon,ofthesaidsig-nal, constitutes a sum of the alternating signals as used byWarnke(Figure6).

Inpractice,bytheprincipleofthesuperpositionofeffects,Ca++ionswillbedepositedasdeterminedbytheinducedBas-settmacro-current,whichisstrictlydependentupontheorien-tationoftheplanesolenoids,andbytheirpositionasseenbyX-ray.

Physical Principles of Magneto-TherapyAconductorwithanelectriccurrentrunningthroughit,gen-

eratesamagneticfieldinthespacearoundit.Thetermmag-neticfieldisatheoreticalone.Whenwespeakofamagneticfieldthatispresentwithinaphysicalentity,beitinairorinbio-logical tissue,wearereferringtomagneticinduction,whosestrengthisdenotedbytheletterBratherthanbyH,whichisthe

Figure 5GROWTH OF BONE FRAGMENT AFTER EXPOSURE

TO MAGNETO-ELECTRIC FIELDMeasurementsareshownforthecross-sectionofabonefragmentinoneofBassett’sexperiments.X=thedimen-sionsofthebonefragmentbeforeexposuretothemag-neto-electricfield.Y=thedimensionsafterexposuretothemagneto-electricfield.Z=thequantityofboneac-cruedacrossfromthepositivepole.W=thequantityofbone accrued across from the negative pole. Bassettcould not explain why bone was deposited on bothpoles.

X XZ W

YX

Figure 6ANALYSIS OF A BASSETT SIGNAL

IN A FOURIER SERIESBrandimarteaccountsforthedepositionofboneatbothpolesbyshowingthatBassett’ssquarewavesignal,whenbrokendownintoitsharmonics,consistsofthesumofthealternatingsignalsusedbyWarnke(Figure3).

1st harmonic

Bassett signal

3nd harmonic

1st and 3rd harmonic

Figure 4BRANDIMARTE’S MODEL OF FIELD EFFECTS

Motioninthedirectionwhichiscoherentwiththemag-neticfieldisfavored,whilemotionontheperpendicularaxistendstobesloweddown.

ParamagneticCurrent

DiamagneticCurrent


symbolcommonlyusedtorefertotheintensityofamagneticfield.

Bisthereforeavaluewhichtakesintoaccountthemediumwithinwhichthemagneticfieldisdeveloped,i.e.,itisarealvalue.Iftheconductoriswoundintoaspiral(acoilorsole-noid),andifthecurrentisconceivedofasenteringatoneendandexitingattheother,thesystemofforcesgeneratedwillnolonger be circular, but elongated.The longer the spiral, themoreelongatedtheshapeofthemagneticfield(Figure7a).

Thenorthandsouthpolesarelocatedattheendsofthesole-noid, theirpolarity reversingwhen thecurrent is reversed. Ifsuchreversals,ratherthanoccurringonlyafewtimespersec-ond,occurmanytimespersecond,thelinesofforcebroadenandbegintooccupyamuchgreaterspace.Whenthereversalfrequencyreaches10,000Hz,thelinesaresospreadoutthattheybreakup,energyisprojectedoutward,andwecannolon-gercallitamagneto-electricsignal,butratheranelectromag-neticsignal.Onthisbasis,wehavemadethefollowingclassi-fication,whereFisthefrequencyoftheappliedsignal:

MagneticfieldF=0Permanentmagnet

Magneto-electricfield0<F<10,000Magneto-therapy

ElectromagneticfieldF>10,000Electromagneticwaves.

In electromagnetic waves, energy is propagated throughspace(aself-regeneratingwave);thatis,thefieldisprojected,andthewavebeginstotravelatthevelocityoflight,outto-wards the infinite. However, it is a mistake to talk aboutwavelength when discussing a magneto-electric field, be-causethefieldisclosed,anddoesnottravelthroughspace;hencetheconceptofvelocitydoesnotapply.Itisatypicaler-rortocontinuetotalkaboutwavelengthatfrequenciesbelow10,000Hz.

Magneto-therapyutilizesamagneto-electricfield,and thusworkswithclosed lineswhichpass throughbiological tissuewithoutweakening(givingupenergy),infactoftenbecomingstronger.Theprinciplewhichmakesmagneto-therapyworkis

thepresenceofthefielditself;andtheonlypurposeofthemag-neticforcesistoorientthemagneticdipoles,whichdonotre-quireanyfurtherconsumptionofenergyoncetheyareoriented,exceptfortheenergynecessarytomaintainthefieldandtheas-sociatedorientationof thedipoles. Inmanyclinical applica-tions, it isnecessary tobe specificabout theareawhere themagnetic-electricfieldistobeapplied,suchasforexamplewithdentalorocularimplants;oralternatively,thefieldisappliedtothewholebodyofthepatientwherethepathologiesaresystem-ic,forexample,immuno-deficiency,diffuseosteoporosis,etc.

Inthefirstcase,weusesolenoidsconsistingofflat-woundcoilsutilizingtheoutsideoftheemitterandthefactthatthein-tensityofinductiondecreasesrapidly.Inthesecondcase,suchasintheAll-Body®method,morethanonecylindricalsole-noid(typicallythree)isused,andthenorthandsouthpolesaresoarrayedthattheyessentiallyformasingleemitterinwhichthepatientisimmersed.Insuchacase,theintensityisverylowandthefieldisinducedoveralargevolume(Figure7b).

Differenttypesofnaturallyoccurringsubstances,bothabi-oticandbiological,responddifferentlytomagneticfields(Ta-ble2,p.23).

TheclassificationinTable2hasservedasthebasicpremisefor our studies of magneto-therapy. Until the 1970s, it wasthoughtthatthemagneticpermeability(µ)ofbiologicaltissueswassolowthatamagneto-electricfieldwouldhavenoeffect.However,wediscoveredthatbiologicalmaterialsdorespondtoamagneto-electricfield,andwewereabletoclassifybio-logicalmaterialsasdistinguishedfromoneanotherdependingontheirsensitivitytoamagneticfieldatthemolecularlevel,asdescribedbelow.

Magneto-Electric Field Effects on Biological Tissue1. Phase changes. Ingeneral,aphasechangeisaccompa-

niedbythephenomenonofopalescence:Bringamixturenearamagneticfield,andyouwillobservethatittendstobecometranslucent.Anotherexample:Amixtureisbroughtnearamag-neticfieldandbeginstoprecipitate.Anotherphasechangecanberepresentedbyachangeintheorientationofthemolecules,

Figure 7 (a)BELOW 10,000 Hz, THE MAGNETO-ELECTRIC FIELD

CONSISTS OF CLOSED LINES OF FORCEThecurrententersoneendofthecoilorsolenoidandexitstheother,creatinganelongatedmagneticfield.Be-lowafrequencyof10,000Hz,thefieldisnonpropagat-ing. It isamistaketospeakofMaxwellianwavesandwavelengthatthislowfrequency.

Figure 7 (b)SCHEMATIC OF MAGNETIC FIELD IN

THE ALL BODY® METHODTheAllBody®methodtypicallyusedthreesolenoids,with the north and south poles placed end-to-end toformasingleemitterinwhichthepatientisimmersed.

N N NS S S


suchashappenswithsomegelsorointments.Theproofthatorientationisatissuehere,isshownbythe

factthatoftentheactiveingredientsofpharmaceuticalsaremacromoleculeswhoseminorandmajoraxesareinaratioof1:600,oreven1:1,000.Sincethesubstancescontainingthe active ingredients have to pass through the cutaneousbarrierwhichconsistsofdeadandflatcells(arrangedlikethetilesinatiledroof),itcanbeusefultoorientthemoleculesinsuch a way as to increase the probability of their passingthroughthebarrier.Obviously,thedimensionsofoneoftheaxesmustbecomparabletothoseofthespacesexistinginthebarrier.

Applyingagelincreasesthisprobability,andthusshouldbeusedinclinicalpracticebeforetreatmentwithamagneto-elec-tricfield.

2. Lorentz forces.Lorentzforcesareforcesbetweenelectricalcharges.RepulsiveLorentzforcescanbebroughtintoplaybe-tweenmovingchargesofthesamesigninsideamagneticfield.Thisistheprinciple,forexample,underlyingthemagneticsus-pensionofamaglevtrain,wherethefrictionissharplyreducedbythemagneticfield.Wecantransposethisexampleintomed-icine,totheredbloodcellsandthecapillaries.Theredbloodcellreachesthecellsbypassingthroughprogressivelysmallerbloodvessels,whoseextremitiesaresmallerthantheredbloodcellitself.

Keepinmindthatbloodvesselcellsareelasticandcreateaconduitapproximately6-7µmindiameter,whiletheredbloodcellhasadiameterofaround7-8µm.Thatmeansthatthemo-tionoftheredbloodcellspassingthroughthebloodvesselstoreachthecellsisregulatedbyfriction.

Thereareessentiallythreewaystoincreasebloodflow:(a)Increasethetemperature.Thiscaninfluencetheflowin

thelargebloodvessels(vasodilation),butitdoesnothavemuchinfluenceoverthemicro-circulationinthesmallvessels.

(b)Increasetheoxygendemandofthecells,whichresultsintheopeningofthestomata.Thisprincipleisdemonstrated,forexample,bythelaser.

(c)UsemagneticfieldsstrongenoughtocausetheLorentzforcestopredominate,thusreducingfrictioninthemicro-ves-selsandtemporarilyincreasingbloodflow.

The aforesaid three principles govern hyperemia (the in-creaseofbloodflow in thebody—not tobeconfusedwithmicro-angiogenesis),byactingonthevelocityandquantityofbloodflow.

3. Macro and micro effects of induction.Theeffectsofelectri-calinductionrelativetoamagneticfieldwerefirststudiedinthe1970s.(SeereferencedworksbyBassettandWarnke,whostudied,respectively,themacro-andthemicro-effectsofelec-tricalinduction.)Ifamagneticfield,nomatterhowgenerated,ismadetovaryovertimebyelectro-mechanicalmeans,itwillinduce(generate)acurrentinanelectricalconductorimmersedinthisvariableflux,buttheinducedcurrentwillproduceitsef-fectinthedirectionopposedtothatoftheelectricalormechan-icalmotionwhichgeneratedit.

This law,wellknown toelectricalengineers,butoften ig-noredbybiologists,turnsouttobeoffundamentalimportance,giventhatmanisparamagnetic,becauseheismadeupofwaterandsalts.In1960,Frenchphysiciansexperimentedwithatech-

niqueforsolvingbonehealingproblems,byinsertingneedlesintotheextremitiesofafracturedbone,andconnectingthesetwoneedles(entirelyinsulatedexceptforthepoint)tobatterypoles.ThepassageofcurrentthroughthefracturezoneresultedinthedepositofCa++ionsintheregionadjacenttotheneedleconnectedtothenegativepole.

The function of the opposite polarities was to re-establishcontinuitybetweenthetwopiecesofthefracture,thusre-estab-lishingnormalpiezoelectricitybetweenthem.Thistechnique,althoughslowandtaxing,produceddefiniteandcalculablere-sults,asthelawsofelectrolysisofCa++arewellknown.

Whatevertypeofsignalisapplied,theeffectwillalwaysex-hibitanalternatingpattern,proportionaltothepercentageofthesinusoidalsignalthatismaskedwithinit.TheC100effectistheonlymagneto-electricfieldthatcannotbetracedbackdi-rectlybyFourieranalysis.Beingpolarized,theC100fieldsu-perimposesupontheFourier-analyzedwaveaneffectwhichisexquisitely linked to polarization—i.e., micro-angiogenesis,whichistypicalonlyoftheC100signal.

Experimental ConsiderationsNumerousauthorshavestudiedtheeffectsofmagneticfields

onvariousmodelsofbiologicalstructures.Theresultsobtainedarevariousanddiscordant,dependingstrictlyontheformofthewave,theintensityofthefield,andthefrequenciesused.Butotherparameters,nolessimportant,alsoseemtocomeintoplay,suchasthedurationoftheexposuretothefieldandthetimechosentobeginapplyingthefieldtotheselectedexperi-mentalmodel.Theresultsofexposingcells,cultivatedin vitro,tovarioustypesoffields,canbequitediverse.Specifically,theworkofR.Dixey(1982)demonstratedthatpheochromocytoma(adrenaltumor)cellsexposedtopulsatingmagneticfieldsex-hibitedanincreasedsecretionofnoradrenalin.R.A.Lubenetal.(1982)foundthattheexposureofosteoblastscultivatedin vitrotoamagneticfield,blockstheparathyroidhormone’sin-hibitingactiononthesynthesisofcollagen,whileapplicationofthefieldtothecellsthemselvesdoesnotblocktheeffectsofvitaminD3oncollagensynthesis.

StudiesbyMarinozziet al.have shown thatacontinuousdoublewaveisparticularlyeffectiveinchangingthemorphol-ogyofthecellmembraneofHep2typeofhumanskincancer,andthatthealternatingsinusoidalwaveiscapableofincreas-ingproliferativeactivityanddecreasingsyntheticactivityinfi-broblastsisolatedfromtheboneandcultivatedin vitro.

StudiesbyP.Contietal.,onhumanlymphocytescultivatedin vitro,wouldseemtoindicatethatthestimulatingeffectofsomemitogens,whicharechemicals,usuallyproteins,thaten-couragemitosisinthecell—ConA(concanavalinA),PHA(phy-tohaemagglutinin),PWM(pokeweedmitogen)—isstronglyin-hibitedbyexposureofthesamplestoamagneticfieldwithasquarewave.Thereisastrictcorrelationbetweenthefrequen-ciesused(1-200Hz,20-60gauss),thedurationoftheexpo-sure,thetimewhentheapplicationofthefieldtothesamplewasbegun(72hours,first12hours,last48hours,andlast6hours),andtheresultsobtained.

Note,however,thatContietal.’sexperimentalconditionsdidnotaccuratelyreflectclinicalreality.Thebestresultswithsuchcellsamplescanbeobtainedbyusingconsecutivecyclesof


therapy,withanalternatingsinusoidalwave,atfrequenciesbe-tween50-100Hzand70gauss,withoutoverlylongexposuretimes.Theseclinicalresultsledustostudytheblastogenesisofhumanlymphocytesexposedtoanal-ternating sinusoidalmagneticfieldof70gauss,and100Hzfor1hour/dayforanumberofconsecutivedays,try-ingtoduplicateascloselyaspossibletheconditionsunderwhichmagneticfieldsareappliedineverydaymedicalpractice.

Materials and MethodsOurinvestigationsusedhumanlym-

phocytes taken from heparinized ve-nous blood from healthy young do-nors and isolated using theFicoll-Hypaque density gradient.ThecellscollectedweresubjectedtothreewashingsintheRPMI1640medium,withadded2nMglutamine,FCSat10percentandantibiotic-antimycoticsat1 percent.The lymphocytes thusob-tained were placed in micro-wells(Falcon)ataconcentrationof2×105cellsin0.2mlofmedium,andincu-bated in a humid environment, at37°C,inthepresenceofCO2at5per-cent,withandwithouttheadditionofmitogens(PHADifcoataconcentra-tion of 20µg/ml; with concavalin ACalbiochem at a concentration of 5µg/ml; PWM Calbiochem diluted

1:256withthestocksolution).Eachexperimentwasdoneinquintuplicate,andtheplates

thusobtainedweresubdividedintotwogroups,oneofwhichwasacontrol,andtheotherwassubjectedtoanalternatingsi-nusoidalfield,70gauss,100Hz,1hourperdayforthreecon-secutivedaysofincubation.Onthefourthday,3HThymidinewasaddedataconcentrationof3µCi/mltotheplateofbothgroups,andthenafteranothersixhoursofincubationthesam-pleswerescarified(thatis,slitwithshallowcuts)andtheradio-activitywasmeasuredwithabetacounter.

Results ObtainedTable3showstheresultsofincorporating3HThymidinein

human lymphocytes,bothnormal lymphocytesand lympho-cytesstimulatedbyvariouslectins(PHA,Con-A,PWM),whenexposedtoasinusoidalalternatingmagneticfieldfor1hourperdayforthreeconsecutivedays,comparedtothefiguresforlymphocytes,incubatedandstimulatedthesameway,butnotsubjectedtoanykindoffield.Theresultsshowthattheexpo-sureofthelymphocytestothefieldhasastimulatingeffectontheirblastogenesis,ascanbeseenfromthevaluesofthesam-pleswherenolectinswereadded.

Itisshownthatthereactionsofsamplestreatedwithvariousmitogenic agents and exposed to the field, vary dependinguponthemitogenused.

Infact,thelymphocytesthatwerestimulatedmostinanab-solutesense,werethosewhichwereputintotheculturewiththePHA,perhapsbecausethelectinseemstoactonbothofthe

Figure 8PLACEMENT OF THE SOLENOIDS IN THE ALL BODY® METHOD

Theschematicshowsthepositioningofthesolenoidsontheplaneofthebedandalsorelativetothepatient.Ifthepatientisbeingtreatedforproblemsaffectingtheentirebody,allthreegeneratorsareturnedon;otherwise,onegeneratoratatimeisturnedondependingupontheparametersreported.

A

B

C

A B C

Table 3RESULTS USING 3H THYMIDINE

IN HUMAN LYMPHOCYTES

Experiment1incorporates3HThymidineinlymphocytesstimulatedandexposedtomagneticfields(cpm±DSx10)

Mitogen No Field Field

— 6.02 ± 0.75 17.3 ± 1.6

PHM 101.1 ± 6.1 192.8 ± 13.4

PWM 40.4 ± 8.8 131.5 ± 13.3

ConA 65.2 ± 6.0 145.4 ± 11.2

Experiment2incorporates3HThymidineinlymphocytesstimulatedandexposedtomagneticfields(cpm±DSx10)

Mitogen No Field Field

— 7.1 ± 1.3 20.3 ± 2.4

PHM 110.8 ± 11.7 204.1 ± 7.4

PWM 47.3 ± 6.4 145.3 ± 4.5

ConA 71.7 ± 8.6 153.9 ± 8.8


lymphocytepopulations(BandT).Ontheotherhand,thesamplesstimulatedwithPWMshow

agreaterincreaseofblastogenesisasapercentage,whilethestimulatingeffectof theCon-A’s is intermediatebetween theothertwolectins.

All Body® Magneto-Therapy for the ImmunosuppressedFirst,welookatthegeneralcaseofimmunosuppressionre-

sultingfromAIDStreatedwithchemotherapy.(TheAll-Body®configurationisshowninFigure8.)

Incurrentpractice,afterapatienthasbeentestedandcon-firmedtobeseropositive for theHIVretrovirusbetweentwomonthsandoneyearafterthesuspectedcontagion,thepatientisgivenpharmaceuticalcocktails suchasAZTorothers lesstoxic.Inmanycases,thechoiceofactiveprinciplesisdeter-

minedbythereactionofthepatient.Thepurposeofadminister-ingsuchdrugsistoslowdownasmuchaspossiblethetransi-tionfromthesimplyseropositivephasetofull-blownAIDS.Inapatientwhoalreadyhas“full-blownAIDS,”thepurposeofthetreatmentistoincreasethesurvivalperiodandtoimprovethequalityoflife.

Inbothphasestheultimateobjectistostabilizetheillness,causingittoreturntothelatentstage.

Alongwith theprimary treatment, all available treatmentsareusedinordertomaximallylimitopportunisticinfections,whichareoftentheactualcauseofdeath.

Inthecaseofcancer,aftersurgeryand/orduringchemother-apy,thereisasignificantreductionintheimmunedefensesys-temofcancerpatients.

Itisthereforecompletelycoherentwiththegeneralmethod

Figure 9RESULTS FOR TREATMENT OF DIABETIC VASCULOPATHY

Thephotosshowtheprogressivehealingofdiabeticwoundstreatedwiththemagneto-therapyprotocol,fromJune28,1984(a),toAugust30,1984(b),toMay2,1985(c).ThepatientwastreatedbyDr.MauroMartinelliattheS.PietrodiRomaHospital.

(a) (b) (c)

(d) (e)Figure 10RESULTS WITH TREATMENT

OF BURNSShown in this series of photos is theprogressive burn healing under mag-neto-therapy.The patient was treatedby Professor Donati at the NiguardaHospitalofMilan.


outlinedaboveandtheprinciplesresearchedinrecentyears,torecommendsupportingpharmacologicaltherapywithvarioustypesofmagneto-electricfields(Marinozzietal.).ThiswouldincludetheuseoftheAll-Body®apparatus,specificallystudiedandtested,includingforhomeuse,fortreatingthewholepa-tientwithspecific,lowfrequencymagneto-electricfields(seetables).Thefieldsarelowintensityandpracticallywithoutcon-traindicationsforevendebilitatedpatients.

Furthermore, it has been scientifically demonstrated thatmagneticfieldscanincreasetherateofreproductionofhumanlymphocytes,oneoftheprimarycomponentsofthephagocyteflorawhichdefendtheorganismagainstinfections(Marinozzietal.DATE).

Theeffectofspecificmagneto-electricfieldsontherateofcellularreproduction(fibroblasts)andonthegeneral toneof

the organism afflicted with inflammatory ill-nesses,canbesedatingorstimulatingdepend-ingonthetypeofsignalapplied.

Itisevidentthatmagneto-electricfieldshavesignificant effects on opportunistic illnesses,whencombinedwithstandardtreatmentoftheprimarysyndrome,aswellassuchco-adjuvanteffectsas increasing theeffectofbasic thera-peutic drugs, strengthening the immune de-fenses,increasingthelatencytime,improvingtolerationtodrugs,andsurvivaltime,

Hundreds of PatientsSuccessful application of magneto-therapy

tosupporttraditionaltreatmentwithhundredsofpatientsconvincedustocontinuesuchtreat-ments methodically, in pursuit of objectivessuchasincreasingtheimmunedefenses,elimi-natingdrugsremaininginthebodyfromprevi-oustreatments,facilitatingthetransportofche-motherapeutic drugs across cell membranes,increasingtheefficacyofchemotherapy(espe-ciallyusefulinthetreatmentofcerebralpathol-ogies),andimprovingtolerancetochemother-

apytreatment.Morethanthreeyearsago,aservicewasstartedatS.Camillo

diRomaPad.MarchiafavaHospital,initiallyrunbyDr.PaolaDionette,andlaterbyDr.DaniellaIngletto,totreatalltheaf-flictionsrequiringtheAllBody®apparatus.TheprogramwasrunincoordinationwiththeIATREIAS.r.l.,whichprovidedthespecificapparatusandtechnical-scientificconsultation.

Numerous patients were treated at home, in coordinationwithProf.FrancescoSilvestrifromModena,whogivesmasterclassesattheUniversityofAquilaon“PhysicalMethodsCom-binedwithDrugTherapy.”

Themagneto-electricfieldsgeneratedbytheAllBody®ap-paratuscanbeappliedtomanyrheumatologicalandotherill-nessesrequiringphysicalrehabilitation,aswellastopainther-apy for patients with metastasized cancer, or to pathologiesaffectingalargeportionofthebody,suchasdiffuseosteoporo-sis.Wehaveselectedresultsobtainedwithgroupsofpatientson whomAll Body® low-frequency, low-intensity magneto-electrictherapywasusedastheprimarycoadjuvant.

Theprincipalgroupswerepatients(1) recovering from cancer surgery, including those being

treatedwithchemotherapyandradiotherapy(2)withhepatitisandhepatopathologies(3) who were seropositive, some of them with full-blown

AIDS(4)withrheumatoidarthritis(5)withfibroids(6)withgeneralizedosteoporosis(7)withautoimmunediseases(8)withdiabetesSomeofourresultscanbeseeninFigures9-12,andmore

detailsareavailableinthepaperscitedbelow.Basedonthesesuccesses,werecommendmagneto-therapy

asaprimaryco-adjuvantinassociationwithstandardpharma-cologicaltherapies.

Figure 11NUMBER OF CASES TREATED (2000-2009)

Thetotalnumberofcasestreatedwithmagneto-therapyforeightdiffer-entpathologies.TheresultsforeachpathologyareshowninFigure12.

800

700

600

500

400

300

200

100

01

Pathologies

Number

2 3 4 5 6 7 8

Figure 12PERCENTAGE OF POSITIVE RESULTS

(2000/2002-2009)

Shown are the percentage of positive results whenchecked7 to9 years later, forpersons treatedwithmagneto-therapyfrom2000-2002to2009,foreightdif-ferentpathologiesidentifiedinthetext.

88.0086.0084.0082.0080.0078.0076.0074.00

1Pathologies

Percentage of positive results

2 3 4 5 6 7 8


References __________________________Dr. Rosario Amelio, 2004/2005. “Trattamento con

mezzi fisici (LLLT e CMELF) di stravasi e/o fle-biti chimiche (da farmaci antiblastici e non) e da cause meccaniche.” Universitá Degli Studi l’Aquila. Master annuale di II livello a.a. 2004/2005 in I Mezzi Fisici in Coordinamento con la Farmacologia.

C.A.L. Bassett, 1982. Calcif. Tiss. Int., Vol. 34, No. 1.

________, 1982. J. Bone and Joint Surg., Vol. 64, No. 6, pp. 888-95.

A, Boyum, 1968. Scand. J. Clin. Lab. Invest., Vol. 21, pp. 31-50.

P. Conti et al., 1983. FEBS Letters, Vol. 162, No.1, pp. 156-60 (Oct.).

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OBA. Laffranchi, V. Fossati, F. Bianchi, M. Galassi, L. Ascani, F. de Conno, S. Serrano, 2008. “Re-cupero di lesioni croniche nel malato oncologi-co,” Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori di Milano, Università di Milano. (Presen-tation at the XVII National Confrence of the In-terdisciplinary Neurovascular Assocation, Dec. 11-13.)

A. Laffranchi, F. Ferrari, L. Ascani, L. Craba, P. Campanini, B. Cotza, P. Placucci, S. Serrano. “Le ‘USTIONI’ da Raggi X Trattamento dell’eritema bolloso,” Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori di Milano. (From case histories between May 1999 and Oct. 2002.)

A. Laffranchi, G. Secreto, S. Serrano, 2003. “Pre-venzione e terapia delle lesioni acute e croniche da raggi,” Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori di Milano. In La Medicina Bio-logical, Jan.-March.

R.A. Luben, D.C. Cain, M. Chi-Yun Chen, D.M. Rosen, D.M., W.R. Adey, 1982. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., Vol. 79, pp. 4180-84.

G. Marinozzi, et al., 1982. Giorn. It. Oncol., Vol. 2, No. 87.

G. Marinozzi, et al., 1984. “40° Conv. Naz. Soc. It. Anatomia,” Milan, Ricerca Scientifica ed. Edu-cazione Permanente. Supp. 38.

G. Marinozzi, B. Brandimarte et al., 1993. “In-quadramento generale dell’interazione fra i Campi Magnetici e materia Vivente” (General Framework for the Interaction between Mag-netic Fields and Living Matter) in Magnetic Fields in Medicine, 2nd Edition, Chapter 5, Ed. Franco Bistolfi (in Italian).

G. Marinozzi, B. Brandimarte et al., 1993. “Effects on cell cultures of sinusoidal ELF magnetic fields” in I Campi Magnetici in Medicina (Mag-netic Fields in Medicine), 2nd Edition, Chapter 26, Ed. Franco Bistolfi (in Italian).

G. Marinozzi, B. Brandimarte et al., 1993. “Effects of magnetic fields on in vitro human lymphocyte cultures.” in Magnetic Fields in Medicine, 2nd Edition, Chapter 26, Part 2a, Ed. Franco Bistolfi (in Italian).

P. Massidda and B. Brandimarte, 2003. Principi e fondamenti di Magnetoterapia e Laserterapia, Ed. Iatreia (in Italian).

T.S. Tenford, ed., 1979. Magnetic Field Effects on Biological Systems (New York: Plenum).

U. Warnke U., 1978. “Aspects of the Magnetic Force Effect on Biological Systems,” Die Heilkunst, Vol. 91, pp. 1-12.

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