whitehead broom management awcsc 2020...0 102030 405060708090100 remedy 32 oz banvel 64 oz...
TRANSCRIPT
9/16/2020
1
Biology and Management of Shrubby False Buttonweed(Spermacoce verticillata)
Brent Sellers and Lauren Butler
• Whitehead broom identification
• Biology
• Background
• Experiments
• Future directions
Outline
• Whitehead broom/shrubby false buttonweed/larra flower• Spermacoce verticillata• Borreria verticillata (synonym)
• Stems:• Square 1st year• Rounded 2nd year
• Leaves: • Opposite to whorled• Pointed at both ends• Linear to lanceolate
• Inflorescence:• Glomerules in terminal or lateral
positions• Stem continues to grow through
center of inflorescence
Identification
9/16/2020
2
• Fine‐stemmed and scrambling; 2.5 to 3 ft in height• Branching forked or in 3s• May root at the nodes
• Native to Central and South America as well as Africa; naturalized in FL
• Moist acid and alkaline soils
• Roadsides, construction sites, pastures, row crops
• Flowers nearly year round in PR and FL• 49% germination of seed at harvest
Biology, Range, Ecology
• 8 other species• S. densiflora a,nn
• S. glabra p,n
• S. keyensis a,n
• S. latifolia p,nn
• S. neoterminalis p,n*
• S. prostrata a/p,n
• S. remota a/p,n
• S. tetraquetra a,n
Similar Species
S. verticillata vs. S. neoterminalis
S. verticillata S. neoterminalis
9/16/2020
3
• Likely introduced in the late 1940s/early 1950s
• Mole cricket biocontrol program• Larra bicolor
• Nectar sources• Partridge pea (Chameacrista fasciculata; native)
• White head broom
History
Other Nectar Sources
Scorpionstail
• Intentional plantings of white head broom throughout the state
• Calls about control increased dramatically in 2010
• Added to the FLEPPC Category II plant list in 2015
History
9/16/2020
4
White Head Broom
0 20 40 60 80 100
ACP 0.5 oz
ACP 1.0 oz
ACP 2.0 oz
ACP 1.0 oz+ CSM 0.4 oz
ACP 2.0 oz+ CSM 0.8 oz
ACP 1.0 oz+ 2,4‐D 8.0 oz
ACP 2.0 oz+ 2,4‐D 15.2 oz
ACP 1.0 oz+ TRI 2.0 oz
ACP 2.0 oz+ TRI 4.0 oz
ACP 0.7 oz+ MSM 0.1 oz
ACP 1.1 oz+ MSM 0.17 oz
ACP 2.4 oz+ MSM 0.37 oz
Control (%)
30 DAT
White Head Broom Trials: 2011
0 20 40 60 80 100
Remedy 32 oz
Pasturegard 32 oz
GrazonNext HL 32 oz
Cimarron Plus 1.25 oz
Cimarron Max Rate III
WeedMaster 32 oz
30 DAT
White Head Broom Trials: 2011
Non‐ionic surfactant @ 0.25% v/v
9/16/2020
5
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Remedy 32 oz
Banvel 64 oz
WeedMaster 64 oz
Pasturegard HL 64 oz
Velpar 64 oz
Telar 1.33 oz
365 DAT 30 DAT
White Head Broom Trials: 2013
MSO @ 1% v/v
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Velpar 32 oz
Velpar 64 oz
Pasturegard HL 32 oz+ WeedMaster 32 oz
Pasturegard HL 32 oz+ WeedMaster 64 oz
Sharpen 1 oz
180 DAT 30 DAT
White Head Broom Trials: 2019
MSO @ 1% v/v
Pasturegard 32 oz + WeedMaster 32 oz; 30 DAT
Sharpen 1 oz; 30 DATVelpar 32 oz; 30 DAT
9/16/2020
6
Pasturegard 32 oz + WeedMaster 64 oz; 30 DAT
Sharpen 1 oz; 30 DAT Velpar 64 oz; 30 DATVelpar 32 oz; 30 DAT
Velpar; 180 DAT
32 oz/A 64 oz/A
Pasturegard 32 oz + WeedMaster 32 oz
9/16/2020
7
Pasturegard 32 oz + WeedMaster 64 oz
Sharpen 1 oz
• Additional herbicide testing• Metsulfuron – higher application rates
• Flumioxazin
• Flurpyrauxifen‐benzyl
• Is mowing/burning prior to treatment beneficial?
• How does growth stage affect herbicide activity?
• Basic biological parameters
Research Continues…..
9/16/2020
8
• Plant identification and Larra wasp pictures:• USF Plant Atlas• UF/IFAS Entomology and Nematology Department
• UF Herbarium
• Cooperators:• David Shirley, Venus• McQueen Ranch, Punta Gorda
• Barry and Val Lewis, Okeechobee
Credits