where is the standard model going?

Introduction to the Standard ModelNeutrinos

Quantum GravitySupersymmetry and the future of the Standard Model

Summary

Where is the Standard model going?

A. Abramov V. Boothman J. Heck J. Maddalena

2nd Year Teamwork Presentations5th June 2014

Ambramov, Boothman, Heck, Maddalena Where is the Standard model going?



Summary

Outline

Introduction to the Standard ModelNeutrinosQuantum GravitySupersymmetry and the Standard Model




Summary

The Standard Model of Particle PhysicsFundamental ParticlesFundamental Interactions

The Standard Model




Summary


Fundamental Particles




Summary


Fundamental Interactions

Full quantum treatment offorces using QuantumField TheoryFundamental interactionsbetween elementaryparticles occur viaexchange of virtual forcecarrier particles: spin-1gauge bosonsInteractions can bedepicted using Feynmandiagrams




Summary


Fundamental Interactions

Due to the specifics of thestrong force, quarks arealways found in boundstates, formingcolour-neutral hadronsNeutrinos only interact viathe weak interaction andhence are very hard todetectGravity interactions are ofnegligibly small strength ata particle level




Summary

What we know about NeutrinosNeutrino OscillationsHow do we study Neutrinos?

What we know about neutrinos




Summary


Neutrino Oscillations

Solves solar neutrinoproblemSometimes called mixingCan only occur if neutrinoshave mass




Summary


How do we study Neutrinos




Summary

Quantum Gravity and the Standard ModelRequirement of quantisationMass of the gravitonDetection of the graviton

Quantum Gravity and the Standard ModelIs unification possible?




Summary


Questions

Does gravity need to be quantised?What can we know about the graviton, irrespective offuture theories?How could we detect the graviton?




Summary


Requirement of quantisation




Summary


Mass of the graviton

Quantisation of angular momentum

L ∼ ~

∴ m ∼ ~rv




Summary


Detection of the graviton

Figure: The BICEP2 observatory at the South pole

Using Cosmology to Establish the Quantization of GravityLawrence M. Krauss, Frank Wilczek, arXiv:1309.5343 [hep-th]

BICEP2 I: Detection Of B-mode Polarization at Degree Angular ScalesBICEP2 Collaboration, arXiv:1403.3985 [astro-ph.CO]




Summary

What’s wrong with the standard model?How does Supersymmetry help?Fermions and BosonsA Dark Matter candidate?

What’s wrong with the standard model

IncompleteFails to combine all 3 non-gravitational forcesPredicts all particles are masslessSolution...




Summary


How does Supersymmetry help?

New particles interactthrough the same forcesbut have different massesHiggs Boson givesparticles mass.Supersymmetry could alsounite forcesmathematically, GrandUnified Theory.




Summary


Fermions and Bosons




Summary


A Dark Matter candidate?

Characteristics of Dark MatterStableElectrically neutralInteracts weakly with the particles of the Standard Model

Lightest Supersymmetric particle - neutralinoJust a theory?




Summary

Summary

The Standard Model as it isNeutrino OscillationsThe GravitonSupersymmetry




Summary

Questions and References

The Standard Model“Modern particle physics”- Mark Thompson, Cambridge university press 2012, Chapters 1.1-1.3”Modern elementary particle physics” – Gordon Kane, Adison-Wesley 1987, Chapter 1 3.http://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/science-news/7828889/The-Standard-Model-of-the-universe-explained.htmlhttps://news.slac.stanford.edu/features/word-week-scattering

Neutrinos"The particle at the end of the universe" - Sean Carroll, Oneworld 2012http://profmattstrassler.com/articles-and-posts/particle-physics-basics/neutrinos/neutrino-types-and-neutrino-oscillations/http://www.ps.uci.edu/~superk/oscillation.htmlhttp://lappweb.in2p3.fr/neutrinos/ankes.htmlhttp://www-sk.icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp/sk/index-e.html


http://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/science-news/7828889/The-Standard-Model-of-the-universe-explained.html

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/science-news/7828889/The-Standard-Model-of-the-universe-explained.html

https://news.slac.stanford.edu/features/word-week-scattering

http://profmattstrassler.com/articles-and-posts/particle-physics-basics/neutrinos/neutrino-types-and-neutrino-oscillations/

http://profmattstrassler.com/articles-and-posts/particle-physics-basics/neutrinos/neutrino-types-and-neutrino-oscillations/

http://www.ps.uci.edu/~superk/oscillation.html

http://lappweb.in2p3.fr/neutrinos/ankes.html

http://www-sk.icrr.u-tokyo.ac.jp/sk/index-e.html



Summary

References

The GravitonLuboš Motl, assistant professor at Harvard University, viahttp://physics.stackexchange.com/a/10090http://lovemeow.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/201101051.jpghttp://pbfcomics.com/archive_b/PBF162-Executive_Decision.jpg Orbital Viewer:http://www.orbitals.com/orb/ov.htmhttp://physics.stackexchange.com/a/16214http://www.cfa.harvard.edu/CMB/bicep2/photos.htmlhttp://www.preposterousuniverse.com/blog/2014/03/16/gravitational-waves-in-the-cosmic-microwave-background/ (and the papersmentioned there)

Supersymmetryhttp://home.web.cern.ch/about/physics/supersymmetryhttp://www.particleadventure.org/supersymmetry.html


http://physics.stackexchange.com/a/10090

http://lovemeow.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/201101051.jpg

http://pbfcomics.com/archive_b/PBF162-Executive_Decision.jpg

http://www.orbitals.com/orb/ov.htm

http://physics.stackexchange.com/a/16214

http://www.cfa.harvard.edu/CMB/bicep2/photos.html

http://www.preposterousuniverse.com/blog/2014/03/16/gravitational-waves-in-the-cosmic-microwave-background/

http://www.preposterousuniverse.com/blog/2014/03/16/gravitational-waves-in-the-cosmic-microwave-background/

http://home.web.cern.ch/about/physics/supersymmetry

http://www.particleadventure.org/supersymmetry.html

where is the standard model going?

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