When you finish your quiz:

1) Pick up the packets on the front table2) Set up your IN:

a) Pg 13—leave it blank but label it tree diagram in your table of contents

b) Pg 14--staple in the two sided Liberty Tree brochure

c) Pg 15—Leave this page blank but label it Federalism Venn Diagram in your table of contents

d) Pg 16—Glue the tricycle page of your Liberty Tree packet into your IN with the tricycle facing up

e) Pg 17—Glue the last page of the Liberty Tree packet into your IN and label it headlines

The story The story of the U.S. of the U.S. ConstitutioConstitutio

nn Liberty TreeLiberty Tree

ROOTS

ROOTS

MAGNA CARTA (1215)MAGNA CARTA (1215) ENGLISH BILL OF RIGHTSENGLISH BILL OF RIGHTS

1.1. King had to follow lawsKing had to follow laws2.2. King had to consult GreatKing had to consult Great ConsulConsul3. Nobles had rights3. Nobles had rights

1.1. Protected the Rights Protected the Rights of the citizensof the citizens

FOUNDATIONS

FOUNDATIONS

FUNDAMENTAL ORDERS OF FUNDAMENTAL ORDERS OF CONNECTICUTCONNECTICUT

MAYFLOWER COMPACTMAYFLOWER COMPACT

HOUSE OF BURGESSESHOUSE OF BURGESSES

ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATIONARTICLES OF CONFEDERATION

TOWN HALL MEETINGSTOWN HALL MEETINGS

EXECUTIVEEXECUTIVE

LEGISLATIVELEGISLATIVE

JUDICIALJUDICIAL

BRANCHESBRANCHES

At the At the Constitutional Constitutional Convention, Convention,

the delegates the delegates created a new created a new plan for the plan for the

U.S. U.S. government government that focused that focused

on two things.on two things.

Structure and

Function

StructureStructureStructureStructure is the framework of our government.

three

JudicialJudicial

LegislativeLegislative

ExecutiveExecutive

The government structure has three branches.

StructureStructure

LegislativLegislative Branch:e Branch:StructureStructure

SenateSenate •2 per state2 per state•6-year 6-year termsterms

House of House of RepresentativesRepresentatives

•based on based on populationpopulation•2-year 2-year termsterms

Elected by the peopleElected by the people

BicameralBicameral = = made of two made of two

houseshouses

StructureStructure

Executive Executive Branch:Branch:

StructureStructure

•President President (4-year (4-year term)term)•Vice-PresidentVice-President•Cabinet MembersCabinet Members•AppointeesAppointees

StructureStructureExecutive Executive Branch:Branch:StructureStructureViceVice-

PresidenPresidentt

Joe BidenJoe Biden Barack H. ObamaBarack H. Obama

PresidentPresidentSecretarySecretary of of

StateState

Hillary ClintonHillary Clinton

StructureStructure

Judicial Judicial Branch:Branch:

StructureStructure

•U. S. Supreme Court U. S. Supreme Court (life-terms)(life-terms)

•District Courts District Courts (appointed)(appointed) •County and Local Courts County and Local Courts (elected)(elected)

functionfunction

provideprovidess shadeshade

home home for for

some some animaanima

lsls

holdsholds soilsoil inin placeplace

What is the What is the functionfunction of a of a tree?tree?

• provide for provide for the common the common

defensedefense

• ensure ensure domestic domestic

tranquilitytranquility

• promote promote the general the general

welfarewelfare• establish

justicejustice

•secure the blessings of liberty to secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves, and our ourselves, and our posterity

The preamblepreamble to the Constitution tells the function or WHAT the

government does for the people.

Idea may Idea may become a become a bill bill

(proposed law) (proposed law) in House of in House of

Representatives Representatives or Senateor Senate

•MakesMakes lawslaws

Legislative Branch:FunctionFunction

U.S. U.S. CongressCongress•ElectedElected byby thethe peoplepeople

People discuss ideas People discuss ideas and tell and tell

representativesrepresentatives in in CongressCongress

Bill becomes a law if Bill becomes a law if approved by both approved by both houses and signed houses and signed by the Presidentby the President

Executive Branch: Function

The White The White HouseHouse

•Ensures that Ensures that the laws are the laws are carried outcarried out

•Elected by Elected by the people the people

and electoral and electoral college college systemsystem

Judicial Branch: Judicial Branch: FunctionFunction

Supreme Supreme CourtCourt

•Interprets the laws (decides if laws are fair)•Tries civil and criminal cases in lower courts•Nine justices on Nine justices on U.S. Supreme CourtU.S. Supreme Court

•AppointedAppointed byby PresidentPresident andand approvedapproved byby CongressCongress

Each branch checks and balances the other

branches.

PresidentPresidentCongress Supreme

CourtCourt

Legislative branchLegislative branch can can remove judges from officeremove judges from officeExecutive branchExecutive branch can veto law can veto lawLegislative branchLegislative branch makes laws makes laws

Checks and BalancesChecks and Balances

Legislative branchLegislative branch can can override presidential override presidential veto with a 2/3 voteveto with a 2/3 vote

Judicial branchJudicial branch can can declare a law declare a law

unconstitutionalunconstitutional

Executive branch appoints Supreme Court

justicesLegislativeLegislative branch branch hashas toto

approveapprove thethe appointmentappointment ofof thethe justicesjustices

House of House of Representatives Representatives brings charges against brings charges against the President the President (impeach)(impeach)

Legislative branchLegislative branch can remove can remove president from president from officeoffice

Senate holds a trial Senate holds a trial and 2/3 vote needed and 2/3 vote needed to remove President to remove President from officefrom office

The U.S. The U.S. Constitution has Constitution has

seven articles that articles that explain the explain the

structure and structure and function of the function of the government.government.

Article 1: Legislative BranchArticle 1: Legislative BranchArticle 2: Executive BranchArticle 2: Executive BranchArticle 3: Judicial BranchArticle 3: Judicial BranchArticle 4: Relations Among StatesArticle 4: Relations Among StatesArticle 5: Amending the Article 5: Amending the ConstitutionConstitutionArticle 6: National SupremacyArticle 6: National SupremacyArticle 7: RatificationArticle 7: Ratification

The The structurestructure and and functionfunction

of our of our government government are based on are based on

five basic five basic principles.principles.

Five Basic Five Basic Principles of the Principles of the

ConstitutionConstitution

Limited powers of governmentgovernment

Separation of Separation of powerspowers

Popular Popular sovereigntysovereignty

Checks and Checks and balancesbalances

FederalisFederalismm

““Sovereignty”Sovereignty” comes from comes from

“sovereign” which “sovereign” which means ruler.means ruler.

““Popular”Popular” means people. means people...

Popular Popular sovereignty sovereignty == people choosepeople choose

Separation of Separation of powerspowers divides the divides the

operation of operation of government into government into

three equal three equal branches.branches.

Each branch Each branch of the of the

government government checks and balances, or , or monitors, the monitors, the power of the power of the

other two other two branches.branches.

Since King George III Since King George III had had unlimitedunlimited power, power,

the writers of the the writers of the U.S. Constitution U.S. Constitution wanted “we the wanted “we the

people” to put people” to put limits on the government.The Constitution The Constitution

outlined exactly what outlined exactly what the government could the government could

do.do.

FederalismFederalism is the division is the division and sharing of powers and sharing of powers between the state and between the state and national government.national government.

National PowersNational Powers•maintain armed maintain armed forcesforces•coin moneycoin money•declare wardeclare war•make foreign make foreign policypolicy

State PowersState Powers•maintain schoolsmaintain schools•conduct electionsconduct elections•provide public provide public safetysafety•regulate trade in regulate trade in statestate

Powers Shared by National Powers Shared by National and State Governmentsand State Governments

•raise taxesraise taxes•administer criminal justiceadminister criminal justice•provide for public welfareprovide for public welfare•charter bankscharter banks•borrow moneyborrow money

On page 14 of your IN create On page 14 of your IN create a Venn diagram on powersa Venn diagram on powers

of the governmentsof the governments

Raise taxes

Charter Banks

Administer Criminal Justice

Borrow Money

Maintain armed forces

Coin money

Declare War

Make foreign policy

Maintain schools

Conduct Elections

Provide for public safety

Regulate Trade in the state

National Powers State PowersShared Powers

Rooted in these Rooted in these five principles, five principles,

the U.S. the U.S. Constitution has Constitution has endured since endured since

1787.1787. This living document This living document protectsprotects the the

rights of the individuals by rights of the individuals by limiting the powerlimiting the power of the of the

government.government.

Visual Metaphor:Visual Metaphor: How is the U.S. government like a How is the U.S. government like a

tricycle?tricycle? Handle bars =Handle bars = ConstitutionConstitution

Platform = Separation of powers

Label the parts of the tricycle Label the parts of the tricycle with these other words.with these other words.

The PeopleThe PeopleExecutive Executive

BranchBranchLegislative Legislative

BranchBranchJudicial BranchJudicial Branch

PresidentPresidentCongressCongress

Supreme CourtSupreme CourtChecks and Checks and

BalancesBalances

The foundation of our The foundation of our government and the government and the

supreme law of the landsupreme law of the land