“when wire-less meets internet”: options and trends of embedded internet dr. j.j. lukkien...
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“When wire-less meets Internet”: options and
trendsof embedded internet
dr. J.J. LukkienEindhoven Embedded Systems Institute
Eindhoven University of Technology
ir. M.F.A. Mandersir. P.J.F. Peters
prof.dr.ir. L.M.G. Feijs
Overview
Examples Enablers, technology Options (opportunities) of embedded internet Complications (Trends) Conclusion
DVD player (Philips Research)
Bug fixing New version of
software
Feeding the fish...
Monitor Control
Using a regular camera Take pictures Extract and change film Bring film to shop for development Pick up developed material Repeatedly:
View pictures [may require projector/TV] Archive the pictures Take pictures out of archive
Take pictures Extract and change storage medium Load pictures into larger archive Repeatedly:
Take pictures out of archive View pictures [requires computer/TV] Archive the pictures
Internet
Using a digital camera
Recent developments
Bluetooth wire-less, short-range (+/- 10m) connects groups of at most 8 devices acts as a digital link (transports bits)
GPRS wire-less, long-range as GSM connects directly to the internet acts as a packet link (transports IP packets or X.25)
Take pictures Extract and change storage medium Load pictures into larger archive Repeatedly:
Take pictures out of archive View pictures [requires computer/TV] Archive the pictures
Internet
Using a digital camera
bluetoothGPRS
Requirements Solving the “last-meter problem”:
standardization: fire-wire, usb, ethernet, LON, bluetooth, hiperlan, dect, GPRS automatic wire-less connection: bluetooth, dect?, hiperlan or long distance:
GPRS
Standardization of information transportprotocol: IP, IP, IP
Embedded system:
camera,
aquarium
electric appliance
TV set
Internet
Terminal (wall outlet, PC)
IP
TechnologyHardware Evolution: wire for long distance, wire-less for short distance Need to reconcile different interfaces: “gateway”
Software As soon as it speaks IP, it can communicate with the rest of the world and benefit from existing
internet technology(IP - TCP/UDP - FTP - HTML - JAVA)
Options of embedded internet
Telemonitoring and control
Software download
Intelligent behaviour
Option: telemonitoring en control On-off control for energy and emergency Adjustment of process-control parameters Status monitoring and data collection
billing statistics quality control production data fleet management remote diagnostics back-up and recovery planning of maintenance
Different value for user/ownerand manufacturer/retailer
Monitoring quality of water(Turnkiek)
Option: software download Bug fixing Customisation Product family architecting Software component marketing Selling new features in software Incremental delivery of software
perhaps: platform independent code uploads: platform independent GUI general: follow Internet developments XML, Java, VRML, facial and voice-based user-interfaces, etc.
Different value for owner and manufacturer
Platform independent:
Embedded systemRemote user
Request connection
Program code
…embedded Java, GUI classes, browsers
Code Graphical user interface
Option: intelligent behaviour Using data resources on the web
customer behaviour analysis competitor behaviour analysis environmental data
raw material costs traffic predictions weather predictions
Connecting to other embedded systems warehousing just-in-time delivery caching and sharing of large data sets enhance “user experience”
Complications
Security
Feature interaction
Performance
“intervention”
on!
off!
Complication: security Data confidentiality Access control and authentication User-friendliness of key handling Keeping pace with hackers and crackers Respecting national +international regulations Keeping pace with trends and standardisation DES, RSA, PGP, AES, firewalls, etc.
“intervention”
Complication: feature interaction
many new possibilities and options several access levels for users multiple simultaneous users distribution
on!
off!
Complication: performance robustness and locality of control loops
in principle, IP does not guarantee (timely) delivery of packets critical control loops only across “owned” lines
speed +predictability of high-level languages size and costs of processor(s) locking and transaction management
future of embedded internet embedded web servers real life applications embedded XML/HTML application development embedded web hardware embedded Java achieving web security embedded web databases
Trends at the 1999 San JoseEmbedded Internet Workshop
post PC era, smart devices more devices on the Internet than people by 2003 average # microprocessors in a home rises from 63 to 250 low cost wireless connectivity will be a driving enabler niche vertical players may be the initial adopters for new
technology such as Java
Trend: it is predicted that embedded Internet will happen
Automatiseringsgids, 15-9-2000
Trend: embedded server considered a key component
Allegro RomPager 50K ROM + 10K Ram for typical system runs on RTOS, OS-9, VxWorks, QNX
RapidControl BackplaneTM kind of data-dictionary that mediates access to embedded data support for Telnet, HTTP, XML, set/get from remote Java
PicoWebTM server 25$ PCB + 16K I2C EEPROM various IO ports support for CGI, HTML, JPEG
Platform independent:
Embedded systemRemote user
Request connection
Program code
…embedded Java, GUI classes, browsers
Code Graphical user interface
Trend: claiming the world’s smallest web server
Internet Tuner(R) by iReady 1.5’’ x 1.375’’ Seiko S7600 chip does TCP, IP, UDP, 50K PIC processor at 7.3 Mhz Web server in 200 bytes HTML page in 400 bytes
Trend: many new companies Automata International Marketing, National Instruments, Lightner Engineering, Concur System Technologies, PC Soft International, Enikia, Intrinsyc, Object Technology, Inc., US Software Corp., Insignia Solutions, IP Solutions
Corp., Norscan, iReady Corp., Microware Systems Corp., Certicon Corp., emWare Inc., Oracle Corp, Sybase, Circuit Cellar.
Trend: following the developments of Sun, Microsoft and Netscape
high interest in lightweight Java versions interest in Jini and DCOM interest in SSL
final observation: the embedded systems will not be stand-alone, but need server support because of resource constraints and for software download
Conclusion Developments are already going fast but... When short-range wire-less connections become widely available, it will
go really fast Wire will remain in use for wide-band, long-distance information transport Use standards, especially in software IP should go into the embedded system