what sort of indusrty pakistan has

8/2/2019 What Sort of Indusrty Pakistan Has

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advantages of establishing small scale cottage industries in Pakistan

s

2 Types of cottage and small-scale industries in Pakistan

2.1 Carpets

2.2 Textiles

2.3 Embroidery

2.4 Jewelry

2.5 Ceramics

2.6 Cutlery

2.7 Woodwork

2.8 Sports Goods

2.9 Surgical Instruments

2.10 Other small-scale industries

Types of cottage and small-scale industries in Pakistan

There is a web of cottage and books industries. In almost everyvillage, there are a number of

such industries depending upon the size of the village and the demand for the products. The

establishment of such industry is closely related t the availability of raw material traditionalskills,climaticconditions and, in several cases, the local specialization in the

organizedfactorysector.

There is a large variety of handicrafts available in Pakistan. They are not only aesthetically

pleasing items, but they are also serve the needs of local people.

Some of these industries produce important export items. Recently exports of non-cotton

products have faced increasingtrade barriersaspublic opinionin industrialized countries has
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expressed growing concern aboutchild labor, environmental and health standards. These

concerns are being addressed now.

[edit]Carpets Carpets are by far the most in economic terms and the make a significant contribution to export

earnings. They are generally hand-woven and hand knotted and made ofwool,silkor a mixture

of the two. [edit]Textiles Textilesare found throughout the country with a variety of design and techniques. The most

famous among them areKhaddar, Susi, Khes, Chunri, Boski, Karandi, Shaal, andAjrak. The

designs are invariably brightly colored with traditional emphasis on blue and red.

[edit]Embroidery Embroidery has developed to a fine art with distinctive regional designs and patterns.

[edit]Jewelry Goldandsilversmithsare one of the largest communities of craftsmen. Much of thejewelrymade

and sold in the cities is intricately fashioned and delicate.

[edit]Ceramics Clayandterracottapottery and utensils continue to be of great practical importance. Many of the

designs ofurns,pitchers, bowls, jugs, plates, and pots seen today are almost identical to those

un covered atarchaeological sitesaround the country. Distinctive glazed bluetilesare used to

decorate many of the greatmosquesin Pakistan.

[edit]Cutlery Wazirabad is the city of cutlery industry in Pakistan . This industry is growing day by day and has

share of 65 million US dollars in Export for 2010. High Quality Damascus Steel ( Pattern Welded

Steel ) is manufactured in this city and 95% of world needs are produced here.

[edit]Woodwork TheSwat Valleyis perhaps the most famous for its intricately

carvedarchitecturalwoodworkandfurniture, althoughwood-carvingis common throughout thenorthern mountains.

[edit]Sports Goods Sports goodsearn about 3.7% of our total exports. The main raw material for the sports goods

industry areleatherandmulberrywood that are available inPunjab, but also

importedPVC.Football,hockeyball,hockey sticks, cricket bats andracketsare mostly

manufactured by hand. The skilled workers are available inSialkotandLahore. In the industry

large and medium size factories contract work out to small scale and cottage concerns.

[edit]Surgical Instruments Sialkot and Lahore are also noted for the manufacture and export ofsurgical instruments. The

most important raw material isstainless steelwhich has to be imported. In this industry, also,

medium scale factories contract work out to small scale and cottage concerns. Also like the

sports goods industry, most of the output is exported.

[edit]Other small-scale industries Other small scale industries includeelectric fans,cutleryand generalengineering.

Problem of cottage and small-scale industries
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Child_labourhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Child_labourhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Child_labourhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cottage_and_small_scale_industries_in_Pakistan&action=edit&section=3http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cottage_and_small_scale_industries_in_Pakistan&action=edit&section=3http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cottage_and_small_scale_industries_in_Pakistan&action=edit&section=3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woolhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woolhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woolhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cottage_and_small_scale_industries_in_Pakistan&action=edit&section=4http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cottage_and_small_scale_industries_in_Pakistan&action=edit&section=4http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cottage_and_small_scale_industries_in_Pakistan&action=edit&section=4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Textilehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Textilehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kh%C4%81d%C4%ABhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kh%C4%81d%C4%ABhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kh%C4%81d%C4%ABhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajrakhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajrakhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajrakhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cottage_and_small_scale_industries_in_Pakistan&action=edit&section=5http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cottage_and_small_scale_industries_in_Pakistan&action=edit&section=5http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cottage_and_small_scale_industries_in_Pakistan&action=edit&section=5http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cottage_and_small_scale_industries_in_Pakistan&action=edit&section=6http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cottage_and_small_scale_industries_in_Pakistan&action=edit&section=6http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cottage_and_small_scale_industries_in_Pakistan&action=edit&section=6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goldsmithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goldsmithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silversmithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silversmithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silversmithhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewelleryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewelleryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewelleryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cottage_and_small_scale_industries_in_Pakistan&action=edit&section=7http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cottage_and_small_scale_industries_in_Pakistan&action=edit&section=7http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cottage_and_small_scale_industries_in_Pakistan&action=edit&section=7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terracottahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terracottahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terracottahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urnhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urnhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urnhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitcherhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitcherhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pitcherhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tilehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tilehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tilehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosquehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosquehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mosquehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cottage_and_small_scale_industries_in_Pakistan&action=edit&section=8http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cottage_and_small_scale_industries_in_Pakistan&action=edit&section=8http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cottage_and_small_scale_industries_in_Pakistan&action=edit&section=8http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cottage_and_small_scale_industries_in_Pakistan&action=edit&section=9http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cottage_and_small_scale_industries_in_Pakistan&action=edit&section=9http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cottage_and_small_scale_industries_in_Pakistan&action=edit&section=9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swat_Valleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swat_Valleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swat_Valleyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architecturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architecturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodworkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodworkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodworkhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Furniturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Furniturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Furniturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodcarvinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodcarvinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodcarvinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cottage_and_small_scale_industries_in_Pakistan&action=edit&section=10http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cottage_and_small_scale_industries_in_Pakistan&action=edit&section=10http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cottage_and_small_scale_industries_in_Pakistan&action=edit&section=10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sports_goodshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sports_goodshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leatherhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leatherhttp://e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Cottage and small-scale industries contribution to theGDPis only 5%. There are certain problems

associated with these industries that are mentioned below.

Profitsare limited and they are mostly spent on the daily expenses of the owners. They do not have

extra capital for expansion of these industrial units.

Economies of scale are not available soproduction costis higher. Goods produced in small-scaleindustries cannot compete in open market if the same goods are manufactured on a large scale.

There is a lack ofstandardizationandquality control. In some cases they do not meet the standards

of foreign markets. A lack of coordination between different industries also creates differences in

prices.

Production methods and machinery are outdated because theinvestorsin small-scale industry are

illiterate and poor.

Thewholesaler, who takes most of the profits, exploits the owners of the small-scale industry. In

some cases goods are sold to wholesalers at cost price, which discourages the owners and they

reduce the quality and quantity the produced.

In rural areas, where theelectricityis not provided, small-scale industries are difficult to set up. Eventhe great fluctuation in voltage and power break-downs cause damage to theelectric motors. The

commercial rates of electricity have also increased significantly which hinders the growth.

The craftsman andartisanslearns their skills and production methods from their elders. The provision

of technical advice and further training is limited.

[edit]Government Policy towards Small-scale and cottage industries

The government is fully aware of the potential of cottage and small-scale industries for industrial

development. The following organizations have been established to develop this sector of economy.

Pakistan Small Industries Corporation (PSIC)

Punjab Small Industries Corporation (PSIC) Sindh Small Industries Corporation (SSIC)

The Small Industries Development Board NWFP (SIDB)

The Directorate of Small Industries Baluchistan (DSIB)

The above organizations are taking the following measures:

Establishment of industrial estates.

Providingmarketingfacilities.

Setting up of technical service centers.

Establishing handicraft development centers and carpet centers.

Providing pre-investment counseling and guidance to newcomers.

Providing local and foreignloansto small industry owners on easy installments.
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The economy of Pakistan is the47th largestin the world in nominal terms and27th largestin the world

in terms ofpurchasing power parity(PPP).Pakistanhas a semi-industrialized economy,[12][13][14]

which

mainly encompasses textiles,chemicals,food processing, agriculture and other industries. Growth poles

of Pakistan's economy are situated along theIndus River;[14][15]

diversified economies

ofKarachiandPunjab's urban centers coexist with lesser developed areas in other parts of the

country.[14]

The economy has suffered in the past from decades of internal political disputes, a fastgrowing population, mixed levels of foreign investment, and a costly, ongoing confrontation with

neighboringIndia. However,IMF-approved government policies[citation needed]

, bolstered byforeign

investmentand renewed access to global markets, have generated solid macroeconomic recovery the

last decade. Substantial macroeconomic reforms since 2000, most notably at privatizing the banking

sector have helped the economy.

GDP growth, spurred by gains in the industrial and service sectors, remained in the 68% range in 2004

06 due to economic reforms in the year 2000 by theMusharrafgovernment.[16]

In 2005, theWorld

Banknamed Pakistan the top reformer in its region and in the top 10 reformers globally.[17]

Islamabadhas

steadily raised development spending in recent years, including a 52% real increase in the budget

allocation for development in FY07, a necessary step toward reversing the broad underdevelopment of itssocial sector. The fiscal deficit the result of chronically low tax collection and increased spending,

including reconstruction costs from the devastatingKashmir earthquakein 2005 was manageable.

Inflation remains the biggest threat to the economy, jumping to more than 9% in 2005 before easing to

7.9% in 2006. In 2008, following the surge in global petrol prices inflation in Pakistan reached as high as

25.0%. The central bank is pursuing tighter monetary policy while trying to preserve growth.Foreign

exchangereserves are bolstered by steady worker remittances, but a growing current account deficit

driven by a widening trade gap as import growth outstrips export expansion could draw down reserves

and dampen GDP growth in the medium term.[18]

Contents

[hide]

1 Economic history

o 1.1 First five decades

o 1.2 Recent decades

o 1.3 Economic resilience

1.3.1 Background

o 1.4 More recent reports of resilience

o 1.5 Macroeconomic reform and prospects

1.5.1 Doing Business

2 The economy today

o 2.1 Stock market

o 2.2 Manufacturing and finance
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purchasing_power_parityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purchasing_power_parityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purchasing_power_parityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#cite_note-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#cite_note-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#cite_note-siteresources.worldbank.org-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#cite_note-siteresources.worldbank.org-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemicalshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemicalshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_processinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_processinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_processinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indus_Riverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indus_Riverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#cite_note-siteresources.worldbank.org-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#cite_note-siteresources.worldbank.org-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#cite_note-siteresources.worldbank.org-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Karachihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Karachihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Karachihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Punjab,_Pakistanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Punjab,_Pakistanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Punjab,_Pakistanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#cite_note-siteresources.worldbank.org-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#cite_note-siteresources.worldbank.org-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#cite_note-siteresources.worldbank.org-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IMFhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IMFhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IMFhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_investmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_investmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_investmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_investmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musharrafhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musharrafhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#cite_note-londonstockexchange.com-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#cite_note-londonstockexchange.com-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#cite_note-londonstockexchange.com-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Bankhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Bankhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Bankhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Bankhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#cite_note-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#cite_note-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005_Kashmir_earthquakehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005_Kashmir_earthquakehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005_Kashmir_earthquakehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_exchange_reserveshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_exchange_reserveshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_exchange_reserveshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_exchange_reserveshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#cite_note-17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#cite_note-17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#cite_note-17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Economic_historyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Economic_historyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#First_five_decadeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#First_five_decadeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Recent_decadeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Recent_decadeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Economic_resiliencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Economic_resiliencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Backgroundhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Backgroundhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#More_recent_reports_of_resiliencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#More_recent_reports_of_resiliencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Macroeconomic_reform_and_prospectshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Macroeconomic_reform_and_prospectshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Doing_Businesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Doing_Businesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#The_economy_todayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#The_economy_todayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Stock_markethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Stock_markethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Manufacturing_and_financehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Manufacturing_and_financehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Manufacturing_and_financehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Stock_markethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#The_economy_todayhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Doing_Businesshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Macroeconomic_reform_and_prospectshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#More_recent_reports_of_resiliencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Backgroundhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Economic_resiliencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Recent_decadeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#First_five_decadeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Economic_historyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#cite_note-17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_exchange_reserveshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_exchange_reserveshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2005_Kashmir_earthquakehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabadhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#cite_note-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Bankhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Bankhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#cite_note-londonstockexchange.com-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musharrafhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_investmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foreign_investmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_neededhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IMFhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#cite_note-siteresources.worldbank.org-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Punjab,_Pakistanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Karachihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#cite_note-siteresources.worldbank.org-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#cite_note-siteresources.worldbank.org-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indus_Riverhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_processinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemicalshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#cite_note-siteresources.worldbank.org-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#cite_note-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#cite_note-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purchasing_power_parityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(PPP)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_GDP_(nominal)


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o 2.3 Middle class

o 2.4 Poverty alleviation expenditures

o 2.5 Demographics

2.5.1 Employment

o 2.6 Tourism

o 2.7 Revenue

3 Currency system

o 3.1 Rupee

o 3.2 Foreign exchange rate

o 3.3 Foreign exchange reserves

4 Structure of economy

5 Sectors

o 5.1 Agriculture

o 5.2 Industry

5.2.1 SME Sector

5.2.2 Automotive industry

5.2.3 CNG industry

5.2.4 Cement industry

5.2.5 IT industry

5.2.6 Textiles

5.2.7 Mining

o 5.3 Services

5.3.1 Communication

5.3.2 Railways

5.3.3 Aviation

5.3.4 Wholesale and retail trade

5.3.5 Banking, finance and insurance

5.3.6 Ownership of dwellings

5.3.7 Public administration and defence

5.3.8 Social, community and personal services

5.3.9 Electricity

5.3.10 Chemicals and pharmaceuticals

6 Foreign trade, remittances, aid, and investment
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Manufacturing_and_financehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Manufacturing_and_financehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Middle_classhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Middle_classhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Poverty_alleviation_expenditureshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Poverty_alleviation_expenditureshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Demographicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Demographicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Employmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Employmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Tourismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Tourismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Revenuehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Revenuehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Currency_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Currency_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Rupeehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Rupeehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Foreign_exchange_ratehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Foreign_exchange_ratehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Foreign_exchange_reserveshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Foreign_exchange_reserveshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Structure_of_economyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Structure_of_economyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Sectorshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Sectorshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Agriculturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Agriculturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Industryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Industryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#SME_Sectorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#SME_Sectorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Automotive_industryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Automotive_industryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#CNG_industryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#CNG_industryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Cement_industryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Cement_industryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#IT_industryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#IT_industryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Textileshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Textileshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Mininghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Mininghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Serviceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Serviceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Communicationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Communicationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Railwayshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Railwayshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Aviationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Aviationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Wholesale_and_retail_tradehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Wholesale_and_retail_tradehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Banking.2C_finance_and_insurancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Banking.2C_finance_and_insurancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Ownership_of_dwellingshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Ownership_of_dwellingshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Public_administration_and_defencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Public_administration_and_defencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Social.2C_community_and_personal_serviceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Social.2C_community_and_personal_serviceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Electricityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Electricityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Chemicals_and_pharmaceuticalshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Chemicals_and_pharmaceuticalshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Foreign_trade.2C_remittances.2C_aid.2C_and_investmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Foreign_trade.2C_remittances.2C_aid.2C_and_investmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Foreign_trade.2C_remittances.2C_aid.2C_and_investmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Chemicals_and_pharmaceuticalshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Electricityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Social.2C_community_and_personal_serviceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Public_administration_and_defencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Ownership_of_dwellingshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Banking.2C_finance_and_insurancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Wholesale_and_retail_tradehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Aviationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Railwayshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Communicationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Serviceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Mininghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Textileshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#IT_industryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Cement_industryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#CNG_industryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Automotive_industryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#SME_Sectorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Industryhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Agriculturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Sectorshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Structure_of_economyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Foreign_exchange_reserveshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Foreign_exchange_ratehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Rupeehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Currency_systemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Revenuehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Tourismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Employmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Demographicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Poverty_alleviation_expenditureshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Middle_class


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o 6.1 Investment

6.1.1 Foreign acquisitions and mergers

o 6.2 Foreign trade

6.2.1 Exports

o 6.3 External Imbalances

o 6.4 Economic aid

o 6.5 Remittances

7 Government finances

o 7.1 Revenues and taxation

o 7.2 Expenditures (and the economic costs of War on Terror)

o 7.3 Sovereign bonds

8 Income distribution

9 See also

10 Further reading

11 References

12 External links
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Foreign_trade.2C_remittances.2C_aid.2C_and_investmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Foreign_trade.2C_remittances.2C_aid.2C_and_investmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Investmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Investmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Foreign_acquisitions_and_mergershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Foreign_acquisitions_and_mergershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Foreign_tradehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Foreign_tradehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Exportshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Exportshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#External_Imbalanceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#External_Imbalanceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Economic_aidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Economic_aidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Remittanceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Remittanceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Government_financeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Government_financeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Revenues_and_taxationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Revenues_and_taxationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Expenditures_.28and_the_economic_costs_of_War_on_Terror.29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Expenditures_.28and_the_economic_costs_of_War_on_Terror.29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Sovereign_bondshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Sovereign_bondshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Income_distributionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Income_distributionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#See_alsohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#See_alsohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Further_readinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Further_readinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Referenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Referenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#External_linkshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#External_linkshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#External_linkshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Referenceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Further_readinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#See_alsohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Income_distributionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Sovereign_bondshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Expenditures_.28and_the_economic_costs_of_War_on_Terror.29http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Revenues_and_taxationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Government_financeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Remittanceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Economic_aidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#External_Imbalanceshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Exportshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Foreign_tradehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Foreign_acquisitions_and_mergershttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economy_of_Pakistan#Investment

what sort of indusrty pakistan has

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