What is Oceanography?What is Oceanography?Oceanography is an interdisciplinary Oceanography is an interdisciplinary science because it applies all the science because it applies all the sciences and engineering to the study of sciences and engineering to the study of the oceans. Oceanography is usually the oceans. Oceanography is usually divided into four major categories:divided into four major categories:

1.1. geologicalgeological2.2. chemicalchemical3.3. physicalphysical4.4. biologicalbiological

In addition there are components of engineering, In addition there are components of engineering, navigation, mathematics and meteorology.navigation, mathematics and meteorology.

Why Study Oceanography?Why Study Oceanography?

• The oceans cover about 71% of the The oceans cover about 71% of the Earth's surface and have a tremendous Earth's surface and have a tremendous impact on our weather, climate, impact on our weather, climate, history, health, economics, history, health, economics, communications, recreation and safety.communications, recreation and safety.

• Canada alone has the largest coastline Canada alone has the largest coastline of any country in the world. It is of any country in the world. It is approximately 244 000 km long and approximately 244 000 km long and borders three oceansborders three oceans. .

We will address questions such as:

•How do the unique physical properties of water and especially seawater, affect world climate, and the marine environment?

•How have the oceans changed over time and how will they continue to change?

•How does water move in the ocean?

•How is life in the oceans interconnected?

•How does scientific nomenclature help us to organize and study ocean life?

•How are marine organisms specially adapted to their environment?

•What happened to the Atlantic Cod?•Aquaculture: Is it the future of the

Fisheries?•How important is the ocean to the

future of the planet?•What are some of the current issues

in the news today about the ocean that relate directly to this course?

Why Study Oceanography?Why Study Oceanography?

• The present life in the seas is a major food The present life in the seas is a major food source for man. source for man.

• Algae, which is the most numerous Algae, which is the most numerous producer in the world’s oceans, produces producer in the world’s oceans, produces more than half of the world’s oxygen.more than half of the world’s oxygen.

• The water of the oceans is a chemical The water of the oceans is a chemical resource for many elements. In arid (dry) resource for many elements. In arid (dry) regions, desalination provides a source of regions, desalination provides a source of freshwater.freshwater.

Why Study Oceanography?Why Study Oceanography?

• The final resting spot of all The final resting spot of all continental freshwater runoff and continental freshwater runoff and eroded sediments is the sea. Some eroded sediments is the sea. Some sea-floor mineral deposits are sea-floor mineral deposits are precipitates from seawater, while precipitates from seawater, while others are physically deposited by others are physically deposited by currents.currents.

• We can and do obtain energy from the We can and do obtain energy from the oceans, tides, waves, winds and even oceans, tides, waves, winds and even seawater temperature differences. Canada seawater temperature differences. Canada has the potential to harness enormous has the potential to harness enormous amounts of energy from the oceans. There amounts of energy from the oceans. There is enough energy in the Bay of Fundy daily is enough energy in the Bay of Fundy daily tides to power all of Canada’s energy tides to power all of Canada’s energy needs!needs!

Why Study Oceanography?Why Study Oceanography?

• The oceans are the major source of water for our The oceans are the major source of water for our rain and snow. If the unchecked burning of fossil rain and snow. If the unchecked burning of fossil fuels and forests continues, the climatic affects of fuels and forests continues, the climatic affects of the resulting increase of carbon dioxide in the the resulting increase of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere will not only raise our planetary atmosphere will not only raise our planetary average temperature and melt glaciers but cause average temperature and melt glaciers but cause sea levels to rise. Since most human populations sea levels to rise. Since most human populations are concentrated along coasts even a small rise are concentrated along coasts even a small rise in sea level can have devastating results.in sea level can have devastating results.

• The transportation potential of the oceans is The transportation potential of the oceans is extremely important. Over 90% of international extremely important. Over 90% of international trade is conducted by ships.trade is conducted by ships.

Student ExpectationsStudent Expectations

• In class behaviorIn class behavior– AArrive on time and be prepared to workrrive on time and be prepared to work

• Late on the bellLate on the bell– Take good notes and pay attention to course notesTake good notes and pay attention to course notes– Washroom Washroom – Leaving class earlyLeaving class early

• Sign out in office if going off propertySign out in office if going off property– Let me know earlyLet me know early– Parent permissionParent permission

– iPods, cell phones & other electronics to be used iPods, cell phones & other electronics to be used approperiatelyapproperiately

– You are here to work on design not eating.You are here to work on design not eating.– Respect your self and others in manners and languageRespect your self and others in manners and language

• Use class time effectivelyUse class time effectively– You will be given ample time to complete all work for each moduleYou will be given ample time to complete all work for each module

• If you finish your work in advance of the allotted time, you will still need to If you finish your work in advance of the allotted time, you will still need to come to class and be productivecome to class and be productive

• Work before pleasureWork before pleasure

• Work outside of the classroom must be supervisedWork outside of the classroom must be supervised

• Garbage: Garbage: – 3 bin system3 bin system

• WasteWaste

• PaperPaper

• Bottles & cansBottles & cans– Clean up after yourselfClean up after yourself

• Respect the materials you use and borrow of fellow classmates and school Respect the materials you use and borrow of fellow classmates and school resourcesresources

EmergenciesEmergencies

• In the event of a fire alarm, proceed In the event of a fire alarm, proceed to lower parking lotto lower parking lot

• Lock DownsLock Downs