what is canine crp and what’s the purpose of measuring it? · crp and what’s the purpose of...

What is Canine CRP and what’s

the purpose of measuring it?

7 cases when Canine CRP is effective for making a diagnosis

Example Diseases: Pyometra, Pancreatitis, Bacterial Dermatitis, Polyarthritis, Peritonitis etc. See following pages.

• When the body is exposed to stress such as infection or tissue damage, the blood concentration of a certain acute phase protein fluctuates during a short period of time. This protein is known as C-Reactive Protein, or CRP.

• The reference range for canine CRP is predominately reported as < 20 mg/L. The concentration of canine CRP can increase 10-fold as a result of an infection. Canine CRP is a real time marker, which concentration starts to elevate in only about 4 hours after start of the infection, peaks after 24 hours and clears after 48–72 hours.

Inflammatorystimulus

IncreasedCRP levelin blood

CRPproduced

in liver

Why measure CRP?• Screening test for animals visiting the veterinary clinic.

• Differential diagnosis for inflammatory diseases and non-inflammatory diseases.

• Monitoring of treatment progress for inflammatory diseases.

• Monotoring of post-operation recovery.

Spinal cord tumor

Flat-Coated RetrieverGender: Neutered female.Age: 9 years and 4 months old.Main complaints: Paralysis of hind limbs.Medical history: None.

• Epidural tumor exerting pressure on spinal cord.• Multiple lesiomns on kidney.• Swelling of ilium lymph node.

Surgery:

In this way, some neoplastic diseases are indicated by high CRP levels.

Image after operation.

Images prior to operation.

Initial analysis

RBC 712x104/µl BUN 9.1mg/dlHb 16.2 g/dl Cre 0.5 mg/dlPCV 48% AST 56 IU/lWBC 17,500/µl ALT 75 IU/l- Eosi 0 ALP 1,276 IU/l- Band 0 Glucose 111 mg/dl- Seg 15,925 Na 152 mEq/l- Lymph 1,050 K 3.8 mEq/l- Mono 525 Cl 118 mEq/l- Others 0 CRP 150 mg/lPlatelet 20.2x104 /µlP.Prot 7.8 g/dl

Hemilaminectomy.Removal of epidural tumor.

Diagnosis: Spinal cord tumor

Supervised by Professor Munekazu Nakaichi of Yamaguchi University

Polyarthritis

RBC 528x104/µl BUN 11.8mg/dlHb 12.6 g/dl Cre 0.2 mg/dlPCV 36% AST 35 IU/lWBC 24,880/µl ALT 48 IU/l- Eosi 0 ALP 1094 IU/l- Band 746 Glucose 98 mEq/l- Seg 21,398 Ns 139 mEq/l- Lymph 2,238 K 3.9 mEq/l- Mono 498 Cl 101 mEq/l- Others 0 Ca 9.2 mg/dlPlatelet 14.9x104 /µl CRP 130 mg/lP.Prot 5.6 g/dl

Miniature DachshundGender: Male.Age: 1 year and 4 months.Symptoms: Limping of left hind leg, trembling of forelegs, unable to stand.Physical test: No abnormalities discovered.Diagnosis: Nerve Disease?

High CRP levelse indicate the presence of an inflammation. MRI denies the existence of a cervical disk herniation.

Test of synovial fluid showed that fluid was turbid. The patient avoids moving, CRP levels are high but the area of inflammation cannot be identified.

It might be a joint problem! In particular, carpal joints, tarsal joints, etc.

During the past ten years, we have confirmed that a majority of similar ailments are polyarthritis. CRP is effective for making a diagnosis.

Swelling

Initial analysis

Diagnosis: Polyarthritis (Idiopathic? Immune Mediated?)

µüµ


Acute-Pancreatitis

RBC 788x104/µl BUN 15.0mg/dlHb 18.4 g/dl Cre 0.7 mg/dlPCV 51% AST 26 IU/lWBC 10,290/µl ALT 39 IU/l- Eosi 1,132 ALP 202 IU/l- Band 0 Glucose 90 mg/dl- Seg 6,997 Na 152 mEq/l- Lymph 1,852 K 3.7 mEq/l- Mono 309 Cl 115 mEq/l- Others 321 CRP 5 mg/lPlatelet 29.8x104 /µlP.Prot 6.2 g/dl

RBC 851x104/µl BUN 17.7mg/dlHb 19.9 g/dl Cre 0.6 mg/dlPCV 56% AST 84 IU/lWBC 10,700/µl ALT 82 IU/l- Eosi 321 ALP 367 IU/l- Band 0 Glucose 135 mg/dl- Seg 8,329 Na 152 mEq/l- Lymph 1,070 K 4.5 mEq/l- Mono 749 Cl 112 mEq/l- Others 321 CRP 120 mg/lPlatelet 25.2x104 /µlP.Prot 6.2 g/dl

Toy PoodleGender: Male (not yet neutered).Age: 8 years and 6 months.Main complaints: Soft lump on neck.Medical history: None.

The lump contained highly viscous fluid = saliva. The patient was diagnosed with a cyst on the saliva gland and a operation was scheduled. No abnormalities were found.

But wait!

From the prior to the scheduled operation date, the patient experienced frequent vomiting. No change in lump on neck.

Although there is no change in the number of WBC, CRP has increased dramatically.

Two more tests were taken:Amalyse 1,335 IU/l.Lipase: 145 IU/l.

Treatment:Operation for saliva gland was postponed. Priority was given to treating acute pancreatitis medically (hospitalization, abstinence from food/water, intra-venous administration, administration of drugs).

Prognosis:After inflammation decreased through treatment of pancreatitis, the damaged saliva gland was removed.

The patient recovered completely.

Additional blood test

Initial analysis

Diagnosis: Acute-Pancreatitis

020406080

100120140160180

200 over 25,000

20,000

15,000

10,000

5,000

01 2 3 4

Recovery Period

CRP (mg/l) WBC/Neutrophil (/µl)

5 6 7

CRP WBC Neutrophil Day of hospitalization

Treatment progress


Diagnosis: Liver Cancer

Liver-Cancer

RBC 619x104/µl BUN 15.2mg/dlHb 11.3 g/dl Cre 0.5 mg/dlPCV 33% AST 107 IU/lWBC 7,600/µl ALT 2,649 IU/l- Eosi 152 ALP 2,117 IU/l- Band 0 Glucose 81 mEq/l- Seg 5,700 Ns 151 mEq/l- Lymph 1,140 K 3.6 mEq/l- Mono 532 Cl 124 mEq/l- Others 76 CRP >200 mg/lPlatelet 22.3x104 /µlP.Prot 6.4 g/dl

ShibaGender: Neutered female. Age: 11 years and 11 months.Main complaints: Fever, swelling of liver.Medical history: None.

CRP levels decreased dramatically once the liver tumor was removed. In this way, some neoplastic diseases are indicated by high CRP levels.

Initial analysis

020406080

100120140160180

200 over 45,00040,00035,00030,00025,00020,000

10,0005,000

15,000

01 7 8 9

Recovery Period


11 12 22

CRP WBC Neutrophil Day of operation

Treatment progress

Diagnosis: Liver Cancer


Diagnosis: Lymphona

Lymphoma

RBC 605x104/µl BUN 20.8mg/dlHb 14.8 g/dl Cre 0.8 mg/dlPCV 43% AST 24 IU/lWBC 9,410/µl ALT 24 IU/l- Eosi 430 ALP 269 IU/l- Band 0 Glucose 88 mEq/l- Seg 7.940 Na 152 mEq/l- Lymph 610 K 3.4 mEq/l- Mono 420 Cl 121 mEq/l- Others 10 CRP 190 mg/lPlatelet 26.9x104 /µlP.Prot 7.8 g/dl

Jack Russle TerrierGender: Neutered female. Age: 6 years and 11 months.Main complaints: Abdominal mass (by way of digestive tract).Medical history: Pyometra.

CRP levels decreased dramatically once the digestive tract lymphoma was surgically removed. In this way, some neoplastic diseases are indicated by high CRP levels.

Initial analysis

020406080

100120140160180

200 over 25,000

20,000

15,000

10,000

5,000

01 2 3 6

Recovery Period


8 16


Treatment progress

Diagnosis: Lymphoma


Peritonitis

RBC 172x104/µl BUN 42.4 mg/dlHb 3.2 g/dl Cre 0.6 mg/dlPCV 13% AST 78 IU/lWBC 35,600/µl ALT 156 IU/l- Eosi 11,036 ALP 574 IU/l- Band 2,136 Glucose 124 mEq/l- Seg 19,224 Na 149 mEq/l- Lymph 2,492 K 4.6 mEq/l- Mono 356 Cl 120 mEq/l- Others 356 Ca 8.8 mg/dlPlatelet 23.4x104/µl CRP 110 mg/lP.Prot 6.2 g/dl

Shih TzuGender: Male. Age: 10 years.Main complaints: Chronic vomiting and blood in diarrhea. Condition at time of Clinic Visit: Unable to stand/lethargic. Visible mucous membrane: Pale.

Following the operation, WBC remained at high levels. However, CRP quickly decreased and accurately reflected the improvement in condition.

After emergency blood transfusion, an exploatory abdominal operation was performed.

Three neoplastic lesions were discovered in the intestinal tract. One of these leasions was causing perforation and intestial lymphoma. Accumulation of blood ascites also observered. Large-scale intestial swelling.

Image of free air.

Initial analysis

Diagnosis: Intestinal perforation Perotinitis

020406080

100120140160180

200 over 60,000

50,000

40,000

30,000

10,000

20,000

01 2 3 4 85

Recovery Period


6 7 12


Treatment progress


Pyometra

RBC 528x104/µl BUN 12.2 mg/dlHb 13.2 g/dl Cre 0.3 mg/dlPCV 40% AST 22 IU/lWBC 36,300/µl ALT 38 IU/l- Eosi 0 ALP 364 IU/l- Band 10,164 Glucose 94 mEq/l- Seg 16,698 Na 151 mEq/l- Lymph 5,808 K 4.2 mEq/l- Mono 3,267 Cl 114 mEq/l- Others 363 CRP >200mg/lPlatelet 61.2x104 /µlP.Prot 7.3 g/dl

BeagleGender: Female (not yet neutered).Age: 12 year and 6 months.Main complaint: Drainage from external genitalia.Medical history: Thyroid cancer, breast cancer.

Test shows leukocytosis and increase in CRP levels accompanied by an obvious shift to the left.

X-ray of abdominal region.

Ultrasound scan.

CRP levels flucturate faster than WBC or neutrophil in accordance with the patient’s condition. This makes CRP effective for monotoring recovery.

Initial analysis

Diagnosis: Pyometra

020406080

100120140160180

200 over 20,00018,00016,00014,00012,00010,000

4,000

8,0006,000

02,000

1 2 3Recovery Period


4 12


Treatment progress


Discover LifeAssays® products:

Fast, easy andaccurate results.The LifeAssays® VetReader offers a new alternative for POC testing utilizing the unique and patented magnetic immunoassay (MIA) technique.

Two-parts systemThe system is comprised of two parts: wet chemistry reagents in the assay vial where the immunoreactions take place, and an analytical instrument, the VetReader, for quantification and measuring.

The two are linked by a disposable algorithm chip, a computer chip containing all of the data specific to the analysis, as well as a self-executable calculation algorithm. The single-use computer chip is the key to the LifeAssays® POC system, locking the reader to LifeAssays® reagents.

When a new reagent kit is opened, the enclosed chip is inserted into the VetReader and remains in the reader until the last reagent vial in the kit has been processed. Upgrades are thus easily provided with each new reagent kit.

Performing tests with the LifeAssays® system is easy and convenient. Once prepared, insert the reagent vial with the sample into the instrument and the LifeAssays® VetReader will automatically perform the measurement and display the results after the completed reaction.

Advantages• Maintenance-free – no optical components,

no tubing.• Part of the LifeAssays® Veterinary test

system, panel with all tests on the same instrument.

• Rapid, easy and affordable.• Extremely light weight (<1 kg) and minimal

footprint.• Highly advanced testing in a POC setting;

same correlation (99%) as ELISA test normally performed in larger labs.

How to perform LifeAssays CRP test. Step by step.

Step 1. Insert the designated algorithm chip provided and turn on the Reader.

Step 4. Open the cap, drop the capillary inte the reagent.

Step 7. After 11 minutes the instrument will automatically perform 5 measurements, by moving the reagent vial in and out of the internal coil.

Step 2. Press and hold the enter button. Load a reagent vial into the Reader.

Step 5. Vortex the reagent för 30 seconds using the timer on the display.

Step 8. Note the result and unload the reagent vial from the instrument. You can now start a new measurement by pressing the Enter button.

Step 3. Collect a 5µl sample using the glass capillary.

Insert the algorithm chip.

Turn on the machine.

1Press Enter

2Load

reagent vial

Drop the capillay into

the reagent vialwithin 5 sec.

Vortex thereagent vialfor 30 sec.

Load reagent vial within 10 sec

after Vortexingis completed

Reagent vialmoves up and

down

2Press Enter

1Unload

reagent vial

Step 6. Load the reagent vial back into the Reader within 10 seconds.

Collect a 5 µl sample using the

glass capillary provided.

LifeAssays AB | Sölvegatan 43 A, SE-223 70 Lund Sweden | [email protected] | Phone: +46 46 286 54 00

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