what international humanitarian law (ihl) contributes to reconciliation and forgiveness in the...

8/6/2019 What International Humanitarian Law (IHL) Contributes to Reconciliation and Forgiveness in the Context of Torture, Abuse, and Bullying

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Introductions- Who, Where, What


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Who are you?

1. Teacher-Elementary or

Secondary2. College or

University

Professor

3. Social AgencyWorker

4. GovernmentOfficial

5. Other


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Where are you from?

1. United States2. Caribbean3. Latin America4. Africa5. Europe6. Asia-Pacific7. Other


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What issue is most important to the

people you work with?1. Torture2. Bullying3. Gangs / Youth

Violence

4. Domestic Abuse5. Discrimination6. Civil Unrest7. Other


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A World of Conflict

Image Source: Population Action International


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Agenda Part I

Introductions Mar 2011 IHL Survey Questions EHL Programme Overview Human Dignity and Humanitarian Acts Bystander Dilemma Captive and Captor Basic Rules of IHL Combatant Dilemma


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Agenda Part II

Dealing with Violations of the Rules of War Who is Responsible? Judicial Options Non-Judicial Options Needs of Victims and the Community Apology and Forgiveness Torture is Torture Where do we go from here?


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9

Survey on

International Humanitarian Law

Report Date: March 2011Research conducted by ORC International


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What is your connection to the

military?1. I am currently on active

duty or serving in thereserves.

2. I am a veteran of thearmed forces.

3. I have a close friend orrelative on active duty or

serving in the reserves.

4. I have a close friend orrelative who is a veteran.

5.

None of the above.


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How Familiar are you with the Geneva

Conventions and International Humanitarian

Law (IHL)?

1. Very Familiar2.

SomewhatFamiliar

3. Just Know Name4. Never Heard of

Them

5. Not Sure / DontKnow


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More than half of adults (55 percent) feel they are familiar with theGeneva Conventions and IHL. For youth 12-17 years old, one in five feel

familiar with these rules and laws.

There is a body of law about how wars should be conducted, including the Geneva Conventionsand International Humanitarian Law. These laws have been adopted by every country in the

world. How familiar are you with these rules and laws? Would you say you are. . .

Familiarity with Geneva Conventions and IHL


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Variations in Familiarity: Military vs. Non-

Military

There is a body of law about how wars should be conducted, including the Geneva Conventionsand International Humanitarian Law. These laws have been adopted by every country in the

world. How familiar are you with these rules and laws? Would you say you are. . .

Note: Very/Somewhat Familiar (Adults Only)

Familiarity with Geneva Conventions and IHL


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To what exent is it acceptable to torture captured

enemy soldiers or fighters in order to get important

military information?

1. Always Acceptable2. Sometimes

Acceptable3. Rarely Acceptable4. Never Acceptable5.

Unsure/ DontKnow


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Variation in acceptability of torture of enemy soldiers

Youth are more likely than adults to believe that torturing captured enemy soldiers

is either always acceptable or acceptable in some circumstances.

To what extent is it acceptable for soldiers and fighters to take the following actions in war? Foreach action, please tell me if it is always acceptable, is acceptable in some circumstances, or if it

is never acceptable. Torturing captured enemy soldiers or fighters in order to get important military information

Acceptability of actions during war


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To what exent is it acceptable for an American

soldier who has been captured with important

military information to be tortured by the enemy for

that information?

1. Always Acceptable2. Sometimes

Acceptable3. Rarely Acceptable4. Never Acceptable5.

Unsure/ DontKnow


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Variation in acceptability of torture of American soldiers

Youth are more likely than adults to believe that the torture of a captured American

soldier is either always acceptable or acceptable in some circumstances.

From what you know, if an American soldier who has important military information is captured, is itacceptable for enemy soldiers to torture the soldier to get that information? Would you say it is. ..

Acceptability of actions during war


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Rules and Laws governing actions in war are

a good way to reduce human suffering.

What is your opinion?

1. Strongly Agree2. Agree3. Neutral4. Disagree5. Strongly Disagree


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Adults (55 percent) are more likely than youth (44 percent) to

believe that rules and laws governing actions in war are a good wayto reduce human suffering.

Using a 5 point scale with 5 being completely agree and 1 being completely disagree, to whatextent do you agree or disagree that adopting rules and laws to govern what actions are

acceptable in war is a good way to reduce the human suffering caused by war?

Attitudes on adopting rules and laws


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To reduce war casualties, the U.S. should educate

young people on the laws and rules of war before

they are old enough to vote or enlist in the military.What is your opinion?

1. Strongly Agree2. Agree3. Neutral4. Disagree5. Strongly Disagree


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Youth: Nearly 8 in 10 believe that the U.S. should educate

youth on the laws and rules of war.

Using a 5 point scale with 5 being completely agree and 1 being completely disagree, to whatextent do you agree or disagree that the U.S. government should take the following actions to

reduce the number of civilians who are hurt in war?

Note: Top 2 Box

Attitudes on role of U.S. government in reducing war casualties


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Whats Inside EHL?

Introductory Exploration: Images and

PerceptionsThe Modules:

Module 1: The Humanitarian Perspective

Module 2: Limits in Armed Conflict

Module 3: The Law In Action

Module 4: Dealing With Violations

Module 5: Responding to the Consequences of Armed

Conflict

Closing Exploration: Where Do We Go From Here?


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WHAT IS HUMAN DIGNITY?


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Explorations

1A:What can bystanders do?1B: Looking at humanitarian acts

1C: A bystanders dilemma


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1B: Humanitarian acts


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1B: Humanitarian Acts


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Media Page

In the News this year Human and Natural Disasters

BP Gulf Oil SpillWar in AfghanistanEgypt RevolutionJapan Tsunami and Nuclear DisasterLibya InterventionTornadoes in American SouthOsama Bin Laden


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Explorations

2A : Limiting the devastation of war

2B: Codes and traditions over time

2C: Focus on child soldiers2D: Focus on weapons

2E: Widespread availability of weapons


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2A The Blindfolded Captive


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2A Photo Collage


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Basic Rules of IHL


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Explorations

3A: Identifying violations of IHL3B: From the perspective of combatants

3C: Who is responsible for respecting IHL?3D: A case study: My Lai - What went wrong?

What went right?


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Dilemmas


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Dilemma Worksheet


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Explorations

4A: Rationales and options for dealing

with IHL violations4B: Judicial options4C: Non-judicial options


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Should people who break the rules

of war be punished?1. Yes2. No3. Dont Know


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In your opinion what should be done to those

who broke the rules of war once the war is

over?

1. Put on Trial andPunish

2.Expose to thepublic, but no trial

3. Get amnesty withno public exposure

4. Not Sure / DontKnow


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4A: Dealing with violations


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When a war is over, how should those people who broke the rules of war be

treated? Should they be. .

Attitudes on punishment for violators of rules

Attitudes on punishment for violators

Adults are more likely than youth to believe that those who break the rules of war shouldbe put on trial and punished.


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There is always a

moment when the moralchoice is made.

Often because of onestory or one book or one

person, we are able to

make a different choice,

a choice for humanity,for life.

-Elie Wiesel

A lack of protest canconfirm theperpetrators faith in

what they are doing.- Ervin Staub

Use of Quotes


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Explorations5A: Needs that arise from the devastation of war5B: Planning a camp for people displaced by war

5C: Focus on protecting prisoners5D: Focus on restoring family links5E: Ethics of humanitarian action


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Want to Learn More?

Visit www.redcross.org/ehl

Sign up for alerts

Attend an EHL Workshop

Exploring Humanitarian Law Program

International Services DepartmentAmerican Red Cross, NHQ

2025 E Street, NW

Washington, DC 20006

[email protected]


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EHL Virtual Campus- http://www.ehl.icrc.org


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American Red Cross EHL Site- http://ehl.redcross.org


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Professional Development


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Connecting EHL: Subject Areas


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NEW! American Civil War Lessons

ExploreHumanitarian acts on both sides

of the battlefield

Discover

How todays basic rules of

humanitarian law emerged

Engage

Students in exciting hands-on

activities to meet humanitarian

needs


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Questions?


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And Remember

Exploring Humanitarian Law ProgramInternational Services Department

American Red Cross, NHQ2025 E Street, NW

Washington, DC [email protected]/ehl

Image Source: Left International Committee of the Red Cross; Right International Committee of the Red Cross/M. Kokoc

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