what factors are most responsible for height?
DESCRIPTION
What factors are most responsible for height?. Model Specification. Outcome = (Model) + Error. ERROR??? measurement error m odel error analysis unexplained u nknown u naccounted for missing variables . Analytics & History: 1st Regression Line. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: What factors are most responsible for height?](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062812/5681628c550346895dd2f9e4/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
What factors are most responsible for height?
![Page 2: What factors are most responsible for height?](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062812/5681628c550346895dd2f9e4/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Model Specification
ERROR???measurement errormodel erroranalysis
unexplainedunknownunaccounted formissing variables
Outcome = (Model) + Error
![Page 3: What factors are most responsible for height?](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062812/5681628c550346895dd2f9e4/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Analytics & History: 1st Regression Line
The first “Regression Line”
![Page 4: What factors are most responsible for height?](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062812/5681628c550346895dd2f9e4/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Men's average height 'up 11cm since 1870s'
![Page 5: What factors are most responsible for height?](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062812/5681628c550346895dd2f9e4/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Galton’s Notebook on Families & Height
![Page 6: What factors are most responsible for height?](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062812/5681628c550346895dd2f9e4/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
X1 X2 X3 X4 X5 Y
![Page 7: What factors are most responsible for height?](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062812/5681628c550346895dd2f9e4/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
we find that a 54-loci genomic profile explained 4–6% of the sex- and age-adjusted height variance
the Galtonian mid-parental prediction method explained 40% of the sex- and age-adjusted height variance
![Page 8: What factors are most responsible for height?](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062812/5681628c550346895dd2f9e4/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
> getwd()[1] "C:/Users/johnp_000/Documents"
> setwd()
![Page 9: What factors are most responsible for height?](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062812/5681628c550346895dd2f9e4/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Dataset Input
Function FilenameObject
![Page 10: What factors are most responsible for height?](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062812/5681628c550346895dd2f9e4/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Data Types: Numbers and Factors/Categorical
str() summary()
![Page 11: What factors are most responsible for height?](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062812/5681628c550346895dd2f9e4/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
head() summary()
ece
ece
![Page 12: What factors are most responsible for height?](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062812/5681628c550346895dd2f9e4/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Continuous Categorical
Continuous
Categorical
Histogram
Scatter
Bar
CrossTable
Boxplot
Predictor Variable(X-Axis)
Pie
Child’s Height
Smartphone?Yes or No
Yes No
Outcome, Dependent Variable
(Y-Axis)
Mosaic
CrossTable
LinearRegression
LogisticRegression
Regression Model
Parents Height
Gender
Frequency
01
Outcome, Dependent Variable
(Y-Axis)
![Page 13: What factors are most responsible for height?](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062812/5681628c550346895dd2f9e4/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Frequency Distribution, Histogramhist(heights$childHeight)
![Page 14: What factors are most responsible for height?](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062812/5681628c550346895dd2f9e4/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Standard Deviation
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 762
64
66
68
70
72
74
Mean
![Page 15: What factors are most responsible for height?](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062812/5681628c550346895dd2f9e4/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
• Deviation between mean and an actual data point.
Calculating Standard Deviation - sd()
![Page 16: What factors are most responsible for height?](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062812/5681628c550346895dd2f9e4/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Normal Distribution and SD
Mean = 66.5S.D. = 3.6
66.5 + 7 = 73.6
SD Pct. Z-score Heights
1 90% 1.64
2 95% 1.96 7.06
3 99% 2.58
66.5 - 7 = 59.4
![Page 17: What factors are most responsible for height?](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062812/5681628c550346895dd2f9e4/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
![Page 18: What factors are most responsible for height?](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062812/5681628c550346895dd2f9e4/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Area = 1
Density Plot
plot(density(h$childHeight))
![Page 19: What factors are most responsible for height?](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062812/5681628c550346895dd2f9e4/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
hist(h$childHeight,freq=F, breaks =25, ylim = c(0,0.14))curve(dnorm(x, mean=mean(h$childHeight), sd=sd(h$childHeight)), col="red", add=T)
Bimodal: two modes
Mode, Bimodal
![Page 20: What factors are most responsible for height?](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062812/5681628c550346895dd2f9e4/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
ggplot2
![Page 21: What factors are most responsible for height?](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062812/5681628c550346895dd2f9e4/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
ggplot2
![Page 22: What factors are most responsible for height?](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022062812/5681628c550346895dd2f9e4/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)