What do these words mean?• Analgesic

• Antipyretic

• Anti-inflammatory

• Anti - platelet

What do these words mean?• Analgesic

– painkiller

• Antipyretic– drugs which reduce the body temperature

during a fever

• Anti-inflammatory– drugs which reduce inflammation

• Anti – platelet– reduce platelet aggregation and thrombus

formation

Aspirin and Quinine

Learning Objective:

To recall where salicin foundTo describe the importance and medicinal value of aspirinTo describe the importance and medicinal value of quinine and where it is found

Lesson 12

Aspirin DevelopmentActive ingredient SALICIN is found in the bark and leaves of the willow tree

Salicylic acid can be made – it is a more effective painkiller but has unwanted side effect as it irritates the lining of the stomach and intestines.

Aspirin contains a version of salicylic acid which reduces pain, but without the adverse side-effects. Aspirin:

•Relieves pain•Reduces swelling in the joints and other tissues•Reduces formation of blood clots•Reduces fever

TASK: Investigating Aspirin

Malaria• Caused by the Plasmodium parasite

• Carried by female mosquitoes

Symptoms• Appear between 10 days to 4 weeks after the initial bite. (In

rare cases will take up to 1 year)

• Benign malaria• fever (with a temperature up to 40°C)• chills• generally feeling unwell• muscular aches• headaches• diarrhoea • nausea and vomiting

• Malignant malaria• similar symptoms to benign malaria plus• breathing problems• Fits• liver failure• Shock• Malignant malaria can also affect the brain and central nervous

system. If it does, it will often cause this strain of the illness to be fatal.

Malaria hotspots – why here?

Quinine DevelopmentQuinine is found in the CHICHONA bark. It kills the Plasmodium parasite and lowers body temperature

Other anti-malarial drugs such as CHLOROQUINE existSome strains of Plasmodium have become resistant to the drugs

PreventionFind out how you can prevent the spread of malaria?

• Nets

• Removal of stagnant water

• Insecticides

The lifecycle of the mosquito

• Why are people living in these areas less likely to get malaria????

• Sickle cell anaemia